廣東省中山市紀(jì)念中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

廣東省中山市紀(jì)念中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.–Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?–Mostofthemarekind,but____issogoodtomeasBruce.A.none

B.noone

C.everyone

D.someone參考答案：A解析：none用來(lái)回答“數(shù)量”，而noone用來(lái)回答“對(duì)象”，原句譯為“……但沒(méi)有一個(gè)像Bruce那樣對(duì)我好”。

2.Onlywhenhereturned______thetruth.A.hefoundout

B.didhefindout

C.hefindsout

D.doeshefindout參考答案：B3.Raisingachildcanbe_______,butitiswellworthit.A.overthemoon

B.apieceofcakeC.onitslastlegs

D.aHerculeantask參考答案：D【詳解】考查習(xí)語(yǔ)。A.overthemoon欣喜若狂；B.apieceofcake小事一樁；C.onitslastlegs奄奄一息；D.aHerculeantask一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)、瀝盡心血。句意：撫養(yǎng)孩子雖然很費(fèi)心血，但是很值得。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“瀝盡心血”，故D項(xiàng)正確。4.—Didyougotothefashionshowlastweek?—I_____,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeweek.A.mustgo

B.musthavegone

C.wouldgo

D.wouldhavegone參考答案：D5.Helpingothersisahabit,

youcanlearnevenatanearlyage．A．theone

B．thatC．what

D．one參考答案：D6.Havingmadehisfirstfilmearlierthisyear,heis__________startinginanewone.

A.lately

B.actually

C.recently

D.currently參考答案：D略7.Tonywas_________tofiveyearsinprisonforabusinghispowerduringhisserviceinthelocalgovernment.A.charged

B.deservedC.sentencedD.announced參考答案：C試題分析句意：因?yàn)橥心嵩诋?dāng)?shù)卣温毱陂g濫用職權(quán)而被判了五年徒刑。A.charged要價(jià)，指控；B.deserved值得；C.sentenced宣判；D.announced宣布。根據(jù)for后面的原因可知選C。固定短語(yǔ)：besemtemcedtofiveyearsinprison“被判處五年徒刑”，選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞辨析8.Sometimesinsummer,when______sunisrising,youcanstillsee______clearmoonhanginginthesky.A.the,the B.a,the C.the,a D.a,a

參考答案：C9.Westronglyadviseyou______eatingyourmealsolate．It’snothealthy.A．on

B．a(chǎn)gainstC．fromD．over參考答案：B試題解析：本題考查介詞。advisedoingsth/advisesb(not)todosth/advisesbagainstdoingsth為advise的固定詞組，against在此表示“反對(duì)，對(duì)抗”。10.RedSorghumwasadaptedfromMoYan’s1986novelofthesamename,______tolifeavisuallandscapeofredsorghumandafiery______sun.A.brought;setting

B.bringing;setting

C.havingbrought;set

D.bringing;set參考答案：B11.Afterthebellrings，whichindicatestheendingoftheexam，you_____staywhereyouareuntilallyourpapersarecollected．A．shall

B．would

C．will

D．can參考答案：A略12.Findingajobinsuchabigcompanyhasalwaysbeen

hiswildestdreams.A.under

B.over

C.above

D.beyond參考答案：D略13.____isknowntousallisthatChinaisadevelopingcountry____theThirdWorld.

A.As,belongsto B.What,belongsto C.It,belongingto D.What,belongingto參考答案：D14.---We’llgotothepartytobeheldintheGrandTheaterat8tonight.Couldyoujoinus?---I’mafraidIcan’t.I______thepaperwithmyinstructor.A.amdiscussing

B.havediscussed

C.willbediscussing

D.willhavediscussed參考答案：C15.Itsuddenlyoccurredtome

Ihadn’tlockedmydoor．A．which

B．where

C．that

D．whether參考答案：C16.TheSuperGirlWangBei’sdeathhighlightsthefact____cosmeticsurgeryhasbecomeoneofChina’sbiggestbeautysecrets.A.that

B.where

C.what

D.which參考答案：A17.Weunderstand_______smallchangestoourlandcanhaveabigimpactuponourenvironment,______,asweknow,issensitiveenough.A.what;which B.what;where C.how;where D.how;which參考答案：A18.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock_____hearrivedhome.A.before

B.when

C.that

D.how參考答案：B二、填空19.Itissaidthatacourseofferedat

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universityineatChinawilllinkstudents’weightloss

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(direct)totheirmarksinabidtolimitstudentobesity.ThecoursefromZhouQuanfu,teacheratNanjingAgriculturalUniversityinJiangsuProvince,aims

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(encourage)overweightstudentstocontroltheirdietsandincreasetheirexercise.Zhousaid60percentofastudent’sgradewill

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(determine)bytheirweightloss.Iftheymanagetoreduce7percentoftheir

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(origin)weight,theycanpassthecourse.Onestudent,

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declinedtogiveherrealname,saidthatthestudentsrunontreadmills（踏步機(jī)）intheschool’sfitnessroomandwalk10kilometerseveryMondayandFridayevening.EveryWednesdayafternoon,theteacherleadsthemonamountain-climbingtrip.“Weusemobileappstorecorddailyfoodintake.”addedthestudent.Before

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(eat),theysendphotosoftheirfoodviaamobileappfor

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(suggest)fromnutritionists.“Onlystudents

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morethan30percentbodyfatorabodymassindex（指數(shù)）over28cansignupforthecourse,”saidZhou.Physicalfitnesstestdatashowedthatbetween2013and2014,around13percentofthestudentsinZhou’suniversitywereobese.Hehopesthecoursewillhelpthemloseweightandbecomemoreconfidentin

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(them)daybyday.參考答案：61.a 62.directly 63.toencourage 64.bedetermine 65.original66.who 67.eating 68.suggestions 69.with 70.themselves20.Oneday,Iwascomfortablywaitingformyflightwithagoodbooktoreadwhen_______elderlyladywaswheeledtoourwaitingarea.Inoticedthetroubleshewashaving________(try)toopenapacketofnutswithhershakinghands.Nooneelsewaswillingtomeethergaze(目光),soI_______(offer)tohelp.Theladywasverygrateful.Wesatandchatted.Thetimecametoboardtheplane.Shecouldwalkbutneededsome_______(assist),soIvolunteeredtohelpherandcarryherbag.AsIhelpedherget_________(settle),Inoticedher“seatmate”,abusinessman,lookedabithorrifiedathavingtomaketheflightwithher.Heofferedtochange_________(seat)withme—andIagreed.Wehadalongchat.Aswewereenteringanothercountryweneededtofilloutforms.Iofferedtofill_______(her)outbecauseofhershakinghands.WelandedandIneededtochangeplanes,butIhelpedherfirst.Thewheelchairsheorderedwasnowheretobeseensoweslowlywalkedtothegate_________herdaughterwaswaiting.Asaresult,Ihadtoruntocatchmyconnectionbut,asIthoughtabouttheexperience,Isawher_________myairportangel,achanceformetohopethatinthefuturewhenI’minmyeightiesandtraveling,someonewilltakethetime____________(connect)withme.參考答案：

(1).1.an

(2).2.trying

(3).3.offered

(4).4.assistance

(5).5.settled

(6).6.seats

(7).7.hers

(8).8.where

(9).9.as

(10).10.toconnect【分析】本文屬于記敘文，講述作者在機(jī)場(chǎng)和飛機(jī)上幫助一位行動(dòng)不便的老太太，作者希望以后別人能夠同樣幫助自己?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：一天，我在讀著一本好書(shū)等待我的航班，正在這時(shí)，一位老太太推著輪椅來(lái)到候機(jī)室。由于第一次提及老太太，故用不定冠詞，elderly為元音發(fā)音，故用an。【42題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我注意到她用她顫抖的雙手打開(kāi)一袋堅(jiān)果有困難。分析句子可知，shewashaving____2____(try)toopenapacketofnutswithhershakinghands為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞trouble，本句為短語(yǔ)havetroubleindoingsth，故用現(xiàn)在分詞trying。【43題詳解】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：沒(méi)人愿意幫忙，因此我主動(dòng)幫忙。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語(yǔ)，由于陳述過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)offered。【44題詳解】考查名詞。句意：她能行走，但是需要一些幫助。分析句子可知，本句缺乏賓語(yǔ)，故用assist的名詞形式assistance?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我?guī)退阶约旱奈恢脮r(shí)，我注意到她旁邊是一個(gè)商人，因?yàn)橐c老太太一道坐飛機(jī)感到很恐怖。分析句子可知，本句為結(jié)構(gòu)getsthdone讓某事被做，gethersettled把她安置下來(lái)，settle與其邏輯主語(yǔ)her為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞settled?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他主動(dòng)提出和我換位置，我同意了。根據(jù)文章可知，商人不愿意與老太太坐在一起，故交換位置，故用seats。【47題詳解】考查名詞性物主代詞。句意：由于她雙手不便，因此我?guī)退顚?xiě)了表格。根據(jù)前文可知，進(jìn)入其他國(guó)家需要填表，故作者幫老太太完成她的表格，作fill的賓語(yǔ)且后面沒(méi)有名詞，故用名詞性物主代詞hers?！?8題詳解】考查關(guān)系副詞。句意：由于沒(méi)看見(jiàn)她預(yù)訂的輪椅，因此我們慢慢地走向機(jī)場(chǎng)出口，她女兒在那里等她。分析句子可知，herdaughterwaswaiting作定語(yǔ)修飾先行詞thegate，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意:但是我回想這次經(jīng)歷，我把這位老太太視為我的機(jī)場(chǎng)天使。本句為短語(yǔ)seesbas把某人視作，故用介詞as。【50題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：希望在我八十多歲旅行的時(shí)候，有人能夠花點(diǎn)時(shí)間幫助我。分析句子可知，作者希望自己的付出，在以后別人也能夠幫助她，本句為taketimetodosth花時(shí)間做某事，故用不定式toconnect。【點(diǎn)睛】getsthdone與havesthdone區(qū)別。havesth.done和getsth.done的意思其實(shí)是一樣的，都是表達(dá)“（讓別人）做某事”的意思比如說(shuō)，Ihavehadmyroomcleaned.我已經(jīng)（讓別人）打掃好了房間。Ineedtohavemyhaircuttomorrow.我明天要去剪頭發(fā)。（其實(shí)是讓別人剪）1.getsthdone一般是指自己完成的，比如Igetmyhomeworkfinished.havesth.done一般是由別人完成的，比如Ihavemyhaircut.2.have+sth(賓語(yǔ))+過(guò)去分詞(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))意為"讓/叫/使/請(qǐng)別人做某事"賓語(yǔ)sth后面用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明sth與過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。have/getsomethingdone=完成了什么事情，做完了什么事情Ihavemyhairdyedinredcolor1.我把頭發(fā)染成了紅色。搭配中的done在句中必須是過(guò)去分詞的形式，表示什么被做了，或者已經(jīng)做了什么。三、閱讀理解21.Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Manyoftheproblemsfacingtoday’sworldaren’tnewstous.Theenvironmentisindireneedofhelpbecauseit’sbeingdamaged,hungeriswidespreadthroughouttheworld,andworkersinthirdworldcountriesarecontinuouslybeingexploited.Therefore,individualsacrosstheglobeneedtobandtogetherforacauseandusetheircollectiveeffortstomakeallthedifferenceintheworld.

Forinstance,onepersonrecyclingacanorabottledoesn’tseemlikemuch.Butifeveryhouseholdinagivencityweretorecycleandconserveenergy,thatcitycouldmakeahugepositiveimpactonenvironmentaldamage.Similarly,therearecountlesswaystohelpfightworldhunger—whetherit’stodonatemoneytoadedicatedworldwidecharity,donatecannedgoodstoyourlocalcharity,orevenmakelifestylechangeslikegoingvegetarian.Worldhungerisamassiveproblem—butitdoesn’tmeanindividualsthemselvescan’tmakeadifference.

Workerexploitationisanotherhugeproblem.Allacrosstheworld—particularlyinthirdworldcountries—workersareforcedtolaborlonghours,withclosetonopay.Yettheseworkerscontinuetoshowuptosuchawayoflife,becausetheyhavenootheroptions.

So,howcanpeoplelikeushelpfightsuchabigproblem?Simplyraisingawarenessoftheproductsyoubuyinstores—fromclothingtofood—isamassivestart.Forexample,ifyouseetwosimilarproductssidebysideinafoodshop,butoneofthemislabeled“fairtrade”，you’llknowimmediatelythattheworkerswholaboredtoproducethatproductweregivenafairpricefortheirgoods.Andtrue,fairtradeproductsmightcostalittlebitmore,butbuyingthemisasignificantstarttohelpfightworkerexploitation.

Inshort,eachofusshouldbesociallyconscioustomakeadifferencetowidespreadsocialproblems.

(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOTMORETHAN10words.)81.Accordingtothepassage,whataretheproblemsfacingtoday’sworld？

_________________________________________________________.82.Toovercometheproblemsfacingtoday’sworld,peopleshould_________________________________________________________________________.83.Wecanfightworldhungerby___________________________________________.84.Ifyou______________________________________,youarehelpingfightworkerexploitation.參考答案：81.Environmentaldamage,worldhungerandworkerexploitation82.bandtogetherandusecollectiveefforts83.donatingmoneyorcannedgoodsandmakinglifestylechanges84.buy“fairtrade”product22.SinceEnglishbiologistCharlesDarwinpublishedOntheOriginofSpeciesin1859,scientistshavevastlyimprovedtheirknowledgeofnaturalhistory.However,alotofinformationisstillofthespeculation,andscientistscanstillonlymakeeducatedguessesatcertainthings.Onesubjectthattheyguessaboutiswhysome400millionyearsago,animalsintheseadevelopedlimbs(肢)thatallowedthemtomoveontoandliveonland.Recently,anideathatoccurredtotheUSpaleontologist(古生物學(xué)家)AlfredRomeracenturyagobecameahottopiconceagain.Romerthoughtthattidal(潮汐的)poolsmighthaveledtofishgaininglimbs.Seaanimalswouldhavebeenforcedintothesepoolsbystrongtides.Then,theywouldhavebeenmadeeithertoadapttotheirnewenvironmentclosetolandordie.Thefittestamongthemgrewtoaccomplishthetransition(過(guò)渡)fromseatoland.Romercalledtheseearliestfour-footedanimals“tetrapods”.Sciencehasalwaysthoughtthatthiswasacredibletheory,butonlyrecentlyhastherebeenstrongenoughevidencetosupportit.HannahByrneisanoceanographer(海洋學(xué)家)atUppsalaUniversityinSweden.Sheannouncedatthe2018OceanSciencesMeetinginOregon,US,thatbyusingcomputersoftware,herteamhadmanagedtolinkHomer’stheorytoplaceswherefossildeposits(沉積物)oftheearliesttetrapodswerefound.AccordingtothemagazineScience,in2014,StevenBalbus,ascientistattheUniversityofOxfordintheUK,calculatedthat400millionyearsago,whenthemovefromlandtoseawasachieved,tideswerestrongerthantheyaretoday.Thisisbecausetheplanetwas10percentclosertothemoonthanitisnow.Thecreaturesstrandedinthepoolswouldhavebeenunderthepressureof“survivalofthefittest”,explainedMattiasGreen,anoceanscientistattheUK’sUniversityofBangor.AshetoldScience,“Afterafewdaysinthesepools,youbecomefoodoryourunoutoffoodthefishthathadlargelimbshadanadvantagebecausetheycouldflip(翻轉(zhuǎn))themselvesbackinthewater.”Asisoftenthecase,however,thereareotherswhofindthetheorylessconvincing.CambridgeUniversity’spaleontologistJenniferClark,speakingtoNaturemagazine,seemedunconvinced.“It’sonlyoneofmanyideasfortheoriginofland-basedtetrapods,anyorallofwhichmayhavebeenapartoftheanswer,”shesaid.28.Whofirstproposedthetheorythatfishmighthavegainedlimbsbecauseoftidalpools?A.HannahByrne.

B.CharlesDarwin.

C.StevenBalbus.

D.AlfredRomer.29.Whyweretidesstronger400millionyearsagothantheyaretodayaccordingtoStevenBalbus?A.Therewerelargeroceans.

B.Earthwasundergreaterpressure.C.Earthwasclosertothemoon.

D.Themoongaveoffmoreenergy.30.Theunderlinedword“stranded”inParagraph8probablymeans“________”.A.settled

B.trapped

C.abandoned

D.found31.Whatisthefocusofthearticle?A.Theargumentsoverascientifictheory.B.Theproposalofanewscientifictheory.C.Somenewevidencetosupportaprevioustheory.D.Anewdiscoverythatquestionsaprevioustheory.參考答案：28.D

29.C

30.B

31.C【分析】本文是議論文，AlfredRomer在一個(gè)世紀(jì)前提出的觀點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在又成了熱門(mén)話(huà)題，文中介紹了一些支持此觀點(diǎn)的根據(jù)。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Recently,anideathatoccurredtotheUSpaleontologist(古生物學(xué)家)AlfredRomeracenturyagobecameahottopiconceagain.和第四段Romerthoughtthattidal(潮汐的)poolsmighthaveledtofishgaininglimbs.可知AlfredRomer在一個(gè)世紀(jì)前就提出潮水的涌入，促使魚(yú)長(zhǎng)出了四肢。故選D.【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段400millionyearsago,whenthemovefromlandtoseawasachieved,tideswerestrongerthantheyaretoday.Thisisbecausetheplanetwas10percentclosertothemoonthanitisnow.可知4億年前的潮汐比現(xiàn)在更強(qiáng)，這是因?yàn)榈厍虮痊F(xiàn)在離月球近10%.故選C.【30題詳解】猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)MattiasGreen的觀點(diǎn)Afterafewdaysinthesepools,youbecomefoodoryourunoutoffoodthefishthathadlargelimbshadanadvantagebecausetheycouldflip(翻轉(zhuǎn))themselvesbackinthewater.可知被困在水池中幾天，魚(yú)就會(huì)沒(méi)有食物或成為食物，四肢大的魚(yú)生存更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。由此可知被困在水池里的生物會(huì)承受“適者生存”的壓力，stranded意為“陷入困