狀語從句之時狀和讓狀

狀語從句狀語時用來修飾詞，詞，詞或

的一種句子成分。它可以表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。當充當狀語的部分是一個句子時，也就是狀語從句。分類如下：動形容副句子什么是狀語？狀語從句1.時間狀語從句2.地點狀語從句3.原因狀語從句4.條件狀語從句5.讓步狀語從句6.目的狀語從句7.結果狀語從句8.方式狀語從句9.比較狀語從句1.時間狀語從句引導詞可分為兩部分．aswhile

whenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…instantlyimmediatelydirectly

(一…就…)

as引導的時間狀語從句,可以表達“正當……”，“一邊……一邊……”，“隨著……”等意思。1.表示某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生。

Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事發(fā)生的過程中，另一事發(fā)生。

Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.3.表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。

Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“隨著…..”.常指一個行為是另一個行為的結果，或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動詞多表示狀態(tài)的發(fā)展變化。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的區(qū)別while:持續(xù)性動詞／進行時＊現(xiàn)在情況＊將來情況－V一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時＊過去情況e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.e.g.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.--Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_________)Whilethereislife，thereishope.(while=__________)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.whenalthoughaslongasWhile在句中的不同含義:when:持續(xù)性／非持續(xù)性動詞都可＊當……時＊正在……忽然e.g.WhenIfirstsawher,Ifellinlovewithher.---Whendidyougethome?---Itwaseighto’clockwhenIgothome.Theywerewalkingdownthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.2)Iwasabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidestoppedme.＊盡管／雖然／鑒于／如果／屆時／e.g.Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.

TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,when

shewillopenthenewhospital.Howcanyouhopeformercyyourselfwhenyoushownone?HowcouldIliveinLosAngeleswhenallmyfavoritepeoplelivehere?雖然屆時如果鑒于,既然

when還有一些較為靈活的翻譯:before引導的時間狀語從句◆

before引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之前”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。after引導的時間狀語從句◆after引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之后”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之后。Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.用過了塑料袋之后，不準到處亂扔。since引導的時間狀語從句◆since引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“自從……”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句常用一般過去時。例句翻譯：我們自從分手以后一直沒見過面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+時間段+since從句“自從……有多長時間了”例句翻譯：自從她大學畢業(yè)已經有六年時間了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.It’s/willbe+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時表示過了多久才It’s/will（not)be+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時表示沒過多久就it’sbeen+一段時間since+一般過去時Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.ItwillnotbealongtimebeforetheChinabecomeadevelopedcountry.It

20yearssincewefirst

eachother.sawhasbeenuntil/till引導的時間狀語從句◆until/till引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“直到……時”，表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句之前?！舢斨骶渲^語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我會待在這里，直到你回來。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆當主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞時,主句常用否定形式。

not…until…“直到……才……”，這時until可用before替換。Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.例句：他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。assoonas引導的時間狀語從句◆assoonas引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“一…就…”，表示從句動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作馬上就發(fā)生。例句：他一回來我就告訴他這件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.◆相當于assoonas用法的詞或短語還有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.名詞短語引導的時間狀語從句◆themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引導時間狀語從句。IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.1.

WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.

Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.

ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.

Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.

AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.語法規(guī)則：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名詞短語引導狀語從句不加介詞。考點:名詞短語引導時間狀語從句其他連詞引導的時間狀語從句◆nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引導時間狀語從句,都相當于assoonas,從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時。當nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。Ihadnosoonerbeguntotalkthanherangoff.NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoff.我還未來得及講話，他就掛斷了電話。

Nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.incaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumersA.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.whyB.whereC.whenD.while5.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than

在復合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句被稱為讓步狀語從句。常用引導詞：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑問詞(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑問詞-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引導詞：as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，

while(一般用在句首)，

whether…or…,whether(…)ornot2.讓步狀語從句though,although◆判斷以下句子是否正確：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.◆要點歸納：though,although當“雖然”講,都不能和but連用.但是他們都可以同yet(still)連用.everif,eventhoughevenif和eventhough表示“”

即使We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.as引導讓步狀語從句as引導的讓步狀語從句，必須將從句中的、、以及謂語中的

提前至從句句首，作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需

。表語狀語實意動詞省略Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughyoumayobject,I’llgo.Objectasyoumay,I’llgo.whether…or…,whether(…)ornotwhether…or…,whether…ornot表示“不論是否……”，“不管是……還是……”。其引導的從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結果。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.You’llhavetoattendthepartywhetheryouarefreeorbusy.while

也可以引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”，語氣比though/although弱。其引導的從句一般位于

。句首例句：我盡管喜歡它的顏色，但不喜歡它的形狀。WhileIlikeitscolor,Idon’tlikeitsshape.nomatter+疑問詞疑問詞-everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替換：nomatterwhat=whatever

nomatterwho=whoever

nomatterwhen=whenever

nomatterwhere=wherever

nomatterwhich=whichever

nomatterhow=however判斷正誤：Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.Whateveryousayisofnousenow.歸納：nomatter+疑問