M4U2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件vera

1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ModalVerbs2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)*具有一定的詞義，后接動(dòng)詞原形,與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)*情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化Wecan

speakEnglish.Youmustn’t

smokehere.Youneedn’tgonow.Willyouhelpme？Hemight

come,butI’mnotsure.Itmust

have

rained

lastnight.“能夠”(能力)“不準(zhǔn)”(禁止)“不必”“愿意”(請(qǐng)求)“可能”(推測(cè))“肯定”(推測(cè))3情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有哪些?它們的意思又是什么？can/may/must/will/shall/should/oughttoneed/darehadbetter/wouldrather,usedto/ haveto/beableto4情態(tài)動(dòng)詞典句例示用法點(diǎn)擊can/couldHecanplaytabletennisquitewell.Evenanexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.CanIlookatyourbook?Youcanhavemyseat.I'mgoingnow.Canwhathesaidjustnowbetrue？表示能力表示推測(cè)表示客觀上的可能性，可用在肯定句中表示請(qǐng)求和允許表示驚奇、懷疑、不相信(主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和感嘆句)。5may/mightMayIuseyourmobilephone？Sheaskedifshemightopenthewindow.Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.Mayyoureturninsafe.表示請(qǐng)求和允許表示請(qǐng)求和允許，might語(yǔ)氣更委婉表示推測(cè)，用在sothat，inorderthat從句后may用于祈使句中表示祝愿。6mustYoumustrespecttheold.ShemustbewatchingTVnow.Ifyoumustsmoke，pleasegoout.表示義務(wù)，表示“必須；應(yīng)該”。表示有把握的推測(cè)，一般用于肯定句。表示“偏要，硬要”做某事。7shallShallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextweek？Youshallgetananswerfrommebytomorrow.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.用于第一、三人稱，表示征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)。用于第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅；此外，當(dāng)頒布法律、規(guī)定時(shí)也用shall。(1)---Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.---You_______havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t(2)Thebosssaidtothesecretary,“Ifyouworkwell,you______havearise.”A.mustB.oughtC.shallD.wouldAC表“警告”表“允諾”9shouldHeshouldlearntobemorepolite.Itshouldbeagoodmovie—itsreviewswereverygood.Ican’tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.表示勸告和建議，作“應(yīng)該”講。表示推測(cè)表示意外或驚訝

常譯為“居然，竟然”10will/wouldHewillgivehisgirlfriendanythingshewants.Wouldyouliketocometomyparty？Shewouldlistentomusic，aloneinherroom，forhours.用于表示意志或意愿。表示“請(qǐng)求；建議”，用would比will委婉、客氣些。would表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，譯作“總是”“慣于”。Attention:advisabilitynecessityoughtto/shouldhavetomustYourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou,sowhensheisold,you___lookafterherinreturn.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.must

Attention:veryuncertainalmostcertainmightshouldmustmaycouldoughttowillHe_____beathome,forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago.A.mayB.mightC.must

(can)【溫馨提示】

Edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch(孵)chickenswhilehewasnotableto.2．can的一些常用固定搭配：cannotbutdosth./cannothelpbutdosth./cannotchoosebutdosth.表示“不得不，只好”。1.can表示與生俱來(lái)的能力或一種客觀可能，而beableto更加強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲得的能力，或者在某個(gè)客觀的場(chǎng)合和背景下，能做到的事情。cannot/cannever...enough/too再……也不為過(guò)3．may的常用固定搭配：maywell＋動(dòng)詞原形意為“完全能，很可能”，mayaswell＋動(dòng)詞原形意為“最好，不妨，倒不如”。4．must開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句，其否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto代替。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋havedone類型構(gòu)成主要用法句式典句例示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進(jìn)行推測(cè)，意為“想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定做了某事”?？隙ň鋂oumusthavegonetobedlatelastnight.can/couldhavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑和不肯定。否定句、疑問(wèn)句Hecannothaveforgottenit.may/mighthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生的行為的推測(cè)，意為“也許/或許/已經(jīng)(沒(méi)有)……”?？隙ň?、否定句It'stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.表示后悔、責(zé)備或遺憾couldhavedone表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性，意為“本來(lái)可以……”?？隙ň銽heaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.mighthavedone表示本來(lái)應(yīng)該或可以做某事，含有輕微的責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣?？隙ň鋂oumighthavegivenhimmorehelp，thoughyouwerebusy.should/oughttohavedone表示本該做某事而實(shí)際上未做。肯定句、否定句Youarelate.Yououghttohavearrivedfiveminutesearlier.needn'thavedone表示做了本來(lái)不必做的事。否定句Iactuallyneedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlythreepeoplecame.PracticeWithsomuchworkonhand,you____toseethegamelastnight.A.mustn’tgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldn’tgoD.shouldn’thavegone2.Therewasplentyoftime.She____.A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurriedPractice3.–IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.

--You_____her.Sheisstillabroad.

A.mustn’tsee B.can’thaveseen

C.mustn’thaveseenD.couldn’tsee4.AuntMary______thetrain,otherwiseshewouldhavearrivedherebynow.

A.musthavemissed B.shouldhavemissed

C.hadmissed D.mightmiss19情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在使用中應(yīng)特別注意的問(wèn)題過(guò)去式并不一定表示過(guò)去：can//could;may//might

Couldyoucomeearliertomorrow?(請(qǐng)求)

Shemightberight.(推測(cè))MayI//we…..問(wèn)句的回答：

--Might/MayIwatchTVnow?--Yes,youcan/may.(或：Yes,pleasedo.)--May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?--No,youcan’t/mustn’t. (或：No,you’dbetternot.)

3.MustI//we//he…問(wèn)句的否定回答：

No,….needn’t//don’thaveto*mustn’t的含義：表“禁止”“不允許”20

dare

和need既可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用,又可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用1)Idaresay……Howdareyousaythattome?--Darehegoalone?--No,hedarenot.--Doeshedaretogoalone?--No,hedoesn’t.--Needhedoitnow?Noheneedn’t.(Yes,hemust)--Doesheneedtogothereatonce?Yes,hedoes*作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)沒(méi)有人稱的變化She______(dare/dares)notgotherealone.=She__(darenot/doesn’tdare)togotherealone.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專練題1.Putonmoreclothes.You

befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.can

B.could

C.must

D.would2.You

toattendthemeeting,butyoudidn't.

A.shouldcome

B.wouldhavecome

C.came

D.shouldhavecome3.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.He

it.

A.mustn'thaveattended

B.cannothaveattended

C.needn'thaveattended

D.wouldhavenotattended4.Tomwentonfoot,buthe

bybus.

A.mightgo

B.maygo

C.couldhavegone

D.oughthavegone5.We

playchessthanbridge.Someofusdon'tknowhowtoplaybridge.

A.hadbetter

B.wouldbetter

C.wouldrather

D.hadrather6.Therewasalotoftime.He

.

A.mustn'thavehurried

B.needn'thavehurried

C.couldhavehurried

D.oughttohavehurried7.Oneought

forwhatonehasn'tdone.

A.nottobepunished

B.tonotbepunished

C.tonotpunished

D.notbepunished8."MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?""

."

A.No,youneedn't

B.Not,please

C.No,youmustn't

D.No,youwon't9.“---CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?"“---Yes,you

."

A.will

B.could

C.may

D.might10.Ididn'tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.She

atthemeeting.

A.mustn'thavespoken

B.shouldn'thavespoken

C.needn'thavespoken

D.couldn'thavespoken11.Iwonderhowhe

thattotheteacher.

A.daretosay

B.daresaying

C.notdaresay

D.daredsay12.You

takeyourumbrella.Iamsureitwon'train.

A.shouldn't

B.can't

C.don'thaveto

D.mustn't13.Lookwhatyouhavedone.You

havebeencareful.

A.should

B.can

C.must

D.may14.Tomdidnotgotothepartyyesterday,orI

him.

A.wouldsee

B.couldmeet

C.mighthaveseen

D.mightsee15.—Let'sgotothecinema,shallwe?

—

?

A.No,Ican't

B.Yes,Iwill

C.Yes,thankyou

D.No,we'dbetternot16.Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,you

havemadesomanymistakes.

A.won't

B.wouldn't

C.maynot

D.mustn't17.WheneverMotherwasnothere,thechildren

makealotofnoise.

A.will

B.would

C.wereto

D.weregoingto18.Whyisitsodark.There

beaheavyraincoming.

A.shall

B.may

C.should

D.dare19.Tomislate.What

tohim?

A.shouldhavehappened

B.musthavehappened

C.canhavehappened

D.needhavehappened20.Tom,you

playwiththeknife,you

hurtyourself.

A.won't,could

B.mustn't,may

C.shouldn't,must

D.can't,should21.Tom

fullmarks,buthewastoocareless

aspellingmistake.

A.couldgain,tomake

B.couldhavegained,tomake

C.couldhavegained,andmade

D.couldhavegained,astomake22.Iwonderhowshe

thedrunkensailortheotherday.

A.darefightingoff

B.daredfightoff

C.daretofightoff

D.daredfightingoff23.—

themantherebeournewteacher?—He

be,butI'mnotsure.

A.May,mustn't

B.Can,may

C.Must,can't

D.Can,can'tABCDEFGHIJGroupCompetition–Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?--Well,it________bebig—that’snotimportant.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t2.改錯(cuò)

Mr.Limustn’thavegonetoShanghaibecauseIsawhimafewminutesago.BBack

can’tmust表推測(cè)只用于肯定句,

否定句中表推測(cè)用can’t;mustn’t

指“禁止、不準(zhǔn)”1.

Hesaidthatthebike___stolenandthathe___havetotelephonethepolice.A.was,would B.has,will C.hasbeen,willD.hadbeen,wouldnot2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must

DBackA1.1.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall2.Youcan’timaginethatawell–behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would

DCBack1.Tom,finishyourhomeworkfirst,oryou___________watchTV!A.shan’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.maynot2.

---Shelooksveryhappy.She______(must/might)havepassedtheexam.---Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.

ABackmust1.---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?---Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should2.Hearingthestepsofthepolice,thethief_______moveatall.A.daresnotB.darednottoC.didn’tdaretoD.notdareCCBack1.---Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.---You____itinthewrongplace.A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput

2.---IsJohncomingbytrain?---Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.mayDDBack表對(duì)過(guò)去可能性的推測(cè)。1.Mike,lookatthetime.______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour? A.Must B.CanC.May D.Need2.Sheisalreadytwohourslate.What________toher?A.mayhavehappenedB.canhavehappenedC.shouldhavehappenedD.musthappenABackB1.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe__sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.

A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.mightnotC2.Itisrecommendedthatpassengers_______keeptheircellphonesonwhentheplaneislanding.notB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnotBackcan’t表能力,

此處表示她本身能唱歌的一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)。A1.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen2.MysuggestionisthatTom__abroadandhestayhereuntiltheprojectcompletes.sendB.shouldnotsendC.besentD.notbesentBBackD1.A__________candle_________thefacesofeverybodyintheroom.Theyalllookedtired.A.lit,litup

B.litup,lit

C.lighted,litup

D.lighted,lit2.Thereisapartytonight_____ournewpresident,andIam______tobeinvited.A.inhonor;honoredB.inplaceof;ofgreathonorC.ingreathonor;infavorofD.inhonorof;honoredBackDC39summary序號(hào)原形過(guò)去式主要含義1cancould2maymight3mustmusthadto4needneeded5daredared6willwould7shallshould1.能力2.請(qǐng)求/準(zhǔn)許3.可能性1.請(qǐng)求/準(zhǔn)許2.可能性*3.祝愿1.義務(wù)(必須);2.猜測(cè)(肯定)需要敢愿意1.征求意見(jiàn)2“應(yīng)該”(should)40序號(hào)原形過(guò)去式主要用法8beabletowas/wereableto9havetohadto10oughttooughtto11usedto12hadbetter13wouldrather“能夠”（能力）“不得不/必須”“應(yīng)該”“過(guò)去（常常）”“最好”“寧愿”Practice1:高考考題專練1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenBD

B4.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.----It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.---Didthetrainarriveintime?----No.It_______twohoursago.A.musthavearrivedB.oughttohavearrivedC.mustarriveD.oughttoarrive

DB6."MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?"

"No,

."

A.youshouldn't

B.youmightnot

C.youneedn't

D.youmustn't7.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.He

it.

A.mustn'thaveattended

B.cannothaveattended

C.needn'thaveattended

D.wouldhavenotattendedCB8.You_____suchalongcomposition.Theteacheronlyaskedfor300words.Youhavewritten600.A.mustn’thavewrittenB.couldn’thavewrittenC.needn’thavewrittenD.don’thavetowrite9.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.

itbeTom?

A.can

B.must

C.should

D.oughttoCA10.Twoyearsago,myhusbandboughtmeabicycle.Ifyouliveintown,itisoftenfasterthanacarandyou

worryaboutparking.

A.mustnot

B.maynot

C.shouldnot

D.don'thaveto11.---Youmaylaugh,butI’vebeenthinki