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Unit1Schoollife新學(xué)期,高中生活的第一天,你是否曾有過激動、期待、不適應(yīng)或迷茫?讓我們隨著作者的思緒,一起進(jìn)入他的第一天校園生活,來共同重溫我們美好而興奮的高中生活的第一天吧!MyFirstDayontheCampusIstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheSeniorHighaboyof16,Iwaslongingforanewlifeasaseniorhighstudent;butatthesametime,Ihadnoideawhatseniorhighlifewouldbelike.Thatmorningwhenthebuscarriedmetothegateoftheschool,Iwassoexcitedthatmyheartwasbeatingveryfastasifitwouldleapoutofmythenon,Iwouldbeastudentofthisregistration,wewereledbyaninstructortothedormitory,where,forthefirsttime,weweregoingtolivewithoutparentsbutwassoclumsythatIdidnotknowhowtomakethebedandfixthemosquitonet.Intheafternoon,Itookawalkaroundthecampustogetherwithmythinkofstudyinginsuchabeautifulplacemademefeelquiteproudofwewerewalkingalong,talkingandlaughing,avoicecameintoourears,“Oh,lookatthesenewstudents!”Itwasourjunior-school-students'lookingthatgaveuscontinuedourtouroftheseniorschool,inspectingeverybuildingandeverygardenuntilthesunbegantoset.Intheevening,wesattogether,talkingaboutthepastandtheweresoexcitedthatnoonewantedtogotobed.1.longfor 渴望,希望2.registrationn. 登記;注冊;掛號3.clumsyadj. 笨拙的4.giveaway 泄露,出賣;贈送5.inspectv. 檢查,檢驗;審視;檢閱;視察1.Whatdidtheautherfeelthefirstdayhe/shecametotheseniorHighSchool?2.Whatdidtheautherdointheafternoon?【答案】Shewassoexcitedthathis/herheartwasbeatingveryfastasifitwouldleapoutofhis/hermouth.Shetookawalkaroundthecampustogetherwithhis/herroommates.SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Preparing根據(jù)提示寫出下列單詞1.enjoyableadj. 有樂趣的;令人愉快的2.headmastern. 校長3.earnvt. 獲得;賺,掙得4.respectn.&vt. 尊敬,敬重5.devotevt. 致力于;獻(xiàn)身6.literaturen. 文學(xué)7.a(chǎn)verageadj. 一般的,普通的;平均的8.strugglen. 難事;斗爭;努力vi. 奮斗,努力;掙扎9.challengingadj. 具有挑戰(zhàn)性的10.encouragementn. 鼓勵11.extraadj. 額外的,外加的12.sculpturen. 雕像,雕塑13.dessertn. 甜點14.satisfactionn. 滿意15.experiencen.&vt. 經(jīng)歷,體驗16.exchangen.&vt. 交換;交流17.a(chǎn)cademicadj. 學(xué)業(yè)的,學(xué)術(shù)的看單詞學(xué)構(gòu)詞后綴-able常用在動詞后面,構(gòu)成形容詞。如:acceptable可接受的;eatable可吃的;suitable合適的根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語1.forexample 例如2.devoteoneselfto 致力于3.usedtodosth. 過去常常做某事4.forfree 免費5.befondof 喜愛,喜歡6.lookback(on) 回憶,回顧7.a(chǎn)ttheendof 在……的末端8.withsatisfaction 滿意地根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列教材原句1.GoingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyearwasaveryenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.在英國上了一年的中學(xué)對我來說是一段非常令人愉快和興奮的經(jīng)歷。2.Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soitwasastruggleformetorememberallthefacesandnames.上某些課的時候,班上的同學(xué)也不一樣,所以對我來說記住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件難事。3.IfoundthatthehomeworkwasnotasheavyaswhatIusedtogetinmyoldschool.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這里布置的家庭作業(yè)不像我以前在原來學(xué)校時那么繁重。4.Thoughitdidnotlookverybeautifulwhenitwasfinished,Istilllikeditverymuch.盡管完工之后它看上去并不十分漂亮,但我仍然非常喜歡它。5.IdidnotrealizeschoolsintheUKaresodifferentfromschoolsinChinauntilIreadyourarticle.直到我讀了你的文章才意識到中國的學(xué)校與英國的學(xué)校是如此不同。閱讀P2-P3教材課文,選擇最佳答案1.Thebestwaytoearnrespectfromtheschoolisaccordingtotheheadmaster.A.gettingonwellwithclassmatesB.helpingotherswithstudyC.workinghardandachievinghighgradesD.keepingquietinclass【答案】C2.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.HerEnglishimprovedalotassheusedEnglisheveryday.B.SchoollifeintheUKisbusyandbitter.C.ShehadawonderfulexperienceinaBritishschool.D.Shecouldsende-mailsforfreeduringthelunchbreak.【答案】C3.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto“Icouldsende-mailstomyfamilyandfriendsbackhomeforfree”?A.Icoulde-mailmyfamilyandfriendsbackhomewithoutpayingmoney.B.Icoulde-mailmyfamilyandfriendsbackhomefreely.C.Icoulde-mailmyfamilyandfriendsinmyfreetime.D.Icoulde-mailmyfamilyandfriendswhenIwasfree.【答案】A4.Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassageisto.A.tellusthatshedoesn'tlikeschoollifeinBritainB.introduceherexcitingandhappyschoollifeinBritainC.excitemorestudentstostudyabroadD.tellusthedifferenceinschoollifebetweenChinaandBri【答案】B閱讀P2-P3教材課文,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式WeiHuahasbeeninaBritishhighschoolforoneherclass,therewereonly28students,isabouttheaveragesizeforBritishit(be)astruggleforhertorememberallthefacesandnamestheyhadtomovetodifferentclassesfordifferentlessonsandalsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeherstudy,herteachersgavehermuch(encourage),soshefoundherlifethere(enjoy)andenjoyedallhersubjects,becausetheheadmasteroncesaidthatthebestwayearn(earn)respectwastodevote(they)tostudyandachievehighusedEnglisheverydayandherEnglishimprovedafoundcookingwasreallyfunsheevenmadeasmallsculptureintheArtthelunchbreak,shecouldgototheComputerClubtosende-mailstoherfamilyandfriendslunch,sheusuallyplayedontheschoolfeltvery(luck)toexperiencethisdifferentwayoflife.SectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints(教材P2)GoingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyearwasaveryenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.在英國上了一年的中學(xué)對我來說是一段非常令人愉快和興奮的經(jīng)歷。(1)enjoyableadj.有樂趣的;令人愉快的①(朗文辭典)Gamescanmakelearningmoreenjoyable.游戲可以寓教于樂。(1)enjoyvt. 享受,欣賞enjoydoingsth. 喜歡做某事enjoyoneself 過得愉快,玩得高興(2)enjoymentn. 享受,樂趣②Wecangetlotsofenjoymentfromreading.我們可以從閱讀中獲得很多樂趣。③(牛津詞典)Theyallenjoyedthemselvesattheparty.他們在聚會上都玩得非常高興。(2)experiencen.&vt.經(jīng)歷,體驗①(2023·福建高考·閱讀理解B)Thissameexperiencewasrepeateduntileachfamilymemberhadaturn.大家重復(fù)著同樣的體驗,直到每個家庭成員都輪一次。②Ourcountryhasexperiencedgreatchangesinthepast60years.在過去六十年里,我們的國家經(jīng)歷了巨大的變化。(1)anenjoyableexperience 一次愉快的經(jīng)歷get/gainexperience 獲得經(jīng)驗haveexperiencein/at... 在……方面有經(jīng)驗(2)experiencedadj. 有經(jīng)驗的,經(jīng)驗豐富的,老練的beexperiencedat/in... 在……方面有經(jīng)驗③Heisveryexperiencedat/inmendingcars.他修車很有經(jīng)驗。[名師點津]experience作“經(jīng)驗”講時,是不可數(shù)名詞;作“經(jīng)歷”講時,是可數(shù)名詞。[語境助記]isanexperiencedEnglishteacher,whohasalotofteachingoncetoldushisexperiencesinEngland.周老師是一位有經(jīng)驗的英語老師,他有很多教學(xué)經(jīng)驗。他曾告訴我們他在英國的經(jīng)歷。(教材P2)Healsotoldusthatthebestwaytoearnrespectwastodevoteourselvestostudyandachievehighgrades.他還告訴我們贏得尊重最好的方法是努力學(xué)習(xí),考取好成績。(1)earnvt.獲得;賺,掙得earnmoney=makemoney 賺錢earna/one'sliving=makea/one'sliving 謀生earnone'sbread 謀生earnone'srespect 贏得某人的尊重earnthereputation 贏得聲譽(yù)①(2023·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀理解C)Itisnotsurprisingthatmoreandmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.越來越多的學(xué)生利用間隔年掙錢來支持他們的學(xué)習(xí),這并不奇怪。②Theprimarypurposeofeducationisnottoteachyoutoearnyourbread,buttomakeeverymouthfulsweeter.教育最主要的目的不是教你如何掙得面包,而是使每一口更加香甜。[明辨異同]earn/gain/winearn強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過艱苦努力而獲得回報,賓語常為金錢、榮譽(yù)等理應(yīng)得到的東西。gain指通過努力或奮斗獲得某種利益、好處、經(jīng)驗。win通常指在競爭、戰(zhàn)斗、比賽中獲勝,并由此得到獎賞。可以通過努力獲得,也可以偶然獲得。其賓語通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎品、獎杯、選票、獲準(zhǔn)等。不能接人或團(tuán)隊類名詞作賓語。win,earn,gain【導(dǎo)學(xué)號:25180000】①Youwillusefulexperienceinworkingwithcomputers.②Hehislivingmainlyfromteaching.③Hehasalotofmoneythismonth.④WiththehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IthefirstplaceintheEnglishWritingCompetition.【答案】①gain②earns/earned③earned④won(2)respectn.&vt.尊敬,敬重(1)win/earn/gaintherespectof... 贏得/賺得/獲得……的尊敬show/haverespectfor 對……表示尊重outofrespect 出于尊重(2)respectsb.(forsth.) (因某事)尊重/敬重某人respect... 尊重某人為……(3)respectfuladj. 敬意的,尊重的respectableadj. 體面的;值得尊重的①Childrenshouldshowrespectfortheirteacher.學(xué)生要尊敬老師。②Heisgreatlyrespectedforhiskindness.他因善良而備受尊敬。③(朗文辭典)Hewasalwaysrespectfulofmyindependence.他一向尊重我的獨立。(3)devotevt.致力于;獻(xiàn)身(1)devoteoneselfto(doing)sth. 獻(xiàn)身于(做)某事,致力于(做)某事devoteone'slife/time/money/energyto(doing)sth. 把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻(xiàn)于……(2)devotedadj. 忠實的;深愛的;專心的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 專心于/奉獻(xiàn)于(做)某事(3)devotionn. 關(guān)愛,關(guān)照;奉獻(xiàn),忠誠①Iwilldevoteallmyselftothepeopleandthecountryuntilthelastdayofmylife.我將為人民為國家鞠躬盡瘁,死而后已。②Hehasdevotedallhistimetohelpingpeopleintrouble.他把所有時間用于幫助困難中的人們。③(2023·廣東高考·完形填空)Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedtostayactiveandbedevoted.隨著生命的延長,他們?nèi)匀恍枰e極付出。[名師點津]devote常與介詞to連用,其后應(yīng)接名詞或動詞-ing形式。[語境助記]LiLeiismydevotedgraduation,hehasbeendevotedtoimprovingtheeducationofthelocaladditiontoteaching,hehasdevotedalotoftimetoraisingmoneytobuildmoredevotiontohisworkmovesthepeopledeeply.李磊是我忠誠的朋友,自畢業(yè)以來,他致力于提高當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊慕逃?。除了教學(xué),他還投入很多時間來募捐建造更多的學(xué)校。他對工作的投入深深地感動著人們。averageadj.一般的,普通的;平均的(教材P2)ThisisabouttheaveragesizeforBritishschools.這基本上相當(dāng)于英國學(xué)校的平均班級人數(shù)。①(朗文辭典)Theageofthecandidatesrangedfrom29to49withanaverageageof37.候選人的年齡29歲至49歲不等,平均37歲。averagen. 平均(數(shù))on(an/the)average 平均,一般來說above/belowaverage 平均數(shù)以上/以下②Onaverage,mensmokemorecigarettesthanwomen.平均起來,男子比女子吸煙多。③(2023·重慶高考·單項填空)Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃above去年是有記錄以來最溫暖的一年,全球的氣溫比平均高0.68攝氏度。[明辨異同]average/common/usualaverage“普通的,一般的”,它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一般水準(zhǔn)或普通水準(zhǔn);通常在有數(shù)字出現(xiàn)的情況下,表示“平均的”common“常見的,普通的,不足為奇的”,有時引申為“平凡的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的共同性。另外,它還有“公共的,共同的”之意usual“通常的,慣常的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“習(xí)慣性的,符合規(guī)章制度的”,是一般用語average,common,usual①Ishallleavetheofficeatthesametimeas.②Coldsareinwinter.③Thegoodsareofquality.【答案】①usual②common③average[圖形助記]belowaverageonaverageaboveaveragestrugglen.難事;斗爭;努力vi.奮斗,努力;掙扎(教材P2)Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soitwasastruggleformetorememberallthefacesandnames.上某些課的時候,班上的同學(xué)也不一樣,所以對我來說記住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件難事。①ItwasastruggleforRobinsontolivealoneonthesmallisland.對羅賓遜來說,在這個小島上獨自生活真是個難事。struggletodosth. 努力做某事,艱難地做某事strugglefor 為了……而斗爭struggleagainst/with 與……做斗爭struggletoone'sfeet 掙扎著站起來②(2023·陜西高考·閱讀理解D)Robinsonsuggestedthatmaybebecauseparentsthemselvesstruggletounderstandthetasks.羅賓遜表示可能是因為父母自己想盡力來理解這些任務(wù)。③Theyhadtostrugglewith/againstallkindsofdifficulties.他們必須和各種各樣的困難做斗爭。[語境助記]Westruggleforsuccessallourlife;however,itisastruggletomakeeverydaythoughtofgivinguphauntsuswhenfailurefrequentlyknocksatthedoor,buttheeagernessforflowersandapplausetellsustostruggletoourfeetwhenwefalldownbeforetrouble.我們一生都在追求成功;然而,讓每天都有意義并非易事。當(dāng)失敗一次次地降臨到我們身上時,放棄的想法縈繞心頭,但對鮮花和掌聲的渴望告訴我們:在困難面前跌倒時,要站起來繼續(xù)奮斗。usedtodosth.過去常常做某事(教材P2)IfoundthatthehomeworkwasnotasheavyaswhatIusedtogetinmyoldschool.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這里布置的家庭作業(yè)不像我以前在原來學(xué)校時那么繁重。①(牛津詞典)Weusedtogosailingonthelakeinsummer.以前在夏天,我們經(jīng)常在湖上泛舟。beusedtodosth. 被用來做某事be/getusedto(doing)sth. 習(xí)慣于(做)某事②Thisknifecanbeusedtocutthings.這把刀能夠被用于切東西。③Travellersare/getusedtolivingindifferentclimatesandconditions.旅行者習(xí)慣在不同的氣候和條件下生活。[圖形助記]巧記“過去常干”、“習(xí)慣于”usedtobe/getusedtobeusedtochallengingadj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的(教材P2)However,itwasabitchallengingformeatfirst,becauseallthehomeworkwasinEnglish.可一開始我還是覺得有些挑戰(zhàn)性,因為所有的作業(yè)都是英語的。①(朗文辭典)Teachingyoungchildrenisachallengingandrewardingjob.幼兒教育是一項具有挑戰(zhàn)性和有意義的工作。(1)challengen. 挑戰(zhàn)faceachallenge 面臨挑戰(zhàn)meetthechallengeof... 迎接……挑戰(zhàn)(2)challengevt. 向……挑戰(zhàn)challengedosth. 向某人挑戰(zhàn)……challengesth. 向某人挑戰(zhàn)……②(2023·浙江高考·單項填空)Creatinganatmosphereinwhichemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.創(chuàng)造一種使員工感到是團(tuán)隊的一部分的氛圍是一個很大的挑戰(zhàn)。③(牛津詞典)Mikechallengedmetoagameofchess.邁克硬逼著要和我下一盤棋。[名師點津]根據(jù)漢語思維,在表示“向某人挑戰(zhàn)”時,常習(xí)慣性地在sb.前面加to,其實challenge(inviteenterafight,competitionetc.)本身已含有“向……挑戰(zhàn)”之意,是及物動詞,因而不要在challenge后加to。encouragementn.鼓勵(教材P2)Ifeltlucky,asallmyteachersgavememuchencouragementandIenjoyedallmysubjects...讓我感到幸運(yùn)的是,所有的老師都給了我很多鼓勵,因此我也喜歡我所學(xué)的每一門功課……①Youwillneverknowhowmuchyourencouragementmeanttome.你絕不會知道你的鼓勵對我多么有意義。(1)encouragevt. 鼓勵;鼓舞encouragedosth. 鼓勵某人做某事(2)couragen. 勇氣;膽量havethecouragetodosth. 有干某事的勇氣②(2023·江蘇高考·單項填空)Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedtodeveloptotheirgreatestpotential.學(xué)校應(yīng)該是鼓勵個體最大限度地發(fā)展自己潛力的地方。③Hehasthecouragetosailaroundtheworldbyhimself.他有膽量獨自駕船環(huán)游世界。forexample例如(教材P3)StudentsatthatschoolhavetostudyMaths,EnglishandScience,butcanstopstudyingsomesubjectsiftheydonotlikethem,forexample,HistoryandFrench.數(shù)學(xué)、英語和科學(xué)是該校的必修課,但是,如果學(xué)生們不喜歡某些科目是可以中斷學(xué)習(xí)的,如歷史和法語。Ballgames,forexample,havespreadaroundtheworld.例如,球類運(yùn)動已經(jīng)在世界各地傳播開了。[明辨異同]forexample/suchas/namelyforexample用來舉例說明某一論點或情況,一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例,作插入語,可位于句首、句中或句末suchas用來列舉時,一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間,as后面不可有逗號namely表示列舉全部,用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞后forexample,suchas,namely①Ilikedrinksteaandcoffee.②Manygreatpeoplerosefrompoorbackgrounds—Lincoln,③Englishisspokeninmanycountries,AustraliaandCanada.④Themanknowsthreeforeignlanguages,F(xiàn)rench,GermanandEnglish.【答案】①suchas②forexample③suchas④namely(教材P3)IlookbackonmytimeintheUKwithsatisfaction,andIreallyhopetogobackandstudyinManchesteragain.回想起在英國的那些時候,我很滿意,我真的希望有一天我可以再回到曼徹斯特去學(xué)習(xí)。(1)lookback(on)回憶,回顧①Iliketolookbackonmyhigh-schooldays,whichwerethehappiesttimeinmylife.我喜歡回顧我的中學(xué)時代,那是我生命中最快樂的時光。lookforwardto 盼望,期待lookdownon/upon 看不起,輕視lookout 向外看;當(dāng)心;警戒lookinto 向里看;調(diào)查lookthrough 瀏覽,翻閱②I'mreallylookingforwardtoourvacation.我真的盼著假期的到來。③(朗文辭典)Policearelookingintothedisappearanceoftwochildren.警察正在調(diào)查兩個孩子失蹤的事。(2)withsatisfaction滿意地①Shecanlookbackonherbusinesswithgreatsatisfaction.她可以在回顧自己的事業(yè)時覺得心滿意足。(1)satisfactionn. 滿意toone'ssatisfaction 令某人滿意的是expressone'ssatisfaction 表達(dá)某人的滿意(2)satisfyvt. 使?jié)M意(3)satisfyingadj. 令人滿意的(4)satisfiedadj. 感到滿意的besatisfiedwith 對……感到滿意besatisfiedtodosth. 滿足于做某事②Tomysatisfaction,hemadegreatsuccessinhisthirties.令我滿意的是,他在三十幾歲時就取得了很大的成功。③Ithinkwhattheboy'sachievedissatisfying.我認(rèn)為這個男孩所取得的成績是令人滿意的。[語境助記]Theresultoftheexperimentwasveryonlydidwefeelsatisfiedwithit,butourteacherlookedatuswithsatisfaction.這次實驗的結(jié)果非常令人滿意。不僅我們對此感到滿意,我們的老師也滿意地看著我們。exchangen.&vt.交換;交流(教材P5)Nextyear,IplanonattendingahighschoolinChinaonastudentexchangeprogramme,andIfoundyourarticleagreatencouragementtome.下一年,我計劃通過學(xué)生交流項目上中國的高中,我發(fā)現(xiàn)你的文章對我來說是一個莫大的鼓勵。(1)inexchangefor 作為(對……的)交換(2)exchangesb. 與某人交流/交換……exchangeAforB 把A換成B①(牛津詞典)WouldyoulikemyoldTVinexchangeforthiscamera?用我的舊電視機(jī)換這架照相機(jī),你愿意嗎?②(朗文辭典)Attheendofthegame,playerstraditionallyexchangeshirtswitheachother.按照傳統(tǒng),比賽結(jié)束時兩隊隊員互換球衣。③(朗文辭典)WherecanIexchangemydollarsforpounds?我在哪里可以把美元兌換成英鎊?[圖形助記]圖形記憶exchangeⅠ.語境填詞用所給單詞的正確形式填空【導(dǎo)學(xué)號:25180001】1.Inotherwords,ifyouwanttoseeklife-longsatisfaction,you'vegottomove,asatisfyingresultwillcometoyouandmakeyousatisfied.(satisfy)2.Althoughthegamewasverychallenging,hechallengedhimselftoitwithouthesitation.(challenge)3.Theexperiencedmountainclimberexperiencedalotofadventures,andhegainedmuchexperiencefromhisownadventurousexperiences.(experience)4.Thankstomyteacher'sencouragement,Imadecontinuousandencouragingprogressinmystudy.(encourage)5.Fewpeopleareabletodevotethemselvesfullytotheirtheyaredevotedtothem,theirdevotionmustbringthemabigsuccess.(devote)Ⅱ.選詞填空devote...to...,usedto,forfree,befondof,lookback(on),attheendof,withsatisfaction1.I'dliketolookbackonmyschooldays,becausethereweremanyenjoyableexperiencesduringthatperiod.2.Attheendofthemeeting,theheadteachercameinandgaveussomeadviceonstudy.3.Weusedtogosailingonthelakeinsummer,butnowwegoswimminginstead.4.Alanguageexchangeisagreatwaytolearnalanguageforfree.5.Thelittleboysmiledwithsatisfactionwhenhesawhisparents.(教材P2)GoingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyearwasaveryenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.在英國上了一年的中學(xué)對我來說是一段非常令人愉快和興奮的經(jīng)歷?!疽c提煉】句中g(shù)oingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyear為動名詞短語,在句中作主語。①(2023·安徽高考·單項填空)Ignoringthedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.忽視這兩個研究成果之間的差異將會是你會犯的最糟糕的錯誤之一。(1)動名詞(短語)作主語可放在句首,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。動名詞作主語往往表示比較籠統(tǒng)的、一般的或習(xí)慣性的動作。(2)動名詞作主語時也可以用it作形式主語,多用于某些名詞或形容詞之后。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(It'suselessdoingsth.,It'snousedoingsth.)) 做某事沒有用處It'snogooddoingsth. 做某事沒有好處It'sawasteoftimedoingsth. 做某事浪費時間②It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水難收。③It'snogoodsleepinginbedallday.整天在床上睡覺沒有好處。(教材P2)Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soitwasastruggleformetorememberallthefacesandnames.上某些課的時候,班上的同學(xué)也不一樣,所以對我來說記住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件難事。【要點提煉】句中torememberallthefacesandnames作真正的主語,it作形式主語。①ItwasanenjoyableexperienceforhimtoattendthesecondsummerYouthOlympicsinNanjing.能夠參加第二屆南京夏季青年奧運(yùn)會對他來說是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷。(1)該句屬于“It+be+n./adj.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.”句型。在英語表達(dá)中,為了保持句子的平衡或結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,常用it作形式主語,而把真正的主語(不定式)放在句子后面。(2)在上述結(jié)構(gòu)中,for前面通常是difficult,necessary,important等多與事物特征有關(guān)的形容詞;而of前面通常是wise,kind,stupid,nice等與人的性格特點有關(guān)的形容詞。②It'snoteasytolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語不容易。③ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese.對于一個外國人來說學(xué)漢語很難。(教材P5)IdidnotrealizeschoolsintheUKaresodifferentfromschoolsinChinauntilIreadyourarticle.直到我讀了你的文章才意識到中國的學(xué)校與英國的學(xué)校是如此不同?!疽c提煉】not...until...表示“直到……才……”,until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,not否定的是主句的謂語。①(2023·廣東高考·完形填空)Afterall,manyolderpeopledon'tbegintoexperiencephysicalandmentaldeclineuntilafterage75.畢竟,許多年長的人直到75歲后才經(jīng)歷身體和精神的衰退。(1)not...until...“直到……才……”,表示直到某一時間,某一行為才發(fā)生,之前該行為并沒有發(fā)生。用在否定句中,主句中的謂語動詞是短暫性動詞。(2)notuntil還可以用于倒裝句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句中:①倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu):Notuntil+狀語(副詞、介詞短語、從句)+部分倒裝;②強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):Itis/was+notuntil...+that...②Notuntilhesawhisfatherlyinginbed,dying,didherealizehowmuchhelovedhim.直到看見父親奄奄一息地躺在床上,他才意識到自己有多么愛他。③ItwasnotuntilIsawmysisterthatIfelthappy.直到我看到妹妹我才感到高興。句型轉(zhuǎn)換【導(dǎo)學(xué)號:25180002】1.Idon'tthinkthattolearnmedicineisadvisableforhim.→Idon'tthinkthatitisadvisableforhimtolearnmedicine.2.It'sapleasurethatwewillgotoItalyonholiday.→It'sapleasureforustogotoItalyonholiday.3.WatchingTVtoomuchisnotgood.→It'snogoodwatchingTVtoomuch.4.Ididn'tknowanythingaboutituntilyoutoldme.→NotuntilyoutoldmedidIknowanythingaboutit.5.Youarekindtotakemetothestation.→It'skindofyoutotakemetothestation.StudentsatthatschoolhavetostudyMaths,EnglishandScience,butcanstopstudyingsomesubjectsiftheydonotlikethem,forexample,HistoryandFrench.【分析】eq\f(Studentsatthatschoolhavetostudy...andScience,第一分句),eq\f(but,轉(zhuǎn)折連詞)eq\f(()canstopstudyingsomesubjects,第二分句中的主句)eq\f(iftheydonotlikethem,第二分句中的條件狀語從句),eq\f(forexample,HistoryandFrench,somesubjects的同位語).【翻譯】數(shù)學(xué)、英語和科學(xué)是該校的必修課,但是如果學(xué)生們不喜歡某些科目是可以中斷學(xué)習(xí)的,如歷史和法語。SectionⅢWordpower&Grammarandusage根據(jù)提示寫出下列單詞1.formeradj. 以前的2.graduatevi. 畢業(yè)n. 畢業(yè)生3.fluentadj. 流利的4.paintingn. 繪畫,繪畫作品5.donatevt. 捐贈6.kindnessn. 善意7.splendidadj. 極佳的,非常好的8.independentadj. 獨立的9.developvt.&vi. (使)發(fā)展;發(fā)育;開發(fā)看單詞學(xué)構(gòu)詞后綴-ness用于把形容詞變成名詞,如:ill→illness疾??;sick→sickness患病,惡心;sad→sadness悲傷;careless→carelessness粗心;loud→loudness響度等。根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語1.nextto 挨著2.beavailablefor 可用于……3.a(chǎn)llyearround 整年4.graduatefrom 從……畢業(yè)5.donate...to 把……捐贈給6.makeuseof 利用7.takegoodcareof 好好照顧8.referto 提到,涉及9.differencesbetween...and... ……與……間的差異10.foronething...foranotherthing... 一方面……,另一方面……根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列教材原句1.Whetherstudentswanttoexerciseorjustwantsomefun,theycanuseourgym.不管學(xué)生是想鍛煉身體還是僅僅為了娛樂,他們都可以使用我們的體育館。2.Uponfinishinghisstudies,hestartedtravellinginChina.學(xué)習(xí)一結(jié)束,他就開始游歷中國。閱讀P9教材課文,選擇最佳答案1.DavidHolmesoncestudied.A.a(chǎn)tourschoolin2023B.inOxfordUniversityC.inChinaD.ChinesecultureinChina【答案】C2.Afterhegraduatedfromuniversity,hewenttoChina.A.sothathecouldtravelinChinaB.becausehewasfondofteachingEnglishC.sothathecouldmakefriendswithhisChinesestudentsD.inordertostudyChinese【答案】D3.WhenDavidcamebacktoBritain,.A.hedonatedallofhisbooks,paintingtoourschoolB.hegotmanyChinesebooks,paintingsandsoonC.thepaintingsandbookswereonshownD.theteachersandstudentsonlylikedthephotosverymuch【答案】B4.Attheopenday,.A.DavidwillgiveaspeechB.listenerswillknowDavid'sexperiencesinBeijingC.thespeechwillbeheldat3a.9OctoberD.listenerswillnotaskDavidanyquestions【答案】Aformeradj.以前的(教材P9)FormerstudentreturnsfromChina以前的學(xué)生從中國歸來①(2023·全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀理解D)Nowthisformerroyalpalaceisopentothepublicasamajortouristattraction.現(xiàn)在,這座前皇家宮殿作為一個主要的旅游景點向公眾開放。(1)formern. (兩者之中的)前者(2)latteradj. 后者的n. (兩者之中的)后者②(朗文辭典)Whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.如果某地失業(yè)率和犯罪率都很高,可以認(rèn)為后者是前者造成的。[名師點津]former用作形容詞時,僅用于名詞前。former用作名詞時通常與the連用,與thelatter“(兩者之中的)后者”相呼應(yīng)。graduatevi.畢業(yè)n.畢業(yè)生(教材P9)Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,hewenttoChinatostudyChineseatBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,他就去中國北京語言文化大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)漢語去了。①Heisagraduateinmedicine.他是醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位獲得者。②Experienceisaschoolfromwhichonecannevergraduate.經(jīng)驗無止境。(1)graduatefrom 畢業(yè)于(某個學(xué)校)graduatein 獲得(某個學(xué)士學(xué)位)(2)agraduateof 某學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生(3)graduationn. 畢業(yè)③HegraduatedinphysicsfromCambridgeUniversity.他畢業(yè)于劍橋大學(xué),獲物理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。[圖形助記]圖記“眾生”developv.(使)發(fā)展;發(fā)育;培養(yǎng);開發(fā);沖洗(膠卷)(教材P9)InChinahedevelopedaninterestinteachingEnglishtoChinesestudents.在中國,他對教中國學(xué)生學(xué)英語產(chǎn)生了興趣。(1)developaninterestin 對……產(chǎn)生興趣developthehabitof 養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣developinto... 發(fā)展成為……(2)developmentn. 發(fā)展withthedevelopmentof... 隨著……的發(fā)展①(朗文辭典)Chicagodevelopedintoabigcityinthelate1800s.19世紀(jì)末,芝加哥發(fā)展成了一個大城市。②Hehasdevelopedthehabitofmakingnoteswhilereading.他已養(yǎng)成了讀書時記筆記的習(xí)慣。③(2023·安徽高考·單項填空)Theybelievethattherearetransportdevelopmentsaroundthecornerthatwillbringalotofchangesforthebetter.他們相信交通的發(fā)展已經(jīng)近在眼前了,那會帶來很多更好的變化。donatevt.捐贈(教材P9)Hedonatedmostofthemtoourschoollibrary.他把它們的大部分(書、字典、油畫和照片)都捐給了我們學(xué)校的圖書館。①Morethan100menhurriedtothescenetodonatetheirblood.有100多人緊急趕到現(xiàn)場獻(xiàn)血。(1)donate...to... 向……捐助……(2)donationn. 捐贈makeadonationto 向……捐助……②(牛津詞典)Hedonatedthousandsofpoundstocharity.他向慈善事業(yè)捐款數(shù)千英鎊。③(朗文辭典)Wouldyouliketomakeadonationtoourcharityappeal?你愿意響應(yīng)我們的慈善捐款呼吁嗎?referto指的是;提到,涉及;參考,查閱(教材P10)Inattributiveclauses,thatandwhichareusedtorefertothings.在定語從句中,that和which被用來指物。①(朗文辭典)Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.我們說定永遠(yuǎn)不再提這件事。(1)referto...as... 把……稱作……refer...to... 將……送交給……,把……介紹給……(2)referencen. 提到,涉及;參考,查閱;推薦信②Allhisstudentsreferredtohimas“Blackbeard”.他的學(xué)生們都稱他為“黑胡子”。③(牛津詞典)Shemadenoreferencetoherillnessbutonlytoherfutureplans.她沒有提到她的病,只說了說她未來的計劃。[明辨異同]referto/lookupreferto其后直接跟書籍、詞典等名詞。lookup意為“查閱”,后面跟所要查找的詞作賓語。referto,lookup【導(dǎo)學(xué)號:25180003】①WhendoingsomeEnglishreading,you'dbetternotnewwordsinthedictionary.②Weoftenthesebooksinourwork.③Thescientistglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech.【答案】①lookup②referto③referredtoindependentadj.獨立的(教材P11)Therestofthetimewhichtheyspendatschoolisusedforindependentstudy.他們在學(xué)校度過的剩余的時間用來獨立學(xué)習(xí)。(1)beindependentfrom 脫離于,從……獨立出來beindependentof 不依靠,獨立于(2)independencen. 獨立(3)dependentadj. 依靠的,依賴的(4)dependvi. 依靠,依賴dependon/upon=bedependenton/upon 依賴,依靠①IusedtobedependentonmyI'mindependentofthem.我從前依賴父母;現(xiàn)在我獨立了。②Wedependonenergytodomanythingsinourdailylives.在日常生活中,我們做很多事都離不開能源。[名師點津]可說depend/dependence/dependenton,卻只能說independentof/from。makeuseof利用(教材P11)Withsomuchfreetime,studentswhodonotmakegooduseoftheirtimemaynotpasstheirexams.有那么多自由的時間,沒充分利用時間的學(xué)生可能不會通過考試。①(朗文辭典)Wewillmakeuseofhervastexperience.我們將利用她豐富的經(jīng)驗。makegooduseof 好好利用makefulluseof 充分利用makethebestof=makethemostof 充分利用②Weshouldmakegooduseoftime.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)好好利用時間。③Wemustmakefulluseof/makethebestof/makethemostoftheresourceswehave.我們必須充分利用我們現(xiàn)有的資源。[名師點津]makeuseofsth.是“v.+n.+prep.”形式的短語動詞,其被動結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種,當(dāng)sth.作主語時為:sth.+bemadeuseof;當(dāng)名詞use作主語時為:use+bemadeofsth.對該短語的考查經(jīng)常從其被動語態(tài)入手,做題時要注意識別。Ⅰ.語境填詞1.Whenshegraduatedfromhighschool,herparentscametohisgraduationceremony.(graduate)2.Childrenwhotendtobeindependentoftenbenefitfromtheirindependence.(independence)3.IcanspeakEnglishfluently,somanyclassmatesadmiremyfluentEnglishverymuch.(fluency)4.Anoldmandonatedalotofmoneytotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakesoheishighlyrespectedforhisdonation.(donate)5.TheUSAisadevelopedcountrywhileChinaisadevelopinginrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,Chinaisdevelopingveryfastandbecomingstrongerandstronger.(develop)Ⅱ.選詞填空【導(dǎo)學(xué)號:25180004】allyearround,graduatefrom,referto,donate...to,makeuseof,takegoodcareof,foronething...foranotherthing...1.Ifyouwanttogotoakeyuniversity,youhavetomakeuseofyourtime.2.Itissaidthatourheadmasterhasdonatedalotofmoneytothepoorstudents.3.Iwillgraduatefromthisfour-starseniormiddleschoolinthreeyears.4.You'dbettertakegoodcareofyourmotherwhensheissick.5.Iwon'ttravelwithonething,Ihavenoanotherthing,Ihavenomoneywithme.(教材P7)Whetherstudentswanttoexerciseorjustwantsomefun,theycanuseourgym.不管學(xué)生是想鍛煉身體還是僅僅為了娛樂,他們都可以使用我們的體育館?!疽c提煉】whether...or...在此句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“不管(無論)……還是……”。①(2023·天津高考·閱讀理解B)Whetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtobecomealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.無論是在家里還是在工作場所,在未來的幾年里社交機(jī)器人會更為普遍。(1)whether...or...作“不管……還是……”解時,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,用于表示在從句所提供的兩種選擇之下,主句所表示的結(jié)果都一樣。(2)whether...or...作“是……還是……”解時,引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、用于提供兩種選擇。(3)whether...or...連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)——名詞、代詞、非謂語動詞、介賓短語或句子,用于提供兩種選擇。②(朗文辭典)Shewasuncertainwhethertostayorleave.她拿不定主意是該留下還是離開。[明辨異同]if/whetherif和whether作“是否”解時可通用,但兩者仍有區(qū)別:(1)whetherornot作為一個短語用時,不能用if替換whether;如果whether與ornot分開使用,可用if替換whether。(2)引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時,只用whether。(3)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,作介詞賓語時,只用whether。(4)后跟不定式時,只用whether。(5)主句為否定句,則只能用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句,而不用whether。if,whether①Istilldon'tknowornothe'splanningtocome.②ameetingwillbeheldornothasnotbeendecided.③Idon'tknowwhatIamsayingmakesanysense.【答案】①whether②Whether③if(教材P9)Uponfinishinghisstudies,hestartedtravellinginChina.學(xué)習(xí)一結(jié)束,他就開始游歷中國【要點提煉】uponfinishing相當(dāng)于assoonashefinished,在句中作狀語,upon也可替換為on。①Upon/Onhisarriving,hewentstraighttotheheadmaster.他一到就直接到校長那兒去了。(1)upon/on(doing)sth.表示“一……就……”,為介詞短語,在句子中作時間狀語。(2)表示“一……就……”的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)還有:①assoonas②immediately,directly,instantly③themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant④hardly...when...,nosooner...than...②(2023·重慶高考·完形填空A)Uponherreturnhome,Alicewasfilledwithjoyatthenews.愛麗絲一回到家,聽到這個消息感到很高興。③Hardlyhadhearrivedatthestationwhenhefoundthatthetrainhadleft.=Nosoonerhadhearrivedatthestationthanhefoundthatthetrainhadleft.=Themomenthearrivedatthestation,hefoundthatthetrainhadleft.他剛一到車站就發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。[名師點津]在hardly...when...和nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句用一般過去時,主句用過去完成時。hardly和nosooner置于句首時,主句要部
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