真空采血管及采血課件

ZhejiangU-REALMedicalTechnologyCo.，Ltd.VacuCyte

VacuumBloodCollectionTubes?CONTENTS1、OurCompany2、OurMission3、OurProducts4、AboutBloodCollection1、OURCOMPANYName:ZhejiangU-REALMedicalTechnologyCo.,Ltd.Founded:July4th,2006President:Mr.HuibinShiNatureofBusiness:Manufacturinganddevelopingmedicaldevicesandprovidingservicesforthoseproducts.NumberofEmployees:82Production:22Salespeople:28R&D:6NEWFACTORYAddress:JiangkouZhongxiaoPark,HuangyanEconomicDevelopmentZone,Taizhou,Zhejiang,People’sRepublicofChinaYearOn-line:2010Size:6,630m2Numberofproductionlines:4Annualcapacity:>350millionOURCERTIFICATIONSISO9001:2000ISO13485CEMarkCOMPANYSTRUCTUREU-REALcomprisesof:AvibrantScientificResearch&Developmentlaboratory,Productionfacilitieswhichemploysomeofthemostadvancedmanufacturingtechnology,ofourdiligentandefficientMarketingandSalesteams,andourfriendlyandhelpfulCustomerService.2、OURMISSIONOurmissionistotakealeadingroleintheenhancementofhealthcareservicesbothinChinaandabroadthroughthedevelopment,manufacture,andsupplyofsuperiorqualityproductstohealthcareprofessionals.3、OURPRODUCTSOURPRODUCTSExtrasPETvs.GlassTheVacuumSeal

TheSafetyCapOurAdditivesVacuCyteLineU-MBCT??PETvs.GlassOurPETtubesaremadeofhighqualityresinusingprecisemoulds.Thetubes’interiorsurfaceisfinelyandevenlycoatedwithsiliconoil,ensuringtransparency,smoothness,andchemicalstability.PETtubesaresuperiortoglasstubesfortheir

Durability,Safety,andStability.SafetyDuringbloodcollectionandtesting,medicalprofessionalsmayaccidentallybeexposedtobloodandriskinfectionstodiseasessuchasAIDSorhepatitis.Ourimpact-resistantPETtubesandoursafetycaps’rubberstoppersgreatlylimitthatrisk,helpingmakethehospitalasaferworkingenvironment.StabilityBecauseouradvancedseparatinggelbindsstronglytotheinnerwallsofourPETtubes,theycanbeheldincoldstorageforupto10dayswithoutanyspecimendeterioration,whichwouldbenearlyimpossiblewithaglasstube.Neithervibrationsnorimpactswillgenerateleakagesthatcompromisethespecimens’separation.MorePETTubeAttributesPETtubesarelighterthanglasstubes.OurPETtubes’transparencymatchethatofglass,allowingtheusertoquicklyandaccuratelyrecognizeseparation,coagulation,hemolytic,andotherconditions.Biochemistryandimmunitytestresultsshowvirtuallynodifferencecomparedtoglasstubes.THESAFETYCAPVacuCytesafetycapsareergonomicallydesignedforeffectivegripandremoval.Withtheuser’ssafetyinmind,therubbersealfunctionsasashield,preventingbackflowandeliminatingexposuretothebloodspecimen.OurcapsarecolorcodedaccordingtoInternationalstandards.?OURADDITIVESU-REALisproudofthewayitsourcesitscomponents,alwaysstrivingtofindthebestadditivesfromthemostreliablepartners.Weemploythelatesttechnologyinapplyingreagentstothetubes,maximizingtheireffectbyensuringthatanaccuratequantityfinelyandevenlycoatstheinteriorwall.OURVACUCYTE

LINEVacuCytetubescanbedividedintwogroupsbasedonthepurposeoftheiradditives:1、Pro-coagulants2、Anti-coagulants??BloodSerumAftercollectingblood,gentlyturningthetube6-8times,andwaiting15-30minutes,thetubeshouldbeplacedinacentrifuge.Thiswillcompletetheseparationofclear,yellowserumfromred,clottedblood.Bloodserumiswhatisleftofbloodafteryouremovethecellsandthecoagulationfactors.Itretainsotherproteins,antigens,antibodies,electrolytes,andexogenoussubstanceslikedrugsandmedicine.BloodSerumvs.BloodPlasmaSerumdiffersfromPlasma,whichstillcontainsthecoagulationfactors.Water,electrolytes,non-coagulatingproteins;nocellularcomponentsFibrinogensandotherclottingfactorsBloodcellsandothercellularcomponentsBloodSerumBloodplasmaSerumTubeClotActivatorAttributesTheClotActivatoronthetube’sinnerwallwillautomaticallygenerateamembranewhenitcomesintocontactwithblood,clottingcompletelyinashorttime.WithouttheClotActivator,coagulationwillnormallyrequire5-6hours,asopposedto30minuteswithit.Ifthetubeisproperlyturnedafterbloodcollection,coagulationcanoccurinaslittleas10minutes.ClotActivatorAttributes(cont.)Ouradvancedformularesultsinmoderatecoagulationinarelativelyshorttime,voidingpossiblehemolyticproblemswhichcanarisefromtoorapidclotting.Ifthetubeisproperlyturnedand15-30minutesaregivenforcoagulationtooccurbeforecentrifugation,nofibrinwillremaininthesampleavoidinginadequateresultsandpotentialcloggingdamagetolabequipment.SeparatingGelAttributesOuradvancedSeparatingGelformulacompletelyseparatesserumfromclottedblood,formingaprominent,impermeablebarrierbetweenthespecimens.Aftercentrifugation,thegelwillbefirmlyattachedtothetube’sinnerwall,sothatneithervibrationsnorimpactswillgenerateleakagesthatcompromisethespecimens’separation.PrecautionswithSeparatingGelStorage:4-25°CTurning:aftercollection,gentlyturnthetube6-8times.Recommendedcoagulationtime:setthetubeuprightfor15-30minutesbeforecentrifugation.IdealCentrifugeSpeed:3500rpmIdealCentrifugeTemperature:25°CAnti-CoagulantTubesThereareseveralkindsoftubescontainingdifferentanti-coagulantsfordifferentpurposes:1)EDTATube2)PlasmaTube3)CoagulationTube4)ESRTube5)FluorideandOxalateTubeEDTATubeEDTATubesEDTA,whichchaletscalciumionsinordertoinhibitthecoagulationcascade,hasusesinhematologytesting.In

routinebloodexaminationsitcanrevealredandwhitebloodcellandplateletcountsandindices,hematocritorpackedcellvolume,andhemoglobinconcentration.EDTATubesTheoptimalEDTAconcentrationis1.8mg/mlblood.Weapplythequantitativeultra-fineatomizedsprayingandinstantdryingtechnology,inorderforapreciseamountofadditivetofinelyandaccuratelycoattheinteriorwall.Thisensuresquickmixingwiththeblood,thusenhancingtheanticoagulationeffects.U-REALoffersbothEDTAK2andK3.PrecautionswithEDTADependingonthespecimens,itmaycauseaconditionofplateletaggregation.BecauseEDTAallowsCalcium,Magnesium,Iron,andZinctobedetectedbychelatingthem,andtheseelementsarenecessaryforthestabilityandexpressionofenzymes,thesetubescannotbeusedforemergencytesting.PlasmaTubesPlasmaTubesThePlasmaTubescontainHeparinLithiumorHeparinSodiumasanti-coagulants,which,byactivatinganti-thrombins,inhibitthecoagulationcascade.Thesetubesareusefulforbiochemicaltestingandespeciallyinemergencysituations,wherehemorheologytestingisvitalfordeterminingappropriatetreatmentprocedures.PlasmaTubes16IUheparincananti-coagulate1mlofblood.Ourtechnologyensuresanevenandsufficientamountofadditiveispresentineachtube,resultinginidealsamplesforthelab.Plasmatubesarealsoavailablewithseparatinggel.HeparinandGeltubeshavelightgreencaps.PrecautionswithPlasmaTubesHeparinLithiumandHeparinSodiumbothstronglyaffectbloodcellshapeandarethusnotsuitableforhematologytests.ThereisvirtuallynodifferencebetweenresultsusingHeparinSodiumorLithium,butwhenusingHeparinSodium,bloodplasmasodiumlevelsmaybeslightlyhigher.ThesameistrueoflithiumlevelswhenusingHeparinLithium.CoagulationTubesCoagulationTubesThesetubescontainabufferedSodiumCitratesolutionwithaconcentrationof3.2%.SodiumCitratedisruptsthebloodclottingmechanismbychelatingcalciumions.Inourformula,onepartSodiumCitratecananti-coagulate9partsblood.Coagulationtestsprovideinformationaboutplateletcountandfunctions,andactivationtimesforseveralfactorsinthecoagulationcascade’spathways.ESRTubesESRTubescontaina3.8%SodiumCitratesolution,whereonepartanti-coagulatesfourpartsblood.ESRstandsforerythrocytesedimentationratetests.Inthesetests,anti-coagulatedbloodisplacedinatube,andthequantityofredbloodcellsprecipitatingInonehourismeasuredinmm.ESRTubesESRTubesThesenon-specifictests,whoseresultsindicatethepresenceofinflammations,areusedalongwithotherteststodetectandmonitorinfections,cancers,andanumberofotherconditions,aswellastreatmentprogress.PrecautionswithSodiumCitrateTheratioofSodiumCitratetobloodisextremelyimportantforadequatetestresults.Thetubes’labelscontainamarkerfortherequiredamountofbloodtobecollected,buteveryyeartherequiredamountofbloodwilldropbymoreorless10%asthetubelosesitsvacuumpressure.Therefore,thesetubesonlyhavea1yearshelflife.FluorideandOxalateTubesFluorideandOxalateTubesGraycaptubesareutilizedfortestingbloodglucoseandlactate.SodiumFluoridecombineswithCalciumionstoformCAF2andpreventsthedecompositionofglucosebyblockingtheenolaseenzyme.

InadditiontoSodiumFluoride,thesetubescontainananticoagulantsuchasPotassiumOxalateorEDTA.U-MBCT?U-MBCTU-MBCT

tubesaremainlyusedforperipheralbloodcollection.Theyareespeciallysuitableforsmallchildrenandgeriatricpatients.U-MBCTproductsfeatureaspeciallydesignedcapforsealingthecontainer.Theinnersurfacehasanexcellenthemrepellency,necessaryforthepreparationofahighqualitybloodsample.Thebar-codedlabelsenableprocessinginautomatedlaboratories.???EXTRASU-REALcanalsoofferavarietyofneedlesandneedleholders.4、ABOUTBLOODCOLLECTIONTheBloodCollectionProcessThingstoAvoidUnwantedResultsPrecautionsTHEBLOODCOLLECTIONPROCESS1.Extractblood2.Turnthetube3.StoreuprightatroomtemperatureBloodCollectionPositionForadults,theveinontheinsideoftheelbowispreferred.Ifthepatientisreceivingintravenousfluids,bloodshouldbecollectedfromtheotherarm.Whencollectingbloodformultipletubeswithabutterflyneedle,discardthefirstblood.UsingaButterflyNeedleButterflyneedlescanbeusedtocollectbloodformultipletubes.Whenusingabutterflyneedle,thefirsttubeusedshouldbeayelloworredcaptube.Becausetheairinitiallyinthebutterflyneedlereducesthevacuumofthetube,thevolumecollectedwillbelessthanrequired,andonlythesetubescanprovideadequateresultswithlowerquantitiesofblood.UsingaButterflyNeedleFurther,whentheneedlefirstpuncturestheskin,someofthebody’snaturalclotactivatingmechanismsmayenterthetubeandbegincoagulationactivity.Thisisnotdesirablewithanti-coagulanttubes.BecausecollectedvolumeisessentialtoappropriateresultswithSodiumcitratetubes,werecommendthatthebluecaptubesarethesecondtubeusedwhenusingabutterflyneedle.RecommendedCollectionOrderYellowBlueGreenGrayPurpleRedBlack123456orTHINGS

TOAVOIDImproperCollectionHemolyticFibrinPrecipitationBloodCellsRemainingintheSerumImproperPost-collectionProceduresTheAnglingoftheNeedleintotheNeedleHolderThetubemustbeinsertedparalleltotheneedleholder.Otherwise,theneedlemightnotproperlypenetratethecap’srubberstopper.Iftheangleisskewed,youmaymeetsomeresistancefromtheneedletopuncturetherubber.Ifso,itisbesttowithdrawthetubeandreinsertattheproperparallelangle.Incorrectinsertion

ProperparallelinsertionNeedleIssuesLeadingtoInadequateCollectionWhenusingyourthumbtopressthetubeontotheneedleintheholder,makesurethatthetubedoesnotcomeofftheneedlewhenyouremoveyourthumb’spressure.Ifthishappens,useyourthumbtopushthetubebackontotheneedle.NeedlenotfullyintubeUsingAppropriateTubesfortheDesiredDrawVolumeIfinsufficientbloodiscollected,residualvacuuminthetubesaftercollectionmayleadtohemolytic,andparticlesreleasedbytheburstcellsmayaffecttestresults.Tubeswithinappropriatelevelsofadditivesshouldnotbeused.TheratioofsodiumcitratetobloodisessentialforcoagulationandESRtests;excessEDTAwillincreaseosmoticpressureandaffecthematologytestresults.HemolyticRedbloodcellsmayburstforanumberofdifferentreasons.Thisiscalledhemolytic.Ifthisoccurs,hemoglobinandothercomponentsoftheredbloodcellwillbereleasedintothebloodplasma,whichcanaffecttestresults.FactorsLeadingtoHemolyticContactwithwater:Waterhasalowerosmoticpressurethanblood,andthisdifferencecancausethecellstorupture.Foaming:Intensemotioncancausebloodtofoam.Iftheredbloodcellscomeintocontactwithair,theirmembranesmaydryout,theywilllosesurfacetension,andhemolyticwilloccur.Decompression:Lowerpressurewillalsocausethecelltodenatureandburst.Physicaldamagetocells:Strongimpacts,heavyshaking,orotherintensemotionsmaycausecellstorupture.FibrinPrecipitationCoagulationnormallyoccurswhenfibrininteractswithotherfactorsinthebloodtoformaclot.Bloodclotsaredenserthangel,sotheycanbeseparatedfromserum.However,fibrinandbloodcellsrepeleachotherandifsomebloodclotscan’tformcompletely,fibrinwillprecipitate.Becauseitislessdensethangelandattachedtotheclots,itmaythencreateagapinthegel,contaminatingtheserumspecimen,andaffectingthetestresults.FibrinPrecipitationFactorsLeadingtoFibrinPrecipitationInadequateturning:Thetube’sinnerwalliscoatedwithcoagulant,andifthetubeisn’tproperlyturned,theadditivewillnotsufficientlymixwiththeblood.Ifbecauseenoughtimeisn’tgivenorenoughadditiveisn’tused,insufficientcoagulationbeforecentrifugationwillcauseincompletelyformedclotsandfibrinprecipitation.AvoidingFibrinPrecipitationAfterbloodcollection,makesuretoturnthetube8-10timesslowly,sothattheadditivemixeswellandtopreventanyleaksatthestopper.Afterturning,waitfor15to20minutesbeforeplacingthetubeinthecentrifuge.Thiswaythereisenoughtimeforthebloodtocompletelycoagulate.ImproperPost-collectionProcedureCoagulationconditions:Turnthetubewell,setitupright,andwaitlongenoughforclottingtooccur.Centrifugationconditions:Setappropriatecentrifugation