動詞和動詞短語的用法總結(jié)及練習(xí)專題

學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載專題九動詞的分類和動詞短語中考要求：1.熟練掌握動詞一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。.熟練掌握一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成和基本用法。.初步掌握延續(xù)性動詞和瞬間動詞在用法上的區(qū)別。.了解過去將來時、過去完成時的構(gòu)成和基本用法。.了解及物動詞和不及物動詞的用法。知識點一、動詞分類1、表動作狀態(tài)的詞叫做動詞,能單獨作謂語，根據(jù)其在句中的功能,動詞可分為四類:實義動詞(NotionalVerb)、系動詞(LinkVerb)、助動詞(AuxiliaryVerb)、情態(tài)動詞(ModalVerb),有些動詞是兼類詞1)Wearehavingameeting.2)HehasgonetoNewYork.2、根據(jù)是否帶有賓語，可分為兩類：及物動詞(TransitiveVerb、不及物動詞(IntransitiveVerb)同一動詞有時可用作及物動詞,有時可用作不及物動詞1)Shecandanceandsing.2)ShecansingmanyEnglishsongs.3、根據(jù)是否受主語人稱和數(shù)的限制，分兩類：限定動詞(FiniteVerb)、非限定動詞(Non-finiteVerb)英語中共有三種非限定動詞：動詞不定式(Infinitive)、動名詞(Gerund)、分詞(Participle)1)Shesingsverywell.2)ShewantstolearnEnglishwell.4、根據(jù)動詞的組成形式，可分為三類:單字詞(One-WordVerb、短語動詞(PhrasalVerb)、動詞短語(VerbalPhrase)1)TheEnglishlanguagecontainsmanyphrasalverbsandverbalphrases.2)Studentsshouldlearntolookupnewwordsindictionaries.5、動詞有五種形態(tài)：原形(OriginalForm)、第三人稱單數(shù)形式(SingularFrominThirdPersonal)、過去式(PastForm)、過去分詞(PastParticiple)、現(xiàn)在分詞(PresentParticiple)知識點二、助動詞1、協(xié)助主動詞構(gòu)成謂語動詞組的詞叫助動詞(AuxiliaryVerb)被協(xié)助動詞稱主動詞(MainVerb),助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用，助動詞協(xié)助主要動詞完成以下功用：1)表示時態(tài)Hehasgotmarried.2)表示語態(tài)HewassenttoEngland.3)構(gòu)成疑問句DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?4)與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句Idon'tlikehim.5)加強語氣Docometothepartytomorrowevening.2、助動詞be的用法

學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載1、bev-ing,構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時態(tài)Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.2、bev-ed,構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)Englishistaughtthroughouttheworld.3、betodo,可表示下列內(nèi)容1）表示最近、未來的計劃或安排HeistogotoNewYorknextweek..2）表示命Heistocometotheofficethisafternoon.3）征求意見HowamItoanswerhim?4）表示相約、商定Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatseventomorrowmorning.3、助動詞have的用法1、havev-ed,構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)Bytheendoflastmonth,theyhadfinishedhalfoftheirwork.2、havebeenv-ed，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.3、have+been+過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動語態(tài)EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.4、助動詞do的用法1、構(gòu)成一般疑問句DoyouwanttopasstheCET?2、do+not構(gòu)成否定句Inthepast,manystudentsdidnotknowtheimportanceofEnglish.3、構(gòu)成否定祈使句Don'tbesoabsent-minded.4、放在動詞原形前，加強該動詞的語氣Docometomybirthdayparty.5、用于倒裝句OnlywhenwebeginourcollegelifedowerealizetheimportanceofEnglish.知識點三、連系動詞連系動詞（LinkVerb）,本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。注：有些系動詞又是實義動詞，該動詞表達(dá)實義時，有詞義，可單獨作謂語1）Hefellillyesterday.2）Hefellofftheladder.1、表狀態(tài)系動詞（用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞）Heisateacher.2、表持續(xù)性系動詞（用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,continue）1）Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.2）Thismatterrestsamystery.3、表感官系動詞（感官系動詞主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look）1）Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.

學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載2)Thisflowersmellsverysweet.4、表變化系動詞(這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動詞主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run)1)Hebecamemadafterthat.2)Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.5、表像系動詞(用來表示看起來像有seem,appear,look)1)Helookstired.2)Heseems(tobe)verysad.6、終止系動詞(表示主語已終止動作有prove,trunout)1)Thesearchproveddifficult.2)Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.7、系動詞的使用應(yīng)注意事項1)有些動詞既可以作系動詞，又可作實意動詞的用法。遇到這種情況時，只能先根據(jù)其意思判斷清楚到底是前者還是后者，然后再對后面的詞性和詞義作出判斷和選擇Thesoftdrinkingtastesquitesour.Thechefistastingthefishcarefully.2)這類詞不用進(jìn)行時3)系動詞無被動式知識點四、情態(tài)動詞的用法1、musthaveto1)表示義務(wù)。意為必須，must表示主觀意志;haveto表示客觀需要Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.Mybrotherwasill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.2)must無人稱和數(shù)的變化;haveto有人稱和數(shù)的變化haveto,hasto,hadto,havehadtomustn’t表示禁止；don,thaveto表不必Youdon,thavetotellhimaboutit.3)must表推測，意為想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定等，只用于肯定句She,swearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.4)must提問的回答方式---Mustwehandinourexercisebooksnow?---Yes,youmust/No,youneedrft/No,youdon,thaveto.2、cancouldbeableto1)表示能力，can只用于現(xiàn)在時和過去時(could);beableto用于各種時態(tài)Twoeyescanseemorethanone.Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?Theywillbeabletotellyouthenewssoon.2)理論上或是邏輯判斷上表示可能Thetemperaturecanfallto60℃,thatis60℃belowfreezing.

學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載Hecan,t(couldn't)haveenoughmoneyforanewcar.Youmustn'tsmokewhileyou,rewalkingaroundinthewood.Youcouldstartafire.3)表示允許，比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法Can(could)Ihavealookatyournewpen?Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereading-room.3、maymight1)might表允許，可以指過去時間，也可指現(xiàn)在時間，語氣更委婉Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom.May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?在回答以may引起的問句時，多避免用這個詞，而用其它方式，如Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedoiit./You,dbetternot./No,youmustn't.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣2)表事實上可能?？梢灾高^去時間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時間，但語氣更加不肯定Shemaynotknowaboutit.Theymightbehavingameeting,butI'mnotsure.4、willwould1)表意愿Ifyouwillreadthebook,I'lllendittoyou.Theywouldnotlethiminbecausehewaspoorlydressed.2)will表請求，用于疑問句;would表委婉地提出請求、建議或看法Willyouclosethewindow?It'sabitcold.Wouldyoumindcleaningthewindow?3)will表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動作;would表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向Fishwilldieoutofwater.Everytimeshewasintrouble,shewouldgotohimforhelp.5、should和oughtto1)should表義務(wù)，某件事宜于做，用于各種人稱；oughtto表義務(wù)，因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做，口氣比should稍重Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.2)should表推測，意為想必一定、照說、估計；oughtto表推測，暗含很大的可能，語氣較弱Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.There'safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.6、情態(tài)動詞表示推測意義1)must,can,could,may,might皆可以表示推測，語氣由強到弱2)must,can,could,may,might不同時態(tài)的用法must,can,could,may,might接動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r推測，此時動詞常為系動詞must,can,could,may,might接現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)碚谶M(jìn)行的情況推測

學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載must,can,could,may,might接動詞完成時，表示對過去情況的推測must,can,could,may,might接現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，表對過去正在發(fā)生的事情的推測3）can,t意為不可能；而maynot意為可能不Dannycan,tbeathome.Isawhiminthelibraryjustnow.It,sseveno,clocknow.Michaelmaynotcomehere.五、動詞短語歸納1、動詞+介詞agreewith同意...的意見；符合learn...from…向…學(xué)習(xí)preferto…寧愿（選擇）;更喜歡baseon以...（為）根據(jù)liveon繼續(xù)存在；靠…生活quarrelwith（和某人）吵架listento聽…lookafter照顧，照看regard...as…把…當(dāng)作…；當(dāng)作getto到達(dá)…lookat看；觀看stop...fromdoing阻止...做...falloff（從…）掉下lookfor尋找talkabout說話；談話；談?wù)揾elp...with…幫助（某人）做（某事）looklike看起來像talkwith與...交談knockat/on敲（門、窗）payfor（sth.）付錢；支付thinkabout考慮laughat嘲笑pointat指示；指向thinkof認(rèn)為；想起2、動詞+副詞askfor請求；詢問getup起床setoff出發(fā)；動身；啟程carryon堅持下去；繼續(xù)下去giveup放棄sendup發(fā)射；把…往上送cutdown砍倒goon繼續(xù)shutdown把…關(guān)上cleanup清除；收拾干凈goout出去sitdown坐下comedown下來；落goover過一遍；仔細(xì)檢查slowdown減緩；減速comealong來；隨同growup長大；成長takeoff脫掉（衣服）comein進(jìn)來handin交上來takeout取出comeon來吧；跟著來；趕快holdon等一等；（電話時）不掛斷throwabout亂丟；拋撒comeout出來；（花）開；發(fā)（芽）hurryup趕快tripover（被…）絆倒comeover過來；順便來訪lookout留神；注意tryon試穿（衣服、鞋等）；試戴dropoff放下（某物）；下車lookover（仔細(xì)）檢查tryout試驗；嘗試eatup吃光；吃完lookup向上看；抬頭看turndown關(guān)?。徽{(diào)低fallbehind落在…后面；輸給別人passon傳遞；轉(zhuǎn)移到…turnon打開（電燈、收音機、等）falldown跌倒；從…落下pickup拾起；撿起turnoff關(guān)（電燈、收音機、煤氣等）findout查出（真相）putaway放好；把…收起來turnover（使）翻過來getback回來；取回puton穿上；戴上；（戲劇等）上演wakeup醒來getdown下來；落卜；把…取下來putdown把（某物）放下來wearout把…穿舊；磨壞getoff下來；從…下來putup掛卜起；舉起workout算出；制訂出geton上（車）runaway流失；逃跑；逃走writedown寫卜…3、be+形容詞+介詞bea孝ngrywith對（某人）發(fā)脾氣beableto能；會beamazedat對...感到驚訝beinterestedin對…感興趣beafraidof害怕beexcitedabout對...感到興奮

befilledwith用…充滿befullof充滿…的begoodat/dowellinbefilledwith用…充滿befullof充滿…的begoodat/dowellin在...做得好4、動詞+名詞/代詞begone\'spardon請原諒；對不起domorningexercises做早操doone\'shomework做作業(yè)enjoyoneself過得快樂；玩得愉快giveaconcert開音樂會goboating去劃船gofishing去釣魚gohiking去徒步旅行g(shù)oskating去滑冰goshopping（去）買東西haveacold（患）感冒5、動詞+名詞/代詞/副詞+介詞catchupwith趕上comeupwith找到；提出getonwellwith與...相處融洽givebirthto生（孩子）6、其他類型beawake醒著的doone,sbest盡最大努力學(xué)習(xí)必備_ _歡迎下載belatefor遲到bemadein在…生產(chǎn)或制造bemadeof由...組成；由...構(gòu)成haveacough（患）咳嗽haveaheadache（患）頭痛haveatry嘗試；努力havealook看一看havearest休息haveaseat/takeaseat就坐；坐下havesports進(jìn)行體育活動havesupper吃晚餐hearof聽說holdasportsmeeting舉行運動會makeadecision作出決定helponeselfto自取；隨便吃makeroomfor給…騰出地方playajokeon戲弄人；惡作劇speakhighlyof稱贊bepleasedwith對…感到滿意beproudof以…自豪（高興）beusedfor/to/as用于makeamistake犯錯誤makeanoise吵鬧makefaces做鬼臉makefriends交朋友makemoney賺錢takeone,splace代替某人的職務(wù)teachoneself/learnbyoneself自學(xué)takephotos照相taketime花費（時間）taketurns輪流watchTV看電視saygoodbyeto告別；告辭takeanactivepartin積極參加takecareof照顧；照料；注意goondoing（sth.）繼續(xù)做某事；盡力gostraightalong沿著…一直往前走keepdoingsth.一直做某事makeupone\'smind下決心beborn出生bebusydoing忙著做… cometrue實現(xiàn)fallasleep睡覺；入睡gohome回家getmarried結(jié)婚gettogether相聚hadbetter（do）最好（做 ）makesure確保；確認(rèn)；查明2014年九年級英語動詞、時態(tài)、語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)專項訓(xùn)練班級姓名得分、單項選擇：學(xué)習(xí)必備_ _歡迎下載1、WhenIherinthehall,shewasplayingthepiano.A.seeB.sawC.willseeD.amseeing2、I,llgowithyouassoonasImywork.A.willfinishB.finishedC.finishD.wouldfinish3、HewilldobetterinEnglishifheharder.A.illworkB.worksC.workingD.work4、Sincehecameherelastyear,wehappy.A.areB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.were5、Petertheworkinaweek.A.havefinishedB.finishesC.isfinishingD.willfinish6、openthewindow.A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Please7、Thesebooksinthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.hadkeptC.havebeenkeptD.werekept8、Manysheepeatinggrass.A.isB.are C.wasD.were9、Icomeheretonight?No,youneedn,t.A.MayB.CanC.MustD.Shall10、TheGreenfamilyLondonfornearlytwoyears.Theyallmisstheirhometownverymuch.A.leftB.willleaveC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom11、Hergrandparentsfortenyears.A.diedB.havediedC.weredeadD.havebeendead12、You,dbettertoseethedoctor.A.togoB.goC.went D.going13、Myfatherenjoystolightmusic.A.listensB.tolistenC.listening D.listened14、Whenyouthemuseum?A.wouldvisitB.didvisitC.havevisitD.hadvisited15、Hetoldthemonwiththework.A.togo B.going C.go D.went16.yougetupeverymorning?A.WhenB.WhendoC.DowhenD.WhenisIfittomorrow,we,llgototheGrateWall.A.isn,train B.won,train C.doesn,train D.willrain.NextweekthemanJapan.A.leaveB.willleavingCc.areleavingD.leaves.Hehimselfatthepartylastnight.A.enjoysBb.enjoyedCc.enjoyDd.enjoying.Wehaveagoodtimeyesterday.A.wasn,t Bb.didn,tC.doesn,tDd.don't.hegotherelastweek.A.DoesB.DidC.WillD.Is.Look,Aliceoutside.A.playsB.playC.isplayingD.playing.Theynow.A.don,twriting B.aren,twriting C.aren,twriteD.arewrote學(xué)習(xí)必備_ _歡迎下載.theyplayingtennisnow?A.DoB.IsC.DoesD.Are.Whatattenlastnight?A.wereyoudoing B.areyoudoingC.didyoudo D.doyoudo26.ItwhenIgotoffthebus.A.wassnowingB.snowsC.snowedD.snow27.youpleaseopenthewindows?A.ShallB.WillC.IsD.Do28.Iwonderifhecomethenextday.A.willB.wouldC.isgoingD.wasgoingIinBeijingsince1956.A.willliveB.liveC.lived D.havelived.HowlongyouEnglish?A.is,studyingB.have,studied C.do,study D.will,study.---HaveyoueverbeentotheSummerPalace?---Yes,wehave---Whenyouthere? ---Lastmonth.A.have,goneB.did,goC.will,goD.is,going32.HefromBeijingforthreeyears.A.hasbeenawayB.hasgoneC.hasleftD.hascome33.HowmanytimeshetheGreatWall?A.has,gonetoB.has,beenC.has,beeninD.has,beento34.Bysixo,clock,Imyhomeworkyesterday.A.havefinishedB.hadfinishedC.finishedD.finish二、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1、I,llgivethebooktohimassoonasheback(come).2、thebabycryingyet?(stop)3、Idon,tknowwhetherMothermetoBeijingnextmonth.(take)4、Sheonhercoatandwentout.(put)5.“Whataretheydoing?”“Theyreadyforthesportsmeeting.”(get)6、Theboyaskedhismother himgoandplaybasketball.(let)7、I,msorrytokeepyouforalongtime.(wait)8、It(take)himhalfanhour(finish)hishomeworkyesterday.9、Ifitaninterestingfilm,we,llseeittomorrow.(be)10、Theyusually(do)theirhomeworkaftersupper.11、Listen!Who(sing)inthenextroomnow?12、(be)yourparentsinShanghailastyear?13、Mr.Yu(teach)usmathssince1982.14、TheywillhaveatriptotheGreatWallifit(notrain)tomorrow.15、LiMingoften(listen)totheradiointhemorning.16、Tan：“Father,mayIgooutandplayfootball?”Father：“you(do)yourhomework?”17、Allthepeopleareglad(hear)aconcertthisSaturdayevening.18.Teachertoldusifit(notsnow)wewouldvisittheMuseumthenextday.19、Theyoften(play)footballintheafternoon.20、---WhafreyoudoingDad? 1(mend)theradio.學(xué)習(xí)必備_ _歡迎下載21、Let,s(carry)theboxestothehouse.22.Yesterdayshe_(want)toseethefilm,butshecouldn,t(get)aticket.23、I(write)toyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.24、Mike(visit)severalplacessincehecametoBeijing.25、He(write)fourletterstohiswifeeverymonth.26、Don,tmakeanynoise,Grandma(sleep).27、Hisaunt(do)somecookingwhenhecamein.28、Whenthey(reach)thestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.29、There(be)ameetingnextMonday.30、We(know)eachothersinceourboyhood.(少年時代)31、Sometimesmyfather(come)backhomelate.32、They(have)anEnglisheveningnextweek.33、I,mveryglad(hear)that.34、WeiFangisn,there.She(go)tothereading-room.35、Thestory(happen)longago.36、They(visit)theHistoryMuseumlastweek.37、ZhangHong(make)manyfriendssinceshecametoParis.38、She(go)tothecinemawithherclassmatestomorrowevening.39、Stayhere,bag.Don'tgoout.It(rain)now.40、LiPing(write)acompositioneveryweek.41、Thescientist(give)usatalkyesterday.42、Myparents(live)inBeijingsince1949.43、Look!Theyoungworker(show)thestudentsaroundthefactory.44、They(build)anewbridgeovertherivernextyear.45、Thestudents(clean)theirclassroomtomorrow.46、Myfatherisverybusy.Heoften(come)homelate.47、Ourteacher(join)thepartytwentyyearsago.48、Theboys(have)abasketballmatchnow.Let,s(go).49、She(work)inthisfactoryfortenyears.50.“Whatmakesyou(think)I,mafarmer?”theFrenchmanasked.51、It,snoteasy(catch)fishwithyourhandsonly.52、Haveyoufinished(read)thisbook?53、It(snow)hardnow.You,dbetter(stay)athome.54、Ittakeshimhalfanhour(go)toworkbybus.55、Hurryuporwe(be)lateforclass.56、LiPingusually(watch)TVaftersupper.57、Idon,tknowhow(answer)thisquestion.58、"you(hear)fromyourunclerecently?”59、“Yes,Ijust(get)aletterfromhim.”60、Whynot(go)thereonfoot?61、Idon,tthinkthatit(rain)tomorrow.62、Willyouplease(come)here