浙江省慈溪市2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語模擬試題

請(qǐng)關(guān)注“高中試題庫”獲取更多免費(fèi)資源！2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期慈溪市高二期末測(cè)試英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）；全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘.2.答題前，考生務(wù)必把自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上.3.答第I卷時(shí)，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑、涂滿；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào).4.答第II卷時(shí)，用黑色墨水鋼筆在答題卡規(guī)定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答；答在本試卷上或超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效.第I卷第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話.每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置.聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題.每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍.1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydofirst?A.HavedinnerB.GoshoppingC.Sendemails2.Whywasthewomansolate?A.Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.B.Hercarbrokedownontheway.C.Shemissedthebus.3.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Playingfootball.B.Talkingaboutaplayer.C.Watchingafootballmatch4.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Heattendedschool.B.Hetalkedwithhisfriend.C.HesawafilmonTV.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thewomanshouldn'tbuythatsuit.B.Thewomanneedsmoremoney.C.Thewomanshouldusemoneymorecarefully.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置.聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍.聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題.6.Whydidthemancallthepolicemanforhelp?.A.Becausethemanlosthiswayhome.B.Becausethemancouldn'tgetintouchwithhisfamily.C.Becausethemanwastiredandunwillingtowalkhome.7.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman'swife.B.Theman'sdaughter.C.Theman'sgranddaughter.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題.8.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.9.WhydoesthekidfromBrazilfindithardtocommunicate?A.Becauseheisveryshy.B.BecausehespeakslittleEnglish.C.Becauseheisnotwelcomed.10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherspecialattention?A.Worthwhile.B.Useless.C.Easy.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題.11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aholiday.B.Amountain.C.Aperson.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hefeltverytired.B.Hestoppedhalfway.C.Hemetmanyfamouspeople.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Shedoesn'tlikeclimbingmountains.B.Shewantstovisitthemountain,too.C.Shehasbeentothemountainbefore.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題.14.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.Thetown.B.Thehospital.C.Thegovernmentoffice.15.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Seeingadoctor.B.Doingbusiness.C.Enjoyinghisholiday.16.Whydoesthemanwanttovisitthecountryside?A.Becauseheworksinthecountryside.B.Becausehemisseslifeinthecountryside.C.Becausehehasneverbeentothecountryside.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題.17.Whendidthespeakerbuyhisticket?A.LastMonday.B.Thirteendaysago.C.Thirtydaysago.18.Hodidthespeakergototheairport?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bytrain.19.Howdidthespeakerfeelatfirstontheplane?A.Calm.B.Happy.C.Frightened.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Hehadneverbeeninaplanebefore.B.Heisofteninaplane.C.Hehadbeeninaplaneonlytwice.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng).AIfyouwalkthroughapark,youmayenjoythescents(氣味）offlowers,waterandsoil.Ifyouareespeciallylucky,youwillgettosmellfresh-cutgrass.It'sabelovedscentthattransportsmanypeoplebacktotheirchildhood.Butthere'sadarksidetothatsmell.Indeed,weareinlovewiththescentoffear.Plantshavemanydifferentchemicaldefenses.Thatsmellisoneofthem,asthegrassrespondstoanattack,signaling(向......示意）tothesurroundinggrassthatdangeriscoming.Thefresh,"green”scentofajust-mowedlawnisthelawntryingtosaveitself,saysastoryatsciencewebsiteReal-ClearScience.Thesmellisproducedbyamixofchemicalscalledgreenleafvolatiles(GLVs,綠葉揮發(fā)物）.Whentheleafyplantsareinjuredbyanimalseatingthem,peoplecuttingthem,oranyotherroughtreatment-theygiveoffGLVsintotheair.TheseGLVsareawarningtoneighbouringplantsthattheirflowersmightberemoved,sotheycanmoveresourceslikesugartowardtheirrootsandawayfromtheirflowers.Thisreducesaplant'spotentiallossesandcanhelpitgrowbacklater.TherushofGLVsdoesafewotherthings,too.Onechemicalhelpstoclosethewoundonthedamagedplant.Othersactasantibiotics(抗生素）andpreventbacterialinfections.SomeGLVsmayalsoreactwithanimalsthateatplants.SilkeAll-mannandIanT.Baldwin,researchersfromtheUniversityofAmsterdam,Netherlands,foundthatsomecaterpillars(毛蟲）arechangedbytheGLVcompounds(化合物）whentheyeatatobaccoplant.Tobaccomakesthecaterpillarsmoreattractivetopredators(捕食者）.Forthetobaccoplants,thisislikehavinganolderbrothercometobeatupyourbully(欺凌者）.Thankfully,nothingiscomingtoeatyouwhenyoumowthelawn.Instead,wehumangettreatedtosomegreat-smellingGLVs.Oneisacompoundknownas"cis-3-hexenal".Thisisthesamechemicalthatgivesstrawberriestheirsweetscent.Similarcompoundsarealsofoundinapplesandolives.＂JustaboutallfreshvegetableshavesomeGLVscentstothem,"BaldwintoldLiveScience,andfruitsmayreleasethecompoundsastheysoften."Throughoutevolutionaryhistory,we'veusedthatinformationtoknowwhensomethingisripe,"Baldwinsaid.Nowwecanuseittoknowwhengrassisfrightened.1.WhatdoweknowaboutGLVs?A.Theyareharmfultohumans. B.Theyareuniquetofloweringplants.C.Theytendtostayintheairforalongtime. D.Theyarereleasedwhenplantsgethurt.2.HowmayplantsreacttotheGLVsproducedbyneighbouringplants?A.Theygrowmorequickly. B.Theyproducemoreflowers.C.Theyabsorbmorewater. D.Theytransportresourcestotheirroots.3.Inparagraph5,theunderlinedpart"anolderbrother"referstoA.akindofantibiotic B.apredator. C.acaterpillar. D.atobaccoplant.4.AccordingtoBaldwin,GLVscanA.telluswhetherfruitsarereadytoeat. B.protectplantsfrompests.C.helpfruitsgrowmorequickly. D.helppeoplechoosedeliciousfruits.【答案】1.D2.D3.B4.A【解析】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了植物氣味所散發(fā)出來的不同的信息，這些氣味有些是用于保護(hù)自己，也可以通過這些氣味來了解植物的成熟度和當(dāng)下的狀況等等。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段第二句提到“Whentheleafyplantsareinjuredbyanimalseatingthem,peoplecuttingthem,oranyotherroughtreatmenttheygiveoffGLVsintotheair.”當(dāng)葉子植物被動(dòng)物食用、人類切割，或者受到其他粗糙對(duì)待的時(shí)候，植物就會(huì)向空氣中釋放出一種叫做GLV的綠葉揮發(fā)物。故選D。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段第三句提到“TheseGLVsareawarningtoneighbouringplantsthattheirflowersmightberemoved,sotheycanmoveresourceslikesugartowardtheirrootsandawayfromtheirflowers.”這種綠葉揮發(fā)物對(duì)于鄰近的植物也是一種警告的信號(hào)，這種物質(zhì)會(huì)告知鄰近的植物，它們的花可能會(huì)被摘下，以此將糖分等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)從花朵移動(dòng)到根部以減少損失。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。第五段提到綠葉揮發(fā)物會(huì)使食用植物的動(dòng)物也發(fā)生反應(yīng)。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)在毛毛蟲吃了煙草植物之后，會(huì)被綠葉揮發(fā)物進(jìn)行改變，使得毛毛蟲更加容易吸引到毛毛蟲捕食者，對(duì)于煙草植物而言，這種綠葉揮發(fā)物會(huì)幫助煙草植物不被毛毛蟲吃掉，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)大哥哥幫助弟弟不受欺負(fù)。A.akindofantibiotic一種抗生素；B.apredator.捕食者；C.acaterpillar.毛毛蟲；D.atobaccoplant.煙草植物。此處的“anolderbrother”指的是毛毛蟲捕食者。故選B。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段第三句提到“Throughoutevolutionaryhistory,we'veusedthatinformationtoknowwhensomethingisripe”在整個(gè)進(jìn)化史中，人們可以利用植物釋放出的這些信息來判斷東西是否成熟了，告訴我們水果是否可以吃。故選A。BYouknowtheoldphrase,"Practicemakesperfect."Thatmaynotalwaysbetrue.AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinRoyalSocietyOpenScience,thereareotherfactorsforreachingelite(最優(yōu)秀的）levelsofability.Theresearcherssetouttoreplicate(復(fù)制）theprocessofanew-famous1993studyoftop-levelviolinistsandpianists.Onaverage,theearlierstudyfoundthattop-rankedmusicianshadclockedover10,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.Itputtheirsuccessdowntothehoursspentpracticing,downplayingtheimportanceofnatural,learningskillsandotherfactors.AuthorMalcolmGladwelllaterreliedonthisstudyforhis2022book,Outliers.Hecalled10,000hours"themagicnumberofgreatness”.Questioningthisconclusion,BrookeMacnamaraandMeghaMaitra,fromCaseWesternReserveUniversityinOhio,US,soughtvolunteerstoputthe10,000-hourruletothetest.Thepairorganizedviolinistsintothreegroups,basedonwhethertheirtutorsratedthemasthebestplayers,goodplayers,oraverageplayers.Theywerethentoldtorecordhowlongtheypracticedeveryweek.Theyfoundthatthe“average”playershadaround6,000hoursofpractice.However,therewaslittleseparatingthegoodfromthebestmusicians.Bothgroupshadapproximately11,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.Inall,thenumberofhoursspentpracticingaccountedforaboutaquarteroftheskilldifferenceacrossthethreegroups.＂Onceyougettothehighlyskilledgroups,practicestopsaccountingforthedifference,"MannamaratoldtheGuardian."Smallerfactorsthendeterminewhogoesontothatsuperelitelevel."＂Thefactorsdependontheskillbeinglearned:inchessitcouldbeintelligenceorworkingmemory,insportitmaybehowefficientlyapersonuseoxygen,"shesaid.Shealsopointedoutthefactorofmotivationandtheinteractionsofdifferentfactors.RalfKrampe,aco-authorofthe1993study,disagrees,sayingthequalityofpracticeandteachingdoesmatter.“....Istillconsiderdeliberate(刻意的）practicetobebyfarthemostimportantfactor,"hetoldtheGuardian.Itshouldbesaidthatneithersidediscountsthevalueofmakinganeffort.Evenifyouaren'tdestined（命中注定）tobetheworld'sgreatestviolinist,practicewillmakeyoualittlebitbetterthanyouwereyesterday.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthe1993study?A.The10.000-hourruleappliestoeverything.B.Naturaltalentisparticularlyimportantformusicians.C.Practiceisthekeytomasteringaskill.D.It'sbettertolearnaninstrumentatayoungage.6.WhatdidthestudybyMacnamaraandMaitrafind?A.Thethreegroupsofviolinistsvariedalotintheirpracticetimes.B.Themasteringofdifferentskillsrequireddifferenthoursofpractice.C.Motivationandtalentdeterminedwhetheronecouldbecomeaneliteviolinist.D.Practicetimedidn'tmakemuchdifferencebetween"thebest"and"good"violinists.7.Theunderlinedword"discount"probablymeansA.prove B.ignoreC.recognize D.consider【答案】5.C6.D7.B【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。主要是通過一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)“孰能生巧”這一觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了批判，但這一研究結(jié)果并未得到所有人的認(rèn)同，不可否認(rèn)的是：努力是有價(jià)值的?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞1993study鎖定到第二自然段尋找答案，由“Onaverage,theearlierstudyfoundthattop-rankedmusicianshadclockedover10,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.Itputtheirsuccessdowntothehoursspentpracticing,downplayingtheimportanceofnatural,learningskillsandotherfactors.早期的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，頂級(jí)音樂家在20歲時(shí)平均練習(xí)時(shí)間超過10000小時(shí)。它把他們的成功歸因于花在練習(xí)上的時(shí)間，輕視自然的重要性，學(xué)習(xí)技能和其他因素。A選項(xiàng)的意思是：一萬小時(shí)定律適用于所有情況；B選項(xiàng)的意思是：天賦對(duì)應(yīng)約家來說尤為重要；C選項(xiàng)的意思是：實(shí)踐是掌握一項(xiàng)技能的關(guān)鍵；D選項(xiàng)的意思是：最好在年輕時(shí)學(xué)一種樂器。只有C選項(xiàng)符合研究結(jié)論，故答案為C選項(xiàng)?！薄?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyfoundthatthe“average”playershadaround6,000hoursofpractice.However,therewaslittleseparatingthegoodfromthebestmusicians.Bothgroupshadapproximately11,000hoursofpracticebytheageof20.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)“一般”的演奏者有大約6000小時(shí)的練習(xí)時(shí)間，然而，優(yōu)秀和最好的音樂家之間幾乎沒有什么差別，兩組人到20歲時(shí)都有大約11000小時(shí)的練習(xí)時(shí)間?！笨芍毩?xí)的多少不能使優(yōu)秀和最好之間產(chǎn)生多大的差別，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知D選項(xiàng)為正確答案?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Evenifyouaren'tdestined（命中注定）tobetheworld'sgreatestviolinist,practicewillmakeyoualittlebitbetterthanyouwereyesterday.即使你注定不能成為世界上最偉大的小提琴家，練習(xí)也會(huì)讓你比昨天好一點(diǎn)。”可知努力練習(xí)是有意義、有價(jià)值的。我們不應(yīng)該忽視努力的價(jià)值。結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)意思，可知B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。CLivinggratefullyhasahugetransformingpower,notjustwhensomethingwonderfulorspecialhappens,buteverydaynomatterwhatishappening.I'verecentlybeeninvolvedwithtwopeoplewhoseliveswerechallengedbybadluck.Ihaveseenhowgratefullivinghadthepowertokeeponeofthemgoingandhowit'sbeginningtolifttheother.Onewasafriendandtheotherismysister.Myfriendseemedtobeingoodhealthwhenshereceivedadeadlydiagnosis(診斷）：adiseasewithnoeffectivetreatment.Shehadalltheemotionsthatatragedy(悲劇）brings,butshealsohadapowerfulresponsetodespairthatgaveher"thehappinessthatdoesn'tdependonwhathappens."Shewroteonlinedaily,honestlysharingthedetailsofhersituation.Shewrotethateventhoughitwasdifficulttomove,thisgavehermoretimetonoticesmallthings.Shewasgratefulnotonlyfortheloveandhelpoffamilyandfriends,butalsofortimetoseethesunriseandwatchthebirdsinheryard.Noopportunityforgratefulnesswaswasted.Shetaughtthatgratefulnessisnotafalsecheerfulness.It'stakingeveryopportunitytocelebratetheblessingsofsmallthings.Wecanbegratefulforthechallengesthathelpusdevelopcompassion(同情）foreachother.Lifeisapreciousgift.Sherepeatedlyblogged(寫博客）thatshewashappierthanshehadeverbeen.Whenshewroteabout"theworstday",sheendedwith"lifeisstillalovelygift."Shediedlaterthatday.Hermessage,however,changedmysister'slife.Mysister'shealthwasgettingworseandworse,thoughnothinglife-threatening.Shedidhaveaverypainfulknee.Herlifewasindangerfromherdefeatedspirit.Shewasbedbound(臥床不起），gettingweakerandweaker.Fearful,angryanddepressed,shefeltoutofoptionsforrecovery.Ireadmysisterafewofmyfriend'smessages.Iwascarefulnottosay,"Whycan'tyoubemorelikeher?"Instead,Iletthewordsdotheirwork.I'mgratefultosaythatanattitudeofgratitudebegantoreplaceherangerandfear.Ibelievethishelpedhertoheal.Wecan'tbegratefulforallthathappens,butwecanpracticegratefulnessforallthathappens,butwecanpracticegratefulnessforlifeitself,forallwecanlearntodealwith,forallthewayswecanhelpeachothergrowandheal.8.Howdidtheauthor'ssisterfeelwhenshewasill?A.calm.B.lonely.C.sad.D.confused.9.Whathappenedwhentheauthor'sfriendfoundshehadanincurabledisease?A.Shecomplainedthatlifewasunfairtoher.B.Shestartedtoappreciateandenjoythesmallthingsinlife.C.Shetriedherbesttolookfortreatment.D.Sherepeatedlybloggedabouthowpainfulitwas.10.Whatmessagedoesthearticlemainlyconvey?A.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B.Gratitudehasthepowerofliftingpeople'sspirits.C.Healthisthemostimportantthingforpeople.D.Familieswillalwaysbetherenomatterwhathappens.【答案】8.C9.B10.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過記敘作者的朋友得了不治之癥后，開始欣賞和享受生活中的小事，感恩身邊的一切，而朋友的做法也改變了作者姐姐的生活。作者的姐姐健康狀況也很糟，恐懼、憤怒和沮喪使她感到?jīng)]有恢復(fù)的余地。作者認(rèn)為我們不能對(duì)發(fā)生的一切心存感激，但我們可以對(duì)生活本身心存感激。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中Herlifewasindangerfromherdefeatedspirit.Shewasbed-bound,gettingweakerandweaker.Fearful,angryanddepressed,shefeltoutofoptionsforrecovery.（她被擊敗的精神使她的生命處于危險(xiǎn)之中。她困在床上，越來越虛弱。恐懼、憤怒和沮喪使她感到?jīng)]有恢復(fù)的余地）可知，作者的姐姐生病時(shí)感覺很難過。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Shetaughtthatgratefulnessisnotafalsecheerfulness.It'stakingeveryopportunitytocelebratetheblessingsofsmallthings.Wecanbegratefulforthechallengesthathelpusdevelopsympathyforeachother.Lifeisapreciousgift.（她教導(dǎo)我們感恩不是虛假的快樂。抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來慶祝小事情。我們可以感激那些幫助我們彼此同情的挑戰(zhàn)。生命是一份珍貴的禮物）可知，當(dāng)作者的朋友發(fā)現(xiàn)她得了不治之癥時(shí)，她開始欣賞和享受生活中的小事。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Livinggratefullyhasahugetransformingpower,notjustwhensomethingwonderfulorspecialhappens,buteverydaynomatterwhatishappening.（心懷感恩的生活有著巨大的轉(zhuǎn)變力量，不僅是在美好或特別的事情發(fā)生的時(shí)候，而是在每一天，不管發(fā)生了什么）可知，文章主要想告訴讀者感恩有振奮人心的力量。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).LessonslearnedinpastoutbreaksThenovelcoronavirusdominates(主導(dǎo)）theheadlinesasoneoftheworld'smostpressingissues.Ithaskilledmorepeoplethanthe2022SARSoutbreak,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO).___11___?OneofthebiggestlessonsfromSARSwastosharethelatestinformationabouttheviruswiththepublicandothercountriesintheworldasquicklyaspossible.,___12___,allowingscientistsaroundtheworldtostartdevelopingavaccine(疫畝）onJan12,accordingtoXinhua.WithexperiencesoffightingagainstSARSandMERS,manycountrieswerealsobetterpreparedtostopthespreadofcoronavirus.___13___.Duringthe2022MERSoutbreak,researchshowedthatinfectedcamelscausedtheoutbreak.AccordingtotheWHO,strictmeasureswereenacted(實(shí)施），restrictingthesaleofcamelsandcamelproductsintheArabianPeninsula.Therewerealsomasshealthtestsforallthoseinclosecontactwithdiseasedanimals.___14___Inthefightagainstthenovelcoronavirus,Chinahasalsotakenmanyeffectivemeasurestocontrolthevirus.Undertheleadershipandcommandofthecentralgovernment,allprovincesandmunicipalities(自治區(qū)）acrossthecountryhavelaunchedaLevelOneemergencyresponsetothenovelcoronavirus.___15___.Itisbecauseoftheseeffectivemeasuresthattheepidemichasbeenconstrained（限制）successfullywithinChina,withtheconfirmedcaseslessthanmanyothercountries.A.Theyalsoquicklyisolated(隔離）thosewhowereconfirmedinfectedformedicalcareB.ChinesehealthofficialspublishedthedetailsofthenewvirusonlineC.ThenumberofinfectionsoverallinChinaarenowfarmorethanthatofSARAD.Followingthemeasures,thenumberoftheinfectedhasdramaticallydecreasedE.TheoutbreakhaskilledmanypeoplesincethefirstdeathwasreportedinWuhanF.ButthereisnobetterpreventionthanstoppingthesourceG.Whatcanwelearnfromthepastoutbreaks,includingSARSandMERS【答案】11.G12.B13.F14.D15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了新冠肺炎的爆發(fā)在全球引起了極大關(guān)注，表明了控制疫情重在阻斷源頭，并且嚴(yán)格實(shí)施隔離治療的措施，進(jìn)一步有效控制疫情?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ithaskilledmorepeoplethanthe2022SARSoutbreak,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO)”，可知新冠肺炎對(duì)比2022年的非典造成了更多人的死亡，且設(shè)空處后為問號(hào)，應(yīng)為問句。而G項(xiàng)“我們可以從過去爆發(fā)的SARS和MERS中學(xué)到什么？”為問句，起承上啟下作用。故選G項(xiàng)。【12題詳解】根據(jù)下文“allowingscientistsaroundtheworldtostartdevelopingavaccine(疫畝）onJan12,”可知全球科學(xué)家開始研究疫苗。而B項(xiàng)“中國健康關(guān)于在網(wǎng)上公開了新型病毒的細(xì)節(jié)”是下文科學(xué)家研究疫苗的前提條件。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Duringthe2022MERSoutbreak,researchshowedthatinfectedcamelscausedtheoutbreak.AccordingtotheWHO,strictmeasureswereenacted(實(shí)施），restrictingthesaleofcamelsandcamelproductsintheArabianPeninsula.”可知，在2022年MERS病毒爆發(fā)的時(shí)候，政府采取了措施從源頭阻斷的病毒的傳播，而F項(xiàng)“但是沒有比阻斷源頭根源的預(yù)防方法了”是下文的論點(diǎn)，下文舉例證明了做法的有效性。故選F項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therewerealsomasshealthtestsforallthoseinclosecontactwithdiseasedanimals.”可知WTO針對(duì)那些與患病動(dòng)物有密切接觸的病毒源頭做了很多健康測(cè)試，而D項(xiàng)“實(shí)施這些措施后，感染的數(shù)量大幅減少”則是采取這些措施后的效果。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inthefightagainstthenovelcoronavirus,Chinahasalsotakenmanyeffectivemeasurestocontrolthevirus.”可知，為了抗擊新冠肺炎，中國采取了很多措施來控制病毒，而A項(xiàng)“那些被確診的病例很快就被隔離”是上述措施的具體做法。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).OnedayinMay1884,twenty-one-year-oldIdaBellWells___16___atrainforWoodstock.Idasatinthefirst-classladies'___17___andopenedherbook.Minuteslatertheconductor___18___passengers'tickets.HetoldIdatogototheothercarriage.In1884,AfricanAmericans,___19___intheSouth,didnothavethesame___20___aswhites.Theycouldnot___21___thesameschoolsandtheywereexpectedtositina(n)___22___railroadcarriage,onethatwasusuallydirtyandsmoke-filled,thoughtheywerecharged___23___fare.Havingpaidforafirst-classticket,Idarefusedto___24___.Thentheconductor,togetherwithtwootherrailroadmen,___25___Idafromherseat,tearinghersleeve.Aftershewas___26___outofherseat,Idasued(起訴）theChesapeakeandOhioRailroad.Whenthecasewentto___27___,thejudgedecidedinIda'sfavor.He___28___her500dollarsindamages.ButIda's___29___didnotlastlong.TheChesapeakeandOhioRailroadappealeditscase.Thistime,thevictorywenttotherailroad.Idahadlosther___30___withtherailroad,butnotherdeterminationto___31___whatwasright.Afterlosinghercase,Idawroteanarticleaboutit,which___32___inanumberofAfricanAmericannewspapers.Readersquicklyrecognizedthe___33___ofIda'swords.In1913,IdacametoWashington,D.C.asajournalist.ThereshebecamearepresentativeoftheNationalEqualRightsLeague.Theleague___34___PresidentWoodrowWilsontoendsegregation(種族隔離）.Idadidn'tlivetoseetheendofsegregation,butshedidhelpleadthewayinbringingabout___35___forall.16.A.operated B.boarded C.accommodated D.stopped17.A.room B.station C.club D.coach18.A.collected B.purchased C.reserved D.booked19.A.similarly B.exactly C.particularly D.absolutely20.A.rights B.levels C.problems D.qualities21.A.finish B.visit C.attend D.establish22.A.empty B.separate C.available D.private23.A.basic B.full C.casual D.low24.A.takein B.getin C.comein D.givein25.A.pulled B.settled C.drove D.carried26A.requested B.guided C.stuck D.forced27.A.press B.system C.court D.media28.A.awarded B.returned C.owed D.handed29.A.measure B.victory C.position D.attempt30.A.belief B.challenge C.battle D.opportunity31.A.lookfor B.standupfor C.reachfor D.payfor32.A.appeared B.explained C.stated D.reported33.A.meaning B.charm C.value D.power34.A.putoff B.calledout C.resultedin D.appealedto35.A.fortune B.safety C.justice D.happiness【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.C20.A21.C22.B23.B24.D25.A26.D27.C28.A29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.D35.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文，記敘了艾達(dá)為爭取非裔美國人在權(quán)利上的平等，呼吁廢除種族隔離政策所作出的努力和貢獻(xiàn)。【16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：1884年五月的一天，21歲的艾達(dá)貝爾威爾斯登上一輛去往Woodstock的火車。A.operated操作，手術(shù)；B.boarded登機(jī)、登船、登車；C.accommodated住宿；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)Idasatinthefirst-class?？芍?1歲的艾達(dá)貝爾威爾斯登上一輛去往Woodstock的火車。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：艾達(dá)坐在女性頭等車廂里坐下，翻開她書閱覽。A.room房間；B.station車站；C.club俱樂部；D.coach沙發(fā)；教練，車廂。根據(jù)theothercarriage可知，艾達(dá)坐在女性頭等車廂里坐下。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：數(shù)分鐘以后，乘務(wù)員來收集乘客的車票。A.collected收集；B.purchased購買；C.reserved預(yù)留，保留；D.booked預(yù)訂。這里根據(jù)常識(shí)，乘務(wù)員來驗(yàn)票當(dāng)然要收集票據(jù)了。故選A。【19題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：在1884年非裔美國人，尤其是在美國南部，他們沒有和白人相同的權(quán)利。A.similarly相似地；B.exactly確切地；C.particularly特別地；D.absolutely絕對(duì)地。根據(jù)intheSouth文，可知，在1884年非裔美國人，尤其是在美國南部，他們沒有和白人相同的權(quán)利。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：同上。A.rights權(quán)利；B.levels水平；C.problems問題；D.qualities質(zhì)量。根據(jù)下文Theycouldnot6thesameschoolsandtheywereexpectedtositina(n)7railroadcarriage,onethatwasusuallydirtyandsmoke-filled,thoughtheywerecharged8fare.可知，他們沒有和白人相同的權(quán)利。故選A。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他們不能上同樣的學(xué)校讀書，而且，盡管他們購買的是全票，但他們被要求坐與白人隔離開的火車車廂，而那里通常骯臟不堪，煙霧彌漫。A.finish完成；B.visit參觀，訪問；C.attend上（學(xué)）；D.establish建立。根據(jù)thesameschools可知，他們不能上同樣的學(xué)校讀書。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：他們不能上同樣的學(xué)校讀書，而且，盡管他們購買的是全票，但他們被要求坐與白人隔離開的火車車廂，而那里通常骯臟不堪，煙霧彌漫。A.empty空的；B.separate分開的；隔離的；C.available可獲得的；D.private私有的，私人的。根據(jù)onethatwasusuallydirtyandsmoke-filled可知，他們被要求坐與白人隔離開的火車車廂。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：盡管他們購買的是全票。A.basic基礎(chǔ)的；B.full充滿的；C.casual隨意的；D.low低的。這里通過though轉(zhuǎn)折含義推出盡管如此，也……，而購買全票后應(yīng)該享受和白人一樣的權(quán)利的權(quán)利卻沒有了，所以才這樣用轉(zhuǎn)折詞表達(dá)。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：因?yàn)橹Ц读巳辟徺I頭等艙座椅，所以艾達(dá)拒絕屈服。A.takein欺騙；B.getin進(jìn)入；C.comein進(jìn)來；D.givein屈服。根據(jù)下文Thentheconductor,togetherwithtwootherrailroadmen,10Idafromherseat,tearinghersleeve，艾達(dá)沒有屈服。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：然后乘務(wù)員和另外兩個(gè)鐵路工作人員拉著艾達(dá)離開她的座位，撕扯著她的衣袖。A.pulled拉；B.settled解決；C.drove駕駛；D.carried攜帶。根據(jù)tearinghersleeve可知，乘務(wù)員和另外兩個(gè)鐵路工作人員拉著艾達(dá)離開她的座位。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：在艾達(dá)被強(qiáng)迫離開座位后，艾達(dá)起訴了Chesapeake和Ohio鐵路局。A.requested要求；B.guided指導(dǎo)；C.stuck困??；D.forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)前面艾達(dá)不肯屈服，是被拉起來離開座位的，所以推出她是被強(qiáng)迫離開座位的。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)法院審理案子時(shí)，法官判決挨艾達(dá)勝訴。A.press媒體，新聞機(jī)構(gòu)；B.system系統(tǒng)；C.court法院；D.media媒體。根據(jù)前面的Idasued(起訴）一詞可以推定是法院審理的案子。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：法官獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)艾達(dá)500美元以彌補(bǔ)她的損失。A.awarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.returned返還；C.owed擁有；D.handed傳遞。根據(jù)her500dollarsindamages可知，法官獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)艾達(dá)500美元以彌補(bǔ)她的損失。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：但是艾達(dá)的勝訴并沒有持續(xù)多久。A.measure度量，測(cè)量；B.victory勝利；C.position位置；D.attempt嘗試。根據(jù)下文Thistime,thevictorywenttotherailroad.這次勝訴給予了鐵路局。這里victory是關(guān)鍵詞。它直接告訴我們上次的是勝訴方艾達(dá)，而這次的勝訴方是鐵路局。故選B。【30題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：艾達(dá)在這次與鐵路局的戰(zhàn)斗中失敗了。A.belief信任，信仰；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.battle戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)役；D.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)，機(jī)遇。根據(jù)thevictory以及Afterlosing可知，艾達(dá)在這次與鐵路局的戰(zhàn)斗中失敗了。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：但這并沒有讓她喪失堅(jiān)決維護(hù)正義而戰(zhàn)斗的決心。A.lookfor尋找；B.standupfor堅(jiān)決維護(hù)；C.reachfor夠的目的是……D.payfor支付。根據(jù)Afterlosinghercase,Idawroteanarticleaboutit,which17inanumberofAfricanAmericannewspapers.Readersquicklyrecognizedthe18ofIda'swords.可知，但這并沒有讓她喪失堅(jiān)決維護(hù)正義而戰(zhàn)斗的決心。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：艾達(dá)寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章，而它大量出現(xiàn)在非裔美國人的報(bào)刊上。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.explained解釋；C.stated陳述；D.reported報(bào)道。根據(jù)Readersquicklyrecognizedthe18ofIda'swords.可知，艾達(dá)寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章，而它大量出現(xiàn)在非裔美國人的報(bào)刊上。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：讀者很開快就意識(shí)到艾達(dá)文字的力量。A.meaning意義；B.charm迷人；C.value價(jià)值；D.power權(quán)力，能力。讀者很開快就意識(shí)到艾達(dá)文字的力量。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：1913年，艾達(dá)來到華盛頓成為了一名記者。在那里她成為了一名民族權(quán)力平等聯(lián)合會(huì)的一名代表。該聯(lián)合會(huì)呼吁總統(tǒng)WoodrowWilson結(jié)束種族隔離政策。A.putoff放下；B.calledout呼喊出；C.resultedin結(jié)果導(dǎo)致；D.appealedto吸引，呼吁。宗族隔離政策是民眾自上而下的要求，這里應(yīng)該是呼吁總統(tǒng)結(jié)束種族隔離政策。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：艾達(dá)沒有活著看到種族隔離的結(jié)束，但她確實(shí)在為所有人爭取公正方面起到了帶頭作用。A.fortune幸運(yùn)；B.safety安全；C.justice公平；D.happiness幸福。種族隔離政策的廢除本身就是廢除權(quán)利不平等，不公平的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。所以她確實(shí)在為所有人爭取公正方面起到了帶頭作用。故選C。第II卷第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.ThehistoricaldramaSerenadeofPeacefulJoyhasbeenatrendingtopicsinceit___36___（release)onApril7.Ithasattractedalmost7.5billionviewsandover190,000commentsonSinaWeibobyMay5.Theshowisan____37____（adapt)fromthenovelHeldintheLonelyCastlewrittenin2022byMilanLady,with____38____（vary)editionspublishedsince2022.ThestoryfollowsEmperorRenzong,___39___（play)byWangKai,oftheSongDynasty(960-1279)ashestruggles____40____maintaininghisideologiesofgoverningthecountryandhisloveforhisdaughter,PrincessHuirou.Thefour-decadereignofEmperorRenzong,from1022to1063,____41____（mark)thehighpointofSongDynasty'spowershasgreatinfluencesonChinesehistory.Manyofthebest-known____42____（write)inChinesehistorylivedduringthisperiod,someof___43___includingSuShi,WangAnshiandFanZhongyanarefeaturedintheseries.Afewdaysafteritspremiere(首映），____44____showishighlypraisedforitsoutstandingprops,costumes,make-upandwriting,which_____45_____（accurate)portrayedthefeaturesoftheSongDynasty.【答案】36.wasreleased37.adaption/adaptation38.various39.played40.between41.marking42.writers43.whom44.the45.accurately【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了由小說《孤獨(dú)的城堡》改編的歷史劇《平和歡樂的小夜曲》在首映后，廣泛受到好評(píng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自4月7日發(fā)行以來，這部歷史劇《平和歡樂的小夜曲》一直是熱門話題。截止到5月5日，它在新浪微博上已經(jīng)吸引了近75億的瀏覽量和超過19萬的評(píng)論?？崭袂啊啊環(huán)asbeenatrendingtopic”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語可以為since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過去的動(dòng)作，由此可知空格處要用一般過去時(shí)，通過分析可知it與release為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要填一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故答案為wasreleased?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這部劇是根據(jù)米蘭女士2022年寫的小說《孤獨(dú)的城堡》改編的。空格前為冠詞an，可知空格處要填一個(gè)名詞，adapt的名詞形式既可以是adaption，也可以是adaptation，故答案為adaption/adaptation?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：自2022年以來出現(xiàn)了各種各樣的版本。空格后的editions是名詞，故前面需要一個(gè)形容詞來修飾，所以答案為various。【39題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。空格前是一個(gè)完整的句子，但以逗號(hào)結(jié)尾，由此可知空格處要填非謂語動(dòng)詞，EmperorRenzong與play（扮演）是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空格處填過去分詞，故答案為played。40題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在此期間，他掙扎在維護(hù)自己的治國理念和愛自己的女兒慧柔公主之間?？崭裉帥]有提示詞，一般填冠詞、代詞、介詞。根據(jù)空格后半句中的and,聯(lián)想到介詞between，between…and.意為：在......之間，再結(jié)合句意，可知答案為between?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：從1022年到1063年，仁宗四十年的統(tǒng)治，標(biāo)志著宋朝實(shí)力的高峰，對(duì)中國歷史產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知has之前的部分為句子的主語，主語一般由名詞、動(dòng)名詞、代詞充當(dāng)，故答案為mark的動(dòng)名詞形式marking?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：中國歷史上許多著名的作家都生活在這個(gè)時(shí)期?？崭袂暗腷est-known是一個(gè)形容詞，