Unite9Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時-和現(xiàn)在完成進行時

現(xiàn)在完成進行時構(gòu)成

have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞2.用法（1）表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）IstudyforEngilshsince10yearsago.（2）表示從過去某時開始到現(xiàn)在這一段時間內(nèi)動作一再重復(fù)發(fā)生。ShehasbeenphoningJimeverynightforthepasttwoweeks.兩星期以來，她每天晚上都給吉姆打電話。Youhavebeentellingmenottobelatealltheway.一路上你反復(fù)告訴我不要遲到。（3）表示動作剛剛結(jié)束，該動作一般不再繼續(xù)，有時會指出結(jié)果。Ihavebeenplayingping-pongallthemorning,soI’msweating.整個上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我渾身是汗。I’vebeenpaintingthedoor,somyhandsareverydirty.我一直在給門刷油漆，所以我的手很臟。（4）表示某種感情色彩。Youhavebeendaydreamingbutnevermakeaneffort.你一直在做百日夢，但從不努力。Youhavebeendeceivingme.你一直在騙我?，F(xiàn)在完成時構(gòu)成

have/has+過去分詞2.用法

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)的是某個剛剛完成的動作，或某個過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。

Hethoughtitover.我已經(jīng)考慮過這件事了。（2）現(xiàn)在完成時一般不表示反復(fù)性。Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見過他嗎？（3）現(xiàn)在完成時一般表示平鋪直敘。Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我已經(jīng)等了你兩個小時。Payattention注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語A.表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過去時間

B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此類副詞時,常強調(diào)動作完成,不強調(diào)動作的持續(xù).(1).for+表示一段時間的短語(2).since+表示過去時間點的詞語(3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語從句eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.everalreadyIhavefinishedmyhomework______.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.yetforalongtimeforsincesince.2表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常與一些時間狀語,如:already,yet,ever,never,just,before,once,twice等連用，也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語，如thesedays,today,thisyear,sofar等連用。3.現(xiàn)在完成時還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用,如uptothesefewdays/weeks/months/years,just,uptopresent(now),sofar等:

Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.

Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.

現(xiàn)在完成時的"未完成用法"指的是動作開始于過去某一時刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。這里的動詞要用持續(xù)性動詞。常與for（+時間段）,since（+時間點）連用.Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Maryhasbeenillsincethreedaysago.

2.區(qū)分短暫性動詞與持續(xù)性動詞.表示短暫性(瞬間性)的動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時的句中不能和一段時間連用.即for,since短語或howlong問句Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Theplayhasbegunforanhour.Tomhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.Thedoghasdiedforamonth.Ie/arrivegooutleavebeginbuyborrowjoindiecatchacoldbebeoutbeaway(from)beonhavekeepbeamemberofbedeadhaveacold現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時構(gòu)成：have/has+過去分詞構(gòu)成：have/has+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)某個剛剛完成的動作，或某個過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性（2）現(xiàn)在完成時一般不表示反復(fù)性現(xiàn)在完成進行時可以表示動作的反復(fù)（3）現(xiàn)在完成時一般表示平鋪直敘現(xiàn)在完成進行時有時含有感情色彩(一)當句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。1.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-______you______yourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finish

B.Are;finishing

C.Did;finish

D.Have;finished2.-______you______anywherebefore?-Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereI______A.Did;surf;surfed

B.Have;surfed;surfedC.Did;surf;havesurfed

D.Have;surfed;havesurfed當句中有"for+段時間"或"since+點時間"等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞

1.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.A.after

B.before

C.since

D.for2.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.A.haslent

B.hasborrowed

C.hasbought

D.hashad3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.A.didn'treceive

B.haven'tgot

C.didn'thave

D.haven'theard考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/have/hasgone(to)的區(qū)別

1.-Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?-Yes,Ihave.A.wentto

B.goneto

C.beenin

D.beento2.Myparents______Shangdongfortenyears.A.havebeenin

B.havebeento

C.havegoneto

D.havebeen3.Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.A.lost

B.don'tlose

C.havelost

D.iscoming1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.

—Ithinkso.He_____foritformonths.(2008江蘇)A.ispreparing

B.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparing

D.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2008山東)

A.walks

B.walked

C.haswalked

D.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe___afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(2008福建)

A.saw

B.see

C.hadseen

D.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe____Englishforayear.(2007湖南)

A.studies

B.studied

C.isstudying

D.hasbeenstudying5.Danny_________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.(2007福建)works

B.isworking

C.hasworked

D.hadworked6.—Ihavegotaheadache.

—Nowonder.You_______infrontofthatcomputertoolong.(2007江西)

A.work

B.areworking

C.havebeenworking

D.worked7.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(北京)hadconsi