小學(xué)英語語法及練習(xí)題（2022年整理）

優(yōu)質(zhì)資料word版本——下載后可編輯優(yōu)質(zhì)資料word版本——下載后可編輯35/35優(yōu)質(zhì)資料word版本——下載后可編輯小學(xué)英語基本語法及練習(xí)Contents名詞名詞的數(shù)名詞的格代詞人稱代詞物主代詞冠詞與數(shù)詞冠詞數(shù)詞一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)句型陳述句疑問句祈使句Therebe句型與have\has總結(jié)考試第一章名詞（Noun）名詞的概念在生活中，我們會接觸到各種各樣的人和事物，用來表示這些人或事物名稱的詞就是名詞。一、名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù)指名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式?？蓴?shù)名詞表示“一個”時用單數(shù)，“兩個以上”時用復(fù)數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞表示量時，通常用“數(shù)詞+單位+of+物質(zhì)名詞”的形式，如apieceofbread(一片面包)，變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時，只須將單位名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，如：twopiecesofbread(兩片面包)。*名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成法則1.一般情況下在詞尾加

s.詞尾讀音shopshops(商店)在清輔音后讀[s]bagbags(書包)在濁輔音后讀[z]windowwindows(窗戶)在元音后讀[z]2.以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾加es。classclasses(班級)詞尾讀音[iz]boxboxes(盒子)matchmatches(比賽)brushbrushes(刷子)3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i加es.storystories(故事)詞尾讀音[iz]4.以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾直接加skeykeys詞尾讀音[z]monkeymonkeys5.以“o”結(jié)尾的名詞，復(fù)數(shù)一般在詞尾加“s”,但個別加“es”tomatotomatoes(西紅柿)詞尾讀音[z]potatopotatoes(土豆)zoozoos(動物園)photophotos(照片)*（以“o”結(jié)尾，復(fù)數(shù)加“es”）口訣：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)，左手拿著西紅柿(tomato)，右手拿著破土豆(potato)，頭頂一個大芒果（mango）。6.以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變f或fe為ves.leafleaves(樹葉)詞尾讀音[vz]knifeknives(小刀)*（以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞，需把f或fe變ves的單詞）口訣：妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）嚇得發(fā)了慌，躲在架下（shelf）保己命，半(half)片樹葉（leaf）遮目光。*（以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加“s”的單詞）口訣：長頸鹿(giraffe)站在屋檐(roof)下，左手拿著手絹(handkerchief)，右手拿著高爾夫球(golf)。例：roofroofs(屋頂)7.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化manmen(男人)toothteeth(牙齒)childchildren(兒童)mousemice(老鼠)footfeet(腳)womanwomen(女人)8.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣sheepsheep(綿羊)deerdeer（鹿）EnglishEnglish（英國人）ChineseChinese（中國人）*（不規(guī)則名詞變復(fù)數(shù)）口訣：男人，女人a變e；鵝，足，牙齒oo變ee；其實老鼠也好記ous變ic；孩子加上ren，魚鹿綿羊不用記。二、名詞所有格的構(gòu)成法1.主要是在詞尾加’s構(gòu)成。如:ThisisTom’sdesk.這是湯姆的書桌。ThatisMike’sbook.那是邁克的書。2.如果原名詞已經(jīng)有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s,則僅加一個’.如:theteachers’readingroom教師閱覽室thepupils’pencil-boxes學(xué)生們的文具盒3.如果原詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但不是以s結(jié)尾，變?yōu)樗懈裥问叫柙诤竺婕由稀痵。如：thechildren’spalace少年宮men’sroom男廁所*名詞所有格口訣：名詞所有格，s前面加一撇’，復(fù)數(shù)s放在尾，后加一撇就完結(jié)，兩人共有算一個，后面只加一個撇。名詞練習(xí)題寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.computer____________2.apple____________3.city______________4.house_____________5.sheep_____________6.watch______________7.tomato_____________8.child_____________9.tooth________10.foot______________11.wife_____________12.potato____________13.play_____________14.day____________15.glass______________16.radio______________17.zoo______________18.life______________19.story_____________20.leaf_____________21.baby_____________22.dress_____________23.butterfly_____________24.deer_____________25.class_____________26.brush_____________27.key_____________28.English____________29.mouse____________30.man_____________二、漢譯英1．Tom的足球_________________2.老師們的自行車_________________3．學(xué)生們的課桌_________________4.哥哥的文具盒_________________5．姑姑的卡片_________________6.猴子們的香蕉_________________7．螞蟻們的早餐_________________8.媽媽的包_________________9．姐姐的連衣裙_________________10女孩們的蘋果_________________三、把下列句子翻譯成英文1．這些是Peter的籃球嗎？________________________________________2．這個是老師的鋼筆嗎？___________________________________________3．有一些書在Sam的課桌上。________________________________________4．有一些孩子們在教室里。___________________________________________四、改錯（圈出錯處，在橫線上改正過來）1.Therearesomebutterflysonthetable.________________________2.ThisisAlicedress.______________________3.Iliketomatoverymuch.__________________五、將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。1．Thisdogisbrown.___________________________________________________2.Thereisabookandapenonthetable.___________________________________________________3.Thatwomanisateacher.___________________________________________________能力測試卷（名詞）將下列名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.planetreelessonmonthappleshirt2.boxbusbrushwatchclassfox3.knifelifeleafWifethief4.dayboymonkeybabycountrystory5.photoradiopianotomatohero6.childtoothmanSheepEnglishChinese二、判斷正誤，并改正錯句，正確的打“√”1．Thehouseismybrother.________________________2.Hehasvisitedmanycountry.______________________3.TheyareEnglishs.______________________________4.ThisisTomredbike.____________________________三、選擇填空1．Therearetwo______intheroom.A.ChinesesB.Englishman2.Theoldmanwillhave___________out.A.twotoothsB.twoteeth3.____________aresoldinthisbookstore.A.Children’sbooksB.Childrenbooks4.Somefriendsof_________willcomehere.A.John’sB.John5.Canyougiveme______________?A.somepapersB.apieceofpaper6.Thereare______________onthefloor.A.someboxB.someboxes四、將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。1．Thissheepiswhite.___________________________________________________2.Thereisadeskandachairintheroom.___________________________________________________3.Thatmanisadoctor.___________________________________________________第二章代詞一、人稱代詞1．人稱代詞即表示“你、我、他、你們、我們、他們”等的詞，它的人稱、數(shù)和格的變化見下表：數(shù)人稱主格賓格單數(shù)第一人稱Ime第二人稱youyou第三人稱hesheithimherit復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱Weus第二人稱youyou第三人稱theythem主格與賓格：人稱代詞有主格和賓格兩種形式。主格主要用來做句子的主語；賓格主要用作賓語。人稱代詞主格用在句首作主語。Sheissittinginabus.她正坐在公共汽車上。人稱代詞賓格在動詞后作賓語。Thispenisbad.Ican’twritewithit.這支鋼筆不好，我沒法用它寫字。2.人稱代詞的排列順序人稱代詞并列使用時，通常以下列順序出現(xiàn)，請熟悉并記憶。單數(shù)代詞：youandI;youandhe;heandI;you,heandI復(fù)數(shù)代詞：weandthey;weandyou;youandthey;we,youandthey第三人稱單數(shù)代詞：heandshe*人稱代詞排序口訣：人稱代詞并列觀，注意順序禮貌見；單數(shù)人稱二、三、一，復(fù)數(shù)人稱一、二、三；麻煩事情“我”站前，其他人稱沒意見；兩性并用為三單，男先女后是習(xí)慣。二、物主代詞物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。人稱類別第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名詞性mineouryoursyourshis,hers,itstheirs名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞例，Whosecoatisthis?這是誰的上衣?It’shers.是她的。hers=hercoat*關(guān)于物主代詞的口訣：物主代詞很重要，譯成漢語都有“的”，后面必須加上物，否則就要犯錯誤，myyourhisheritsourtheir不放過。形容詞性是基礎(chǔ)，除了我的

“mine”外，其他詞尾“s”性形物代能力差，出門常把名詞加；名物代能力強，常來獨去又獨往。三、反身代詞反身代詞也叫“自身代詞”，表示“**自己”。數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself,herself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesIcandoitbymyself.我自己能做這件事。*反身代詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律記憶口訣：反身代詞有規(guī)律，第三人稱賓格加，其余開頭用物主，復(fù)數(shù)-ves替-f四、指示代詞This(這個)these(這些)指近處的事物That(那個)these(那些)指遠處的事物例，Thisisabook.這是本書。Thesearesomebooks.這些是書。Thatisacar.那是輛小汽車。Thosearesomecars.那些是小汽車代詞練習(xí)題根據(jù)題意，用所給詞的適當形式填空。Maryisafriendof______________.(I)Thisis________(she)ruler.________(I)isinthebag.Herbrotheristooyoungtolookafter_________(he)Thisis_________(I)book.Thisbookis_________(I).Thesepensare_________(we).二、填寫下列表格。人稱代詞我我們你，你們他她它他們主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞三、改寫下列句子Eg,Thisismybook.Thebookismine.Thatisherruler._________________________________Thesearetheirfootballs.__________________________________Thisismybackpack.____________________________________Thoseareyourboxes.____________________________________四、把下列句子改寫成復(fù)數(shù)。1.Thisisabutterfly.____________________________________________2.Thatisabus.________________________________________________3.Itisamouse.________________________________________________五、改錯。1.Thisisminelamp.___________________________________________2.Theseareoursbooks.____________________________________________3.Thataretheirteacher.___________________________________________4.Thehouseismybrother.________________________5.Hehasvisitedmanycountry.______________________6.TheyareChineses.______________________________7.ThisisTomredbike.____________________________能力測試卷（代詞）幫下面的好朋友團圓（連線）I她its我們her他（她，它）們we我they你的their他（她，它）們your她的she它的二、填空1．She’sateacher.Thisis_________bag.2.He’sadriver.Thisis___________taxi.3.Iamaboy.__________nameisPeter.4.--What’s__________name?--MynameisTony.5.It’smypuppy.______nameisMimi.三、選擇()1.Yourbookisnotsooldas_________.A.himB.heC.hisD.she()2._____bookisit?It’s________.A.Whose…h(huán)erB.Whose…h(huán)ersC.Who…h(huán)ersD.Whom…h(huán)er()3.Heisafriendof________.A.ourB.usC.myD.mine四、改錯1.I,youandheareallteachers.______________________________________________________2.Thisismineteddybear.______________________________________________________3.Theseareoursbags.______________________________________________________4.Theseistheirteachers.______________________________________________________第三章數(shù)詞和冠詞一、數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目和順序的詞叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞又分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量，序數(shù)詞表示順序。最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示：1~1011~1920~1001one11eleven2two12twelve20twenty3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten100onehundred*基數(shù)詞的寫法：21~99的兩位數(shù)，十位與個位之間用連字符“-”。例：21twenty-one32thirty-two99ninety–nine百位數(shù)：個位數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”，表示幾百，在幾十幾與百位間加上and。例：101ahundredandone.320threehundredandtwenty648sixhundredandforty-eight2．序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1）一般來說，是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加詞尾th構(gòu)成。例，four+thfourthsix+thsixthseven+thseventhten+thtenth2）下面這些基數(shù)詞在變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時，有特殊的變化。例，onefirsttwosecondthreethirdfivefiftheighteighthnineninthtwelvetwelfth3）十位整數(shù)序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是將基數(shù)詞的詞y變成i，然后在加eth.例，twentytwentieththirtythirtiethfortyfortiethninetyninetieth兩位或兩位以上的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時，僅將個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞。例，twenty–onetwenty-firstthirty-fivethirty-fifthahundredandfifty-threeahundredandfifty-third*基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾加上th（fourth,sixth）一、二、三，單獨記；結(jié)尾字母t,d,d；（first，second，third）八去t,九去e,（eighth，ninth）；ve要用f替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基數(shù)變序數(shù)，ty將y變成i;th前面有個e；要是遇到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。二、冠詞冠詞分不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。a或an是不定冠詞，the是定冠詞。a用在輔音音素之前，如adesk,atree;an用在元音因素之前，如anapple,anhour,anEnglishbook.不定冠詞（a,an）指人或事物的某一種類，表示“一個”，但不強調(diào)數(shù)量。Sheisateacher.That’sanorange.定冠詞the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指說話人與聽話人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到過的人和事。Thisisabus.Thebusisbig.不用冠詞的情況：專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞前一般不用冠詞。如，Chinese,English,Jim等。名詞前已經(jīng)有this,that,my,your等詞時，就不再用冠詞了。如，thatmouse(那只老鼠)3)一些固定詞組前不用定冠詞。如，athome在家gotoschool去上學(xué)*定冠詞the的用法記憶口訣：特指、重提和唯一，島嶼、海峽和海灣；海洋、黨派、最高級，沙漠、河流與群山；方位、順序和樂器，年代、團體與機關(guān)；船名、建筑和組織，會議、條約與報刊；姓氏復(fù)數(shù)、國全名，記住定冠the加在前。*零冠詞用法口訣：月份、星期、節(jié)假洲，呼語、頭銜職務(wù)前；三餐、球類、慣用語，學(xué)科、棋類名詞前。冠詞和數(shù)詞專項練習(xí)一、在空白處填上適當?shù)墓谠~，不需要的填“/”。1)at____home2)goto_____bed3)goto_____school4)catch______badcold5)have_____goodtime6)______redapple7)_____Englishbook8)______spoon9)_____orange10)______melon11)_______eraser二、選擇填空1.Thereis_____“m”intheword“primary”anB.aC.theD./2.Thisis____orangebike.A.aB.anC.theD/3.Italwaystakesushalf_____hourtohave____longwalkaftersupper.A.a,aB,a,theC.an,aD.an,the4.Englishis____usefullanguagein____world.A.an,theB.a,theC.the,/D./,the5.Wearegoingto_____cinemathisevening.A.theB./C/aD.an6.He’sstandingon_____othersideof_____river.A.a,aB.the,theC.the,aD.a,the7._____potatoisavegetable,not____fruit.A.The,anB.The,aC.A,theD.An,/8.Hewas_____firsttocome.A.TheB.aC.theD./9.Doyousee____bookon_____table?A.the,aB.a,anC.an,anD.a,the10.Where’s_____desk?It’sin____middleoftheroom.A./,/B./,aC.a,/D.the,the11.Heis_____friendofmine.A.anB./C.theD.a12.Thereis____universitynearthefarm.A.aB.anC.theD./13.Hediedin____autumnof1989.A./B.theC.aD.an14.Ihave____book.It’s_____interestingone.Ilikereading____booksverymuch.A.a,an,/B.a,/,theC.an,an,theD./,an,/15.Todayis_____Children’sDay.A.aB.anC.theD/16.Thisis_____bag.Thatis____eraser.A.a,aB.a,anC.an,aD.an,an四、用代詞填空:1._____,_____and____areallgoodfriends.A.We,you,theyB.You,they,weC.We,they,youD.They,you,we2.____classroomisbig,but____ismuchbiggerthan_____.A.We,they,usB.Our,their,ourC.Our,theirs,oursD.Our,theirs,we3.Shelost____pen.Willyoulendher____?A.her,yoursB.his,yourC.hers,youD.their,yourself4.“Whatareyoudoing?”“Iamlookingat_____inthemirror?”A.meB.myselfC.itselfD.himself5.____,____and_____allenjoymusic.A.She,you,IB.I,she,youC.You,she,ID.I,you,she能力測試卷（冠詞和數(shù)詞）寫出相鄰的數(shù)詞1.twenty2.five3.twelve4.fifty-eight5.ninety6.seventy7.thirty-eight8.onehundred9.onethousand10.one二、選擇正確答案1.Therearedaysinayear.A.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive2.Therearestudentsinthisschool.A.eighthundredsandforty-sixB.eighthundredandfortysixC.eighthundredandforty-sixD.eighthundredforty-six3.Mybrotherisin.A.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeone4.Hewasdoingsomewashing.A.ateightyesterdaymorningB.yesterdaymorningeightC.yesterdaymorningateightD.byeightyesterdaymorning5.Therearemonthsinayear.Decemberisthemonthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth6.Sundayisthedayoftheweek.A.seventhB.firstC.secondD.third7.Autumnisseasoninayear.A.thefourthB.thethirdC.athirdD.third8.TomwastogettoschoolandIwas.A.first;ninthB.thefirst;theninthC.afirst;aninthD.thesecond;theninth9.What’sthedatetoday?It’s.A.FridayB.timetogoC.cloudyD.June4th10.Mondayisthesecondday,and.A.TuesdayisthefourthB.ThursdayisthefifthC.thesecondisTuesdayD.thesecondisThursday第四章一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時的定義一般現(xiàn)在時是表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作的時態(tài)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時的結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時用行為動詞的原形，但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時，動詞的詞尾要加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)在以連系動詞be和行為動詞read為例，對一般現(xiàn)在時的肯定句、否定句、疑問句及其簡略答語的構(gòu)成以表格形式加以說明：動詞肯定句否定句beIam…Iamnot…You/We/Theyare…You/We/Theyarenot…He/She/Itis...He/She/Itisnot…readI/We/You/Theyread…I/We/You/They/donotread…He/She/Itreads…He/She/Itdoesnotread…動詞疑問句簡略答語（肯定）簡略答語（否定）beAmI…?Yes,youare.No,youarenot.Areyou…?Yes,Iam/weare.No,Iam/wearenot.Arewe…?Yes,we/youare.No,we/youarenot.Arethey…?Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.Ishe…?Yes,heis.No,heisnot.Isshe…?Yes,sheis.No,sheisnot.Isit…?Yes,itis.No,itisnot.readDoI/we/theyread…?Yes,you/we/theydo.No,you/we/theydonot.Doeshe/she/itread…?Yes,he/she/itdoes.No,he/she/itdoesnot.連系動詞be的各種形式常與代詞或not縮寫成一個詞。助動詞do，does一般只有與not縮寫。聯(lián)系動詞be縮寫形式如下肯定縮寫否定縮寫IamI’mIamnotI’mnotYouareYou’reYouarenotYou’renot/Youaren’tHeisHe’sHeisnotHe’snot/Heisn’tSheisShe’sSheisnotShe’snot/Sheisn’tItisIt’sItisnotIt’snot/Itisn’tWeareWe’reWearenotWe’renot/Wearen’tTheyareThey’reTheyarenotThey’renot/Theyaren’t動詞donot的縮寫形式為don’t，doesnot的縮寫形式為doesn’t。動詞加-s或-es（動詞第三人稱單數(shù)）當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞需加-s或-es一般在詞尾加–s例：work—worksleaveleavesswimswims以字母s，x，ch，sh或o結(jié)尾的詞加-es例：passpassesfixfixesteachteachesdodoes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i再加-es例：studystudiescarrycarriesflyfliescrycries一般現(xiàn)在時的用法表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動作。常與often（經(jīng)常）,always（總是）,sometimes（有時）,everyday（每天）,onSundays/Mondays等表示頻度的時間狀語連用。一般現(xiàn)在時的時間狀語有：today,often,sometimes,always,usually,everyday(week,month,year,…),thisyear,onceaweek(month,year,…)一周（月，年）一次例句：Igetupat6o’clockeveryday.Heoftengoestoschoolbybike.表示客觀事實，普遍真理。例句：Twoandtwoarefour.二加二等于四。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)專項練習(xí)寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式posteatstopjumpgolikevisitpassrisereadridehavegivewriteswimstudywatchflyteachdo單項選擇()1._____youhaveabook?ADoB.AreC.IsD.Have()2.DoesLiLeiliketowatchTV?______________.A.Yes,helike.B.No,hedoesn’t.C.Yes,he’dlike.D.No,helikes.()3.Shedoesn’t______herhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do()4.How____Mr.Smith______toEngland?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes()5._____she______homeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left用下列動詞的適當形式填空1.I______(get)upat6o’clockeveryday.2.Myfather______(have)alovelydog.3.He______(go)toschoolonfoot.4.She______(do)notlikewatchingTV.5.They______(play)footballeverySundayafternoon.按要求完成下列各題1.TomorrowisSaturday.(變成一般疑問句)_________________Saturday?2.Doesheplaybasketballeveryweekend?(肯定回答)Yes,_____________.3.Shelookslikehersister.(變一般疑問句)_____she______likehersister?4.PeterandSamlookthesame.(一般疑問句)______they_____thesame?5.Dotheyalwaysgotothemovie(電影院)onSundays?(否定回答)No,______________.五、英漢互譯Tom經(jīng)常放學(xué)后（afterschool）踢足球。__________________________________我喜歡唱歌。__________________________________Heoftengoestoschoolonfoot.__________________________________Childrenliketoplaythisgame.__________________________________今天是星期日。__________________________________能力測試卷（一般現(xiàn)在時）寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式gohaveswimstudyrisestopdoridecrygowriteflyplayreadcomebuygivewatchworkcarry用動詞的適當形式填空He_______(go)toschoolonfoot.She_______notlikewatchingTV.(do)Myfather_______(have)alovelydog.Ioften______(get)upatsixeverymorning.Mymother_______(work)inaschool.英漢互譯他經(jīng)常在周六的時候讀英語。_____________________________Peter每天都幫助媽媽做家務(wù)。______________________________Tomalwaysplaysfootballafterschool.______________________________4．Igetupatsixo’clockeveryday._______________________________5.Thecoatfits(適合)meverywell._______________________________第五章現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時的定義現(xiàn)在進行時是表示在現(xiàn)在某一時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作的時態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時由“系動詞（am，is，are）+現(xiàn)在分詞（動詞加-ing形式）”構(gòu)成?，F(xiàn)在以動詞work為例，對現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句、否定句、疑問句及簡略答語列表說明：肯定句否定句Iamworking.Iamnotworking.Youareworking.Youarenotworking.He/She/Itisworking.He/She/Itisnotworking.We/You/Theyareworking.We/You/Theyarenotworking.疑問句簡略答語AmIworking?Yes,youare.No,youarenot.Areweworking?Yes,we/youare.No,we/youaren’t.Areyouworking?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.Yes,weare.No,wearenot.Ishe/sheitworking?Yes,he/she/itis.No,he/she/itisnot.Aretheyworking?Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成一般在動詞原形末尾加-ing。staystayingdodoinglistenlistening以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，先去掉e，再加-ing。makemakingrideridinggivegiving以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ing。putputtingsitsittingrunrunning以ie為重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，先去掉e，把i變?yōu)閥，再加–ing。lielyingdiedying現(xiàn)在進行時的用法表示現(xiàn)在或說話時正在進行的動作，常和下列時間狀語連用：now,atthismoment,atpresent,thesedays(years),thisterm…有時也與look,listen等連用。例句：Look,whatarethemonkeyseating?看，那些猴子在吃什么？表示當前一直或反復(fù)在進行的動作或難以終止的動作。例句：Theyarerunningandjumpingallthetime.他們一直在跑啊跳啊?，F(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)專項練習(xí)寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式stay__________do__________listen__________suffer__________refuse__________close__________operate_________die_________work________spend_________look_________make__________put__________sit__________run__________tie__________take_________give_________ride_________please_________win_________begin_________open_________lie_________用所給動詞的適當形式填空MaryandLucyare________(dance)now.Listen!Someoneis_______(play)thepianointhenextroom.Heis__________(sweep)theflooratthemoment.Look!Thecat________________(eat)thefishonthetable.A:______you_______(study)French?B:Yes,Iam.Sheoften____________(dance)afterschool.Myfatherandmother____________(swim)inthepond.Mysisteris________(fly)akiteinthegarden.Weare__________(watch)TVnow.Bequiet!Thebaby___________(sleep)now.改錯Wearecleanningourclassroom.______________________________Sheissinginthenextroom.______________________________Whatamyoudoing?______________________________MaryiscomeingbackfromBeijing.______________________________HeoftenflyingkitesonSundays.______________________________Theyisreadingbooksnow.______________________________Mybrotherisplaystheguitarnow._______________________________Sallyisdanceingintheroom._______________________________IwatchingTVathomenow.________________________________Doyoulisteningtheradionow?________________________________英漢互譯他正在教室里做作業(yè)。______________________________________________WearereadingEnglishnow.______________________________________________Peter和Billy正在操場上（intheplayground）打籃球。______________________________________________Look!Abirdisflyinginthesky.______________________________________________公共汽車來了。______________________________________________劉先生經(jīng)常在周日的時候（onSundays）看英語書。______________________________________________Heisn’tplayinggames.Heisstudying.______________________________________________孩子們在摘（pick）蘋果。______________________________________________Thatsonofyoursisalwaysmakingtroubles(搗亂).______________________________________________10.你們正在做什么?____________________________________________________能力測試卷（現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)）寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式及現(xiàn)在分詞形式play________________sit________________do________________stop________________put________________swim________________skate________________dance________________fly________________lie________________二、用動詞的適當形式填空1.Iam__________(watch)TVnow.He______________(play)intheclassroomnow.Sheoften__________(dance)afterschool.Mysisteris________(fly)akiteinthepark.Myparents(父母)________(swim)inthepond.三、改錯1.IwatchingTVathomenow.____________________________2.Myfatherisplaysthepiano.____________________________HeoftenflyingkitesonSundays.____________________________Theyisreadingbooks._____________________________Sheisdancingintheroom._____________________________英漢互譯1．Billy正在教室里做作業(yè)。________________________________________MymotheralwayscleansthehouseonSaturdays._________________________________________你正在做什么？_________________________________________他們沒有踢足球，他們在打籃球。_________________________________________Thebusiscoming.________________________________________句型一、陳述句定義：凡是說明一件事情，提出一個看法，或是表達一種心情的句子都是陳述句。大多數(shù)的句子都是陳述句，陳述句可以用肯定式和否定式?？隙ň渥兎穸ň淇隙ň渥兎穸ň渚褪羌觧otno或表示否定的詞英語的句子重要取決于動詞而動詞又有時態(tài)的變化因此在不同的時態(tài)的句子中的位置不同時態(tài)具體句型句子構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時動詞做謂語主語+be(am/is/are)+not+其他+.實意動詞做謂語主語+don’t/doesn’t+其他+.情態(tài)動詞+實意動詞主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形+其他+.現(xiàn)在進行時動詞做謂語主語+be動詞(am/is/are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他+.陳述句練習(xí)把下列陳述句變成否定句。1.MyfatherwatchesTVeveryday.Myfather_________TVeveryday.2.Kateoftendoesherhomeworkatsix.Kate____often____herhomeworkatsix.3.Igotoschoolatseven.I_______toschoolatseven.4.Sheusuallygoeshomebybus.She____usually____homebybus.5.Theyaregoodstudents.They________goodstudents.6.Heisclever.He________clever.7.Hehassomebreadforbreakfasteverymorning.He____________breadforbreakfasteverymorning.8.Ioftendrinksometeaintheafternoon.I___often________teaintheafternoon.9.Hehassomeeggs.He____________eggs.10.Kimlikeshisnewbike.Kim________hisnewbike.二、疑問句疑問句是用來提出問題的，疑問句又包括：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、反義疑問句和選擇疑問句。一、一般疑問句：1.一般疑問句又可以叫做yes/no句型，需要用yes或no來回答。2.一般疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞（am,is,are）+主語+表語？have動詞（表示“有”：have,has）+主語+賓語…？情態(tài)動詞（can,may,must…）+主語+行為動詞（或be）?助動詞(do,does)+主語+行為動詞？助動詞（shall,will,have,has…）+主語+行為動詞（或be）?3.變一般疑問句的方法：（一調(diào)，二變，三問號）當句中有Be(am,is,are)動詞的時候：1、將Be(am,is,are)提前，放于句首（大寫）；2、將人稱變換，第一人稱變第二人稱（I→you,we→you,my→your,our→your），第二人稱變第一人稱（you→I,you→we,your→my,your→our），第三人稱不變（一變二，二變一，三不變）3、在句尾加問號“？”4、回答：肯定：Yes,主語+be.否定：No,主語+be+not.當句中沒有Be動詞，有情態(tài)動詞的時候：1、提前can,may，放于句首（大寫）；2、將人稱變換，第一人稱變第二人稱（I→you,we→you,my→your,our→your），第二人稱變第一人稱（you→I,you→we,your→my,your→our），第三人稱不變（一變二，二變一，三不變）3、在句尾加問號“？”4、回答：肯定：Yes,主語+can.否定：No,主語+can+not.句中沒有Be動詞和情態(tài)動詞can的時候：在句首加Do或Does，當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的時候用Does，其它都用Do2、將人稱變換，第一人稱變第二人稱（I→you,we→you,my→your,our→your），第二人稱變第一人稱（you→I,you→we,your→my,your→our），第三人稱不變（一變二，二變一，三不變）3、在句尾加問號“？”4、回答：肯定：Yes,主語+do/does否定：No,主語+do/does+not.其它在句中要變換的詞有some→any,am→are英語里只有三種人稱.第一人稱：我,我們,(I),we【me,us】(我),我們第二人稱：你,你們,(you),you【you,you】(你),你們第三人稱：他，她，它(he,she,it,)【him,her,it】他們they【them】還有一些人名也算第三人稱,比如Kangkang,Jane.像yourfather(你的爸爸)這也算第三人稱.第三人稱單數(shù)指他(he)她(she)它(it)或者單個人名,第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)是都用they他們/她們/它們此外，不可數(shù)名詞在用法上也同于第三人稱單數(shù)。二、特殊疑問句：以疑問代詞what,who(whom),whose,which或疑問副詞when,where,how,why放在句首提問的句子叫做特殊疑問句，答語只要針對問句中的疑問代詞或疑問副詞來回答，不用yes或no。1.疑問詞+一般疑問句（疑問詞作賓語、表語、狀語或定語）。Whatdoyouwant?你要什么？WhendoyouhaveEnglishclass?你們什么時候有英語課？Whosecoatisthis?這是誰的大衣？Howdidheknowit?他是怎么知道它的？Whydidyousaythis?你為什么要這么說？Whichisyourumbrella?哪個是你的雨傘？Wherewerethesebusesmade?這些巴士是哪兒制造的？2.疑問代詞作主語或作主語的定語時，詞序與陳述句相同：疑問代詞（+名詞）+謂語。WhoteachesyourbrotherJapanese?誰教你弟弟日語？Whatisintheboxonthetable?桌上那個盒子里裝的是什么？Whosehandwritingisthebestinyourclass?你們班里誰的書法最好？*疑問代詞：who:主語、賓語、表語、用來提問表示“人”的各種成分。whose:用來提問“誰的”。which:用來提問“哪一個/位”。what:提問表示“干什么”等意思*疑問副詞：when:提問在何時。where:提問在何地why:提問表示原因的短語或句子how:提問表示程度或方式的副詞或短語*由疑問詞how構(gòu)成的短語引導(dǎo)的問句howold(表示年齡)多大了,howlong（表示時間或物體的長短）有多長,howmany+復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示多少,howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞表示多少,howfar（表示距離）多遠疑問句專項練習(xí)按要求改寫句子，每空格限填一詞。1.It’salargeroom.(改為復(fù)數(shù)形式)_____________largerooms.2.Hehastobuyadictionaryforhisdaughter.(改為否定句)He______________tobuyadictionaryforhisdaughter.3.UncleWanglikesmakingthings.(改為否定句)UncleWang______________makingthings.4.Annreturnedthebooktothelibraryyesterday.(改寫為一般疑問句)______Ann_______thebooktothelibraryyesterday?.5.Thehospitalisabout300metersaway.(就劃線部分提問)_______________isthehospital?6.Therearefifty-twostudentsinourclass.(就劃線部分提問)______________