2020-2021學(xué)年高中外研(2019)英語選擇性必修第三冊(cè)學(xué)案：Unit 3 突破 語法大沖關(guān)

主謂一致(Ⅰ)一、名詞作主語時(shí)的主謂一致[觀察例句]1．Thepolicearesearchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard.2．Thegoodsofthestoreareofhighquality.3．Myshoesdon'tfitmyfeet，soIhavetobuyanotherpair.4．AsfarasIknow，hisfamilyisabigone.5．WhenIvisitedthemyesterday，thefamilywerehavingdinner.6．Hisluggageisveryheavy，andheneedssomeonetohelphim.7．Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried，butnoneofwhichisperfect.8．Everypossiblemeanshasbeentriedandtheresultisverygood.[歸納用法]1．形式上是單數(shù)，而意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞people，police，cattle等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2．只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞goods，clothes，remains等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3．表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的成雙成套的名詞glasses，trousers，shoes，scissors，gloves等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。[名師點(diǎn)津]這類名詞前若有pairof，typeof等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。Anewpairofglasseswasboughtyesterdayforherbyherfriend.昨天她的朋友為她買了一副新眼鏡。4．集體名詞crowd，family，team，group，government，committee，class，union，firm，staff，public等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)語言內(nèi)容而定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。5．clothing，furniture，baggage/luggage，scenery，jewellery，equipment等不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。6．單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞means，sheep，deer等作主語，根據(jù)其表達(dá)的單復(fù)數(shù)的意義確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。[即學(xué)即練1]單句語法填空①M(fèi)yfamilyare(be)goingonatripthissummer.②Look!Thosecattleare(be)eatinggrassonthehillnow.③Thesceneryofthismountainareais(be)beautiful，whichhasattractedmanytourists.二、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)的主謂一致[觀察例句]1．JimandMaryarespecialistsincancerresearch.2．BothJimandhisparentsweresittingintheshadeofalargetree.3．Eitheryouorthepresidentistodeliveraspeechaboutthetopic.4．NotonlyhebutalsoIlookdownuponthosewhoalwaysrelyonothers.[歸納用法]1.主語由and或both...and連接謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)2.主語由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，not...but...等連接主謂一致采取就近原則[名師點(diǎn)津](1)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前若有no，each，manya，every等修飾，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Eachteacherand(each)studentwasgivenaticket.每一位老師和學(xué)生都發(fā)了一張票。Everyhourand(every)minuteisimportantforus.每一小時(shí)和每一分鐘對(duì)我們都很重要。(2)當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞指同一個(gè)人同一物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Thewriterandpoetiscomingsoon.那位作家兼詩人很快就要來了。(同一個(gè)人，注意poet前無冠詞)AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。[即學(xué)即練2]單句語法填空①Ahorseandcartwasseen(see)inthedistance.②Isawthatmyneighbourandcolleaguewaswatering(water)theflowers.③Eachactorandeachactresswas(be)invitedtoourschoolyesterday.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Myfather，togetherwithhisworkmates，has(have)gonetoBeijing.2．Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslike(like)playingfootball.3．ThepopulationofChinais(be)largerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.4．Thefootballteamis(be)madeupof22players.5．Myfamilyis(be)thelargestoneinourvillage.Besides，myfamilyare(be)allPartymembers.6．Thewholeclassare(be)nowlisteningtotheteacherattentively.7．Eitherheoryouare(be)interestedinplayingfootballinourclass.8．Thepolicearesearching(search)forthelostchildnow.Ⅱ.完成句子1．BothTomandhisbrotherhavepassedtheexam．湯姆和他弟弟都通過了考試。2．Thepeasantandwriterismakingaspeechinthemeetingroom.那位農(nóng)民作家正在會(huì)議室里發(fā)表演講。3．Everymanandeverywomanisatworknow.現(xiàn)在所有男人和女人都在工作。4．Ourclassisbett