高中英語外研版Module5Cloning module5sectionⅲ

SectionⅢIntegratingSkills根據所給詞性和漢語提示寫出下列單詞1．adj. 完全相同的，同一的2．adj. 有益的，有用的3．v. 治愈4．adj. 假想的，虛構的5．adj. 難以置信的6．n. 撫育，養(yǎng)育7．adj. 透明的8．adj. 扭曲的，彎曲的9．adj. 基本的，不可或缺的，重要的10．n. 程序11．adj. 有爭議的12．adj. 有確實根據的，有效的13．adj. 可選擇的14．adj. 特別的，非凡的，卓越的15．adj. 互相矛盾的，相反的，對應的16．n. 道德上的優(yōu)點，善行17．adj. 易適應的18．adj. 強制的，強迫的19．n. 法規(guī)，條例20．adj. 方便的，便利的21．v. 抵抗22．v. 分析23．n. 嫌疑人24．v. 吐出(唾液)25．v. 陪伴，陪同26．v. 吸收27．n. 樣本28．v. (問題、困難等)發(fā)生，出現29．n. 暴力【答案】4．imaginary11．controversial18．compulsory根據提示補全下列短語1．mistake 錯誤地2．as 如下3．beidentical 與……一致，和……一樣4．rely 依靠，依賴5．treat... 把……當成……對待6．knock 摧毀7．asasweknow 據我們所知8．break 分解9．bring...backlife 使……復活【答案】6．out根據提示補全下列教材原句1．AnItaliandoctorwantstooffercloningasanoptionaltreatmentforcoupleswhochildren.一位意大利醫(yī)生想把克隆作為不孕夫婦的一種選擇性治療方案。2．somevoluntarycodeofpracticeamongscientistshastobeagreed.很明顯，科學家們的一些非官方的行醫(yī)法規(guī)必須被獲準。3．byHammond'stwograndchildren,theyaresentonatourthroughJurassicParkincomputer-controlledcars.在哈蒙德的兩個孫子的陪伴下，他們被送到電腦控制的轎車中進行環(huán)繞侏羅紀公園的旅行。4．Butatropicalstormhitstheisland,thepowersupply，andanemployeedestroysthesecuritysystemsothathecanstealdinosaurembryosandsellthem.但是一場熱帶風暴襲擊了該島嶼，摧毀了電力供應，一個雇員破壞了安全系統(tǒng)，因此他能偷出恐龍胚胎并賣掉它們。5．BraveNewWorldisstillsofamousitdescribesaterrifyingfutureworldthatisbecomingmoreandmorepossible.《勇敢新世界》這本書現在仍然很出名，原因是它向我們展現了一個可怕的未來世界，并且這個世界越來越可能成為現實?！敬鸢浮縤tdifficulttohaveisclearisthatoutreasonwhy；isthat閱讀P64～65教材原文，從四個選項中選擇最佳答案Stemcellscanbeusedto．A．developintoenzymesB．solvecrimesC．createprizewinninganimalsD．helppeoplerecoverfromdiseases【答案】D閱讀P67教材原文，從四個選項中選擇最佳答案1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Dinosaursdiedoutaftermosquitoesbegantoexist.B．JurassicC．Therearestillproperconditionsfordinosaurstoexisttoday.D．Cloningdinosaursispossible.2．Fromthewholetextwecanconcludethat．A．mosquitoespreservedsinceprehistorictimecanbeusedtocreatelivingdinosaursB．wecanclonedinosaurssuccessfullyC．asuitableenvironmentwheredinosaursmightsurviveprobablydoesn'texisttodayD．femalemosquitoescannotabsorbDNA3．Thewriterofthenoveltakesattitudetosuchastorydescribedinthenovel.A．doubtful B．supportiveC．cold D．objective【答案】1—3BCA閱讀P69教材原文，從四個選項中選擇最佳答案1．InBraveNewWorld,whichofthefollowingtypesofclonesareleadersofsociety?A．Betas. B．Epsilons.C．Alphas. D．AlphasandBetas.2．ItseemsthatpeopleinBraveNewWorld．A．lovetheirnationverymuchB．hatetheirnationverymuchC．don'thaveanyfeelingsD．aresatisfiedwiththeirownpositions3．Howdoesthegovernmentcontrolthesociety?A．Byteachingthemwhattolikeordislikeandgivingthemdrugstomakethemhappy.B．Bydividingthewholesocietyintofiveclasses.C．Bygivingequalrightstothefivetypesofpeople.D．Bystrongandcruelmethods.【答案】1－3CDAidenticaladj.完全相同的，同樣的(教材P61)InwhatwayareSheepAandSheepBidentical?A羊在哪方面與B羊一樣？(1)beidenticalwith/to 和……一樣，與……一致beidenticalin 在……方面一樣/一致(2)identityn. 同一性，一致；身份(3)identifyv. 識別，認同，把……和……看成一樣①Thispictureisidenticaltoonemymotherhas.這張照片和我母親的那張一模一樣。②Thetwowordsareidenticalinmeaning.這兩個字的字義完全一樣。beneficialadj.有益的，有用的(教材P61)Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans?Giveatleastonereason.你認為克隆技術會對人類有益/有幫助嗎？給出至少一個原因。bebeneficialtosb./sth.＝beofbenefittosb./sth. 對……有益的(to為介詞)benefitfrom/by 從……受益forthebenefitof 為了……的利益①Let'sgooutforawalk,forfreshairisbeneficialtoyourhealth.咱們出去走走吧，因為新鮮空氣有益于你的健康。②Ibenefitedalotfromreading.閱讀使我受益匪淺。③Thesituationintheworldtodayisofbenefittothepeople.當今世界形勢對人們非常有利。curev．治愈，治療n．治愈，療法；藥(劑)(教材P61)Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.我們可以使用克隆(技術)來治療疾病。(1)curesb.(ofsth.) 治愈某人(的病等)；糾正/消除(弊病等)(2)acurefor... ……的一種治療法(3)curableadj. 可治愈的(4)beyondcure 不可救藥①Thedoctorhascuredmanypeopleofsuchdisease.那位醫(yī)生已經治愈了許多患這種病的人。②Theyclaimedtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.他們聲稱已經發(fā)現了治療此病的一種藥物。[明辨異同]cure/treatcure作為動詞，多用于疾病方面，強調結果，意為“治好”，是及物動詞，其主語可以是醫(yī)生，也可以是某種藥。表示“治好某人的某種疾病”，要用curesth.來表示。treat強調治療的動作，不涉及結果，用于treatsth.結構中。cure/treat③WhenIlefthospitalIwascompletely．④Afamousdoctorisherforherillness.【答案】③cured④treatingresistv．抵抗，反抗，抗拒(其后常跟名詞、代詞、v.-ing形式作賓語，而不跟不定式)(教材P65)．..forexample,aprizecowwhichcanresistbacteriaordisease,ortosowaclonedcropwhichcanresistrotorpests.……比如：(克隆)能夠抵御細菌或疾病的優(yōu)選奶牛，種植能夠抵抗枯病或蟲害的克隆作物。(1)resist＋n./pron./doing 抵抗；反對；忍住做can't/couldn'tresistdoingsth. 禁不住做某事resistthetemptation 抵擋住誘惑(2)resistancen. 反抗，抵制，抵抗力(3)resistant(to)adj. 抵抗的；耐……的①Icanneverresistanicecream.我一見到冰淇淋就忍不住想吃。②Icouldn'tresisttelling(tell)himthesecret.我忍不住要把秘密告訴他。③Therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisnewlaw.反對這項新法律的人很多。④Ahealthydietcreatesabodyresistant(resist)todisease.健康飲食有助于增強身體對疾病的抵抗力。relyon依靠，依賴；信賴(教材P65)Buttorelyonafewclonedanimalsorcropswouldrestrictthebiodiversityofthebreed.但是，僅僅依賴少數幾種克隆動植物會限制生物品種的多樣性。relyon/upon＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(n./pron.,n./sth.,todo,it＋that-clause))①Wemustrelyonourowneffortstogetoutofthetrouble.我們必須依靠自己的努力來擺脫困境。②Youmayrelyonitthathewilldoagoodjobofit.你放心好了，他會做好這件事的。③Theyrelyontheriverfortheirwater.他們的用水依賴于那條河。suspectn．嫌疑人v.懷疑(教材P65)Finally,thelatestresearchintoDNAhashelpedsolvecrimesbyanalysingthesuspect'ssalivawhichtheyspitatacrimesceneorthedirtundertheirfingernails.最后，在DNA的最新研究中，通過分析嫌疑犯在犯罪現場留下的唾液或手指甲下的污洉已幫助查明了許多犯罪行為。(1)suspectthat... 懷疑……suspect(be) 懷疑某人是……suspect(doing)sth. 懷疑某人(做過)某事(2)suspectadj. 可疑的；不可信的①Isuspectedhimtobe(be)aliar.我懷疑他是一個說謊者。②Thepolicesuspecthimoftakingpartinthejewelrobbery.警察懷疑他參與了珠寶盜竊案。accompanyv.陪伴，陪同；伴隨……發(fā)生；補充；給……伴奏(教材P67)AccompaniedbyHammond'stwograndchildren,theyaresentonatourthroughJurassicParkincomputer-controlledcars.在哈蒙德的兩個孫子的陪伴下，他們被送到電腦控制的轎車中進行環(huán)繞侏羅紀公園的旅行。accompany... 陪某人去某地(to為介詞)beaccompaniedby 附有，伴隨accompanyatthe＋樂器 用樂器為某人伴奏insb.'scompany＝inthecompanyofsb.＝incompanywithsb. 和某人在一起①Lightningisusuallyaccompaniedbythunder.雷聲常常伴隨著閃電而來。②Thesingerwasaccompanied(accompany)onthepianobyhereldersister.那位女歌手的姐姐為她用鋼琴伴奏。③Sheaskedmetoaccompanyhertotheairport.她要求我陪她到機場去。absorbv．吸收；吸引……的注意；吞并；理解(教材P67)Infact,onlyfemalescanabsorbtheDNAofanothercreature.實際上，只有雌蚊子才能吸收另一種生物的DNA。(1)absorbone'sattention 吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbedadj. 全神貫注的，一心一意的beabsorbedin 全神貫注于，專心于(3)absorbingadj. 十分吸引人的①VitaminDisslowlyabsorbedbythebody.維生素D緩慢地被人體吸收。②Hepretendstobeabsorbedinlistening.他假裝在專心聽講。[圖形助記]吸收全神貫注arisev．(問題、困難等)發(fā)生，出現(常和from或outof連用)(教材P67)Manyquestionsalsoariseinthecloningofdinosaurs.在克隆恐龍的過程中也產生了許多問題。①Theproblemmaynotarise,butthere'snoharminkeepingourpowderdry.問題不一定會發(fā)生，但有備無患并無害處。②Inmodernsociety,thereareanincreasingnumberofproblemsarisingfromthelackofcommunication.在現代社會出現了越來越多由于缺乏交流而產生的問題。[明辨異同]arise/rise/raise/arouse原形過去式過去分詞詞性詞義arisearosearisenvi.產生，出現riseroserisenvi.上升，起床raiseraisedraisedvt.提高，舉起arousearousedarousedvt.喚起，激起arise/rise/raise/arouseWhenthewind，peoplewerewatchingthemthenationalflag;itwasslowlyinthewind,whichtheirfeelingoflovingtheirmotherland.【答案】arose；raising；rising；arousedⅠ.語境填詞1．LilyistoLucy，soit'sdifficultformethem.(identify)2．Thefilmswouldbeseenastotheyoungbutwithoutmuchtoteenagers.(benefit)3．Theytookattitudestowardstheeducationofteenagersandtheiroftencausedthemagainsteachother.(contradict)4．Ithinkthatthecrophastothedisease，becauseitthediseaselastyear.(resist)【答案】；toidentify；benefit；contradictions；tocontradict；resistedⅡ.選詞填空【導學號：38300036】bymistake，asfollows，(be)identicalto，relyon，treat...as...，asfarasweknow，breakdown1．Wemustourowneffortstogetoutofthetrouble.2．Yourlookyourdadwhenhewasyourage.3．Itookyourbaginsteadofmine．4．，he'llbeawayfor3months.5．Aftermanyyears,rockscanintodirt.【答案】onidenticaltomistake4．Asfarasweknowdown(教材P67)ThereasonwhyBraveNewWorldisstillsofamousisthatitdescribesaterrifyingfutureworldthatisbecomingmoreandmorepossible.《勇敢新世界》這本書現在仍然很出名，原因是它向我們展現了一個可怕的未來世界，并且這個世界越來越可能成為現實。【要點提煉】本句屬于“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”句型，其中whyBraveNewWorldisstillsofamous是定語從句，why可用forwhich替換；第一個that引導表語從句，僅起連接作用，第二個that引導定語從句，先行詞為aterrifyingfutureworld。(1)thereason作主語時，表語從句不能用because引導，而只能用that引導，且that不能省略。(2)先行詞為reason時，若定語從句的主干成分完整，定語從句通常由why(＝forwhich)引導；若定語從句缺少主語或賓語，則定語從句用關系代詞that或which引導。①Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.他缺席會議的原因是他遇到交通阻塞了。②Isthisthereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?這就是他在會議上解釋的工作中粗心的原因嗎？單句改錯Thisisthereasonwhyhesaidforhiscominglate.【答案】去掉why或why→that/which學業(yè)分層測評(十四)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Shehastakenalotofdifferentmedicines,butnonehas(cure)thedisease.2．Thepolicehavenownarroweddowntheirlistof(suspect)．3．Herdressisalmost(identify)tomine.4．(accompany)byhermother，shewenttohospitalformedicalexamination.5．By(analyse)thepartsofthesentence,welearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.6．Thesituationintheworldtodayisvery(benefit)todevelopingcountries.7．Weoftenmeetwithadifficulty(arise)outofthepeculiarnaturalconditions.8．Thereasonhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.9．Thereisaladyatmyschooljobistohandoutcall-slips(索書單)andpreventstudentsfromleavingcampuswithoutpermission.10．struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.【答案】Ⅱ.完成句子1．他的帽子同我的一模一樣。Hishatmine.2．我喜歡吃甜食，見到巧克力和冰淇淋就想吃。Ihaveasweettoothandchocolateandicecream.3．你可以信賴我對你的幫助。Youmayyou.4．你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的？Whatmadeyouhavingtakenthemoney?5．那就是他提出問題的原因。Thatisheraisedthequestion.【答案】identicalto'tresisteating3．relyonmetohelpherofreasonwhyⅢ.閱讀理解AI'msuremanyofyouhaveseenStarWars，JurassicPark，Multiplicity,ormanyoftheothermoviesthatdescribeofwhatyouseeinthesemoviesisyoudon'tknowisthatcloningcouldbedangerous，tothecloneandtooursocietyasa'simmoraltohaveahumanclone.Whataboutidentity?Humansarepromisedtherighttotheirownwouldhappenifweignorethoserightsbygivingthemsomeoneelse'sgeneticidentity?True,personalityisnotfixedingeneticfaultofthecloned.Also,thereisalargepowerstrugglemeansadegreeofpowerandcontroloveranotherperson'sphysicalidentityandthatignorestheirrightsandtheironlypersondoingthecloningwouldhavemorepowerthananyparentwouldhave.Cloningwouldalsodealwithkillingembryons(胚胎)．Youmightnothaveknown,butDolly,thesheepthatwasclonedin1996,wasoneofover200sheepembryosandherswastheonlyembryothatrestdiedorwerethrownifthefailureratewasthathighwhenwestartedtoclonethan200embryos,thestartof200humanbeings,woulddieforthesakeofjustoneembryothatwouldhavethesameDNAassomeoneelse.Cloningsomeone,atthispresenttime,wouldbeextremelydangeroustothebirthmotherandthestudiesdoneoncows，4outof12birthmothersisaveryhighfailurerate,whichisshowedinthecloningofifyouhadafewgoodembryos,failureshavebeennoticeableinanimaltests.So,shouldweworkaheadintheworldofcloning?Isayrisksaregreaterthanthe'sdangeroustothecloneandtothebirthwouldbekillinghumanlivesinthewouldalsobeaviolation(侵害)oftheclone'srighttoitsowngeneticidentityandpersonality.1．Accordingtothearticle,whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutidentity?A．Cloningitselfgivesparentsgreatpoweroveridentity.B．People'sidentityiscompletelydeterminedbytheirgenes.C．Governmentshavetherightstoconfirmpeople'sidentities.D．Cloningmaypreventpeoplefrompossessingtheiridentity.【解析】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段中的“Humansarepromisedtherighttotheirownpersonality.”以及后面的內容判斷。【答案】D2．FromParagraph4wecaninferthat．A．humancloningismuchmoredifficultthananimalcloningB．Dollyisthemostsuccessfuloneamong200sheepembryosC．cloningmeansrunningtheriskofwastingtoomucheffortD．numbersofbabyanimalsarelikelytobecreatedbycloning【解析】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段中的“Therestdiedorwerethrownaway.”可知?！敬鸢浮緾3．Whydoestheauthormentionsomemoviesinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.B．Topresenthisideaaboutthemovies.C．Tostatetheconclusionfirst.D．Tomakethearticleunusual.【解析】推理判斷題。作者在文章的開頭提到幾部電影，目的是為了引出“克隆”這個話題?！敬鸢浮緼4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardcloning?A．Heisinfavorofit.B．Heisagainstit.C．Hetakesitforgranted.D．Thepassagedoesn'tsay.【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段中的“So，shouldweworkaheadintheworldofcloning？Isayno.”可知，作者持反對態(tài)度?！敬鸢浮緽B【導學號：38300052】WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedinNorthAmerica,theybroughtEuropeandiseaseswith,hugenumbersofNativeAmericansbegandyingfromsmallpox(天花)-hundredyear-olddocumentsrecordthistale,butnowscientistssaythey'vefoundotherevidenceburieddeepinsidehumancells.Inanewstudy，BrendanO'FallonandLarsFehren-SchmitzreportevidencefoundingenesthattheNativeAmericanpopulationdroppedbyhalfafterthearrivalof'FallonstudiesgenesatARUPLaboratoriesinSaltLakeCity,whileFehrenSchmitzisascientistwhostudieshumankind,attheUniversityofGottingeninGermany.Cellsmakeupeverypartoftheinsidealmosteverycellisalong，coiledmolecule(盤繞顆粒)calledarepartsofDNAthatplayimportantrolesindeterminingone'shelpdetermineaperson'sappearance,suchasskincolorandheight,andalsoplayaroleinmanythingsyoucan'tsee,likethechanceofgettingadisease.Geneschangeovertime,andbyfollowingthesechangesscientistscanlearnaboutaperson's'FallonandFehren-Schmitzlookedatgenesinthemitochondriaofcells.(Mitochondriaarelikefactoriesthathelpcellsuseenergyfromfood.)ThescientistscomparedDNAfromtheremainsofancientNativeAmericanswithDNAfromlivingpeopledescended(遺傳)fromNativeAmericans.Thescientistsstudiedpatternsinthegenesfromthetwogroupsandidentifiedwaysthatthepatternschangedoverstatistics,whichincludesusefulmathematicaltoolsforanalyzinglargeamountsofdata,theresearcherswereabletojudgethesizeoftheNativeAmericanpopulationbeforeandaftertheEuropeans'comparisonshowedthenumberofnativepeoplereducedsharplyafterEuropeansettlerslandedintheNewWorld.Earliergeneticstudiesdidn'thaveevidenceoftheNativeAmericandie-involvedinthenewstudysaythatthere'snowmoredatafromancientremains,soresearcherscangetabetterideaofwhathappened.【語篇解讀】基因承載了人類遺傳密碼，是隨時間的推移而不斷變化的。通過對基因的分析和研究，人們可以解開很多秘密。5．WhenEuropeansettlersarrived,theybroughttoNorthAmerica.A．smallpoxdisease B．olddocumentsC．otherevidence D．anewstudy【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedin...dyingfromsmallpox(天花)infection”可知歐洲殖民者進入美洲時，也帶去了傳染病，所以A項正確?！敬鸢浮緼6．GeneshelpdeterminemanythingsofapersonEXCEPT．A．aperson'sappearanceB．aperson'sskincolorC．aperson'sheightD．aperson'ssuccess【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Geneshelpdetermineaperson's...chanceofgettingadisease.”一句，可知基因可決定一個人的外表、膚色、身高，或得某種疾病的可能，而不是一個人的成功。所以D項正確?！敬鸢浮緿7．Thescientistsgottheresultofthestudyby．A．followinggenes'changeovertimeB．studyinggenesofancientpeopleC．analyzinglargeamountsofdataD．findingoutgenesinthecells【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段“Usingstatistics，whichincludes...Europeans'arrival”可知通過分析對比數據，得出歐洲人到美洲前后美洲居民的數量，從而得出最后的結論。所以C項正確。【答案】C8．WhatcanbetheBESTtitleofthispassage?A．Scientistswo