山東省青島市第五十七中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

山東省青島市第五十七中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1._____basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.Known B.HavingknownC.Knowing D.Beingknown參考答案：C2.Thetwocountriesagreedto__________theirdifferencesandworktogetherforpeace,whichhasapositiveimpactontheinternationalsituation.

A.setdown

B.setout

C.setaside

D.setabout參考答案：C3.

Thehotelwas___________westayedinlastmonth.

A.where

B.which

C.what

D.that參考答案：C4.Scientistsbelievethatitmightbeseveralyears______themedicinecanbeusedonhumanbeings．（）A．since B．when C．before D．until參考答案：C句型搭配．itis+時間段+before從句，表示多久以后…才…；since自從，when當(dāng)…時候，until直到．句意表達(dá)的是這種藥幾年后才能用在人的身上．故選C．5.Mary'sfavoriteisfiuit._______kinditis.

A.whatever

B.wherever

C.whenever

D.however參考答案：A6.Obviously,strengtheningstrategicpartnershipisconsistentwiththe______interestsofthetwocountriesandtheirpeoples.A.traditional

B.potential

C.fundamental

D.secure參考答案：C7.---Couldyou______takecareofmydogwhileI’maway?

---Sure.Leaveittome,please.A.perhaps B.possibly C.maybe

D.probably參考答案：B略8.Likeallteenagersthere’sonethingshe’drather__________---spots.

A.dowithout

B.doup

C.dowith

D.dooff參考答案：A9.ThestatementofOneFoundationhelpsyou____whereyourmoneyisgoing.A.keeptrackof

B.putupwith

C.comeupwith

D.fitinwith參考答案：A略10.Thedriverwasat______losswhen______wordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding.A.a,the

B./,/

C.the,the

D.a,/參考答案：D11.Heloveshissontothedegree________hepracticallypromiseswhateverheasksfor.

A.that

B.what

C.so

D.thus參考答案：A略12.MauryBrownofForbesreportsthatMajorLeagueBaseball’sannual________for2014willtop$9billion．A．a(chǎn)llowances

B．revenuesC．rates

D．Accounts參考答案：B試題解析：考查名詞辨析。A．津貼；B．[會計]收入；稅收；C．價格；[數(shù)]比率；等級；D．賬目。句意：MauryBrownofForbes報道美國職棒大聯(lián)盟2014年收入將超過90億美元。故選B.13.Thisticket_____oneadultandonechildtotheshow.A.promises B.enters C.admits D.includes參考答案：C14.---Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?---Thetrees_________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A.mightgrow

B.musthavegrownC.wouldhavegrown

D.wouldgrow參考答案：C考查虛擬語氣。wouldhavedone表示對過去已發(fā)生的事情的推測，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，譯為本來會做，但是沒有做，must+have+done”表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成“一定做過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句，故排除B,句意：我們上周種的那些新樹怎麼樣了？樹可能會長的很好吧，但是我沒有去給他們澆過水。故選C。15.TomorrowisTom'sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea_________thepartyistobeheld?Awhat

Bwhich

Cthat

Dwhere參考答案：D16.______isnatural,hemarriedMary.

A.It

B.What

C.Which

D.As參考答案：D17.IfIfindsomeonewholookslikethesuspect,my_______reactionwillbetotellthepolice.A.genuine

B.sensitive

C.immediate D.independent參考答案：C18.Themovieissetin______iscalled"theNewWorld"andshowsaudiencethehistoryofAmerica,A．that

B．where

C．what

D．which參考答案：C二、填空19.ThefirstpartoftheunderwatertunnelfortheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacauBridgewas___41___(success)completedonOct8,2016.Knownas"oneofthesevenmodemwondersintheworld,"itistheworld's___42___(long)bridgecurrentlybeingconstructed___43___(start)fromLantauIslandinHongKong.theY-shapedbridgewillhave___44___totallengthofabout55kilometers,includinga6.7-kilometerunderwatertunnelanda23-kilometerbridgeoverthesea.Artificialislandswillbebuiltatbothendsoffthetunnel___45___(allow)forthepassageoflargeships.Thebridgewillserve___46___animportantchannellinkingHongKong,Macau,ZhuhaiandthewesternpartofthePearlRiverDelta,___47___isoneofthemosteconomicallydevelopedareasintheChinesemainland.___48___(construct)ofthebridgestartedin2009.___49___(it)totalcostwillcometosome10billionRMB.It___50___(expect)

tobecompletedbytheendofthisyear.參考答案：41.successfully

42.longest

43.Starting

44.a

45.toallow

46.as

47.which

48.Construction

49.Its

50.isexpected文章介紹了港珠澳大橋的海底隧道的具體修建情況。41.successfully考查副詞。此處修飾動詞complete用副詞形式，指成功完成。故填successfully.42.longest考查形容詞最高級。此處指這是世界上正在建造的最長橋，由theworld's修飾用最高級，故填longest.43.Starting考查動詞形式。句中主語theY-shapedbridge和動詞start是主動關(guān)系，此處作狀語用動詞-ing形式，故填Starting.44.a考查冠詞。此處表示“有…的總長度”用atotallengthof…，故填a.45.toallow考查動詞不定式。此處指將在隧道兩端建造人工島用于大型船舶的通行，動詞不定式表目的，故填toallow.46.as考查介詞。serveas“擔(dān)任，充當(dāng)，起…作用”，此處表示“當(dāng)作”，故填as.47.which..........................................48.Construction考查名詞。由ofthebridge修飾用名詞，指橋的修建，故填Construction.49.Its考查代詞。此處修飾后面的名詞cost用物主代詞，指它的總成本，故填I(lǐng)ts.50.isexpected考查被動語態(tài)。句中主語It和動詞expect是被動關(guān)系，指這座橋被期望到今年年底完成。故填一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)isexpected.20.Imaginearoadcrossingwithoutthethree-daytrafficsignal,cars,trucks,schoolbuses,bicyclistsandstudentswalkingtoschoolwouldtrytorushthroughthecrossing___41___thesametime.Theirsafetywouldbeindanger.ThankstoanAfricanAmerican___42___(invent)namedGarrettAugustusMorgan,wehavethree-waytrafficsignalsthathelpmakecrossingsmuch___43___(safe).Mr.MorganwasborninKentuckyin1877.Heonlyreceivedsixyears’education.Asateenhelefthisfamily’sfarminsearchofbetter___44___(opportunity).LivinginCincinnati,Ohio,hecontinuedhisstudiesinEnglishgrammar.ThenhemovedontoCleveland___45___heworkedasarepairmanforaclothingfactory.Hehadakeeninterestinsolvingproblems___46___(meet)ineverydaylife.Laterhepatentedseveralinventions.Thethree-waytrafficsignalwasjustoneof___47___.Onedayhefeltverysadwhenhesawatrafficaccident.Tohelpreducetrafficaccidentsandsavepeople’slives,he___48___(immediate)begantoworkontheinvention.Finally,itwas___49___greatsuccesswhichsavedlivesthen,and___50___(be)stillsavinglivestoday.參考答案：41.at

42.inventor

43.safer

44.opportunities

45.where

46.met

47.them

48.immediately

49.a

50.is【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹三向交通信號燈的發(fā)明經(jīng)過及發(fā)明者GarrettAugustusMorgan?！?1題詳解】考查固定詞組。固定詞組：atthesametime“同時”，故答案為at。【42題詳解】考查名詞。句意：多虧了一位名叫加勒特·奧古斯都·摩根(GarrettAugustusMorgan)的非裔美國發(fā)明家，我們有了三向交通信號燈，讓過路變得更加安全。結(jié)合句意可知此處用名詞inventor“發(fā)明者”，故答案為inventor?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：多虧了一位名叫加勒特·奧古斯都·摩根(GarrettAugustusMorgan)的非裔美國發(fā)明家，我們有了三向交通信號燈，讓過路變得更加安全。much修飾比較級，加強語氣，故答案為safer?！?4題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：十幾歲時，他離開家的農(nóng)場去尋找更好的機(jī)會。結(jié)合句意可知此處是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為opportunities?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：然后他搬到了Cleveland，在那里做一家服裝廠的修理工。此處Cleveland是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語，故答案為where。【46題詳解】考查過去分詞作后置定語。句意：他對解決日常生活中遇到的問題有著濃厚的興趣。此處problems和meet之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去分詞作后置定語，故答案為met?！?7題詳解】考查人稱代詞賓格。句意：后來他為幾項發(fā)明申請了專利。三通只是其中之一。根據(jù)oneof可知后面用名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞賓格，此處用them代替前面的名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故答案為them。【48題詳解】考查副詞。此處用副詞修飾動詞began，故答案為immediately。【49題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：這是一個巨大的成功，挽救了當(dāng)時的生命，今天仍然在挽救生命。asuccess一個成功的人；一件成功的事。故答案為a?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這是一個巨大的成功，挽救了當(dāng)時的生命，今天仍然在挽救生命。后半句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)，主語是it，故答案為is。【點睛】分析定語從句關(guān)鍵抓住兩點：第一、找準(zhǔn)先行詞；第二、看先行詞在定語從句中所作的成分。先行詞往往為名詞或代詞，如本題第5小題，先行詞為名詞Cleveland，再分析先行詞Cleveland在定語從句中所作的成分，將先行詞Cleveland帶到從句中可知，只能作地點狀語，故確定關(guān)系詞where。三、閱讀理解21.Thefactthatantsarefascinatinginsectshasbeenknownforsometime.Now,scientistshavediscoveredalargenumberofwoodantslivinginanabandonedundergroundstorehouseinTemplewo,Poland,despitehavingnoobvioussourceoffood.PolishzoologistWojciechCzechowskiandhisteambeganstudyingtheundergroundcolonyin2013.Theyfoundtheantsbuilta60-cmhighnestinthesoildirectlyoverthestorehouseverticalairpipe.Asyearspassed,themetalcoveringonthepipeeroded,leavingbehindaholethatthousandsofworkerantsaccidentallyslipintoeachdayastheygoabouttheirdailychores.Thescientistssaythattherearenosourcesoffoodinthestorehouse.Thismeansthattheinsectsliveinastateofnearstarvation.InJuly2015,theresearchersdisturbedpartoftheantnestinsearchoflarvae(幼蟲),cocoons(繭),andqueens.Theyfoundnothing,leadingthemtosuspectthatthelackoffoodandcoldtemperaturesmadereproductionimpossibleandthatthegrouptendingthenestisentirelymadeupofnon-reproductivefemaleworkers.Theirpopulationisrefilledeveryyear,byanewrainofunfortunateantsthatslidedownthehole.TheresearcherssaythatwhentheyreturnedinJanuary2016,thenesthadbeenrepaired.Itappearsthatdespitetheterribleconditions,theworkerantsdonotstopconstructingtheirnest.Woodantsareknownfortheirabilitytoadapttobadlivingconditions.Inthiscase,themillionsofworkerantstrappedinthestorehousehavenochoice.Butinsteadoflosinghope,theyaremakingthebestofthesituation—aclassicexampleof“whenlifegivesyoulesionsmakelemonade.”8.Howdidthewoodantsarriveinthestorehouse?A.Theyfelldowntherebyaccident.B.Theresearchteambroughtthemthere.C.Thestorehousebuildersleftthemthere.D.Theywereattractedbytheenvironment.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eroded”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Expanded.

B.Rotted.

C.Exploded.

D.Melted.10.Whatdidtheresearchersfindinthenest?A.Larvae.

B.Cocoons.

C.Aqueen.

D.Workerants.11.Whydidthepopulationofwoodantsremainsteady?A.Theyhadenoughfood.B.Theywereabletoreproduce.C.Theyadaptedtotheconditions.D.Theyhadnewcomerstojointhem.參考答案：8.A

9.B

10.D

11.D10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段thousandsofworkerantsaccidentallyslipintoeachdayastheygoabouttheirdailychores.以及第三段Theyfoundnothing,leadingthemtosuspectthatthelackoffoodandcoldtemperaturesmadereproductionimpossibleandthatthegrouptendingthenestisentirelymadeupofnon-reproductivefemaleworkers.可知，巢穴里發(fā)現(xiàn)的只有工蟻，其它什么都沒有，故選D。11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Theirpopulationisrefilledeveryyear,byanewrainofunfortunateantsthatslidedownthehole.可知，每年都有一些倒霉的工蟻們不小心掉到洞里來，最后導(dǎo)致林蟻的數(shù)量一直都很穩(wěn)定，故選D。【名師點睛】猜詞悟義。我們要學(xué)會“順藤摸瓜”，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。任何一篇文章中的句子在內(nèi)容上都不是絕對孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有關(guān)。利用上下文提供的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推測詞義，是閱讀過程中的一大關(guān)鍵。最常見的就是利用上下文語境、常識和語法關(guān)系等推斷詞義。比如第2題，這個要猜的詞erode，單詞很簡短，無法從構(gòu)詞法的角度猜，文中也沒有定義、同位這樣的一些提示，因此只能結(jié)合上下文結(jié)合前后句的意思來理解了，這句話本身的含義是“多年過去了，管道上的金屬（），最后就剩下一個洞”，根據(jù)邏輯推理，前面有pipe“管道”，后面有hole“洞”而且還有時間的描述，很多年，故結(jié)合生活常識進(jìn)行推理，肯定是管道腐爛了，然后就破了洞，故括號里應(yīng)該是意為“腐爛的”詞，答案就出來了。這種題還需多練習(xí)才能熟能生巧。22.SwimmingacrosstheEnglishChannelisnoeasyfeat.Inadditiontothestrongoceancurrents,swimmersalsohavetoendureextremelycoldtemperatures.However,don'ttellthattoSarahThomas.The37-year-okiAmericanrecentlybecamethefirstpersonevertoswimacrossitnotonce,hutfourtimesnon-stop!"Ijustcan'tbelieveIdidit/'ThomastoldtheBBCaftertheswim."I'mreallyjustprettynumb.Therewasalotofpeopleonthebeachtomeetmeandwishmewell,anditwasreallyniceofthem,butIfeeljustmostlystunned."WhatmakesThomas'sachievementevenmoreremarkableisthatjustayearago,in2018,shewasundergoingtreatmentforbreastcancer.Shesaidthatfightingthestrongcurrentswashard.Butevenworsewas“dealingwiththesaltwater...itreallyhurtsyourthroatyourmouthandyourtongue”,shesaid.“Igotstung(蟄)inthefacebyajellyfish.Thewaterwasn'tascoldasIthoughtitmightbe,butitwasstillverycold."Thomas’srecord-breakingjourneybeganjustpastmidnightonSunday,September15,2019,whenshedoveintothewatersofftheshoreofDover,England.Thoughtheswimwasinitiallymeanttobeabout80miles,strongcurrentsforcedtheathletetochangecourseseveraltimes,lengtheningthetotaldistancebyabout50miles.Bythetimesheappearedfromthewaterat6:30a.m.localtimeonTuesday,September17,2019,shehadbeeninthewaterfor54hoursand13minutesandswumatotalof133miles!Evenmoreimpressive,Thomasachievedtheastonishingfeatinaregularswimsuit.Heronlyaidswereswimgoggles,onecap,anoseclip,andearplugs。.ThisisnotthefirsttimeThomashasswumacrosstheEnglishChannel.Shehasdoneittwicebefore,in2012and2016.ShetoldfilmmakerJonWasher,whoismakingadocumentaryaboutherswim,“AsIwasdoing20mileswims,itoccurredtomethatIcoulddomoreandIwantedtoseewhatthatmorewas."Theswimmer,whoisbeingpraised“anlegend"bytheCS&PF,hasindeedshowntheworldwhatsheiscapableofHowever,wehaveafeelingsheisnotdoneyet!56.Bymentioning“SwimmingacrosstheEnglishChannelisnoeasyfeat",thewriteraimstoA.warnpeoplenottoswimacrossitB.arousepeople'interestinswimmingC.setoffSarahThomas'sachievementsD.stressthedifficultiesswimmershavetoconquer57.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned"meaninParagraph2?A.Surprised. B.Satisfied. C.Doubtful. D.Regretful.58.WhattroubledThomasmostduringswimming?A.Strongcurrents. B.Seawater.C.Jellyfish. D.Watertemperature.59.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlyfocuson?A.Thelongdistanceshecovered.B.Theordinaryequipmentshepossessed.C.Therecord-breakingtimeshestayedinwater.D.Theimpressivedeterminationshedisplayed.60.WhatcanweinferfromthelastParagraph?A.Adocumentaryisbeingmadeaboutherachievements.B.ShehasswumacrosstheChannelmorethanonce.C.ShewillprobablyplantoswimtheChannelinthefuture.D.Sheiscapableofdoingeveryt