蘭卡水廠錨桿施工專項方案(中英修改版)9-19

斯里蘭卡阿塔納水廠場平工程錨桿分項工程Sub-EngineeringofAnchorforSiteLevelingSpecificMethodStatement專項施工方案編制：PreparedBy:審核：ReviewedBy:批準(zhǔn)：ApprovedBy:CMEC公司斯里蘭卡阿塔納水廠項目部Gampaha,Attanagalla&MinuwangodaIntegratedWaterSupplyScheme編制時間:2017年09月09日PreparationDate:September9th,2017目錄ContentsTOC\o"1-2"\h\z\u第一節(jié)、編制依據(jù)01=1\*ROMANI.PreparationBasis、施工步驟03=2\*ROMANII.ConstructionArrangement一）、施工步驟031.ConstructionArrangement二）、勞動力組織安排032．ManpowerPlan三）、機械設(shè)備配置043.MechanicalEquipmentPreparation四）、主要儀器設(shè)備054.MainInstrumentandEquipment第三節(jié)、錨桿主要施工方法06=3\*ROMANIIIMainConstructionMethodofAnchor一）、總體方案061.OverallScheme二）、施工準(zhǔn)備082.ConstructionPreparation三）、錨桿成孔工藝093.Bore-formingProcessofAnchor第四節(jié)、施工進(jìn)度計劃26=4\*ROMANIVConstructionProgressSchedule附圖一、質(zhì)量保證機構(gòu)框架圖32AttachedFigure-1FrameChartofQualityAssuranceOrganization附圖二、安全保證機構(gòu)框架圖33AttachedFigure-2FrameChartofSafetyAssuranceOrganization、編制依據(jù)=1\*ROMANI.PreparationBasis阿塔納水廠工程招標(biāo)文件中關(guān)于場地平整的相關(guān)內(nèi)容及相關(guān)技術(shù)條款。1.TherelevantcontentsandrelatedtechnicaltermsaboutSitePreparationincludedintheBiddingDocumentofGampaha,Attanagalla&MinuwangodaIntegratedWaterSupplyScheme.阿塔納水廠工程場地平整設(shè)計施圖、圖說（送審版）。2.SitePreparationDrawingsandDesignDescriptionoftheSitePreparationofGampaha,Attanagalla&MinuwangodaIntegratedWaterSupplyScheme.(ApprovalVersion)阿塔納水廠工程地質(zhì)勘探報告及實地考察施工現(xiàn)場周邊環(huán)境情況。3.ReportofGeologicalEngineeringExplorationforproposedWaterTreatmentPlantandon-the-spotinvestigationforthesurroundingenvironmentofsaidconstructionsite.4、中國現(xiàn)行國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、施工技術(shù)規(guī)范、規(guī)程、質(zhì)量檢驗評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及驗收方法、安全檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及技術(shù)規(guī)程、文明施工要求等。4.CurrentnationalstandardsinChina,technicalspecifications,procedures,qualityinspection,evaluationstandardsaswellasacceptancemethodsofconstruction,safetyinspectionstandardsandtechnicalregulations,civilizedconstructionrequirements,etc.《巖土錨桿與噴射混凝土支護(hù)工程技術(shù)規(guī)范》GB50086-2015TechnicalCodeforEngineeringofGroundAnchoragesandShotcreteSupportGB50086-2015《預(yù)應(yīng)力筋用錨具、夾具和連接器》GBT14370-2015Anchor,GripandCouplerforPrestressedTendonsGBT14370-2015《施工現(xiàn)場臨時用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ46-2005TechnicalCodeforSafetyofTemporaryElectrificationonConstructionSiteJGJ46-2005、施工步驟=2\*ROMANII.ConstructionArrangement施工步驟1.ConstructionArrangement主要施工內(nèi)容有：施工準(zhǔn)備、錨桿孔定位及鉆孔(含不良地質(zhì)段固結(jié)灌漿處理)、錨桿加工編制、清孔下錨、錨固段注漿（含二次劈裂注漿）、錨桿腰梁及錨斜托澆筑、錨桿張拉、補充注漿及封錨等工作。Themainconstructioncontentsinclude:constructionpreparation,anchorholepositioninganddrilling(includingconsolidationgroutingtreatmentforpoorgeologicalsection),anchorprocessingpreparation,holecleaningandanchoring,groutingforanchoragesection(includingsecondarysplittinggrouting),concretepouringforintermediatebeamofanchorandanchorinclinedsupporting,anchortension,supplementarygroutingandanchorsealwork,etc.勞動力組織安排2.ManpowerPlan（1）根據(jù)工程的特點及施工組織設(shè)計的要求配備勞動定員及設(shè)置施工組織機構(gòu),主要勞動力組織見下表：（1）Asperthisprojectcharacteristicandrequirementofconstructionorganizationdesigntoarrangeworkersandsetupconstructionorganization.Mainmanpowerasfollows:序號S/N工種Position人數(shù)Qty主要工作內(nèi)容MainWorkContent1施工員Engineer5負(fù)責(zé)測量放線、施工指導(dǎo)及質(zhì)量控制Measureandsettingout,constructionguidanceandqualitycontrol2鉆機司機Drillingrigdriver2錨固鉆機操作Operateanchoragedrillingrig3砂漿攪拌工Mortarmixworker2攪拌桶操作Mixbucketoperation4錨索工Anchorcableworker4負(fù)責(zé)錨索安裝Anchorcableinstallation5綜合輔助工Comprehensiveassistantworker8負(fù)責(zé)輔助作業(yè)Normalwork6電工Electrician2負(fù)責(zé)施工中涉電作業(yè)Electricityoperation7鋼筋工Steelbarworker8負(fù)責(zé)鋼筋制作、綁扎、安裝作業(yè)Steelbarfabrication,bindingandinstallation8模板工Formworker13負(fù)責(zé)模板制作、安裝、加固作業(yè)Formworkfabrication,installationandstrengthening錨桿施工組織機構(gòu)：(2)Constructionorganizationofanchor:現(xiàn)場技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人：劉濤；生產(chǎn)負(fù)責(zé)人：胡延輝；Sitetechnicalincharge:LiuTaoSiteengineer:HuYanhui專職質(zhì)量檢查：李慶東；Specialqualityinspector:LiQingdong3、主要機械設(shè)備3.MainMechanicalEquipment預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿施工進(jìn)場的主要機械設(shè)備如表1所示Themainmechanicalequipmentpreparedforprestressedanchorconstructionareshowninfigure-1below.表1錨桿施工配備機械設(shè)備表Figure-1MechanicalEquipmentListforAnchorConstruction機械名稱EquipmentName規(guī)格型號SpecificationandModel數(shù)量Qty備注Note錨固鉆機Anchoragedrillingrig優(yōu)博林868型Youbolin（Type868）2臺2nos.注漿設(shè)備GroutingequipmentBLW-130型攪漿桶MortarmixingbucketwithtypeBLW-1302套2sets含不良地質(zhì)段處理Includingthetreatmentforpoorgeologicalsection空壓機Aircompressor12m3柴油12m3Diesel1套1set備用Standby發(fā)電機Generator250KW2套2sets備用Standby泥漿泵MudpumpBW1501套1set雙作用空心千斤頂DoubleactinghollowjackRRH--6065套5sets混凝土施工設(shè)備Concreteconstructionequipment3套3sets材料運輸車Transportvehicleformaterial5T2輛2nos.其他設(shè)備Otherequipment據(jù)需要配置Preparedasperneeds錨桿輔助施工Aidedanchorconstruction木工圓盤鋸Woodworkingcircularsaw380V、7.5KW1臺1set模板制作Formworkfabrication鋼筋斷鋼機Steelbarcuttingmachine380V、3.8KW1臺1set鋼筋加工Steelbarprocess鋼筋切割機Steelbarcutter380V、2.5KW1臺1set鋼筋加工Steelbarprocess鋼筋彎箍機Steelbarbender380V、3.8KW1臺1set鋼筋加工Steelbarprocess電焊機Electricweldingmachine380V、3.8KW1臺1set鋼筋加工Steelbarprocess木工手提圓盤鋸Woodworkingportablecircularsaw220V.1.5KW8臺8nos.模板加工Formworkprocess4、主要儀器設(shè)備4.MainInstrumentsandEquipment預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿施工配備的主要儀器如表2所示InstrumentsListforanchorconstructionareshowninfigure-2below表2主要測量、試驗、質(zhì)檢、監(jiān)測儀器設(shè)備表MainInstrumentsforMeasurement,Test,QualityInspectionandMonitoringList序號NO.設(shè)備名稱InstrumentName廠牌及規(guī)格型號Brand,SpecificationandModel數(shù)量Qty備注Note1全站儀TotalStationSET230RK、NTS302R+1錨孔定位Anchorholepositioning2水準(zhǔn)儀WaterLevelC32II、DSZ21350m鋼尺SteelTape(50m)34磨光機PolishingMachine25試樣切割機SampleCuttingMachine16砂漿稠度儀MortarConsistometer17電動重型擊實儀ElectricHeavyCompactionApparatus電動electrictype18其它儀器OtherInstrument根據(jù)需要配置Preparedasperneeds第三節(jié)錨桿主要施工方法=3\*ROMANIII.MainConstructionMethodofAnchor、總體方案1.OverallScheme錨桿施工與邊坡開挖施工同步進(jìn)行，上層邊坡支護(hù)施工完成，開挖至預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿施工位置后，及時組織進(jìn)行腰梁及預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿施工，完成邊坡防護(hù)，減少邊坡暴露時間。Theanchorconstructionshallbeperformedsimultaneouslywiththeslopeexcavation.Afterthecompletionofsupportingconstructionofupperslope,excavatingtotheconstructionlocationofprestressedanchor,thencarryingouttheconstructionofintermediatebeamandprestressedanchorandfinishingsupportingworkforslopeinordertoreduceexposuretimeofslope.、準(zhǔn)備工作：機具配備質(zhì)量和數(shù)量，人員配置數(shù)量和結(jié)構(gòu)等必須與預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿施工相適應(yīng)，滿足施工需要；完成原材料進(jìn)場及試驗檢測；完成施工技術(shù)方案、開工報告等技術(shù)資料的編寫、上報和審批，技術(shù)交底資料的下發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)，原材料送檢、報批手續(xù)及資料收集。1).PreparationWork:Thequalityandquantityofequipmentpreparationtogetherwiththequantityandstructureofhumanresourcearrangementmustbecompatiblewiththeconstructionofprestressedanchortomeettheconstructionneeds;Completingtheapproachandtestofrawmaterials;Completingthepreparation,submittingandapprovalofrelatedtechnicaldocumentsincludingconstructionprogramandconstructionstartingreport,etc;Issuingtechnicalinformationtostaffforstudy;Conductingrawmaterialsinspection,approvalproceduresanddatacollection.、錨桿施工順序：錨桿施工按從上到下（可根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況適當(dāng)調(diào)整）分序加密的原則進(jìn)行施工。錨桿施工平面布置詳見附圖（一）（以從上至下為例）所示，然后及時進(jìn)行后續(xù)各工序的施工。2).ConstructionSequenceofAnchor:Theanchorconstructionshallbeconductedfromthetoptothebottom(someproperadjustmentcanbemadeaccordingtotheactualsituation)undertheprincipleofsequenceanddenseness.Groutleakingbetweenanchorholesshallbeavoidedinordertopreventtheseriousimpactonconstructioneffect.SeeAttachment1fordetailedPlanofAnchorArrangement(taketheconstructionorderfromthetoptothebottomasexample).Thefollowingvariousconstructionworkshallbecarriedouttimely.、施工準(zhǔn)備2.ConstructionPreparation2.1、錨桿的簡述2.1BriefIntroductionofAnchor2.1.1、錨桿長度：15.0～20.0m，錨桿錨固長度5～8m,以進(jìn)入原混凝土基礎(chǔ)頂向下不少于1.0m控制。2.1.1.Lengthofanchor:itslengthshallbe15.0～20.0mandtheanchoragelengthshallbe5～8m.Thedepththattheanchorhackedintotheoriginalconcretefoundationshallbenotlessthan1m.2.1.2、錨桿入射角度：25度2.1.2InjectionDegree:25degree2.1.3、錨桿直徑：150mm2.1.3Diameterofanchor:150mm2.1.4、錨桿：采用鋼絞線￠s17.8-1860執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T5224-2014，錨桿規(guī)格采用絞線3￠s17.8-1860、絞線2￠s17.8-1860；沿錨桿長度每隔2000mm，采用Φ48*3.5mm鋼管制作定位隔離支架；2.1.4Anchor:Thesteelstrandwiththespecificationandmodelof￠s17.8-1860shallbeselectedinlinewiththeoperativenormofGB/T5224-2014.Thespecificationofanchorhastwotypesincluding3￠s17.8-1860and2￠s17.8-1860.ThesteelpipewithΦ48*3.5mmshallbeusedtomakepositioningisolationstentalongthelengthofanchorevery@2000mm.2.1.5、錨具：錨具（M17-2,2孔）≥設(shè)計值340KN，與鋼絞線2￠s17.8-1860配套，錨具（M17-3,3孔）≥設(shè)計值380KN，與鋼絞線3￠s17.8-1860配套，執(zhí)行規(guī)范GB50086-2015。2.1.5Anchorage:ThedesignedstrengthofM17-2anchoragewith2holesshallbeequalormorethan340KNwhichmatchwiththatsteelstrandwith2￠s17.8-1860;ThedesignedstrengthofM17-3anchoragewith3holesshallbeequalormorethan380KNwhichmatchwiththatsteelstrandwith3￠s17.8-1860.TwotypesanchoragesshallconformtotheoperativenormofGB50086-20、錨板：錨板尺寸300*300*25(mm)，錨板中間圓孔尺寸根據(jù)錨具圓孔確定（錨具3孔），墊板的圓孔外徑等于錨具圓孔外邊距；錨板尺寸300*300*25(mm)，錨板中間圓孔尺寸根據(jù)錨具圓孔確定（錨具2孔），墊板的圓孔外徑等于錨具圓孔外邊距。執(zhí)行規(guī)范GB50086-20152.1.6Anchorplate:Thesizeofanchorplateshallbe300*300*25(mm).Thesizeofroundholelocatedatthecenterofanchorplateshallbedeterminedaccordingtotheroundholeofanchorage(with3holes).Theexternaldiameterofroundholeforinsertedplateshallbeequaltodimensionofthemarginofanchorage.Thesizeofanchorplateshallbe300*300*25(mm).Thesizeofroundholelocatedatthecenterofanchorplateshallbedeterminedaccordingtotheroundholeofanchorage(with2holes).Theexternaldiameterofroundholeforinsertedplateshallbeequaltodimensionofthemarginofanchorage.ThestandardofGB50086-2015

shallbecompliedwith.2.1.7、錨桿抗拔：待腰梁施工完畢立即進(jìn)行養(yǎng)護(hù)，且腰梁、錨桿混凝土強度達(dá)到80%后才能進(jìn)行錨桿抗拔實驗檢測；2.1.7Tensiletestingofanchor:Thecuringworkshallbecarriedoutatonceafterthecompletionofintermediatebeamconstructionandthetensiletestingofanchorcouldbeconductedaftertheconcretestrengthofintermediatebeamaswellasanchorupto80%.錨桿檢測實驗按下列規(guī)范進(jìn)行：Theanchortestshallbeperformedconformingtothefollowingstandards:、錨桿成孔工藝3.Bore-formingProcessofAnchor錨桿施工工藝流程圖：AnchoringConstructionProcessFlowChart3.1、技術(shù)參數(shù)：3.1TechnicalParameters:在土方開挖或回填施工的同時，留設(shè)錨桿工作面（錨位以下500mm）。預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿采用風(fēng)動潛孔錘施工工藝，錨桿長度15～20m,錨桿錨固長度約5-8m。Reserveanchorworkingarea(500mmbelowanchoringpoint)whileexcavatingorbackfillingofearthwork.Air-drivendown-holehammerconstructiontechnologyshallbeadoptedforprestressedanchorwhoselengthis15-20mandanchoragelengthisabout5-8m.3.2、風(fēng)動潛孔錘施工方法3.2.Air-drivenDown-holeHammerConstructionMethod3.2.1、根據(jù)設(shè)計圖紙要求，測量人員測定錨桿孔的孔位，打入標(biāo)樁，注明錨孔編號（詳見附圖一、二、三）。鉆機安裝好后，進(jìn)行全面質(zhì)量檢查，檢查鉆機方位、傾角、水平度和開孔鉆頭落點差。檢查合格后再進(jìn)行施工。3.2.1Accordingtorequirementofdrawing,surveyorsmeasureanddeterminethelocationofanchoragehole,hammereditintotherelevantpileandindicateserialnumberoftheanchorhole(seeAttachment1,2,3).Aftercompletingthedrillmachineinstallation,overallqualityinspectionshallbeperformedforposition,inclinationandlevelnessofthedrillandplacementdifferenceofopeningbit.Constructionshallbecontinuedaftertheinspectionispassed.3.2.2、錨孔采用風(fēng)動潛孔錘鉆孔施工，能有效地避免沖刷坡體，施工速度快。錨桿孔施工選用優(yōu)博林868型錨固鉆機，錨孔直徑約φ150mm，設(shè)計錨孔深度為5-8m，與水平夾角25度成孔。3.2.2Adoptair-drivendown-holehammerforanchorholeconstructiontoeffectivelyavoidtheerosionoftheslope.Fastentheconstructionspeed.Adopttype868Youbolinanchoragedrillingrigforanchorholeconstruction.Thediameteroftheanchorholeisaboutφ150mm,thedesigneddepthoftheanchorholeis5-8m,25degreebore-formingwithhorizontalangle.3.2.3、錨孔鉆孔技術(shù)參數(shù)根據(jù)所鉆部位孔內(nèi)地層情況確定。3.2.3Thetechnicalparameterofanchorholeisbasedonthegeologicalconditionofthedrilledlocation.3.2.4、鉆壓：鉆孔過程中，鉆壓保持平穩(wěn)，不得隨意增減壓力。3.2.4Drillingpressure:keepstablepressureduringdrillinganddon’tchangethepressurerandomly.3.2.5、轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)：正常鉆孔中，保持中等轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)。松散土層及破碎巖石中采用低轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)，完整基巖中鉆孔中適當(dāng)提高轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)。3.2.5Revolvingspeed:keepmediumspeedinnormaldrillingproceed.Keeplowspeedfortheloosesoilandbrokenrock.Appropriatelyimprovethespeedforunbrokenbedrock.3.2.6、鉆孔過程中，隨時保證孔內(nèi)排渣暢通，及時排出孔內(nèi)巖渣。3.2.6Duringthedrillingproceed,removetheresiduetimelyandkeeptheinsideholesmooth.3.3、主要施工方法：3.3MainConstructionMethods3.3.1、坡面修整3.3.1CleanSurfaceofSlope錨桿施工前，首先用人工及時按照從上而下分層修坡。開挖至灌注樁樁身邊緣時，每層開挖高度為錨桿上下橫梁間距大小，嚴(yán)格控制超挖，直至開挖至下級平臺，然后再開挖腰梁基礎(chǔ)并施作錨桿。完成每層坡面開挖后，若為土質(zhì)坡，及時用彩條布覆蓋，防止雨水沖刷邊坡。Beforeanchorconstruction,arrangemanpowertomodifytheslopesurfacetimelyfromtoptobottomlayerbylayer.Whenexcavatedtoedgeofthefillingpilebody,excavationheightofeachlayerisequaltothespacingbetweenintermediatebeams.Overexcavationisstrictlycontrolled.Intermediatebeamfoundationcanbeexcavateduntilexcavatingtothenextterrace,andcarryouttheanchorworking.Aftereachslopeexcavationcompleted,ifoccurredsoilslope,itshallbecoveredbytarpaulintoavoiderosionbyrain.3.3.2、施作錨孔3.3.2AnchorHoleDrilling錨孔在腰梁基礎(chǔ)開挖完成，并經(jīng)坡面地質(zhì)條件確定能滿足錨桿施工要求后進(jìn)行。Anchorholeshallbedrilledaftercompletingfoundationexcavationofintermediatebeamandensuringthatgeologicalconditionofslopecanmeettherequirementofanchorconstruction.3.3.3、錨孔測放3.3.3AnchorHoleMeasureandSettingout根據(jù)實際坡面，先按設(shè)計布置要求，將錨孔位置準(zhǔn)確測放在坡面上，并用紅油漆在現(xiàn)場施工部位標(biāo)明錨桿開孔位置（詳見附圖一）。如遇坡面不平順或特殊困難場地時，須經(jīng)設(shè)計單位認(rèn)可，在確保坡體穩(wěn)定和結(jié)構(gòu)安全的前提下，適當(dāng)調(diào)整錨孔定位。對測放并驗收合格的錨孔位置進(jìn)行編號，并用油漆標(biāo)示在現(xiàn)場坡面上，該編號作為錨桿制作編號的依據(jù)。Basedonexistingslopesurface,positionofanchorholeshallbemeasuredandsetoutexactlyandmarkedbyredpaintattheconstructionpointaccordingtodesignedarrangement(seeAttachment1fordetails).Ifunevenslopesurfaceorspecialgeologicalconditionoccurred,adjustpositionofanchorappropriatelyonpremiseofgettingapprovalfromdesignunitandensuringstabilityoftheslopeandsafetyofthestructure.Positionofanchorholeswhichhavebeenmeasured,setoutandverifiedshallbenumberedandmarkedontheslopesurfacewithpaint.Theserialnumbershallberegardedasanchoragemakingevidence.3.3.4、鉆孔設(shè)備3.3.4DrillingEquipment為提高鉆孔效率和保證鉆孔質(zhì)量，鉆孔機具采用優(yōu)博林868型錨固鉆機，潛孔沖擊成孔。Inordertoimprovedrillingefficiencyandguaranteedrillingquality,type868Youbolinanchoragedrillingrigshallbeadoptedtodrill.3.3.5鉆機就位3.3.5PositionofDrillingMachine根據(jù)坡面準(zhǔn)確測放錨桿孔位，準(zhǔn)確安裝固定鉆機，并嚴(yán)格認(rèn)真進(jìn)行機位調(diào)整，確保錨孔開鉆就位縱橫誤差、高程誤差、鉆孔傾角和方向、方位符合中國規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Exactlymeasureandsetouttheanchoragepositionaccordingtoslope,accuratelyfixdrillingmachineandstrictlyadjustthemachine’spositiontoensurethedeviationinverticalandhorizontaldirectionandelevationconformtoChinesestandard.EnsurethedrillingangleanddirectioninaccordancewithChinesestandard.=1\*GB3①、鉆孔方式=1\*GB3①DrillingMethods錨孔鉆孔采用干鉆，以確保錨固工程施工不至于惡化邊坡巖土工程地質(zhì)條件和保證孔壁的粘結(jié)性能，難以鉆孔時方可采用水鉆。Adoptdrydrillingmethodtoensurethatanchorageconstructionwillnotdeterioratethegeologicalconditionoftheslopeandguaranteetheadhesivepropertyoftheholewall.Waterdrillingmethodshallbeadoptedonlywhenitishardtodrill.=2\*GB3②、鉆孔工藝=2\*GB3②DrillingProcess錨桿鉆孔施工要加強鉆機的導(dǎo)向作用，及時檢測孔斜誤差，合理采用糾偏措施，確保錨桿鉆孔滿足設(shè)計及規(guī)范要求。鉆孔過程中對每個孔的地層變化，鉆孔狀態(tài)(鉆壓、鉆速)、地下水及一些特殊情況作好現(xiàn)場施工記錄。如遇地質(zhì)情況與地勘報告不符出現(xiàn)不良鉆孔現(xiàn)象時，須立即停鉆，及時進(jìn)行孔道固壁灌漿處理(灌漿壓力0.1～0.2MPa)，待水泥砂漿初凝后，重新掃孔鉆孔。Strengthenguideroleofdrillingmachineduringtheanchorholedrilling,checkdeviationerrorofholetimelyandadoptreasonablecorrectivemeasuretoensureanchorholemeetingdesignrequirementsandspecification.Thestratumchange,drillingstatus(drillingpressureandspeed),groundwaterandsomespecialcircumstancesduringthedrillingworkshallberecordedinsite.Ifgeologicalconditionsarenotmatchedwithgeologicalreportwhichcausingundesirabledrilling,stopthedrillingimmediately.Groutingforbracedholewall(groutingpressureas0.1～0.2MPa)shallbecarriedouttimely.Afterinitialsettingofcementmortar,cleantheholeandrestartthedrillingwork.滲水及塌孔的處理a.TreatmentofWaterSeepageandHoleCollapsing孔內(nèi)有滲水時，在鉆孔過程中或鉆孔結(jié)束后吹孔時，從孔中吹出的都是一些小石粒和團粒而無粉塵，巖粉多貼附于孔壁。當(dāng)錨孔深度已滿足要求，則以高壓風(fēng)吹凈，直至吹出清水。Duringdrillingorblowingholeafterdrilling,gravelandaggregatewithoutdustareblewoutfromholesifwaterseepageoccurredinhole,androckpowdergenerallyisattachedtoholewall.Whenthedepthofanchorholehasmettherequirements,blowtheholewithhigh-pressureairuntilwaterisblewout.塌孔、卡鉆的處理b.TreatmentforHoleCollapsingandDrillSticking當(dāng)鉆孔穿越強風(fēng)化巖層或巖體破碎帶時，往往發(fā)生塌孔。出現(xiàn)此類現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行固壁注漿，注漿壓力采用0.5Mpa，漿液為水泥砂漿,24h后重新鉆孔。雨天施工時，常常順巖體破碎帶向孔內(nèi)滲流泥漿,固壁注漿前，必須用水和風(fēng)把泥漿洗出(塌入鉆孔內(nèi)的石塊不必清除)。Whendrilledweatheredrockandfracturerockzone,holecollapsingfrequently

occurred.Groutingforbracedwallbycementmortarwith0.5Mpaofgroutingpressureshallbeadoptedforthiskindofsituation.Drillingworkshallberestartedafter24hours.Mudoftenseepintoholealongfracturerockzoneduringworktimeinrainydays.Beforegroutingforbracedwall,mudmustbecleanedbywaterandair(noneedtoremovegravelwhichseepedintothehole)=3\*GB3③、孔徑、孔深=3\*GB3③DiameterandDepthofHole鉆孔孔徑、孔深要求不得小于設(shè)計值（設(shè)計孔徑150mm，孔深15～20m）。為確保錨孔直徑，要求實際使用鉆頭直徑不得小于設(shè)計孔徑。為確保錨孔深度，要求實際鉆孔深度大于設(shè)計深度0.2m以上，但不宜超出0.3m，當(dāng)遇特殊地質(zhì)情況時，可適當(dāng)增加超鉆深度，但不可超過500mm。Drillingdiameteranddepthshallnotlessthandesignedvalue(designholediameteris150mm,holedepthis15～20m).Inordertoensureanchorholediameter,theactualdiameterofdrillbitshallnotlessthandesignholediameter.Inordertoensureanchorholedepth,theactualdrillingdepthshallbemorethan0.2mofthedesigndepthbutnotexceed0.3m.However,incaseofspecialgeologicalcondition,drillingdepthmaybeincreasedappropriatelybutshallnotmorethan500mm.=4\*GB3④、錨孔清理=4\*GB3④CleanAnchorHole鉆孔達(dá)到設(shè)計深度后，不能立即停鉆，要求穩(wěn)鉆1～2分鐘，防止孔底緊縮、達(dá)不到設(shè)計孔徑。鉆孔孔壁不得有沉碴及水體粘滯，必須清理干凈，在鉆孔完成后，使用高壓風(fēng)(風(fēng)壓0.2～0.4MPa)將孔內(nèi)巖粉及水體全部清除出孔外。除相對堅硬完整的巖體錨固外，余均不得采用高壓水沖洗錨孔。若遇錨孔中有承壓水流出，待水壓、水量變小后方可安裝錨桿與注漿，必要時在周圍適當(dāng)部位設(shè)置排水孔處理。如果要求處理錨孔內(nèi)部積聚水體，一般采用灌漿封堵二次鉆孔等方法處理。Afterdrillingtodesigneddepth,drillingworkcannotbestoppedimmediatelyandkeepdrilling1-2mimutestoavoidinsufficientsizeofholeandnotuptothedesignedholediameter.Anydregsandwatercannotbeattachedonholewallandmustbecleanedoutofhole.Afterdrilling,blowtherockpowderandwateroutfromholewithhigh-pressureair(0.2～0.4MPa).Exceptforanchorageofintegrityandhardrock,therestanchorholescannotbewashedbyhigh-pressurewater.Iftheconfinedwaterflewfromanchorhole,anchorageandgroutingcouldbecarriedoutafterwaterpressureandvolumereduced,andsetupdrainageholeinsuitableplaceifnecessary.Ifitisrequiredtodealwithimpoundedwaterinanchorhole,groutingclosureandsecondarydrillingwillbeadopted.=5\*GB3⑤、錨孔檢驗=5\*GB3⑤AnchorHoleTest錨孔鉆孔結(jié)束后，須經(jīng)CMEC工程師檢驗合格后，方可進(jìn)行下道工序。孔徑、孔深檢測采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鉆桿在CMEC工程師旁站下進(jìn)行，要求驗孔過程中鉆頭平順推進(jìn)，不產(chǎn)生沖擊或抖動，鉆具驗送長度滿足設(shè)計錨孔深度，退鉆要求順暢，用高壓風(fēng)吹驗不存明顯飛濺塵碴及水體現(xiàn)象。然后用一根聚乙烯管復(fù)核孔深，并以高壓風(fēng)吹孔，待孔內(nèi)粉塵吹干凈，且孔深不少于錨桿設(shè)計長度時，拔出聚乙烯管，以織物或水泥袋塞好保護(hù)錨孔口待用。同時要求復(fù)查錨孔孔位、傾角和方位，全部錨孔施工分項工作合格后，即可認(rèn)為錨孔鉆造檢驗合格。錨孔檢驗項目允許偏差符合規(guī)范要求。Aftercompletionofdrillingwork,thenextprocedurecouldbecontinuedonlyafterinspectedandqualifiedacceptedbyCMECengineer.InspectionforholediameteranddepthshallbecarriedoutwithstandarddrillrodswiththewitnessofCMECengineer.Drillshallbepropelledsmoothlywithoutanyimpactandvibrationduringinspectionprocess;lengthofdrillingtoolshallmeetdesigneddepthofanchorhole.Drawingbackofdrillshallbecarriedoutsmoothly.Checkingwithhigh-pressureairblowingandnoanyobviousdustandwatershallbefound.Afterblowingupthedustinholeandthedepthofholeisnotlessthandesignedlengthofanchorage,polyethylenepipeshallbepulledoutandholeshallbecoveredbyfabricorcementbags.Position,inclinationanddirectionofanchorholeshallberecheckedatthesametime.Anchorholedrillingisregardedaspassedinspectionwhenalltheanchorholeconstructionworkitemisqualified.Allowabledeviationofanchorholeinspectionshallmeetthespecificationrequirements.3.4、鉆孔質(zhì)量保證3.4DrillingQualityAssurance嚴(yán)格掌握鉆孔的方位，調(diào)正鉆桿，符合設(shè)計的水平傾角，并保證鉆桿的水平投影垂直于坑壁，經(jīng)檢查無誤后方可鉆孔。Strictlycontrolthepositionofhole,adjustdrillpoletomeetthedesignedhorizontalangleandguaranteethathorizontalprojectionofdrillpoleisperpendiculartopitwall.Aftergetqualifiedinspectioncancontinuetodrill.鉆孔時應(yīng)根據(jù)工程地質(zhì)情況，控制鉆孔速度。遇到障礙物或異常情況應(yīng)及時停鉆，待情況清楚后再鉆孔或采取相應(yīng)措施。鉆孔深度大于錨桿設(shè)計長度200mm。Controldrillingspeedaccordingtogeologicalcondition.Drillingworkshallbestoppedintimewhentheobstaclesorabnormalconditionsoccurredandtakecorrespondingmeasuresassoonaspossibleafterchecking.Drillingdepthis200mmgreaterthanthedesignedanchorlength.3.5、錨桿采購及安裝3.5AnchorPurchaseandInstallation預(yù)應(yīng)力錨桿體由腰梁、自由段、錨固段和安全段四部分組成。采用壓力分散型錨桿，鋼絞線采用￠s17.8mm高強度低松弛預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼絞線。鋼絞線沿錨桿體軸線方向每隔2m設(shè)置一道架線環(huán)，保證錨桿體保護(hù)層厚度不小于2cm。錨桿體采用人工安裝，安裝前，認(rèn)真核對錨孔編號，確認(rèn)無誤后再用高壓風(fēng)吹孔，緩緩將錨桿體放入孔內(nèi)，用鋼尺量出孔外露出的鋼絞線長度，計算孔內(nèi)錨桿長度(誤差控制在50mm范圍內(nèi))，確保錨固長度。Prestressedanchorismadeupofintermediatebeam,freesegment,anchoragesectionandsafetysection.Adoptpressure-dispersedanchor.￠s17.8mmhighstrengthlowrelaxationprestressedsteelstrandshallbeused.Thesteelstrandisprovidedwithawireloopevery2malongtheaxisoftheanchor

toensuretheprotectivelayerthicknessofanchorbodyisnotlessthan2cm.Manpowershallbeadoptedforanchorbodyinstallation.Itshallbecheckedseriouslyforanchorholeserialnumberbeforeinstallation.Thenusehigh-pressureairtoblowtheholeafterconfirmed.Slowlyputtheanchorbodyintohole,usesteeltapetomeasurethesteelstrandlengthoutsidetheholeandcalculatetheinsideholeanchorlength(deviationcontrolledwithin50mm)toensuretheanchoragelength.首先按照設(shè)計要求長度切割鋼絞線，用冷彎機將無粘結(jié)鋼絞線彎曲成U型并固定在承載體上，然后按設(shè)計荷載體間距組裝完成整個錨桿體。制作時注意，鋼絞線不得相互纏繞并保證承載體位于鉆孔中部。First,accordingtothedesignlengthrequirementstocutsteelstrand,bond-freesteelstrandshallbebentintoU-shapebyacoldbendingmachineandfixedonthebarrier,andthenassembledbythedesignoftheloadtocompletetheentireanchorbody.Notethatthesteelstrandshouldnotbeentangledwitheachotherandensurethatthecarrierislocatedinthemiddleoftheborehole.、截取鋼絞線用切割機，嚴(yán)禁使用電氣焊；Usecuttingmachinetogetsteelstrand.Itisprohibitedtousetheelectricalwelding.、鋼絞線編制在工作平臺上進(jìn)行，其下料長度為：設(shè)計長度+錨梁厚度+張拉千斤頂長度+錨具厚度+張拉操作預(yù)留量。(2)Strandmeshingshallbedoneontheworkplatform,thecuttinglengthis:designlength+anchorbeamthickness+tensionjacklength+anchorthickness+tensionoperationreserve.、沿錨桿長度方向每隔2000mm設(shè)置一個φ48*35mm隔離支架（詳附圖四、五），相鄰兩隔離架之間安設(shè)束線環(huán)(綁扎絲)對錨桿進(jìn)行綁扎固定。鋼絞線不得相互纏繞并保證承載體位于孔的中部，錨桿保護(hù)層厚度不小于20mm。(3)Setaφ48*35mmisolationstentalongthelengthoftheanchorevery2000mm(seeAttachment4,5),installthebunchingline(bindingwire)betweentheadjacenttwoisolationstenttomakeanchorfixed.Thestrandshallnotbeentangledwitheachother,andensurethatthecarrierislocatedinthemiddleoftheholeandthethicknessoftheprotectivelayeroftheanchorisnotlessthan20mm.、錨桿下料完成入孔安裝前，用高壓風(fēng)清孔一次。索體采用人工下錨，緩慢從孔口送入。(4)Beforetheanchorinstallation,theholeshallbecleanedwithhigh-pressureair.Ropeshallbeinsertedslowlyfromthetopoftheholebymanual.、錨桿組裝的允許偏差符合中國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，組裝完成后對錨桿對應(yīng)錨孔進(jìn)行編號，分類存放在專用場地，并加以防潮、防雨等防銹蝕保護(hù)。(5)TheallowabledeviationofanchorassemblyshallcoincidewiththeChinesestandard.Aftercompletingtheassembly,anchorholeshallbenumberedcorrespondingtoanchorageandstoredinclarificationonadedicatedplacewithanti-corrosionprotectionasmoistureproofingandrainproofing.3.6、錨固注漿3.6AnchorageGrouting本工程錨桿注漿采用二次壓力施工工藝。Secondarypressureconstructionprocessisadoptedfortheanchoringgroutingofthisproject.3.6.1、錨桿注漿材料為M25水泥漿，采用P.SA32.5水泥配制，第一次注漿自孔底向外灌注錨固段，灰砂比宜選用1:1.5，水灰比為0.42，注漿壓力為0.5MPa。第二次注漿再次向錨固區(qū)高壓注漿，注漿材料水灰比0.45~0.5的純水泥漿，注漿壓力為2～2.5MPa之間，且終止注漿壓力不低于1.5MPa.3.6.1M25groutofP.SA32.5cementisusedasanchorgroutingmaterial.Firstlygroutfromtheholebottomoutwardstotheanchoragesectionwiththecement-sandratioof1:1.5,water-cementratioof0.42,groutingpressureof0.5Mpa.Secondlygroutwithhighpressuretotheanchoragesectionwithneatcementgroutofwater-cementratioof0.45-0.5,groutingpressureof2-2.5Mpa,andtheterminationgroutingpressureshallnotlessthan1.5Mpa.3.6.2、當(dāng)孔口出現(xiàn)溢漿且持續(xù)時間不低于5min后(或排氣管停止排氣),方可停止注漿，注漿完畢后待砂漿凝固收縮后，空口進(jìn)行補漿。3.6.2Tostopgroutingwhentheexcessivegroutisflowingfromtheholemouthandlastsmorethan5minutes(ortheventpipestopairexhaust).Aftercompletinggroutingandthemortarsolidifyingandcontraction,tore-groutingforthehollowareas.3.6.3、當(dāng)遇地層巖體較差節(jié)理裂隙發(fā)育、破碎構(gòu)造帶、軟弱巖層或地下水發(fā)育，為提高地層錨固力，采用二次高壓劈裂注漿。即第一次注漿材料和注漿壓力與一般地層相同，第二次注漿為高壓劈裂注漿，待第一次注漿4～5h后，采用M25純水泥砂漿對錨固段進(jìn)行劈裂注漿，注漿壓力不小于2.0～2.5MPa。3.6.3Adoptthesecondaryhighpressuresplittinggroutingtoimprovethestratumanchorageforce,whenencounteringthestratumrockmassworsejointfracturingdevelopment,breakagestructurezone,weakrockmassordevelopedundergroundwater.Namely,thefirstgroutingmaterialandpressurearesameasthenormalstratum,thesecondgroutingishighpressuresplittinggrouting.4-5hoursafterfirstgrouting,tostartsplittinggroutingtotheanchoragesectionbyusingM25neatcementmortarwiththepressurenotlessthan2.0-2.5Mpa.3.6.4、錨桿注漿的實際耗漿量一般要大于理論用量，現(xiàn)場施工以錨具排氣孔不再排氣且孔口漿液溢出濃漿作為注漿結(jié)束的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。如一次注不滿或注漿后產(chǎn)生沉降，要補充注漿，直至注滿為止。注漿結(jié)束后，將注漿管、注漿槍和注漿套管清洗干凈，同時準(zhǔn)確、完整、清晰地做好注漿記錄。3.6.4Normally,theactualconsumptionofgroutingismorethantheoreticalvolume.Thegroutingiscompletedastheexhaustventstopsventandtheexcessivegroutisoverflowfromtheexhaustventmouth.Ifinsufficientgroutingorsedimentationaftergrouting,supplementarygroutingshallbeneededtillthetotallyfullofthegrouting.Tocleanthegroutingpipes,groutingguns,sleevesandmakeaccurate,complete,cleargroutingrecordsaftercompletinggrouting.3.7、錨桿腰梁的施工3.7ConstructionofIntermediateBeamofAnchor腰梁采用C30混凝土現(xiàn)場整體澆注，OVM15錨具與其同時安裝澆筑固定。如錨桿與豎梁箍筋相干擾，可局部調(diào)整箍筋的間距?；炷翝沧ⅲ绕湓阱^孔周圍，鋼筋較密集，必須仔細(xì)振搗，保證質(zhì)量。Adoptwholecast-in-situfortheintermediatebeamwithC30concrete.TheOVM15anchoragedevicesshallbeinstalled,cast,andfixedsimultaneouslywithcastingwork.Topartiallyadjustthespacebetweenthestirrupsiftheanchorsrodsinterf