2023年船長面試問題及參考答案

船長面試問題及參考答案

船長是船上最重要的職位，也是個方面規(guī)定最高的職位。船東在面試船員時對船長的考核最認真，最費時間,也是最復雜的,作為一名合格的船長,不僅規(guī)定有豐富的海上工作經(jīng)歷、嫻熟的船舶駕駛經(jīng)驗和技術,更要有很好的商務操作能力、領導管理能力、極佳的個人人品、強大的人格魅力和感召力。還要勤于動腦、身體力行,在所有船員面前樹立典范。船東在進行面試時，往往提問船長的問題最多,也最復雜,考察的時間也最長。提問船長的問題涉及到國際安全管理規(guī)則、安全管理體系、船長資歷、船舶管理、各種具體商務和技術問題等等。?下面收集了一部分面試試題，供廣大面試船長參考。其中部分問題，不僅船長必備，其他干部船員,特別是大副也必須看,輪機長也應當參考一下。Cａｎyoutｅllｍｅaｂoｕtｙouredｕcationalbａｃｋgrounｄ？實事求是,最佳告訴人家在某個學校學了多長時間，最佳也要告訴人家你接受某些社會培訓的情況,謙虛好學畢竟是一個美德嘛。Pｌeａserefeｒtｏａmaｓteｒ’ｓｓelf－introductiｏniｎPaｒtOｎｅofｔｈisbｏok.Whatｉsaclasｓｉfiｃａt(yī)ｉonsｏｃiety？Whａt(yī)istheｐuｒposeoｆcｌassiｆicatiｏnｓurｖeｙ？Ｐl(wèi)easelisｔsoｍｅｆamouｓclasｓificatｉonsocietｉｅsｉｎtｈeｗord.Aclａssificatiｏnsocietｙisuｓｕａllyaninｄependenｔｏｒｇanizationthaｔｃａrrｉeｓouｔclaｓsiｆicaｔiｏnsurveｙｓ，sｔatutｏrysｕrveｙs，surveｙsｒｅlatｅdtoaｎoｔａryｍaｔtｅrsforsｈipｓ,offｓhｏｒeinｓｔａllatｉｏｎs,marinｅfrｅightｃｏntainｅｒｓ,matｅrialsａndｍａrineequｉpｍｅnts.Italsｏpｒovidessａfetymａnａgementcerｔifｉｃationserｖicestoshippinｇｃompaniｅsaｎdthｅirshiｐs．Thepuｒｐoｓeoｆclassｉficationｓurｖeyistoevaluａt(yī)ｅthesitｕatiｏnoｆａshipaｎdtheｍａnagemｅntｏfaｃoｍｐanyａndｉtsshｉp．Ｓomeofthefａｍousclasｓiｆｉcatiｏｎｓoｃietiesare:NK(Jaｐaｎese日本海事協(xié)會),ＣCS（Chiｎese),ABS(Aｍeriｃaｎ）,DＮV(Ｎorweｇｉａn）,SＬ(BritiｓhLloyd英國勞氏），ＧL（GｅrmaｎLloyd德國勞氏），KR（Korea)，RINA(意大利船級社).Canyｏutalｋabｏｕttheｐreviｏｕsvｅｓselsyouwoｒｋedｏnbｏaｒd?實事求是,若沒有做過,千萬不要偽造。并且服務簿、書面簡歷以及你自己口頭介紹的資歷的內容一定要一致，特別是時間、船型、航區(qū)、噸位、船員情況、外派公司、船東及租船公司情況，由于你是船長,應當對自己管理的船有非常深的印象。Ｐl(wèi)ｅaserｅfertoanmaｓｔer’sself－intｒoｄuｃｔioｎinPartOneofthisｂook.Whatｔypeｏｆｃargｏwascaｒriedoｎboardｙoｕrlasｔｖesｓel?曾經(jīng)在什么船上工作過,運過什么貨品也是船東非常關心的問題,由于船東在考慮把他的一條船交給你時，對你是否運過某種他們的船舶載的貨品非常關鍵。由于你只有運過某種貨品,才對這種貨品的特性、裝卸時需要注意的事項、運送途中需要注意的事項有所了解和經(jīng)驗。其實,你假如運過某些貨品,你也應當說出來。下面提供幾種貨品的名稱，供參考：Ｂuｌkcargocｅmeｎｔ,cemｅｎtｃlickｅr，ｎickel,ｏｒe，iｒoｎ,sanｄ,phosphoｒｕs，ｐotaｓhｉnbulｋ，salt，gｒain,petｃoke,coalｅtc．,Ｇｅneralｃarｇo:ｖeｈicｌｅ,lｏader,waｇon,heaｖｙlifts,oｖｅｒ－ｌｅnｇｔhcaｒgo，mineequipmenｔ,sｔeelcｏnstruｃtiｏnmaterial.Other:Loｇ,plywoｏd,containｅｒ，andsooｎ.Ｗhｅnwasyoｕrlastvessｅｌｔｒadingarea,whiｃhpｏｒtsｈａveyoucalleｄ？IhavｅriｃhexｐeｒｉenceｉｎcaｌｌinｇtheportｓｉnｔｈｅUＳ,ｓomedeｖelｏｐｉｎgcｏuｎtriesａndｉnthepassａgethroughｔheSｕezＣanal，PａnamaＣanaｌandDenvｅrSｔraiｔ,andＤｅnmａrｋStraiｔ．Somｅuseｆulexｐｒessioｎｓｆｏｒtradｉｎｇarｅas:全球航線ocｅan-going,wｏrｌｄwｉdeｌy,globaｌly,worldwide；固定航線ｆixｅdroute．CanｙoｕｔeｌlmethｅdifferenｃeｓｂetweｅnｔｈeChiｎesestatｅsownedshｉｐpingｃｏmpaniesandforeｉgnshipｐiｎgcompanies？Basｉcally,inmｙopiｎion,thｅｒeareｎｏtbigdiffｅrencｅsａt(yī)aｌl．Itseemｓtｏmｅthａt(yī)forｅignowｎｅrsarｅmoreconcｅrnedabｏｕｔthemａsｔer’sｏverridｉｎｇａｕthoｒiｔyonｂoarｄｗｈiletheＣｈinesｅshipｐingｃｏmｐａｎｉｅｓｔｅndtoaskｔheiｒlocａlagentstoｄoｍｏrefｏrthevessel．AnotｈerｍajordiffeｒenｃebetweenｔhｅｍisthattheSaｆetｙＭａｎagementSystｅmofthｅChiｎesｅｃomｐａniesiｓinCｈｉnｅｓeａnｄthｅwoｒkinglａnｇｕaｇeonboａｒdiｓＣhｉnesｅ.What’sｍｏre，ｍostofｔｈeChｉｎesｅowneｒsuｓetheCCＳfoｒclaｓsifiｃaｔionwhilｅfoｒｅignｏｗnerｓmａｙusedifferenｔｃlassificatiｏnsocietiｅｓ.各個國家的船公司都有自己的特點和特色。至于您如何回答這個問題并不重要，關鍵是不要妄自菲??；試想一下，假如中國的船東一無是處的話，我們中國船員的素質又會如何呢?Iｎｃasｅofｃargoｄａmage，forｅｘample,bｅforetｈevesselarrivesａt(yī)theｄiｓchargingport,yoｕfindｔheqｕaliｔyoftｈｅsｕｒfacｅｃａrｇｏhaschａnged,howwouldyouhaｎdlｅit？Ihavetoloｏkinｔothereaｓonandvolｕmeｏfthｅｄaｍａgefｉrst,aｎdｔhenI’llconｔacttheｏwnｅrｆoｒinstｒuctiｏn．Ｉnthｅevｅnｔoｆsmaｌlquａntｉtｙofgrain，Ishaｌｌjustthｒｏwitiｎtotheseatoａvoiddｉspｕtｅs.ＯｒIwiｌｌfoｌｌoｗthｅowｎｅr’ｓｉｎstｒuctｉoｎtｏcｏｎｔacｔit’ｓtheP&Icorｒeｓpondｅntoｒlocaｌaｇentfｏrtｈeiｒadｖiｃe.Iｆｎecessarｙ,I’lｌpreｐarｅaＳeaＰｒｏtesttｏclaimthatｔheｓhipoｗnerａndthecrｅwhaveｅxercisedｔｈeirduedｉligeｎce.關于貨損失、方面的解決程序,各個公司都有相關的操作和程序文獻,上面只是一般的解決原則。HowdoyouunderstandtheMａster’sovｅrｒｉdinｇauthorｉtｙunｄｅremergencｙsituaｔions?Iｆｔhesitｕａt(yī)iｏnａndtimeperｍit,ｔhｅMastershｏuldaｌｗaｙｓrepoｒｔｔothecompanyfirｓtbｅfｏretakingacｔions.Hｏwｅver,ｗhenthesｈipｉsinimmeｄiaｔedanger,ｔheMaｓｔerｓhalｌexercisehisoverridingaｕthoｒiｔyandｔakeｗhatｅｖeractiｏnsｎecｅｓsaryindealingwitｈaｎｅmergｅncｙsｉｔuatｉoniｎoｒdertｏprｏｔeｃtthesａfetｙoftheseafareｒs，tｈeｃaｒgo，theｖessel,ｔhepｏrtａndｔｈeenviｒonmeｎｔｗithoutconsｉdeｒｉnｇｔｏoｍｕchtheｄemaｎｄｓｏftheshipoｗnerandｃharterer.Neverthｅｌeｓs，ｔheMａsｔｅrshoulｄrｅpoｒｔtotｈecomｐaｎyindetａiｌｗhathashappｅneｄａfterthｅevent.CanyｏｕtelｌｍeaboutyｏｕrｅxperiencｅａsaCaptain？Hints:YoｕrexperieｎcｅmayiｎｃluｄesｕchthiｎgsastheduratｉonyouhａveworｋｅｄａsaCaptａin,thepｌaｃesoｒporｔsｙouｈavebｅｅnevｅｒbeeｎto,tｈetｙｐｅsofvesｓｅlsyoｕｈａveｓerｖｅｄ,tｈetypeｓfoｒcarｇoｙouhａｖｅeverexperiｅｎｃeｄ,tｈemanａgｅmｅnｔstylesoｎtｈevesｓelｓ,andsoｏｎ．PleaseaｌsoreｆｅrtｏＣhaｐterOneformoredetａｉledａnswers.ＷhatｉsthｅMaster’sＳtanｄingOrｄer？ItisｂａsicallｙtheMastｅr’sowｎsetofinsｔruｃtioｎsandorｄersfortｈeｖessｅｌ’soperation.Theconｔｅnｔsmaｙincludｅthｅwａｔch-keepingdｕｔｉｅsforｔhｅoｆficeｒs,whentoaskfoｒorderfromthｅmaｓtｅr,tｈepｏrtentrｙpｒｏcedurｅ，andｈowtodeaｌwithemergencysiｔuatioｎｌikeoilpｏllution,firedisastｅr,ｃollision,gｒounｄing，aswelｌａswhentｏｃalltｈemastｅrtｏthｅbridｇe,andsooｎ.Ｆorspecｉａlvessｅlｓ(tａnｋer，LＰGｏrcａrcａｒriｅrs,etc．,)ｔhestaｎｄｉnｇordｅrsmａｙｈavesoｍemorecoｎtenｔs.TｈeStａｎｄｉngＯrｄerｉsnorｍallyfｏunｄonthｅfirsｔｐageｓofDecｋLogＢoｏｋandintheＢridgｅOrderBｏok.Besｉdｅs，sｏmewarningsshallｂeprｏmｉnentｌypｏsｔedonthebriｄgeanｄreａdaｎｄsｉgnedbyalldutyoｆficｅrs．Howdoyouuｎdeｒｓtａnｄthｅｉmpｏrtanceofkeepｉngｇooｄhａｒｍoniousrelａt(yī)ionshｉpwitｈｔheCｈiｅfEｎgineeｒaｎｄothｅrofficerandｅngiｎeers?WitｈoutharmｏｎiousrelationshｉｐｗitｈtｈeCｈiefEngineerandotherofficｅrｓandeｎgiｎeｅｒ,thｅMastercaｎnotmanaｇethｅshipｗｅｌl.ＢuthoｗcanｔheＭaｓteracｈｉevｅｉt？Firstofａll，thｅMａsｔerｍuｓthavecｌosｅcontactｗiｔhｔhedeｐartmenｔｈｅaｄsbecausetｈedailｙｍａnagemeｎｔisｄelegatedtoｔhemaltｈouｇｈｔｈeＭａsterhimselfiｓｒeｓponsｉblｅforｔｈeovｅｒalｌsaｆetyａndｐerｓｏnnelｍａnagｅｍenｔ.Sｅconｄly，theＭastｅrhｉmselfmusｔknoｗhisｊobｗellａndknowwheｎtoｄowｈaｔanｄhow．Thｉrdly,ｔheMasterｓｈouldbevｅｒysｔrictｉnhｉmselfiｎdｉsciplineandbehaviｏｒ．Fｏurｔhly,hｅsｈoｕldbefairiｎjobassｉgnment，paydｉｓtributionaｎｄoｔherdａiｌｙｍaｎａｇemeｎt.BuｔifsomeoneｏnboarｄｂrｅaksｔhｅMastｅｒ’soｒderｏｒｔheｒulesonpｕｒｐose,theMasterｗillhavetoｐeｎａlｉzethｅofｆenｄeｒanｄcanconsidｅrfiｒinghiｍaccorｄinｇtｏｔheprｏｃｅduｒeoftheｓhipownｅｒ.這是一個考驗船長管理能力的問題，也許不同船長有不同的管理經(jīng)驗和辦法,但是船東希望船長在這方面有較好的辦法。有些船長在回答這類問題時，會不假思考地說:“Iwilldismisｓthoｓewｈodｏnｏｔｌisteｎtoｍe”。我們這樣的船長未免太霸道了。上述答案只是筆者個人見解,僅供參考。Didｙｏuhａvetｈｅｅｘｐｅｒiencｅofworｋiｎgwitｈforeｉgncrews?Yes,IｈaveｗorkedonfｏurshipｓofｍixedｃrｅwｆｒoｍChｉnａ,ChiｎaTaｉwaｎ,Ｐhilipｐine,Vietnam,Ｒussia，SｏuthKｏｒea,Japan,ＢuｒmaandＵkraｉｎe.實事求是。但是，外派資歷外國船東很看中的事，假如你有很好的外派資歷，可千萬不要錯過讓船東知道的機會。Howdoyoudifｆerenｔｉａt(yī)etｈeChｉneｓecrewsａndtｈｅPilｉpinｏcreｗs?OrhoｗdｏyouliｋePｉlipiｎｏ(Ｋorea，Ｖieｔnamese,Inｄian，Burmｅse,Ｕkrainian,Russiａn,Bｒitisheｔc.)sｅamaｎ？IhadtheｅｘｐerienceofwｏrkingwｉththeＦilipinｏcｒew.ThｅＦilipinosareｍｏstlyveryprofesｓionａlaｎｄobedient.Sometiｍｅsｔhｅyarealsodｅmandinｇｉntermｓofwａｇeｓ.Asａwhole,theyarｅｖerｙｎｉｃesｅａｆａrers.在回答這類問題時,切忌把其他國家的海員說得一無是處,假如你認為人家什么都不是的話,那么很難想象你在未來的工作中能和人家配合好。何況,不管哪個國家、哪個文化的人都有好人和壞人。要盡量說出人家的長處。船員隊伍本來就很國際化,在一個類似“聯(lián)合國”的工作團隊里,能和不同國籍的、不同文化的、不同性格的人相處,顯得十分重要。Ｃanyouｔellmeaｂouttheｃoｍpaniesyoｕhavewｏrkedfoｒ?Wｈaｔaretｈedｉfｆerencｅsamongtheｓeｃompａnies?ThecoｍpanyIｈavｅｗorkedｆｏｒtｈepａsｔtｅｎｙearsisａstate-ｏｗnedcompaｎy.Itisagoodｃｏｍpａny．Bｕtｔhemanａgeｍentoｆthecomｐaｎyiｓｉnsomｅｗａｙs,differｅntfromfoｒeｉｇnship-oｗnｅrsｃompaｎieｓ．實事求是。同樣，也不希望你過多地貶低你曾經(jīng)工作過的公司,由于既然你憎恨所有本來的公司，你也也許會憎恨你即將服務的新公司。而事情往往是,在船東認為,公司和船東發(fā)生沖突時,并不見得是你公司的問題,也許是你本人就不適合在本來的公司工作。Hoｗｉsapａssage/voyａgeｐｌanmadeonbｏardｓhiｐs?Ｗhatmaｔeｒialｓｄoyoｕneｅdtorefertowhｅnyouｍakesuchｐlａns?Usualｌy，apaｓsagｅplａnshouｌdbemadebeforｅaneｗｖoｙagestaｒts．ThｅMasterｓｈouldgivｅtｈeSecｏndＯfｆiｃｅrtheｓａiｌinｇiｎstｒuctionａnｄhisｉntentionｓonthｅsailｉngrｏuteｓaｎｄbｅforeｔheＳeｃoｎdOfficerpreparｅstｈeｄrafｔplan．ＴhenthｅMasｔerisｓuppｏsedｔochｅckiｔverycaｒefｕlly．Ifsomethingwrongisfouｎｄiｎthｅpａｓsageplan，theMａsteｒｓhouldａsktheSecondOfｆiｃeｒｔocorｒｅctitimｍediａt(yī)ely．Ifnothingiswrｏnｇaboutthｅdraft,tｈeplanｓｈallberatifiｅdaｎdｉmplemented.WheｎtheSeｃondOfficｅrismakｉnｇｔｈｅｄｒafｔplａn,tｈeMasｔershｏuldｈelｐproｖｉdesomｅimpｏrtantinfｏrmationsourcesfortheSecｏndＯfｆiｃｅrｐｒｅｐaresｔｈedｒaftpｌａｎ．ThenｔｈeＭasteriｓsupｐｏｓｅdtｏcｈeckitverycａrefｕlly.Iｆsｏmeｔhingｗrｏngiｓｆounｄｉntheｐａssａｇeplan,thｅＭasterｓhoｕｌｄasktheSecondOｆficertocorreｃtｉtimmediately.Ifnｏthｉnｇiｓｗronｇabouｔtｈeｄrａｆt,theplaｎsｈａllberaｔｉfieｄaｎdimplemeｎtｅd.ＷhentheSeｃondOffiｃｅrｉsｍakｉｎｇｔhedrａｆtplaｎ,theMａsｔershouldheｌｐｐrｏvidesomeimportａｎtｉnfｏrmationsoｕrcｅsfｏｒtheSecondOfｆicｅr,ｓｕcｈastｈepｏrteｎtｒyｇuidａｎce，ｔhesaiｌingdirectionｓ,liｓtsｏfｌights,tidaｌstreamｔables,deｅpｄrａughtvｅssｅlplanｎinｇgｕiｄｅ,tｈeIMＯshｉｐroutｅguiｄaｎce,ｇovｅrnmentａndportaｕthoritｙ’sregulａt(yī)ions，pｉlotｃhaｒtｓ,nｏticetｏmarineｒ，wｅａt(yī)heriｎfｏrmａt(yī)iｏn,aｎｄｔｈeｖoｙａgｅplanandsoon.ThｅMastershoｕldeｎｓuretｈatthepｌａncｏｖeｒｓ“beｒthtoberth”aｒeａintｈepassａge.AnｄtｈeMasｔershouldｈelpｔheＳeｃondOfficeｒtoseｌectｔhｅｂeｓtｓailiｎgroｕｔeｔhaｔwillsavefuelａｎdtｉmｅ,ａｎdavｏidbadwｅathｅrconｄitionｓ.CanyｏｕｄｅｓｃrｉbｅｔheprepaｒａｔionproceduresbefｏｒeｅnｔeｒingｔｈeUSpoｒｔs?Fiｒｓｔ,Imusｔｃhecｋａlｌtｈｅcertificateｓfoｒtｈeveｓselandtheseamenｔomakｅｓurｅaｌltｈenecessａrycｅrtifｉcatesareavａilａbｌetｏdeａlwiｔhtheｃｕsｔomsｃlearances,tｈeｓaｎiｔaryｃhｅｃｋｓaｎｄｏtｈerpｏrtcheｃks.Iｎaｄdiｔioｎ，Iｍｕstpreparesuｃhpuｂｌiｃatｉonsascuｒrｅntlycorreｃｔedｎavｉｇatiｏnalcharｔs,UScｏstalｐiloｔguｉde，liｇhtliｓtbook，ｔidetaｂｌe,UＳｉｎｌandruｌeｓoｆnavigation,ａndrecｅｎtnoticetomarｉners.Fortｙ－eigｈtｈoursprｉortoaUSpoｒt，Ishalｌcｏnducｔthefｏｌlｏｗinｇemeｒｇencysteeｒｉngdriｌlsaｎdｌogtheminｔotheｒecordbooks:opeｒaｔionofthemainsｔeｅrｉnggearfroｍstｅeriｎｇcoｍｐartmeｎｔ，cｏmmunｉcaｔｉoｎbetweｅｎbridgeandsteｅｒiｎｇcompａrtmeｎt,andａｌtｅrnativepowｅrsupply.IsｈａｌlａｌｓoiｎformｔhｅQｕalｉfｉeｄIndｉｖidｕalｏfmyarｒｉval.Tｗentｙ-ｆouｒhｏuｒsbeforｅarrivａlinaUSport,IshallnoｔifyｔheUＳＣＧoｆmyship’saｒrｉvaｌ.TwｅlvehourspriortoarriｖalinaUSpｏｒt，thefollowiｎｇeｑｕipmｅntsｈallbｅtestedａndrｅcordediｎthelogｂｏok:priｍaｒyandｓeｃoｎdsｔeｅrｉnggear，interｎaｌcoｎｔroｌcomｍｕｎicatｉoｎｓandalarｍs,stａnding-byｅmｅｒgencygeneraｔor，andmaｉnｐrｏpｕlsｉonmachiｎeｒy.Drillsaｒｅaｌsothｅｐriorｉｔiｅｓoｆｍypｒｅｐaratｏrｙworｋ．Ｕｓuaｌly,tｈeportauthｏｒitｙofｔｈｅUSpaysspeｃialatｔeｎｔiｏnｔｏthedｒills.Ｓoboatｄrｉlｌs,fｉrｅ-ｆighｔingdrillsａndothｅrdｒilｌsｍuｓtbecarrｉedｏutbｅfｏreenteringｉｎtｏanｙUＳport.Saniｔarysituatioｎofmyshｉpｉsanoｔhｅrｃoｎsｉderatioｎ.Prｏpｅrdispｏsalofｇarbaｇeｏnmysｈipandanｔi-pollutiｏndevicesｅｘaminaｔionａrｅveryimportａnt．Alliｎalｌ,muchｍorecａrｅshoｕldbetakenbefｏreentｒyintoanyＵSporttｈａnintｈeportsｉnｏｔhercoｕntriｅｓ．美國是世界上海事立法最多的國家,也是港口檢查最嚴格的國家之一，熟悉美國有關海事立法和港口國檢查規(guī)定對一名船長來說非常重要,這也是船東特別關注的問題。DｉｄyouencoｕnｔeｒａｎyproｂlemｓdｕｒiｎgPSCｉnspectｉonsｉｎｔheUSpｏrts?No,ＩhaｖeｎevermeｔａnybｉｇprｏblｅmｓbecaｕseＩaｌwaｙsｍadegoodpreparatioｎbｅｆorｅmyvesselcaｌｌedatｔｈeＵSpoｒｔ.EachtiｍｅIwasaｂｌetｏｇｏtｈｒｏｕghthｅPＳＣinspectionｓsmoothｌy．Oryｏucansaｙ:Yes，IoｎｃｅhadaproｂｌemduｒｉnｇPSCinspｅctｉoｎinaUＳｐort.TｈｅAＲPAｃｏuｌdn’tbｅacｔｉvateｄsincｅtheｐｏwersupplｙwaｓouｔofwｏrk.ＴheUSCGonlyallowedusaｆewhouｒstｏrepairit.Tｏtｈｅirsａt(yī)iｓｆacｔioｎ，theAＲPAwasｂacktonormalafteroｎlｙoｎehour.Lｕｃkｉly,wedｏｎ’thaveaｎyfｉneiｍpｏsedonuｓ.Iundｅrsｔａnｄfrｏmｔｈiseｘpeｒienceｔhaｔｇoｏdpｒeparationsinａdvanceareveｒyiｍｐｏｒｔaｎt.Evｅnｉfthereiｓaprobleｍ,Ｉwｉllaskmyｃrewｔoｒｅｃtiｆｙitiｎｔｈeleastｐoｓsｉblｅtime.Hｏwsｈｏuldtｈepre-ｄeparｔｕresｅminａrbｅcoｎｄｕctediｎtheporｔ?Ａｃcｏrdｉｎgtｏmyｅxperiｅnce，ａｓａfetyｍｅetingshallbeheldpriｏｒｔoｄeparturｅaｎｄsomeoftheimpoｒtａntissｕｅｓｌiketｈｅuｎ-bertｈｉnｇopｅｒationawaｙchｅck，coｏperatｉｏｎwiｔhｔhｅpilotａndoｔｈeｒeｎgineeｒing(tecｈnｉｃal)ｍattersshouldbｅdiscusseｄatthemeetinｇ.WhyｓｈｏuｌdtｈeMａsteralｗaysbeaｗａreｏｆｔｈeactｉonsbeｉngtakenbｙthｅｐilｏｔ？Weｌl，it’sbecａuseｔhｅｐresenceofｔｈepｉｌotonthebrｉdgedoeｓnotrｅlieｖethｅＭａstｅrfromtakiｎｇanyｍeasｕresｎｅｃessaryｔoaｓsurｅtheｓａfｅtyｏfｔheshｉpandmarineenｖirｏnｍent.Ifhｅｆｉndｓｔｈatｔhepｉlot’sorｄersaｒｅｄoubtful,ｔhｅMasｔerｈasｔｏcｌａrifytｈeordersiｍｍediａｔelｙ．Wｈennｅcessarｙ,theMastershａlｌcoｍmandｔheship’snａvｉｇａｔionｈimself.引航員在船引航時并沒有解除船長和船員對于船舶安全的責任是ＩSM體系特別強調的一點，船長應當熟知并讓每位船員熟知。Whａt(yī)sｈoulｄtheＭasｔerdoｉfheiｓunsureａｂouｔｈiｓleｇalstaｎｄingiｎａforeiｇncｏuntryorastrangｅport?Heｍustconｔaｃtｔｈｅcｏmpａｎｙaｔoｎcｅｆoｒaｄvice.Ｈｅshouldａlso，ｉfnecesｓａry,ｃoｎsultthｅlocalcoｒｒeｓpｏndeｎｔｏfｔheowner’ｓP&Iandthelｏcalagenｔofthｅsｈiｐwｈocａnprovidevａlｕabｌｅaｎｄａssistanｃｅ.絕大多數(shù)船東希望遠在海上的船員能及時和船東溝通,并把一些解決不了或不是很明白的問題及時向他們報告。當然，和船東公司在各個國家和港口代理的溝通也十分重要。ＷhatｓhoulｄthｅＭａsterｄoｉftｈefiguresoftheｌｏａdeｄquantiｔyaｒeabnormalｌydifferenｔｆrｏmtｈoseonｔhebｉｌlsofladｉng？Themａstershoulｄｒｅporｔtheｃaｓetotｈｅｓｈipｏwnerasｓooｎａsｐｏｓsiｂlｅ．Atｔhｅｄiscretionoftｈｅcompanｙ，tｈｅＭasｔｅrsｈouｌdpreparｅanｄsendaＬｅttｅｒｏｆPｒoｔｅstｔoｔhenoｔarysｕrveyｏｒｏfterminal/poｒtaｕｔhｏrｉｔｙunderｔｈｅiｎstｒucｔionoftｈeshiｐowner.Insucｈcasｅ,tｈeMａsterｓhｏｕｌdalsoreｑｕｉrｅfurtheｒｍeasuｒemeｎｔsandcalcｕｌationsｔobemadｅ.WｈatcｏntentｓaｒeshoｗnｏntｈeBillofLadｉngifthｅshｉpislｏadｅdwithｂulkcaｒｇo？Ususllｙ,tｈefｏllowｉｎgｉtemsareｓｈｏwnｏntheBilｌofLading(B／L):ｍeａsure,qualitｙ,ｑuaｎtiｔy,coｎdiｔion,contｅｎtsandvalueunkｎｏｗｎｅｔc.,DiffｅrentｃompaniｅsｍayhavｅfｏrmaｔｓｆortｈｅirｒespectｉvｅB/Ｌ.AB/Lconsｉsｔsoftｈrｅeｏｒigiｎalｃopｉｅｓthathavｅｔhesamｅleｇaｌvalidｉｔy.Ｔhefirｓtｃoｐythｅcoｎsiｇｎeｅｓhoｗswiｌldeｎyｔhevａlidｉｔyｏfｔｈeothｅrtwoｃopieｓ.DoyｏuknowtheinsｕｒanceｃoｖeｒagepｒovidedbyaP&IＣｌub?AＰ&ICｌuｂisanoｎ-profiｔassｏcｉaｔionofshｉpｏwnerstｈatprovｉdeｓmutuａlｉnsuranceagａinｓtmaｒｉtimｅrｉｓkｓ．ＩtｃoｖｅrstｈｅriskｓｔhａｔarenotcoveｒｅdｂytｈeHullIｎsuｒｅｒ,sｕcｈaspersoｎalilｌnessandｉnjｕrｙ,caｒgodamａge,colliｓionwiｔｈanotheｒvessｅl,stｏｗawayｓandｒefugees，dａmagｅtofｉｘedorflｏaｔｉnｇoｂｊects,ｐollutionandsｏoｎ.CoｕldyouexplaiｎwhattheSＯＬＡS7４ANDMARPOL73／78aｒe?WhatiｓtｈerｅlaｔiｏnbeｔweｅnＳOLAS74anｄISMCｏｄe?SOLASistheIntｅｒnationalCｏnveｎｔioｎｆortheSaｆetyofLifeaｔSea.ＩtistheｍosｔimportaｎｔintｅｒnａｔｉonalｃoｎventｉonontheｓafetyofthｅｌｉｆeaｔｓeａmaｄeandpasｓedbｙIMＯ．TheIＳMCｏdｅiｓｌｉstｅdａsChapteｒ9ｏftheSＯLAS７4.Ｉtistoensｕreｓａfetyoftheship,thesｅamen,theporｔandthｅcarｇo,asｗelｌastheｍarineenvｉroｎｍｅｎt．ＭＡRＰOL，73/78ｉstｈｅＩnteｒnatiｏnaｌConｖｅntionoｎtheＰrｅvｅntioｎofＭarｉneＰollｕtｉｏｎ.Tｈiｓisｔｈｅmoｓtimｐoｒtaｎtinｔernatioｎalcoｎveｎtioｎontheprotectｉoｎofmariｎeenvironment.幾個國際公約的名稱,特別是全稱應當了如指掌。對公約重要條款更應當知道?，F(xiàn)在，IＳMCODE因列為ＳOLAＳ公約第9章而變成強制性執(zhí)行的公約,對ISMCODＥ的目的、重要內容特別要有比較進一步的了解。Prioｒtoship’sdepａrｔurｅ,ｗhａｔtｅstsｓhoｕldbemadeandlｏｇgｅdinthｅShiｐ’sLogBook?Someofthekeytesttｏｂedｏnｅbeｆoresａiling:ａ)Steeｒiｎggeartestb)Sｈip’sclocksanｄenginｅｔｅｌegrａphtestsanｄｈａrmonizatｉｏｎｃ)Ｉnterｎaｌ,ｅxternalａndｐortａblecommuniｃａt(yī)ioｎｅqｕｉpmenttestｄ）Ｔhｅwhｉsｔleandnaｖiｇaｔionallistｓtｅstsｅ）Relevanｔelｅctronicposｉtion-fixingeqｕｉpｍeｎt(ARPＡ,ＲＡDAＲ,GMDSS)testf)ＡnyotｈｅrteｓtsthattheMａsterthinkｓnｅｃessａryHowoftｅnａt(yī)lｅastｓhｏuldtheＥmｅｒgenｃｙＳteｅrinｇＤrillｂeｈeｌd?Itsｈoｕｌdbeｈeldａt(yī)leastevｅｒythrｅｅｍonｔｈs.Butacｔｕally,themｏreoｆｔenｔheｄｒillisdｏnｅ,tｈebｅｔter.Butbeｆoreenteringiｎｔｏｓomepｏrts，foｒexａmｐｌe，iｎtｈeＵSwhｅrePSCinspectｉoｎsareveｒysｔriｃt，itisｖeｒｙiｍporｔaｎtｔohａvedrillｓpriortoｅntry.Howdoyoｕmａinｔａintheminimｕmｕnｄerｋeelｃleａrance(ＭUＫＣ)wheｎｔｈｅvｅsseliｓdｕringpassａge,infairwaysａndinsidｅpoｒts?Durinｇthepａssaｇe，theMUＫCshouｌｄbｅatleasｔmｏrethaｎ20%ｏflｏａddraft,ｏｒasregulａt(yī)edbypｏrtａuthｏrｉtｙ.富余水深的多少因不同的船、不同的航區(qū)的規(guī)定而異，但是，為了保證航行安全,船長應在心目中有個大體的數(shù)字。WｈataretｈeMastｅｒ’sｒesponsｉbiｌiｔｉｅｓｏｎgarｂａgeｄisｐｏsａｌ?ThｅMａｓtｅrｓhalｌensuretｈａt(yī)thepostｅrｓwithasumｍａｒyofｒegulaｔｉononｇarｂageｄispｏｓalatseａiscｌｅarlｙｄisｐlａyedintheship’ｓgallｅy,onｔhｅiｎｆｏrmationboardsaｎｄinanyoｔheｒplaｃeswｈeｒegaｒbageiｓcｏllecｔeｄｐｒiortoｄispｏsａl.TheMastershalldｉsｃｕsｓthｅsubｊectofｓhipboardｇarbagemaｎaｇeｍenｔｗiththecrewatｓafｅtymeｅtｉnｇs.TheＭaｓtershａllchecｋｔhegaｒｂａgｅdiｓpｏsalsitｕaｔｉoｎonｂoardｔhoｒoｕgｈｌyfromtimetotime.TｈｅMastershallaｌｓｏnominaｔeaｓpｅcificｐerｓｏｎincｈarｇｅofthegarbａgeｄisposal．Canyｏｕdescrｉbethｅｇａｒbagedisposalｐｒocｅdｕrｅsonboaｒdyourlａstvessｅｌ？Hｏｗdidyoucｌasｓｉfythegarｂageonboaｒｄ?Ｆouｒｓtepｓｓｈｏuｌdbefoｌｌowed:cｏllｅcｔion，pｒocｅssｉng（sepａratioｎ），storａgｅ,anｄｄisｐosal.Ｔheｇaｒbagｅｃａndiviｄeｄｉntotｈreekiｎdｓ;Ｐl(wèi)ａｓtiｃsａnｄplasticmiｘedwiｔｈｏｔｈeｒｍateriａls;Foｏdandaｃｃomｍodａt(yī)ｉｏnwasｔｅ;Oｔｈergarbagecannoｔdisposedintｏthｅsea，ｅ.ｇ．plａｓticsandplａsticmaｔeｒiaｌs.垃圾的解決涉及到污染問題。各個公司的ＩSM手冊對于垃圾的解決都規(guī)定了非常嚴格的程序。垃圾當然也有明確的分類，如有的公司規(guī)定把垃圾提成三類、有的提成四類、有的提成六類等。船東重要看備選船員在防污染方面是否重視。由于一旦給某些港口國導致污染,船東會受到重罰的。WhataｒesensｉtivecaｒgoesaｓdefｉneｄｂytｈeP&ＩCｌub?Ｔhecargoｅsｔhataｒｅparticｕｌarlysusceptiblｅtoｍoistuｒeａｎddamagｅarecａｌlｅdsensiｔivecargｏes.Speciａlatｔeｎｔｉonisreｑuiredｆorsenｓiｔiｖｅcargoes.TheＰ&ＩClubdefinethｅfollowingcａrｇｏesasｓensiｔivｅcargｏes:cement,ｇrain,anｄｓugarandｓooｎ．Beｆorethecommencemeｎtofｅａcｈvｏyaｇｅ，wｈichpａｒｔsoｆthevｅsselshouldbecheｃkeｄ?Ｃａｒgoｈｏlｄs，hatchｃｏvｅｒs，vｅｎｔｉlationsystｅm，tank-ｔoｐ,hｏlｄlightinｇ,fｉreｆiｇhtinganddetｅcｔorapplｉanｃes，biｌｇe,ｓoundｉnｇpipｅs,ａirｐipeｓ,cargogｅａrｓ（hookｓ,grａｂs,ｓlings,ｗiｒes)andｔherelｅｖaｎtmaｃhineryshoｕldbｅｃhｅcｋedcarefuｌlyinordertｏensuｒesｅａwortｈiｎesｓofｔhｅvessｅl.Aｆterthecheｃks,ｔhecheｃklisｔｓshalｌbefiｌlｅdorreｃordｓshａllbｅkｅpt.Pleaseexplaintheｍeaningof“SOPEP”?WhatｃontenｔｓshouldｂｅｉncｌudｅdｉntｈeSOＰEP？ＳOPEＰmeaｎsShｉpboａrｄＯiｌPolｌuｔionＥｍerｇeｎｃyＰｌａnanditｓｈouｌdcontainｔheｆolｌowing:(1）ProceduｒeｓtobeｆoｌloｗｅdbytheMaｓteｒoｒｏtｈeｒpersonsinｃｈargｅoftheshiptｏreｐｏrtaｎoilpollutioｎincident.(2)Aｕｔｈorｉｔyorpersoｎｓtobecontaｃtedintheevenｔofoilpolluｔioｎ.(3)Detailｅddescriptionｏｆacｔiｏnｓtobｅtａkenimmediaｔelybypｅrｓonsonboardｔoreduceorcｏntｒoltｈedｉschａrｇeofoilｆｏllｏwinｇinｃidｅnt．(４)Ｌistofoilsｐilｌｒespｏｎseｅｑuｉpmeｎtandmａt(yī)ｅｒｉalｓtoｂemaｉｎtainｅdonbｏarｄ．（Remｏverｓ,sprayeｒ,oｉｌabsｏrｂent,sawdust，ｗastｅｒagｓ,scｏop,shｏvels，buckets,bamboobrooms,porｔａbｌｅpump,protectiveclotｈiｎgandpｏrｔabｌecｏｎtaineｒs)．Siｍpｌysｐeakｉｎg，SOPEPshｏｕldinｃluｄesuchtｈinｇsaｓtheeｍergenｃycoｎｔaｃtｓ(teｌephoneandotｈerｍeａnsoｆｃoｍmｕnicatｉｏn,aｄdrｅｓs,ｅtc.)，tｈeeqｕipmentuｓeｄｉndeａｌiｎｇwithoiｌpoｌlutiｏn,themｕsterlistiｎtｈeoilｐollｕtｉｏn,ａndthｅreｐorｔｐroceｄurｅwhｅntｈｅacciｄentｈappenｓetc.Whatprｅpａｒatioｎsshoｕｌdyoumaｋebefｏreentryintoapｏrt?(1）Tｏｇatｈｅrtheｎeｃessaryｉnｆormａt(yī)ionontｈesｔateanｄdestｉnaｔｉoｎportauthorityｒequiremenｔsrelａｔedtoｐilotage,berthｉng,custoｍsｃlearａｎｃｅaｎdpｏrｔquａrａｎｔineinspeｃtioｎs,eｔc.;（2)Ｔomaｋesｕreofａｎoｒderlysｌow-doｗｎofthｅｍaｉｎengiｎe,anｄａskthedｕtyoffｉcertogｉvetheETAaｎdｔheｔiｍｅshｉpｉｓexｐｅctｅdtobｅonｍaneuveｒinｇspeedtｏｔhｅｄｕtyengineeｒ;(3)TｈｅｍaiｎｅngｉｎeistobetesｔedinｔheasteｒｎmodeanｄtheMaｓteｒshｏuldkｎoｗｔhａt(yī)insomｅｃｏuｎｔries(e.ｇ.,iｎUＳ),befｏrｅentｒyintopｏrt,ｅntireｔｅsｔｏftｈenavigatｉonalequipｍｅntaｎdmainｅngineisrequirｅd;（4)Toaskthｅdutyｏffｉcerstｏeｎｓuretｈatｔheｒightｆlａgs，sｉgnals,oｒlｉgｈtsareshｏｗn;(5)Tofａcｉｌitaｔethemachineｒymaｉntenanｃｅ,theMastｅrsｈouldgiｖetheC/EａniｎdicatｉonｏfETBaｎｄＥTDｉmｍｅdiatｅlyaftertｈeａrrivaｌaｔanａnchｏrageｏrberth.ＷhaｔｓhouldaMusterＬistｉｎclｕde?WhatkｉndsofMusｔerＬisｔdidyouhaｖeonｔhelａsｔvessel？AＭｕsterLisｔshoulｄiｎｃｌｕdetｈefolｌoｗingpoints;(1)Ｄetａilｓｏfemｅrgeｎcyalａrｍsignal;(２)Ｈowabandonsｈiporｄerwillｂegiven;(３)Suｂstiｔutefｏrthekeyｐeｒsonneｌwｈｏmaybeｃomeｄｉｓａbｌｅd;（4)Thｅbｏattowhicheachpeｒsonbｅlongｓaｎddutiestobｅpｅｒｆormｅdiｎａnabaｎdonｓhipsiｔuatiｏｎ；(５)Thespecｉficgｒouptoｗhicｈａpersｏnbｅlongsandgｅｎeraｌdｕtｉesｄurｉｎgvariｏuｓeｍergenｃieｓ;(6）Ａnyadditｉonaloｒspeｃifｉcduties;（7)Sｐeｃiｆｉｃａssembｌypoｉnｔofｅａchgroｕp.ＴheMuｓtｅrListｍustbereadybｅfｏreashipｓａilｓ.WehadthefollowingＭustｅrＬistsonｂoaｒｄｔheｌastvessel;Geneｒaｌemergenｃy，fｉreｆightｉng,ｆｉreｉnｔheeｎgine,emerｇencysｔeeriｎg,abａndon－ship,mａｎoverｂoard,oiｌpoｌlutionｐｒeventioｎstaｔion.Ｗhｅnyourｓｈipｉsinvｏlvｅdｉnanoilpoｌｌutiｏnｉncｉdｅnt，whａt(yī)sｈｏuｌdmａsterｄo?AｃcｏrdｉｎgtoｔheＩＳMCodeaｎdMARＰOL，thｅinｃｉdentshouｌｄｂeｉmmｅdiatｅlyrepoｒtedtothenｅaｒｅstcoａｓtalStatｅ,anｄthｅshiｐowｎerwithoｕtaｎyｄelay.Areportshoｕlｄaｌsｏbesubmiｔtedtotheｆlagstate.DｏyｏｕallowcａrgｏdisｃｈａrgｅｗitｈoutｂｅiｎgsｈowｎtheＢ/L?Ｄefiniｔelysｐeak：No.ＴhｅB/Listhelｅgａlevidenｃｅofｔheｃaｒgo’soｗnｅrship.Ｈｏwever，ｔheｃargocａｎｂedｉschargediｆtheconsｉgｎeeshｏｗｓａLetｔerｏfIndeｍｎiｔyappｒoｖedｂytheshipｏwnerconfiｒminｇtheautｈentｉｃityofthｅdoｃｕmenｔs．Ｈｏwｄoｙｏuundeｒstaｎｄsｈiｐboａrdｔrａｉｎinｇ?Itｉｓaverｙｉmportaｎtthingｏｎｂoａｒｄ.Roｕtｉnetraiｎinｇonsafeｔyｏｆthevesｓel,thecargo，aｎdtｈeｓｅａmｅｎshouｌdbeｃarriｅdｏutｐeriodically．Traininｇｔonｅwｊoｉnerｓisaｌsoimｐortａnｔ．Tｈeyｓhoｕldbeｂrｉｅｆedoｎemergｅncyprocｅdurｅs,ａnti－pｏllutiｏn,ｓafetyｅｑuipｍentｆaｍｉlｉａrｉzatioｎ,shipopeｒatｉｏｎａltrainingａndｗｏｒkingskiｌlｓ.Howcａnｙｏumaintainabaｌancｅofinterｅstｓbｅtｗｅenｔｈeshipｏｗneｒandｔhechａｒｔｅrｅr?Ｗeｌl，ｔhiｓｉｓadifficｕltｑuｅstｉｏｎ．Ｍyopiｎionisthattheownｅｒ’ｓiｎｔeｒeｓtｓshouldalwaysbｅｐrｉoritizeｄ.Butｙouknow,ｓoｍｅｔｉmesthｅMａｓｔｅrisundeｒｈeavypresｓuｒeｆromboｔhtｈeownerａnｄtheｃｈａrterer.Ｍyexｐeｒiｅncｅｉsthatthｅｃharｔerer’ｓintｅresｔsshoｕldbetakegoodcarｅofwiｔｈouthuｒtingtheintｅrｅstｓoftheoｗnerandｔheｃrew.船長可以根據(jù)自身的經(jīng)驗和體會來組織這個問題的答案。但一般而言,船東希望能和租船公司建立良好的關系，又能維護船東的利益。由于船長拿的是船東的工資,但船東拿的是客戶（租家)的錢。Whatdoyoｕknowaboｕttｈｅiｎtｅｒnalａndexｔerｎaｌaｕdit？Duriｎgｔheinternalaudｉt,howｗｉllyouｃooperａt(yī)ｅｗithｔheａudiｔoｒs?Uｓualｌy,tｈeinｔｅrｎaｌauditiscarriedoutonceｏｒtwiｃeayearinａccｏrdancewitｈtheoｗner’sＳMSmanｕａls.ItｉsundeｒtｈｅcｈarｇeｏｆtｈeDesｉｇnａt(yī)edＰeｒsoｎ(ＤP)，oraｔthedｉscｒetｉｏnofthｅDP.Afｔｅｒreceiviｎgａｕditnｏticefroｍｔhｅcｏmpaｎy,theMasterｓｈoｕｌdholdapｒe－auｄitmeetｉｎgｗithtｈeｏfｆicｅrsａｎdengineeｒsafterrｅcｅｉvｉnｇtheaｕｄｉtnotｉce.ＴheMastｅｒshｏulｄmakeｓurｅｔhebｅstcooｐｅratiｏniｓｐrｏｖidedtotheauｄｉtorｓｏfthｅcoｍpanｙaｎdtheｄocumentstoｂeａｕｄitｅdarｅｗellpreparｅd.ＴhｅexｔernａlauｄitiscarriedoutbythepｒｏｆesｓionalauditorｓｆｒomtｈeClaｓｓ.Ｉｆmaｊornon-coｎforｍｉtiｅs,nｏn-cｏｎｆormitiｅsaｎdoｂｓeｒｖａt(yī)ｉonsarｅfoｕndeithｅriｎthｅinｔernalorexterｎalaudｉｔ,thesｈｉpｓhｏｕｌdmakeｒecｔiｆicａt(yī)ionｉnthestiｐuｌatedｔime．Ｃanyｏubｒieｆlydescｒibethｅhaｎｄ-ｏverｐrｏceｄｕrebeｔｗｅenｔheoｕtgoiｎgMasteraｎdtheｒｅlievingＭａster?Usuaｌly,thehandoveｒｐrocｅdｕrｅisaｓfollｏws:Fiｒst,tｈeouｔgoingMａstershouldprepａreaｈandoverrｅｐｏrtaspertheｃompａny’ｓhandoveｒproｃeｄurｅandcheｃklｉsｔ．Sｅcond,ｔheouｔgoingMaｓｔeｒshoｕldprepａreahanｄｏｖerｍemotobeattａchｅｄtoｔhereporｔ.Tｈｅfollowingshｏuｌｄbeｔｈeｈiｇhｌightｓinｔhehａnｄoverｐrocｅduｒe:Docｕmｅntatｉon,commuｎicatiｏn（theｍeａnｓｔocｏnｔacｔalｌｒeｌａt(yī)edpersoｎsａnｄcompanies),bridgeeｑuipmenｔ,sｔoresanｄaccouｎt,pｅrsonnel,ｓhipmaintenanｃeａｎdconditｉonsｅｔc.Besideｓ,itisalｓoveryiｍpoｒｔａｎtｔogiveｔｈerelｉevｉngＭasteｒacｌeａrideaｏftｈｅpeｒsｏnnｅl,thｅlocalagｅnｔ,theporｔaｎdｓoｍeｏtherinfｏrmationthatａreｎotｗriｔteninthecｈecklｉsｔ.ＴryｔoｆillｉnallthecｈecklisｔsaｔthepreseｎｃeｏfｂothＭasteｒs.Wｈaｔisｔｈeｒｅlａt(yī)ｉoｎsｈiｐbetｗeentheMasteｒａndtheＣhiefEｎgineer？ＯｒwhatkinｄofrelationshouｌｄtheMaｓterandtｈeChiefＥnｇinｅeｒhａve?TｈeMasｔeriｓtheNｏ．1lｅaｄeroftｈeship,resｐｏnsiblefortｈｅｗholeｖesselanｄｔｈeCｈiｅｆEngineerisonesubordｉnaｔeｏfｔheMａster.TｈeＣhｉefEｎgineerisinfulｌchargeｏfthｅenginｅｄepartmenｔ.Inthemeａntimｅ,iｔisalsoimportantforｔhｅMaｓteｒｔooffｅrsuppoｒｔaｎdhelptoｔｈeChieｆEngiｎeeｒinhisimplemenｔatioｎofdｕties．Anｙｗａy,smoｏthｃooperatiｏnaｎdharｍoniｏusreｌationshipｂeｔweｅntheMasｔerandtheChiｅfEnｇineerisvｅrｙｉmpoｒtaｎttｏｔhesafeoperationoｆtｈevessel.船長和輪機長的融洽關系非常重要,但船長對船舶安全的絕對權威不能有任何折扣。船東希望船長既能和輪機長處好關系，又可以樹立自己的管理權威。Whatｓｈoｕｌｄｔheshiｐ’sNightＯｒｄersinclude?HoｗｏftendｏyouprepaｒethｅNigｈtＯrｄers？Ｄowell-preparｅdNｉghtOｒdeｒsmeanｙoｕcanhaveagoｏdsleｅp?Theｓhｉｐ’sＮｉghtＯrｄｅrsshouldincludesuｃhinformaｔioｎassａilｉnｇcouｒse,anti-ｃollｉsｉonwarning,sｏmeｐrｅcautioｎs,watcｈkeeｐingｐｏintｓ,ｄａｎgerｏｕscargｏorders,saiｌingwａrniｎgｉnｓpｅciaｌareasｅｔｃ．TheMasterｓhouldｐrepaｒｅａNightOrdｅreｖeryniｇhtbefoｒeｈegoｅｓtｏsleｅp.EｖeｎIhａvewellprepareｄnigｈｔoｒders,Iｓｈaｌlstillｂeonhighalertｗhenthｅvｅｓseliｓsａilinginsomedaｎgerｏusareas(i．e.areaｓwｉthlｏｗｖisibｉlity,somｅｎarrowstraits，alongtheｓeacoａstandtｈependinｇａｒrｉvａｌattheport，eｔc.）這是一個船東非常關心的問題，由于這涉及到船舶的行駛安全,船長必須能純熟說出。Wｈｅnnｅwcrewscomｅoｎboard,whａt(yī)tｒaｉniｎgｗillyouoffｅrtothem?Fｉｒst，Ｉwillgｅtthｅmfamiｌiarwiththeｗholevｅsｓｅl,ｉｎｃｌudinｇtheequｉpment，thepersｏnｎｅｌaｎｄdｏｃｕments.Seｃoｎｄ,Iwillasktｈemtogｅｔfamiｌｉarwｉtｈtheｉrrｅsｐecｔiveduties.Thirｄ,Ｉwillｇetｔｈemtraiｎedonthesaｆeｏｐerａt(yī)ionandｅmergencyprｏcｅｄｕrｅｓａndsooｎ.船上船員的培訓既要符合國際規(guī)則的規(guī)定，也要符合公司體系文獻的規(guī)定。此外，船長也要根據(jù)具體情況安排相應的培訓內容。Ｗｈatａｒｅthｅthｒｅegradesofbulkcarriｅrsaccorｄｉngtotheｉｒsizｅ？Ｇeｎｅｒally,tｈeyareclassifiedintothreetyｐeｓ:Handysize，PａｎamａxｓｉzeandCapeｓizｅ.TｈeHandysizebulｋerisｌesｓthan60，000tonsiｎｄeadweiｔhｔtｏｎｎａｇe．Thepanａｍaxsizeｂulｋerｉsbｅtween60,000to70,000tons,ｕsｕallycarryingusualcarｇoesｓuchascoaｌ，barxite(鋁土礦),Ｂorａx(硼砂)，Cｅment,Gｒａiｎ，Ｔapioｋa,Coｐra(椰子肉）,Ｐｅllet，LｉmｅStoneaｎdsoｏn．TheCapesｉzeismoretｈan8０,000indeadweｉghttoｎnage，ａｎd106feetｉｎbreadtｈ,andtheｃarｇousualｌycaｒｒiｅdbytｈｉｓtypeｏｆabulｋｅｒareiroｎoｒe,pellet,andCoal.Hoｗｄoyouknｏwtｈaｔｔheseaｃharｔisuｐ－tｏ-date?Ｈoｗdoyouｇｅttheｌａt(yī)ｅstNoticeｔoMarｉner?Iｎｅedtochｅｃktｈeｃhartscｏrｒectｉonloｇandthｅｃhartsconcerｎedtoｍakｅsureｔｈｅchaｒtisupdated.NorｍａｌlｙtｈｅcompanysenｄsthｅNoticｅtoMａrinerperiｏdicallyandａutomａt(yī)iｃallｙtotｈeship.ＩwｉllsｅndarequisｉtioｎtothecompａnyifｔheＮotｉｃetoMariｎｅrisnotbeingreceived.ＷｈatistｈeDCPAdurinｇpassａge,iｎfａｉｒwayｓ,inthestraitandinｓｉdepｏｒts?Ａｔseａ，tｈeclosestpｏｉntofapprｏaｃh(DCPA)istｗoｍｉles;intｈestrａｉt,thecｌoseｓｔpｏiｎtofapprｏach(ＤCPA)istｗoｍiles;inthestrait,tｈeｓhortest