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Book3Unit2WordsandExpressions導(dǎo)學(xué)案一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換illustrate;vt.(舉例)說明;闡明;給(書或文章加插圖-illustrationn.例證;說明;(書籍、文章等中的)插圖,圖解一illustratorn.插圖畫家;說明者marryv.結(jié)婚,娶,嫁一marriagen.結(jié)婚;婚姻majoradj.主要的;重要的;大的n.主修課程;主修學(xué)生vi.主修;專門研究—majorityn.大部分;大多數(shù)respondvt.回答;回復(fù)vi做出反應(yīng);回應(yīng)一responsen.回答scholarn.學(xué)者一scholarshipn.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金rejectvt.拒絕接受;不錄用一;rejectionn,拒絕接受;否決appointvt.任命;委派一appointedadj.指定的;約定的一叩pointmentn.約見,約會(huì)electvt.選舉;推選一electionn.選舉;推選;當(dāng)選tendvt照顧;照料vi.傾向;趨于—tendencyn.趨勢(shì);傾向retirevi.&vt.退休;退職;退出一retirementn.退休—retireen.退休人員;退休者scarevt.驚嚇;使害怕vi,受驚嚇一scaredadj.害怕的;對(duì)感到驚慌或恐懼的一scaryadj.恐怖的;嚇人的insurevt.給買保險(xiǎn),為投保一insurancen.保險(xiǎn);保險(xiǎn)業(yè)replacevt.接替;取代;更換一;replacementn.代替(者);替換(物)operatevi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);運(yùn)作vt.操作—operatorn.操作員;接線員—operationn.手術(shù);企業(yè);經(jīng)營assistvt.幫助;援助一assistantn.助手;助理一assistancen.幫助;援助tenseadj.緊張的;拉緊的一tenselyadv.緊張地一tensionn.緊張關(guān)系;緊張;焦慮harmn.&vt.傷害;損害一harmfuladj.有害的一harmlessadj.無害的flexibleadj.靈活的;可變通的一flexiblyadv.靈活地;易適應(yīng)地一flexibilityn.柔韌性;靈活性二、練習(xí)Thisgraph(illustrate)theresultoftheexperiment.Allherchildren's(marry)endedindivorce.Thepilotsaidtheplanedidnot(response)tothecontrols.Thoughthe(major)is/areagainsttheplan,thebossstillhopestocarryitoutnextyear.Mathewappliedfora(scholar)tostudyphilosophyatOxford.Hekeepsapplyingforjobsbutconstant(reject)havediscouragedhim.Linda(appoint)tothecommitteerecently.The(elect)campaignheatedupinthatstate.Ihavea(tend)totalktoomuchwhenFmnervous.Boscohasnoplansto(retire)aseditorofthemagazine.Thisisthe(scare)storyIhaveeverheardinmylife!Whenthewifegotkilled,herhusband,themurderer,wasexpectingtoreceive$50,000in(insure).Personally,Ithinkstoreshoppingwillexistalongwithonlineshoppingandwillnever(replace).Thedoctoradvisedanimmediate(operate).Despitehiscries,noonecametohis(assist).Shesatthere(tense),waitingforthetestresult.Thebullet(子彈)strucka(harm)oldmanFreshmenmustrespond(flexible)toawiderangeofchallengesoncampus.三、知識(shí)點(diǎn)Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.(pl6L10)marriagen.結(jié)婚;婚姻e.g.Theyhadalongandhappymarriage.他們的婚姻長久而幸福。詞語積累:marrysb(和某人)結(jié)婚;娶;嫁marriedadj.已婚的;結(jié)婚的bemarried(tosb)(與結(jié)婚)【表狀態(tài)】getmarried(tosb)(與結(jié)婚)【表動(dòng)作】練習(xí):Thesurvey[調(diào)查]showsthattwo-thirdsof(marry)womeneamlessthantheirhusband.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.(pl6L10)majorityn.大部分;大多數(shù)themajorityof...大多數(shù)(謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于介詞of后的名詞)Themajorityofpeoplewholiveinthistownhaveprivatecars.居住在這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都有私家車。majoradj.主要的,重要的,大的n.專業(yè)vi.主修majorin主修單句語法填空/完成句子.The(major)ofthecitizensinthatregionhavebeenaffectedbysocialmedia..Anagreement(協(xié)'議)seemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers(be)againstit..One-thirdofthecountryiscoveredwithgrassand(大多數(shù))thecitizensliveintents..IncollegeI(主修)NaturalScience.Whatwasyourmajor?“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!,,herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.(pl6L12)complainvi.&vt.抱怨;發(fā)牢騷complaintosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事complain(tosb.)that+句子(向某人)抱怨complaintn.抱怨makeacomplainttosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事Shecomplainedtomeabouthisrudebehaviour.她向我抱怨他的粗魯行為。MrsJonescomplainedtothedoctorthatherbackalwayshurtsher.瓊斯太太向醫(yī)生訴說她總是背痛。單句語法填空/完成句子Lotsofpeoplehavecomplainedthenoise.Iftheservicewassobadwhydidn'tyoucomplainthemanager?Pvemadea(complain)tothepoliceaboutthenoise.She(向我抱怨說)noonecouldtellherthefeatureofthehouse.Sheresponded,"Tdratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!?,(pl6L15)respond近.回答;回復(fù)行.做出反應(yīng);回應(yīng)respondtosb/sth回答,回復(fù);對(duì)做出反應(yīng)Theteacherrespondedyestothequestionthatstudentputforward.老師對(duì)那個(gè)學(xué)生提出的問題作了肯定的回答。Thepolicerespondtoemergenciesinjustafewminutes.緊急事件發(fā)生時(shí),警察在短短幾分鐘內(nèi)就會(huì)作出反應(yīng)。詞語積累:responsen.反應(yīng);回答;回復(fù)inresponseto作為對(duì)的答復(fù)/反應(yīng)makearesponse(to...)(對(duì))做出回應(yīng)/反應(yīng)單句語法填空/完成句子Afterall,knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklyemergencies.Hemadeno(respond)tomyquestion,andwentonwithhismovie.DrLin,however,rejectedtheoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildrenathome.(pl6L24)reject以拒絕接受;不錄用rejectionn.拒絕接受;否決Hewantedtojointhearmybutwasrejectedbecauseofhispoorhealth.他想?yún)④?,但因身體欠佳未被錄用。Theprimeminister(首相)rejectedthesuggestionthatpeopleshouldspendmoremoneyonthedevelopmentofeconomy.首相拒絕接受人們應(yīng)該花更多錢在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的這條建議。單句語法填空/完成句子/辨析填空(reject/refiise)□He(reject)fromthefactorybecauseoflaziness.□Althoughwritinga(reject)lettercanbedifficult,therearesituationswhereit'sabsolutelynecessary.□Iabsolutely(refuse/reject)totakepartinanythingthafsillegal.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(pl7L3)6.tend證照顧;照料應(yīng)?傾向;趨于tend(to)sb./sth.照料/護(hù)理某人;照管某物tendtodosth.易于做某事,往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事Shetendedherhusbandcarefullyduringhisillness.她丈夫生病期間,她無微不至地照顧他。Peopletendtogetfatwhentheygrowolder.人們年紀(jì)大時(shí)往往會(huì)發(fā)胖。單句語法填空/完成句子□Typically,peopletend(make)mistakeswhentired.□Ihaveatendency(talk)toomuchwhennervous.□People(往往需要)lesssleepastheygetolder.□Thedoctorsandnursesinthishospital(照顧病人)patiently.DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.(pl7Lll)retirevi.&vt.退休;退職;(因傷)退出(比賽等)retirefrom…從退休retireas…從職位上退休retirefromoffice/service退職/退役Sinceretiringfromthecompany,shehasdonevoluntaryworkforacharity.從公司退休后,她就一直在為一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)做志愿工作。Hewantstoretireasthegreatestbasketballplayerwhoeverlived.他想有一天退休,成為有史以來最偉大的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。詞語積累:retiredadj.退休的,退職的aretiredteacher一位退休教師retirementn.退休,退職takeearlyretirement提前退休單句語法填空/完成句子□Hehasagreedtostruggleon,thoughhehopestoretirehisposition.□Theywillholdapartyincelebrationofher(retire).□Theotherdaya(retire)couplecametomyoffice.WhatisthemainprincipleguidingDr.Linthroughthechoicesinherlife?(pl7Act.3QI)principle〃?道德原則;法則;原則inprinciple原則上;大體上sticktotheprinciples堅(jiān)持原則□Inprinciple,weusuallydon!tallowanydiscount.原則上,我們一般是不給折扣的。Shewassoscaredduringtheinterviewthatshecompletelyforgothowsheshouldrespondtothequestions.(pl7Act.4Q2)scared時(shí).害怕的;對(duì)??????感到驚慌或恐懼的bescaredof(doing)sth.害怕(做)某物bescaredtodosth.害怕去做某事bescaredthat…害怕He'sscaredofspiders.他害怕蜘蛛。Pmscaredoftellingherwhatreallyhappened.我害怕告訴她事情的真相。Pmscaredtogooutatnightalone.我害怕晚上一個(gè)人單獨(dú)出去。詞語積累:(l)scarevt.驚嚇;使害怕vi.受驚嚇n.驚嚇scaresb.todeath把某人嚇得要死(2)scaryadj.恐怖的,嚇人的ascarymovie恐怖電影□Whenwearegettingexcited,angryor(scare),ourbodiesalsogothroughmanyphysicalchanges.□Theatmospherewasandwefeltstayingintheroom,(scare)ManyAmericanscomplainedaboutthesharpincreaseinthecostofhealthcareandhealthinsurancerecently,(pl7Act.4Q3)sharp4的.(增長、下跌等)急劇的;鋒利的;明顯的asharpdropintheprices價(jià)格asharpknife——把刀asharpcontrast對(duì)比sharpeyes視力詞語積累:sharplyadv.急劇地,大幅度地;嚴(yán)厲地,毫不客氣地(2)sharpenvt(使)變得鋒利Oneoftheadvantagesofhiringenergeticandpositiveyoungpeopleisthattheytendtoshowinterestintheirworkandtheyareeagertolearn,(pl7Act.4Q4)11.energetic。力?.精力充沛的;充滿活力的詞語積累:energyn.活力,精力;能源befullofenergy精力充沛havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事Youarealways(精力充沛的).Canyoutellmethesecret?ThestudentunionwillholdaspecialmeetinginJanuarytoretiresomeonetoreplacethesecretary.(p17Act.4Q5)12.replace”接替;取代;更換replaceAwith/byB用B代替A□Thefactoryreplacedmostofitsworkerswithrobots.這家工廠用機(jī)器人取代了大多數(shù)工人。單句語法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換□Hereplacedthepuddingmashedpotatoes.□Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshould(replace)withamodemhotelornot.Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike,soIdecidetoreplaceitwithanewone.—Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike,soIdecidetouseanewoneit.Hearingthathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,MrJohnsonhurriedtothehospital.(pl8Act.2QI)13.accidentn.事故;車禍;失事高頻詞塊acar/roadaccident車禍/交通事故byaccident偶然地;意外地Ideletedthefilebyaccident.(口頭翻譯)Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomfbroveranhourworryingabouthim.(pl8Act.2Q2)operationn.手術(shù);企業(yè);經(jīng)營常用詞塊:do/perfonnanoperation(onsb.)(給某人)做手術(shù)inoperation工作中;有效ooperation實(shí)施詞語積累:operatevi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);動(dòng)手術(shù)vt.操作operatorn.操作員,經(jīng)營者單句語法填空□Thenursetendedtheboysocarefullythatherecoveredfromhisheart(operate)soon.□Thenewruleswillbeoperationsoon.Toourgreatjoy9thenewmachineisreallyeasy(operate).
AfterDr.Bethune'sdeath,ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,inwhichhepraisedDrBethuneasaherotorememberedinChina.(pl8Act.3L16)15.memory記憶力;回憶高頻詞塊inmemoryof作為對(duì)的紀(jì)念haveagood/badmemory(for)記憶力好/差Hefoundedthecharityinmemoryofhislatewife.他興辦那個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)以紀(jì)念他已故的妻子。Hehasabadmemoryfordates.他對(duì)日期的記憶力很差。單句語法填空/完成句子Shehasexcellentmemoryfornames,whichhelpsheralotinhercommercialwork.HuangJiajumadeupasongGloriousYearsmemoryofNelsonMandela.Thelibraiywasbuilt(為了Z己念)thosewhocarriedourcountrythroughthehardship.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.(p20L12)tearn.眼淚;淚水v.撕掉/te^r/高頻詞塊earsofregret/happiness/joy/laughter惋惜/高興/喜悅/歡笑的淚水burstintotears突然哭了起來intears=流著淚;含著淚Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?(p20L16)harmn.&vt.傷害;損害高頻詞塊:beofgreatharm危害極大的doharmtosb./sth.(=dosb./sth.harm)對(duì)某人/某物有害Thereisnoharmin(one's)doingsth.=Thereisnoharm(fbrsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事無妨/無害詞語積累:harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto...對(duì)有害/harmlessadj.無害的beharmlessto...對(duì)...無害Trytochooseproductsthatdotheleastharmtheenvironment.Stayinguptoooftenwillbegreathanntopeople'shealth.Thereisnoharmeatingmorefish,whichisbeneficialtoourhealth.Mostchildrenarefondofsweetsbuttheymaybe(harm)totheirteeth.Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.(p20L22)18.agreatdeal(of)大量修飾不可數(shù)名詞后接可數(shù)名詞:后接不可數(shù)名詞:后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù):.四、重點(diǎn)短語hearofhearofbeeagertodosth.allthetimepayattentiontodisagreewith8.要求得到beconfusedabouthearofbeeagertodosth.allthetimepayattentiontodisagreewith8.要求得到hearofbeeagertodosth.allthetimepayattentiontodisagreewith8.要求得到beconfusedabout.總是,一直.注意,專注于.不贊同.對(duì)困惑、疑惑7,對(duì).……確信、肯定
besureabout□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□過去;曾經(jīng)□□□□□□□□□□disguiseoneselfcrashintopickoneselfupafterawhilecomealongtripoverlimpawayinplainaboutmakeanattempttodoindespairfeelresponsibilitytodokeepsb./sth.fromharmjustthensaytooneselfbeadangertosb.afterdarkoutofthewaywithallone*smightagreatdealofsucceedindoingstepoutbelongtosb.五、短語填空askforaskforcar
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