高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)提能練三十四Unit4Sharing含解析

PAGEPAGE9Unit4SharingⅠ.閱讀理解A(2020·普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試)Organicfoodisverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnonorganicfood，butnewparentsandpetownersarewillingtopayupto200%morefororganicfood.However，therearepeoplewhothinkitisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnonorganicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals，suchaspesticides(殺蟲劑).Inmanycountriesorganicfoodshavespeciallabels.Theseguaranteethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethinkorganicmeanslocallygrown.Originallythiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallcompanieshadtosellouttolargecompanies.Thereweren'tenoughorganicingredients(原料)，suchasgrainandcattle.Thismadeitdifficultformanyorganiccompaniestostayinbusiness.Today，manylargecompanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.Isorganicfoodmorenutritious？Thisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumersbelieveitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer.Manyhealthprofessionalsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodspreventhealthproblems.Healthspecialistsworrymoreaboutbacteria(細(xì)菌)，suchasE．coliandsalmonella.Thesecangetintocontactwithorganicandnonorganicfood.Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportanttoo.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisamatterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However，organicconsumersarguethatitisbettertobesafethansorry.語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。有機(jī)食品很受歡迎，但價(jià)格也相對昂貴。一些人愿意為此支付高額的費(fèi)用，也有一些人認(rèn)為這是在浪費(fèi)錢財(cái)。1．Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoforganicfoodconsumers?A．Price. B．Safety.C．Freshness. D．Variety.B[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals”和第四段中的“Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer”可知，有機(jī)食品不使用農(nóng)藥，許多消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為農(nóng)藥會(huì)引起健康問題，故可推知購買有機(jī)食品的消費(fèi)者主要關(guān)心的是安全問題。]2．Whatisthedoctors'suggestion?A．Growyourownfood.B．Reducetheuseofpesticides.C．Makesurethefoodisclean.D．Buylargecompanies'products.C[考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportanttoo”可知，醫(yī)生建議要保證食品是干凈的。]3．Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?A．Ittastesbetter. B．Itiseasiertogrow.C．Itcontainsmorefat. D．Itismorenutritious.A[考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter”可知，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為有機(jī)食品嘗起來味道更好。]4．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Arecipebook. B．Achemistrypaper.C．Amedicalreport. D．Ahealthmagazine.D[考查文章出處。通讀全文可知，本文主要在探究有機(jī)食品是否更安全、更有營養(yǎng)，故可推知本文最可能選自健康雜志。]B(2020·濰坊市6月模擬)DuringtheCOVID-19crisis，eventhesimpleactofbuyinggrocerieshasbeencompletelytransformed.Forseniors，thistaskisevenmorechallenging.ConcordiaUniversity'sTheprogramusesamodelthatpairsvolunteerswithseniors，basedonavailabilityandlanguage.ThosevolunteersaretrainedbyACT'steamviavideoconferencingandthengivenalistofolderadults.Thevolunteercallstheindividualsandtakestheirorder，workingwithgroceryofferingsofaProvigostoreinthearea.Whenthecallisover，theordergetssenttoProvigo，whichgathersanddeliverstheordertothesenior.Itwon'ttaketheplaceoftheworkofthefoodbank；seniorsarepayingfortheirgroceries.Thereisalsoanimportantsocialelementinthecall，whichdoublesasafriendlycheck-in.Thevolunteerchatsabitwiththesenior，whomaybeverylonelyandanxious.Onevolunteersaysithasalsobeenarewardingexperienceandgiveshertheopportunitytohelpotherswhilestayingathome，whichtheyareallbeingencouragedtodo.Theprogramisaresponsetoanumberoffactors，includingthefactthatmanyolderadultsareonafixedincomeandmaynothavetheInternetaccessneededtoordergroceriesonline.Itistargetingseniorswhoaren'tabletoaccessNewHope'susualmealsonwheelsservice.Sofartheprojectisasuccess，withagrowingnumberofvolunteersandseniors.Asforwhat'snext，ConcordiaisoptimisticbutacknowledgesthattheteamwillneedtobenimbletoaccommodatethechangingrealitiesoftheCOVID-19pandemic.Weareatacriticaltimeandweneedtodoeverythingwecan，together，tohelpout.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在加拿大新冠肺炎疫情期間幫助老年人在商店下單購物的一個(gè)志愿者服務(wù)項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目使老年人和志愿者雙方都有受益。5．Whatdothevolunteersdotohelptheseniors?A．Helpthempaythebill.B．Sendtheirordertothestore.C.Writeashoppinglistforthem.D．Delivertheirgroceriestothedoor.B[考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thevolunteercallstheindividualsandtakestheirorder，workingwithgroceryofferingsofaProvigostoreinthearea.Whenthecallisover，theordergetssenttoProvigo,whichgathersanddeliverstheordertothesenior”可知，志愿者們先通過電話聯(lián)系這些老年人，記下他們訂購的商品，然后與當(dāng)?shù)氐纳痰旰献?，將訂單發(fā)送給商店，商店再對訂單上的商品進(jìn)行搜集，最后遞送給老年人，故選B。]6．WhatcanweinferabouttheprogramfromParagraph3?A．Itbenefitsbothsides.B．Ithelpsthestoresurvive.C．Itgoesbeyondexpectation.D．Itencouragespeopletopurchaseonline.A[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thevolunteerchatsabitwiththesenior，whomaybeverylonelyandanxious.Onevolunteersaysithasalsobeenarewardingexperienceandgiveshertheopportunitytohelpotherswhilestayingathome”可知，在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，孤獨(dú)、焦慮的老年人可以和志愿者聊天，志愿者也認(rèn)為這是有益的經(jīng)歷，可以讓他們待在家里的同時(shí)又有機(jī)會(huì)幫助別人，因此可推斷，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是使雙方都受益的，故選A。]7．Whomightbethepotentialclientoftheprogram?A．Daisyaged45withaheavydebt.B．Davidwhoenjoysmealsonwheelsservice.C．Alexanderaged75witharetirementpension.D．Elspethwhoknowsnothingaboutonlineshopping.C[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Itistargetingseniorswhoaren'tabletoaccessNewHope'susualmealsonwheelsservice”可知，該項(xiàng)目的服務(wù)對象是不會(huì)使用通常的上門送餐服務(wù)的老年人，故選C。]8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nimble”probablymean?A．Flexible. B．Beneficial.C．Accessible. D．Qualified.A[考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“accommodatethechangingrealitiesoftheCOVID-19pandemic”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)需要考慮新冠肺炎疫情期間不斷變化的現(xiàn)實(shí)，由此可知，畫線詞的意思最接近flexible“靈活的”，故選A。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·6月濟(jì)南市高三針對性訓(xùn)練)Thelionsandleopards(豹)ofanationalparkinIndianormallydonotgetalong.They__1__eachotherforspaceandfood.Butaboutayearago，ayounglionessinthepark__2__ababyleopard.The2-month-oldbabywithbrownearsandblueeyeswas__3__，andthelionessspentweeksnursing，__4__andcaringforhimuntilhedied.Shetreatedhimasifhewereoneofherowntwosons，whowereaboutthesameage.Thiswasa__5__caseofcross-speciesadoptioninthewild，theonlydocumentedexampleinvolvinganimalsthatarenormally__6__．__7__，theparkworkersthoughttheassociationwouldbebrief，butthiswenton.Thefamilywere__8__totourthepark.Thelionesstookcareofthebaby，and__9__meatthatshehunted.Thenewbrothersplayedwithhimandoccasionallyfollowedhimuptrees.Thisunlikely__10__wassurelyamazing.Althoughthisadoptionwaspuzzling，ithighlightsthe__11__betweenthetwospecies.Untiltheyreachyoungadulthood，whensocialdifferences__12__，lionsandleopardsplayandbegformilkinsimilarways.Forthismotherlioness，shemayhave__13__thebaby'smoreleopard-likefeatures—hissmell，sizeandspottedappearance.The__14__oftheinter-speciesadoptioninthewildwouldbesweetenoughforachildren'sbook，yet__15__enoughtoattractscientists.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。在印度的一個(gè)國家公園里，獅子和豹子通常不能和睦相處，它們?yōu)槭澄锖涂臻g而互相爭斗，但一年前，一頭母獅竟然收養(yǎng)了一只幼豹并照顧它直到它死去。1．A.putupwith B．takeadvantageofC．dependon D．fightwithD[根據(jù)空前一句可知，在印度的一個(gè)國家公園里，獅子和豹子通常不能和睦相處；結(jié)合該句中的“forspaceandfood”可知，它們常為食物和空間互相爭斗，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“容忍，忍受”，與語境不符。]2．A.scared B．a(chǎn)doptedC．spotted D．a(chǎn)ttackedB[根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“thelionessspentweeksnursing”可知，這頭母獅用了數(shù)周時(shí)間照顧幼豹；結(jié)合下文中的“cross-speciesadoption”可知，這頭母獅收養(yǎng)了幼豹，B項(xiàng)意為“收養(yǎng)”，故B項(xiàng)正確。]3．A.lazy B．braveC．weak D．dangerousC[根據(jù)空后的“thelionessspentweeksnursing，________andcaringforhimuntilhedied”可知，母獅花費(fèi)數(shù)周照顧幼豹、喂養(yǎng)它直至它死去；據(jù)此可知，這只幼豹很虛弱，C項(xiàng)意為“虛弱的”，故C項(xiàng)正確。]4．A.feeding B．checkingC．following D．dressingA[參見上題解析。]5．A.simple B．typicalC．famous D．rareD[根據(jù)上文可知，母獅收養(yǎng)了幼豹并照顧它直到它死亡；結(jié)合常識可知，這種跨物種收養(yǎng)的行為是罕見的，D項(xiàng)意為“稀少的”，故D項(xiàng)正確。]6．A.friends B．competitorsC．partners D．neighborsB[根據(jù)該句中的“normally”并結(jié)合上文可知，這個(gè)跨物種收養(yǎng)的例子涉及的動(dòng)物(獅子和豹子)在通常情況下是競爭者關(guān)系；B項(xiàng)意為“競爭者”，故B項(xiàng)正確。]7．A.Initially B．LuckilyC．Certainly D．UnexpectedlyA[根據(jù)語境可知，起初，公園的工作人員認(rèn)為這種跨物種收養(yǎng)過程很短，但是沒想到這種過程在繼續(xù)；A項(xiàng)意為“起初”，故A項(xiàng)正確。]8．A.expected B．observedC．persuaded D．pushedB[根據(jù)下文的描述可知，這頭母獅照顧幼豹，并和它分享自己獵捕來的肉，兩只小獅子也陪它玩并時(shí)不時(shí)在樹上跟著它，據(jù)此可知，這個(gè)家庭在公園里的活動(dòng)被人們觀察到。]9．A.cooked B．packedC．shared D．burnedC[參見上題解析。]10．A.experience B．a(chǎn)ffairC．a(chǎn)greement D．connectionD[根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“theassociation”并結(jié)合空前的“unlikely”可知，這種獅豹在一起的不太可能的聯(lián)系必定令人大為驚奇。]11．A.communication B．similaritiesC．behavior D．differencesB[根據(jù)空后一句中的“l(fā)ionsandleopardsplayandbegformilkinsimilarways”并結(jié)合語境可知，盡管這種(跨物種的)收養(yǎng)讓人困惑，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)了兩個(gè)物種之間的相似點(diǎn)，B項(xiàng)意為“相似點(diǎn)”，故B項(xiàng)正確。]12．A.emerge B．remainC．recover D．surviveA[結(jié)合語境和常識可知，幼獅幼豹在玩耍和討要乳汁時(shí)的方式是相似的，直到它們到了成年早期，社會(huì)行為的不同之處開始出現(xiàn)；A項(xiàng)意為“出現(xiàn)”，故A項(xiàng)正確。]13．A.compared B．dislikedC．ignored D．protectedC[上文表述了獅、豹兩個(gè)物種之間有相似之處，因此，這頭母獅可能忽略了這個(gè)幼崽的更多“像豹”的特點(diǎn)。]14．A.incident B．experienceC．report D．taleD[根據(jù)語境和上文表述的跨物種收養(yǎng)很罕見可知，跨物種收養(yǎng)是兒童讀物中足夠讓人愉快的故事，但也是足夠奇怪到吸引科學(xué)家的故事；D項(xiàng)意為“故事”，故D項(xiàng)正確。]15．A.strange B．caringC．reliable D．movingA[參見上題解析。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·山東省歷城二中第一次模擬)Whatyouspendratherthanwhatyouearn1.________(help)todeterminehowcontentyouarewithlife,anewstudysays.ResearchfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundspendingonhotels,restaurantsandhouseholdfurnishingswasassociatedwithlifesatisfaction.2.________(unsurprising),spendingoninsuranceandmobilephoneswasnot.ButtheONSsaidthatoverallspendingandincomematteredlessthanpersonalcircumstanceswhen3.________(measure)lifesatisfaction.Goodhealth,maritalstatus(婚姻狀況)andeconomicactivityhadthestrongestassociationswithhowpositivelylifesatisfactionisrated.Itsanalysisfoundthatagealsomattered:theyounghave4.________(high)lifesatisfactionthanthoseintheirfortiesbutlifesatisfactionrisesagaininlateryears，beforefallingagainforthoseintheireighties.Living5.________(condition)werealsoimportant.Thosewhoowntheirhomesthinktheirlifesatisfactionismorehighlythan6.________inpoverty.Butwhilespendingismoreimportantthanincome,householdswith7.________incomeofbetween￡24，000and￡44，000wouldfeelmore8.________(satisfy)iftheirincomeincreased,theONSfound.TheONSsaid,“Thereisnoevidenceofasignificantassociationbetweenhouseholdincome9.________lifesatisfactionoverallafteraccountingforothercharacteristics,suchasage，10.________(marry)andsoon.”語篇解讀本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，并列舉了幾種主要的能決定一個(gè)人對生活的滿