時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ）學(xué)案 人教版八年級(jí)上冊

第第頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。

3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞Every系列：_________________________________頻率副詞：always>usually>often>seldom表頻率的短語：onceaweek，twiceaweek，threetimesaweek，對其提問用howoften一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成

1.be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。如何判斷主語是否是三人稱單數(shù)：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化be動(dòng)詞的變化。be為am，is，are，用誰由主語決定

否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。

一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?

行為動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.

當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：

-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.

當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：

-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則

1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks

2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes

3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies

練習(xí)：

一、按照要求改寫句子

1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)

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2.Shedoesherhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)

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3.JohncomesfromCanada.(對劃線部分提問)

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4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)

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5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)

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二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?.Weoften(play)intheplayground.2.He(get)upatsixo’clock.3.you(brush)yourteetheverymorning?4.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?5.they(like)theWorldCup?6.Mikesometimes(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she(watch)TVwithhisparents.8.Mike(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessonsyourclassmates(have)onMonday?10.Whattimehismother_____(do)thehousework?11.Heusually_____(get)upatsixinthemorning.12.Mymother______(have)alotofcousins.13.We_______(go)toschooleveryday.m]14.Theboy_________(like)playingfootball.15.We_______(have)noclassesonSundays.[來源:學(xué).科.網(wǎng)]16.She________(write)tohermotheronceaweek.17.It_____(rain)quiteoftenduringthemonthofJulyeveryyear.18.Sheoften_________(watch)TVonSaturdays.19.Mikeusually_________(ride)abikewithhisfriendsinthepark.20PeterandMaryoften_______(play)badmintontogether.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.定義：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.標(biāo)志詞：now,thisweek,atthismoment,rightnow（就是現(xiàn)在，馬上）等時(shí)間狀語，還有l(wèi)ook,listen,Can'tyousee?（常用于句子的開頭，表示提醒聽者注意正在發(fā)生的事情）Listen!Lilyisdancinginthenextroom.Look!Thedogisrunningafterthecar3.用法表示說話時(shí)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行。常與now,rightnow等時(shí)間狀語及l(fā)isten，look等標(biāo)志詞連用。造句：他們正在看電視?，F(xiàn)在她正在隔壁房間唱歌?？?！那個(gè)男孩正在河里游泳。表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，并不限于說話時(shí)特定的時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。He’sworkinghardathislessonthisyear.你女兒這些天在做什么？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與always連用時(shí)，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常帶有一定的感情色彩。他總是幫助別人。我的小弟弟總是穿一件白色的T恤衫。動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如come,go,arrive,leave,start,stay等。I’mleavingtomorrow.Myparentsarecomingbacktomorrow.表示態(tài)度、情感、心理狀態(tài)等的動(dòng)詞和連系動(dòng)詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如hear,see,like,love,know,want,hope,think,wish,taste,sound等Wehavealotofbooks.Sheloveshermomverymuch．Thatsoundsgreat！Ilikegoingshoppingwithmyfriends.例.用括號(hào)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.What_____they_____(do)overthere?They’retalkingaboutamovie.2.Myfather_____(cook)inthekitchennow.He’sagood_______(cook).3.It________(snow)inMoscownow.4.Jeffoften_____(play)computergames.5.It’s6:00intheevening.TheGreenfamily_______(have)dinner.6.Veraoften_____(do)somereadinginthemorning.4.結(jié)構(gòu)及句型轉(zhuǎn)換：●肯定句：主語+be(isamare)+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)+其它。如：WearehavinganEnglishclassnow.●否定句：主語+be(isamare)+not+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)+其它。如：WearenothavinganEnglishclassnow.●一般疑問句：Be(isamare)+主語+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)+其它？回答：Yes,主語+be(isamare).No,主語+be(isamare)+not.如：AreyouhavinganEnglishclassnow?Yes,weare.No,wearen’t●現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+doing（+其他）？—Whatisyoursisterdoing？你的妹妹正在做什么？—Sheisridingherbike.她正在騎她的自行車。—Wherearetheyplayingsoccer？他們正在哪里踢足球？—Theyareplayingsoccerontheplayground./Ontheplayground.在操場上。特殊疑問詞who做主語時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，結(jié)構(gòu)為Who+is+doing+其他？Eg:Listen!Whoissinging?—Whoiscleaningtheclassroom？誰在打掃教室？—Peter.—isthegirldoing？—Sheiscleaningherbedroom.—areyoutalkingto？—MyEnglishteacher,Mrs.Green.—aretheyreadingnewspaper？—Inthereadingroom.Myfather（like）toreadnewspapersaftersuppereveryday.Look！Thecat（run）afteramouse.Mybrotherislisteningtomusic.（對劃線部分提問）listeningtomusic？Theyareplayingbasketballontheplayground.（對劃線部分提問）ontheplayground？Mr.Smithisreadinganewspaperinthelivingroom.（對劃線部分提問）Mr.Smithanewspaper？4.動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)在分詞的規(guī)則：●一般情況下直接在詞后加-ing.如：gogoingaskaskingstudystudyingdodoingdrinkdrinkingflyflying以不發(fā)音的“e”結(jié)尾的，去“e”加-ing.如：rideridingmakemakinghavehavinggivegivingcomecominglivelivingleaveleavingwritewriting注：seeseeing(ee是組合不去e)●以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫后一個(gè)輔音字母再加-ing.如：putputtingsitsittingstopstoppingshopshoppinggetgettingswimswimmingletlettingcutcuttingrunrunningbeginbeginninghithittingdigdiggingwinwinning●ie結(jié)尾為y加inglielyingtietyingdiedying【專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練】一.填空題。1．MrZheng_______________(read)abooknow.2.Therabbits_________________(jump)now.3..Look!TomandJohn________________(swim).4.Mybrother_________________(make)akiteinhisroomnow.5.Look!Thebus_______________(stop).6.We_______________(have)anEnglishclassnow.7.Listen!Someoneis__________________(come).8.They___________________(catch)butterfliesnow.9.He______________________(do)anexperimentnow.10.They_____________________(collect)stampsnow.11.Look!He_________(dive)now.12.Tom__________________(watch)TVinthediningroom.13.Thedoctors_____________________(get)offthebus.14.Comeon.They_________________(leave)now.15.It_______________________(eat)fishnow.16.Myfather__________________(work)intheofficenow.17.Whereisyourmother?She________________________(answer)thephone.18.Theteachers________________(run)now.二、按要求改寫句子1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)①_______________________________________________②_______________________________________________2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)①_______________________________________________②____________________________________③_____________________________3．I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(改為否定句)________________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(改為一般疑問句)________________________________________________5.Mymotheriscookingsomenicefoodnow.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)①_______________________________________________②____________________________________③_____________________________6.Theyaren’twateringtheflowersnow.(改為肯定句)______________________________________________________一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)的用法1、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hewasathomeyesterday.Igotupatsixthirtyyesterdaymorning. Ivisitedmyauntlastweekend.2、表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Myfatheroftenwenttoworkbybuslastyear.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenlistenedtomusic.常用時(shí)間常與一般過去時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,last(year,night,month),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longago,onceuponatime,etc.be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)：肯定句：主語+be動(dòng)詞的過去式（was,were）+其他.否定句：主語+be動(dòng)詞的過去式（was,were）+not+其他.疑問句：Be動(dòng)詞的過去式（was,were）+主語+其他?肯定回答：主語+was/were.否定：主語+wasn't/weren't.例如：Hewasbusyyesterday.否定句：_________________________________________________疑問句：_________________________________________________肯定回答：______________________________否定：______________________________.練習(xí)：用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I______atschooljustnow.2.He______athomelastweek.3.We_________studentstwoyearsago.4.There______anappletreeinfrontofmyhousebefore.5.There________somemilkinthefridgelastSunday.行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)：肯定句：主語+行為動(dòng)詞的過去式+其他.否定句：主語+didn’t+V原型+其他.疑問句：Did+主語+V原型+其他?肯定回答：主語+did否定：主語+didn’t例如：Hewalkedtoschoolyesterday.否定句：_____________________________________________疑問句：_____________________________________________肯定回答：_____________________________________________動(dòng)詞過去式的小結(jié)(規(guī)則變化）1.一般動(dòng)詞詞尾加—edwalk—listen—look—2.以不發(fā)音字母“e”為結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-dlive—notice—decide—3.以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i,再加-ed.hurry—carry—cry—try—4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫后面輔音字母，再加-ed.stop—step—一般過去時(shí)專練一、用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I___________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2.--_______she____(play)herguitar（吉他）yesterday?--No,she____.3.—What___________Tom__________(do)onSaturdayevening?--He_________(watch)TVand__________(read)aninterestingbook.4.Theyall____________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She_____________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She____________(stay)athomeand___________(do)somecleaning.6.I_______________(see)himinthelibrarytwodaysago.7.Myfriend,Carol,____________(study)forthemathstestand____________(practise)Englishlastnight.8.They_____________(make)himworktwelvehoursadaylastyear.9.–How_______________(be)Jim’sweekend?--It____________(benot)bad.10.Theboss（老板）__________(drive)hiscartoLondonforaholiday11.Thegovernment______________(build)anewbridgelastyear.12.When___________Sam____________(do)hishomeworklastnight?13.Linda_____________(clean)theroomyesterday.14.Mygrandfather_____________(be)sicklastweek.15.Heoften______(play)basketballafterschoolwhenhewasastudent.16.They____________(be)veryhappytohearthegoodnewsyesterday.17.I_______________(see)himtoday.Hewenttoseehisgrandmother.18.I______________(be)busylastweek.19.Linda_______________(know)thebadnewsrightnow.20.There____________(be)alotofpeopleinthisvillagefiveyearsago.21.I_______________(buy)anewdictionarythedaybeforeyesterday.22.She_______________(give)meabookamomentago.23.Thegirl_______________(get)upearlythismorning.24.They_______________(take)photosneartheriveranhourago.25.He__________________(notdraw)picturesyesterdayevening.二、按要求改寫句子，每空一詞。1.Fatherboughtmeanew