【公開課課件】英語：定語從句復習課件

AttributiveclauseStepone定語從句的構成

兩個簡單句：Amanisstandingthere.Themanismybrother.=主從復合句：Themanwhoisstandingthereismybrother.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的詞先行詞一般是名詞或代詞關系詞：引導定語從句的詞語法講解定語從句（theattributiveclause）

☆被定語從句限定的詞是_______，引導定語從句的詞叫做________或_________?！铌P系代詞和關系副詞有三大作用，即連接（連接定語從句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行詞）、成分（在定語從句中要充當一定的句子成分）。在復合句中，充當_______用的從句是定語從句

“先行詞”“關系代詞”“關系副詞”形容詞Step2.關系詞的種類關系代詞關系副詞起著代詞和連詞的作用，在從句中充當主語，表語，賓語或定語起著副詞或介詞短語和連詞的作用，在從句中充當狀語Theman(whoisstandingthere)ismybrother.關系詞的作用：①代替前面的先行詞在從句中充當一定的成分

②把兩個句子連起來構成一個復合句Step3.關系代詞先行詞人事物人＋事物主語who/thatwhich/thatthat賓語who(m)/thatwhich/thatthat定語whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhichIhaveasister.+

SheworksinShanghai.=Ihaveasister___________worksinShanghai.Translate:他想要見的人在上海。Hewantstoseetheman.+

ThemanisinShanghai.=Theman______________hewantstoseeisinShanghai.Haveyoufoundthepen?+Youlostityesterday.=Haveyoufoundthepen___________youlostyesterday?who/thatwho/whom/that/(that/which/)難用的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s關系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格難用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbrokenDoyouknowthegirl?+

Hermotherworkshere.=Doyouknowthegirl________motherworkshere?Iliveinaroom.+

itswindowfacessouth.=Iliveinaroom________windowfacessouth.whosewhose=Iliveinaroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.ofwhichthewindow=Doyouknowthegirl

themotherofwhom

workshere?ofwhomthemotherExercisesLookatthelady_______nameisPochi.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.thatThosepictures________weredrawnbyTomarenice.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whichThegirl________couldsingwellwenttoEurope.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whom1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Theonlything_______weshoulddoistofindoutwayhome5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Thisisthebestfilm_______Ihaveeverseen.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.9.Ourvillageisnolongertheplace______itusedtothat,which,who,whom,whose?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat只能用that做關系代詞的幾種情況:thatthat,which,whose,whomorwho?11Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______madeothersupset.12.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_______sataboy.13.Themanto_______Ispokeisafamousscientist.14.Theboy_______motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.whichwhich

whomwhose只能用which做關系代詞的情況:以下情況只能用which引導定語從句。1.引導非限制性定語從句時,其先行詞可是一個詞,也可是整個主句或主句的某一部分。3.句子中同時有兩個定語從句，其中一個已經(jīng)用了that引導時

2.先行詞是物，緊接在介詞后面時

介詞+which(先行詞是物）介詞+whom(先行詞是人）關系副詞的用法：therelativeadverbsreferringtofunctionintheclausewhen(=at/in/onwhich)

where(=in/atwhich)why(=forwhich)

timeadverbialoftimeplaceadverbialofplacereasonadverbialofreason關系副詞和先行詞的關系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

whypeopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that/inwhich關系副詞實際上是“介詞＋先行詞”Thisis

thehouse.+Iwasborninthehouse.（介詞短語）=Iwasbornthere（副詞).=Thisisthehouse_______Iwasborn.=____which注意區(qū)別：Thisisthehouse____________Iwasbornin.(which/that)whereinWewillneverforgettheday.+wewillholdtheOlympicGamesonthatday.=Wewillneverforgettheday______wewillholdtheOlympicGames.

____which注意區(qū)別：Iwillneverforgettheday____________Ispentwithyoulastyear.(which/that)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelefthere.=forwhichwhenon判斷關系詞的步驟：步驟一辨別出先行詞步驟二確定先行詞在從句中所充當?shù)某煞植襟E三查看有無特殊情況注意：1.Thankyouforthebookyougaveittomeyesterday.在定語從句中，關系代詞已代替了前面的先行詞，所以在從句中不能在重復了。what不能用于定語從句中2.Tellmeanythingwhatyouknow.Tellmewhatyouknow.thattellsb.sth,1.介詞＋whom/which

結構中，介詞的選擇Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIreachedtheGreatWall.Tellmethetime_____whichthetrainleaves.Thisisthehero_____whomweareproud.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.tothatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom根據(jù)先行詞來判斷根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞的固定搭配來判斷onatofturntosb.forhelp1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich介詞+關系代詞的練習介詞+關系代詞的練習

6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,__________

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Heistheman________youcandepend.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.

10.Shesufferedfromillness,inwhichcaseherhusbandhadtostayhome=andinthatcase11.Tomspend4yearsincollege,___________helearnedFrench.onwhomtowhomofwhichunderwhich介詞+關系代詞+名詞的練習

duringwhichtime介詞+關系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

Arethesetwosentencesright?可見,who、that不能用與介詞之后介詞+關系代詞的情況3Isthisthewatchthatyouare

lookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIam

lookingafter

isbetter.

在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?4.（名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、最高級＋）of＋whom/which結構中，表所屬關系，”…當中的…”

Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofthatisTaiwan.

whichThere54studentsinourclass,mostofthemareboys.whom非限制性和非限制性定語從句3.ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.4.Huian,whereIlive,isbeautiful.1.shehasasonwhoisadoctor2.Shehasason,who(=andhe)isadoctor..Pleasecompare:形式

作用

翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句修飾限定補充解釋能不能….的能否省略不止一個只有一個5.在非限制定語從句中，需注意以下幾點：

①

that

不能用來引導非限制性定語從句②why

不能用來引導非限制性定語從句，應用forwhiche.g.Ihavetoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidn’tattendthemeeting.

③在非限制性的定語從句中，指人的關系代詞作賓語時，只能用whom，不能用who替換，也不能省略Hiswife,______youmetatmyhome,wasateacher.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.whose④在非限制性定語從句中，關系代詞有時代替修飾的不是前面的名詞或代詞，而是前面的整一句話。這種關系代詞只有兩個:which,asAlicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_______cameasasurprise.itB.thatC.whichD.he_______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What區(qū)別：

a.which只能放在句末，而as從句則還可以放在句首或句中。b.從意義上講，which意為“這一點’,而as卻可表示”正如那樣“，有些as從句已成了固定句型,如：Asweallknow,asisknowntoall,asyousay,asIcansee,Asisreported,asyoumayhaveheard……關系代詞as的用法(1)_______weallknow,TaiwanbelongstoChina.Taiwan,_________weallknow,belongstoChinaTaiwanbelongstoChina,___________weallknow.Asas\whichas\which

as

可以位于句首、中、尾；which不能位于句首.______isreportedinthepapers,Chinahassentupanothersatellite.Ilostmywatch,_______isnotfoundyet.ASwhich

as

具有“正如”之意，常用于beknown(expected,announced,reported,,shown)等被動結構中as只能指代主句整個概念，不能指代單個先行詞;which兩者都可以。關系代詞as的用法練習（2）用which,as,it填空Theearthisround._______isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_________isknowntoall._________isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsIt關系代詞as的用法練習（3）Thisissuchaninterestingbook

_____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook

_____

wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結果狀語從句)關系代詞as的用法(4)ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.Pleasecompare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。

thesame…as(指不同的人或物)；

thesame…that(指同一個人或物)

as引導限定性定語從句常用在下面固定短語中：thesame…as,as…as,so…as,such…as非限制性定語從句和單句的比較4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.6.Hehastwosons,

andbothof________areteachers.thatthatwhomthemthat,which,them,whom?1.Hehasgonetocollege,_____madeussurprised.2.Hehasgonetocollegeand____madeussurprised.3.Hehasgonetocollege;____madeussurprised.whichthemway后面的定語從句

way后面的定語從句的引導詞有inwhich,that或不填，如：

Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromtheway__________________hespeaks.inwhich(that/不填)

同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別：

that引導同位語從句時不充當句子成分；用于定語從句則充當句子成分；用when,where,why引導同位語從句時，其前面的詞不是相應的時間、地點、原因，而定語從句則必須是相應的時間、地點、原因。例如：概念拓展：Thesuggestionthatthejobisunfitforyouisreasonable.Thesuggestionthatyouputforwardisreasonable.同位語從句

定語從句

定語從句與強調句型的區(qū)別

強調句型的句式結構為：“Itis/was+被強調部分+that/who從句”。在強調主語和賓語時，如果主語和賓語指代人，則可用who和whom來代替that,但是從句中的人稱和數(shù)要與被強調的主語和賓語保持一致。這些都容易與定語從句混淆。定語從句和強調句型的判斷方法：若將句中的“Itis/was”和“that/who”去掉，而句子不缺成分，結構完整，說明原句是強調句型；若句子結構不完整，則說明原句為定語從句。1.Itwasthemuseum_______yousawmanytreasures2.Itwasinthemuseum_______yousawmanytreasureswherethat改錯.1.ThebookthatIborroweditfromthelibraryiswellwritten.2.Canyouthinkofanyonewho’shouseisonapileofrock?3.Thegirlstudiesmusicplaystheviolinverywell.4.Doyouknowthedriverwhomcausedthetrafficaccident?5.Thehouseinwhereweliveisverylarge.6.Thisisthetenthletterwhichshehasreceivedfromthatboy.7.ThetowntothatwearemovingistheoneIusedtolivein.1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞①Isthisthefactory_____youvisitedlastyear?②Isthisfactory____youvisitedlastyear?1.a.thatb.wherec.inwhichd.theone2.①All____Ineedisagoodrest.

②Youknow

____Ineedisagoodrest.

a.whatb.allwhatc.thatd.whichadca3.①MrSmithisoneofthoseforei-gnerswho____workinginChina.②MrSmithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho____work-inginChina.a.isb.hasc.haved.are4.①Pisaisacity,____hasalean-ingtower.②Pisaisacity,____thereisaleaningtower.a.whichb.thatc.whered.theredaac5.①Thisistheplace____wevisit-edlastyear.②Thisistheplace____hatd.there6.①Thenews________hetolduswasveryexciting.②Hetoldusthenews____ourteamhadwonthegame.a.whatb.asc.thatd.whichabc/dc8.Hisparentswouldn