廣東省惠州市龍江中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

廣東省惠州市龍江中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould______afterafewdays’treatment.A.pickup

B.comeup

C.keepup

D.makeup參考答案：A略2.

Breadandbutter_____forbreakfastinmanyChinesehomesnowadaysbutthingsweredifferent20yearsago.

A.serve

B.isserved

C.hasserved

D.areserved

參考答案：B3.It’ssaidthattheywillsoon________agreencartocompetewithFord.

A.bringabout

B.bringdown

C.bringout

D.bringup參考答案：C4.I’dliketobuyahouse---modern,firm,comfortable,and________inaquietneighborhood.A.inall

B.aboveall

C.afterall

D.atall參考答案：B5.-Whydidn’tyouattendthemeetingyesterday?-Nobodytoldmeabout_______ameeting.

A.theretobe

B.therebeing

C.therebe

D.therewas參考答案：B6.______howcloseshewasstandingtotherailwaytracks,thegirlwashitbythetrainanddiedonthespot.A.Havingnotrealized

B.NothavingrealizedC.Notrealizing

D.Nottorealize參考答案：B試題分析：考查分詞做狀語(yǔ)。本句中動(dòng)詞realize與主語(yǔ)thegirl構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞在句中做狀語(yǔ)。且realize的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，所以使用完成式havingrealized的形式，其否定式是在前面直接加not。句意：沒(méi)有意識(shí)到她站得離鐵軌如此近，這個(gè)女孩被火車(chē)裝到，當(dāng)場(chǎng)死亡。故B正確?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】分詞作狀語(yǔ)是高考考查的熱點(diǎn)和重要考點(diǎn)，其熱點(diǎn)考查內(nèi)容如下：一．確定分詞形式分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在句首，并且用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。同時(shí)，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)應(yīng)保持一致，也就是說(shuō)在確定選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，要判斷主句主語(yǔ)與分詞中心詞的關(guān)系。如果句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞-ing形式所表示的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者（即表主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行），分詞形式選用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞-ed形式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)（即表被動(dòng)或完成），分詞形式選用過(guò)去分詞。例：1,_______,Istretchedmyhandoutforit.A.IsawthebookIwantedontheshellB.ThebookIwantedwasontheshellC.SeeingthebooklyingacrossthedeskD.Lyingonthedesk分析：分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。根據(jù)這一原則，可知句子的主語(yǔ)I只能與see保持一致。如果選A,該句中沒(méi)有連詞，沒(méi)能構(gòu)成并列句和主從復(fù)合句，此時(shí)要選用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。所以選C2,Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.分析：“Seenfromthehill”是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。根據(jù)這一原則，可知，“thepark”是“Seenfromthehill”的邏輯主語(yǔ)，它們之間表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以分詞形式用seen.二．確立句子主語(yǔ)可能是誰(shuí)確立句子主語(yǔ)可能是誰(shuí)時(shí)，仍然遵循分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)應(yīng)保持一致的原則。反過(guò)來(lái)要根據(jù)分詞形式確立句子主語(yǔ)。例：Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,

_________.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningweregiventotourists分析:本題仍考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句中“Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists”是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。根據(jù)這一原則，可知“受攻擊”的應(yīng)是“thetallbuilding”,即“Havingbeenattacked”的邏輯主語(yǔ)是“thetallbuilding”.句意為“大樓因?yàn)槭艿娇植婪肿拥囊u擊而倒塌”.答案:B三．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)應(yīng)保持一致，但當(dāng)分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，分詞要有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種主語(yǔ)常常是名詞或代詞，置于動(dòng)詞-ing形式或動(dòng)詞-ed形式之前。這種名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing/動(dòng)詞-ed結(jié)構(gòu)在語(yǔ)法上被稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。此時(shí)分詞形式的選擇取決于名詞/代詞與v-ing/v-ed形式所表示動(dòng)作的邏輯關(guān)系，如果它們之間表示主動(dòng)或分詞動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，選擇現(xiàn)在分詞，如果它們之間表示被動(dòng)或完成，選擇過(guò)去分詞。1,名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing

例：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.2，名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞-ed

例：Thequestionsettled,theyfeltreleased.3，with/without+名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing/-ed

例：Withthetreegrowntall,wegetmoreshade.Ourschoollooksbeautifulwiththeflowerscomingout.Thebattlewasoverwithoutashotbeingfired.四．分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。例：______weight,thedoctorhaswarnedmetokeepoffsugar.A.I’mputtingon

B.HavingputonC.AsI’mgaining

D.Togain分析：在并列句和主從復(fù)合句中,逗號(hào)只起分隔作用,前后兩部分的邏輯關(guān)系必須使用連接詞來(lái)表達(dá);否則要使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.該題中B，C兩項(xiàng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ),但其邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不一致,所以只能使用連接詞來(lái)表達(dá)前后兩部分的邏輯關(guān)系.答案:C五．現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作獨(dú)立成分英語(yǔ)中一些特殊的分詞可用作獨(dú)立成分，不需要邏輯主語(yǔ)。這種無(wú)依著動(dòng)詞形式結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)成為固定用法。常見(jiàn)的不需要邏輯主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing/-ed形式結(jié)構(gòu):Considering(that)…考慮到

supposing(that)…如果……

generallyspeaking

一般說(shuō)來(lái)franklyspeaking

坦白說(shuō)

Judgingfrom…從…判斷

talkingof…

說(shuō)到……Concerning…

關(guān)于

settingaside...

除開(kāi)……

Comingto…

談到……allowingfor...

考慮到……

Proving/provided(that)…假定supposing/suppose(that)…假如……Seeing(that)…既然……

given(that)…

假設(shè)；如果；考慮到

putfrankly

坦白地說(shuō)takenasawhole

總的說(shuō)來(lái)例：1.Putfrankly,Idon’tagreewithwhathesaid.坦白地說(shuō)，我不同意他說(shuō)的話(huà)。2.Giventhegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.考慮到他的一般身體狀況，他手術(shù)后恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)可能需要一段時(shí)間。3.Supposingheisill,whowilldothework?假如他病了，誰(shuí)來(lái)做這工作呢？7.Whengoingtowork，Isuggestusingthebike

thecar，becauseitismoreenvironmentallyfriendly．

A．orrather

B．orelse

C．ratherthan

D．otherthan參考答案：C8.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessary

ithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.A.so

B.however

C.therefore

D.inthat參考答案：D9.TheyhadplannedatripinHainan,butbecauseoftheheavyrain,theyhadtostayathome_____.A.instead

B.actually

C.however

D.though參考答案：A10.Writedownthekeywordsthatyou____yourstudentstofindinthepassage.A.make

B.expect

C.suggest

D.hope參考答案：B11.Mr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8：30forthemeeting，buthedidn't

.A.turnup

B.getup

C.holdup

D.keepup參考答案：A12.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs__________theyarebeingtrained.A.inthat

B.forthat

C.inwhich

D.forwhich參考答案：D13.Hehappened____inthefieldwhentheearthquakebrokeout.A.tobeworking

B.towork

C.working

D.worked參考答案：A14.Theseriouslyillmanthinksitdoesn'tmatter_____hewilldie，butwhatmattersmuchishowhelives.A.how B.that C.why D.what參考答案：A15.IwanttothankmyfriendJohn,without____________help,Iwouldn’thavebeensaved.A.his

B.whose

C.whom

D.which參考答案：B16.—HowdidyoumanagedtofindthatI’mdishonest?

—Ihaveknownthat______.

A.allway

B.accidentally

C.bychance

D.alltheway參考答案：D解析：alltheway有“自始至終”之意。bychance,accidentally表示偶然,但不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。17.Themedicalschoolplanstoprovidemoretrainingfornursesinlargehospitalsandmakenursingservices_______tohouseholdsandcommunities.

A.accessible

B.adaptable

C.preferable

D.flexible參考答案：A18.

__________theCustomsOffice,hewillhavetoshowthethingstothecustomsofficer.

A.Nomatterwhowillcomethrough

B.Whocomesthrough

C.Nomatterwhomcomesthrough

D.Whoevercomesthrough

參考答案：D二、短文改錯(cuò)19.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意；1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodownthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn’tallowmetogobecauseofthebadweather.Atfirstwewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithouthimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,butwewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobilephoneonme.IphonePete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wesaidsorryhimandthankedhim.參考答案：LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodown

classmates

upthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn’tallowmetogobecauseofthe

usbadweather.Atfirstwewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithoutdisappointedhimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,but

the

去掉wewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobile

heavilyphoneonme.IphonePete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wephoned

wheresaidsorry∧himandthankedhim.to【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了去年夏天野營(yíng)時(shí)，作者和他的伙伴們不聽(tīng)導(dǎo)游話(huà)，私自爬到山頂，被雨困住，又不得不給導(dǎo)游打電話(huà)求助的故事?！驹斀狻?.考查名詞的數(shù)?！皊ome”可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，classmate（同學(xué)）是可數(shù)名詞。故把classmate改為classmates。2.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。由文章第六句“Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.”可知，他們后來(lái)到達(dá)了山頂。所以他們是想爬上山，而不是下山。故把down改為up。3.考查代詞。句意：但是我們的導(dǎo)游不允許我們?nèi)?，因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓?。故把me改為us。4.考查形容詞。句意：開(kāi)始的時(shí)候我們真的很失望。主語(yǔ)是我們（指人），我們感到失望，而不是我們讓人失望，所以形容詞要用過(guò)去分詞形式。故把disappointing改為disappointed。5.考查定冠詞。文章第二句提到過(guò)一次mountain，這句話(huà)里的mountain與前邊所說(shuō)的山是同一座山。故把a(bǔ)改為the。6.考查連詞Although與but不能連用，只能選其一。文章中將although與but連用，導(dǎo)致句子沒(méi)有了主句。故將but去掉。7.考查副詞。句意：突然雨下得很大，我們迷路了。句子中的heavy位于rained之后，修飾動(dòng)詞，而動(dòng)詞需要用副詞來(lái)修飾。故把heavy改為heavily。8.考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。本文是在講述去年夏天的事情，全文使用的都是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。所以本句也需要使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故把phone改為phoned。9.考查狀語(yǔ)從句連詞。句意：他告訴我們呆在我們所在的地方。“……的地方”用連詞where。故把what改為where。10.考查介詞。“對(duì)某人說(shuō)什么”使用詞組“saysthtosb.”，介詞to引出說(shuō)話(huà)的對(duì)象。故在sorry后邊加to。

三、閱讀理解20.Theword“social”means:“relatingtosocietyoritsorganization.”Thespecialtypeofsciencethatstudieshowhumanbeingsinteract（互動(dòng)）witheachotheriscalled“sociology.”Sociologistshavelookedcloselyatmankind’sdesiretobeapartofdifferentgroupsandcallthis“groupbehavior.”Sociologistsbelievethatgroupbehaviorbeganinmankindalongtimeagowhenmanwasmoreprimitive.Backthen,peopledidnothavebighomesmadeofconcreteorbricktoprotectthemfromdangerousanimals.Peoplesleptincavesandwereoutintheopenduringthedayalotmore.Theywouldlookallaroundforfoodsothatthespeciescouldcontinueliving.Astimewenton,peoplebegantoseethebenefitsofbeingapartofagroup.Theycouldfindmorefoodandwouldbeabletomoreeffectivelybattledangerousanimals.Biggerquantitiesoffoodandabettersenseofsafetyhelpedhumanssurviveandprosper.Groupbehavioralsoincludedthecreationof“norms”and“values.”Normsareexamplesofwhatagroupnormallydoesoveraperiodoftime.Membersofagroupmightallwakeupatthesametimeandbegintocarryouttheirvariousdutiesduringtheday,andrepeatthosesameactivitiesdayafterday.Valuesareasummaryofwhatthegroup’sgoalsmightbeorageneralideaofwhatisacceptablebehavior.Somegroupsmightstronglybelieveinhonestyanddisliketheft.Thereareactuallysomenegativethingsthatcancomealongwithgroupbehavior.Fromtimetotime,ifapersonisnotacceptedwithinagroup,theymightfeelrejectedandsaddened.Othertimes,agroupmightfinditselffightinga“commonenemy”,anothergroupthatisdislikedasawholebecauseitmayhavedifferentnormsorvalues.Groupbehavioralsomakesitmorelikelythatallofthemembersofagroupwillbelievesomethingjustbecauseonemembersaysso,evenifitisnottrueorfavorable.

27.Whatis“groupbehavior”?A.Mankind’sdesiretostudysociology.B.Mankind’sdesiretoformfriendshipwithothers.C.Mankind’sdesiretohuntforfoodsuccessfully.D.Mankind’sdesiretobeapartofdifferentgroups.28.Whatcausedpeopletobecomepartofagroupalongtimeago?A.Peoplewantedtomakemorefriendswithothers.B.Peoplewantedtobeabletobettersurviveandsucceed.C.Peoplewantedtohavebigconcreteorbrickhomes.D.Peoplewantedtokilllargeranimalsforfood.29.Basedonthepassage,whatmighttheidentityofagroupbebasedon?A.Thegroup’svalues. B.Thegroup’slocation.C.Thegroup’scommonenemy. D.Thegroup’ssize.30.Whichofthefollowingmaybeadisadvantagecausedbygroupbehavior?A.Certainpeoplemightenjoytheleadershipinagroup.B.Moreanimalswerekilledbythepeopleworkingingroups.C.Membersofagroupcarriedoutvariousdutiesoutofhabit.D.Thegroupwereguidedbyawrongbeliefandsufferedtheconsequences.參考答案：27-30.DBAD21.AgroupofforeignresidentsmarriedtoJapanesetalkedabouttheirchildren’snames.NicoleDespresStudentsservicesmanager,40(American)WehavenointentiontoliveoutsideJapansoitmadesenseforthekidstotakemyJapanesehusband’sfamilyname.However,wedidwanttohaveaWesternnametoo,soallthreeofthemnowhavebothaWesternandJapanesename.Weagreedtherewouldbenostrangenames,spellingorunusualkanji(ChinesecharactersintheJapaneselanguage).AllnameshadtobeeasytosayandfamiliarinbothJapaneseandEnglish.JohnMcCrackenCompanygeneralmanager,27(American)Myson’snameisAiden.InpartbecausemywifeandImetinuniversityandasshewasstudyingIrishhistoryandIhavesomelinkstoScotlandandIreland,IwantedauniqueGaelic(蓋爾族的)name.WesettledforAidenaswefoundkanjithatcanbeusedinJapanthatmeans“l(fā)egendaryhero”P(pán)aulaMurakamiCollegewomen’sAssociationofJapan,53(American)Myhusbandwasveryexcitedaboutchoosingnames,soIdecidedtolethimchoose.HewantedtheirfirstnamestobeJapaneseandcampupwithnamesthatincludedthekanjicharacterinhisownname.Ourboys,HirokiandKenta,neverhadanyproblemswhilelivingontheU.S.WestCoastwithJapanesenames,andIthinkbothaschildrenandasadults,theylovetheirnames.JeffRuizRecordingengineer,42(Mexican)Myson’snameisLenny.Mywifechoseittogetherwithmeaswewerelookingforanamethatworksinbothworlds—mineinMexico,andhersinJapan—andthenameLennyiscommoneverywhere.InJapanesewewritethenameinkatakanaasthatiseasyforJapanesepeoplewhoseemtolikenamesintwoorthreecharacters.24.Whatdoweknowaboutthepeoplementionedinthepassage?A.Nicoleandherhusbandhadanagreementonhowtonamethechildren.B.JeffwillremaininJapanashiswifeisnotusedtoMexicanlife.C.ThefourcoupleshavedecidedtolivewiththechildreninJapanforever.D.PaulaandherfamilywouldlovetoliveontheU.S.WestCoast.25.Whichofthefollowingdoestheunderlinedword“katakana”mean?A.AJapanesesystemofgrammar.B.AwayofwritingtheJapaneselanguage.C.AJapanesewordwhichmeans“name”.D.AnamepopularwithJapanesepeople.26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.NicoleandherJapanesehusbandhaveadaughtera