綜合英語第四冊312Part 2

ReadingComprehensionPartIIBook3-Unit12Pre-readingTaskComprehensionWorkLanguageWorkReadingComprehensionBook3-Unit12ReturntoMenuPre-readingTaskBook3-Unit12EnvironmentalChangesinthelastfiveyearsin_____AspectsImprovementsDeteriorationsAirRiversStreetsPublictoiletsGeneralhygieneDiscusswhathashappenedtotheenvironmentinyourowntownorcity.Hasitimprovedordeteriorated?Giveexamples.ComprehensionWorkTextOrganizationQuestionDiscussionTextSummaryDifficultSentencesStoryReproductionBook3-Unit12TextOrganizationListentothetextandthentrytocompletethefollowingtable.PartsParagraphsMainIdeas12341-23-45-78-11Thewriterisbewilderedattherichvarietyandabundanceofvegetablesandfruitontheshelvesofthelocalsupermarket.Theeasyaccesstothisyear-roundfreshproducemakeshimfeeluneasyanddisturbed.Thewritergivesadescriptionofthewintersceneofthederelictallotmentsincontrasttotherichvarietyofsummervegetablesinthesupermarket.Thecontrasttriggersoffhisreflectionsonenvironmentalprotection.ThechangingofthelandaroundLakeNaivashaisduetotheover-exploitationofitsresourcesoutofeconomicconsiderations.Theproducersmustnottakeadvantageofthelocalpeople'sweaknessesandover-exploittheenvironment,andthecustomersshouldbetoldabouthowsuchover-exploitationhasdamagedtheenvironmentandaffectedthelifeofthelocalpeople.Book3-Unit12LocationofLakeNaivashainKenyaBook3-Unit12QuestionDiscussion1.Whyisthewriterbewildered?Thewriterisbewilderedbytherichvarietyofvegetablesandfruitfromallovertheworldontheshelvesofthelocalsupermarket.Book3-Unit122.Whatchangeshavetakenplaceinlocalpeople’sattitudetoexoticfruits?Severalyearsago,thelocalpeoplewouldthinkonlytherichcouldaffordthoseexoticfruitsandvegetables.Now,theytakeitforgrantedthatthesethingsaretheireverydayshoppingexperience.Book3-Unit123.Whydoesthewritermentionanddescribethelocalallotments?Sheistellingthereaderthatthose“commonplace”or“humble”vegetablesarenotgrownonthelocalvegetableallotments,butareimportedfromforeigncountries.Book3-Unit124.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“intheglobalmarketit’salwayssummer”?Ontheinternationalmarket,thesupplyoffruitsandvegetablesknowsnoseasons.Whenitiswinterinoneplaceandthelocalmarketcannotselllocallyproducedsummervegetablesandfruit,producefromotherpartsoftheworldwillbeimportedtofilltheseasonalgap.Book3-Unit125.InwhatwayhasLakeNaivashachangedfromthe70stothe80s?Therewasasharpreductionofitswaterresource.LakeNaivashameasured81squaremilesinthe1970sbutonlybetween44and74squaremilesinthe1980s.Book3-Unit126.WhyisLakeNaivashaimportantforthelocalpeople?LakeNaivashaisacomplexnaturalphenomenon,alargebodyoffreshwaterinaregionwhereotherlakesaresalty.Itistheonlylife-givingresourceintheregion.Book3-Unit127.Whyhasthelandaroundthelakebecomeanimportantcenterforhorticultureandthecash-cropindustry?LakeNaivashahasaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater,anditswinterclimateissimilartothebestofBritishsummers.Withsuchafavorableenvironment,itnaturallybecomesaveryimportantareaforfarming,horticultureandthecash-cropindustry.Book3-Unit128.Whatarethebestexcusesgivenbypeoplewhointerferewiththelocalenvironment?Theirbestexcusesforinterferingwiththeenvironmentareasfollows—jobscanbecreatedandforeigncurrencycanbeearnedforthecountry.Book3-Unit129.Whatdoenvironmentalistsworryabout?Whatevidencedotheyhave?Environmentalistsworryaboutthefutureofthelake.Theyareunconvincedthatthevoluntarycontrolsagreedbygrowingcompaniesandlandownerswillsavethelakefromover-exploitationandtheyseethelakebeingdestroyed,vanishingbeforetheireyes.Book3-Unit1210.What,inProfessorMaathai’sopinion,shouldn’tinvestorsinpoorcountriesdo?InProfessorMaathai'sopinion,investorsinpoorcountriesshouldnottakeadvantageofthelocalpeople'signorance,povertyandpowerlessnesstomakeprofitsat

theexpenseoftheenvironment.Book3-Unit1211.Whatisthemeaningofthelastsentence?Thewriterthinksthattheshoppers,asconsumersoffarmproduce,shouldbemadeawareofitspossibledamagetotheenvironmentandbearinmindthatwhattheyconsumewillinfluencetheenvironment.Book3-Unit12CriticalThinkingWhatimpressiondoyouhaveaboutthelocalsupermarketandthelocalallotmentsthroughreadingthispassage?Whatproblemdoesthewriterwanttorevealbythecomparingtheprosperoussupermarketsandtheabandonedlocalallotments?WhatinformationdidyougetaboutLakeNaivasha?Howdoyouunderstand“avoluntarycodeofpractice”?Isitpractical,accordingtotheenvironmentalists?Book3-Unit12ObjectsRelatedInformationProblemsReflectedLocalSupermarketsLocalallotmentsLakeNaivashaWhatenvironmentalproblemdoestheexampleofLakeNaivashareflect?Whatshouldtheproducersandthecustomersdotoprotecttheenvironment?Book3-Unit12ReferenceAnswers1.Whatimpressiondoyouhaveaboutthelocalsupermarketandthelocalallotmentsthroughreadingthispassage?Thesupermarkets:prosperous:strangeandexoticfruits,therichvarietyandabundanceofvegetablesandfruitsTheallotments:abandoned:derelict,dormancy,rickety,areminderoflastyear’speasandbeansBook3-Unit12ReferenceAnswers2.Whatproblemdoesthewriterwanttorevealbythecomparingtheprosperoussupermarketsandtheabandonedlocalallotments?Theproblemofenvironmentprotection:Whatdoesitmeanfortheenvironmentbehindthatinnocent-lookinglabelonabagofbeans?Book3-Unit123.WhatinformationdidyougetaboutLakeNaivasha?

TheinformationaboutLakeNaivasha:itsimportancetothelocalpeople,acomplexnaturalphenomenon,alargebodyoffreshwaterinaregionwhereotherlakesaresalty,theonlylife-givingresourceintheregion,thelandaroundthelake:animportantcenterforhorticultureandthecash-cropindustry;itschanges:asharpreductionofitswaterresource,from81squaremilesinthe1970sto44to74squaremilesinthe1980s;itsfuture:agreatconcern,vanishingbeforetheireyesBook3-Unit124.Howdoyouunderstand“avoluntarycodeofpractice”?Isitpractical,accordingtotheenvironmentalists?

Thepractitionersmustbetrainedsystematicallyandscientificallyandtheymustbeofself-discipline.But,actuallyitissodifficultforbusinesspeopletoresistthetemptationsofprofitmaking.Accordingtotheenvironmentalists,thevoluntarycodeofpracticeisn’tpractical.Book3-Unit125.WhatenvironmentalproblemdoestheexampleofLakeNaivashareflect?Over-exploitationofthenaturalresourceswilldamagetheenvironmentandaffectthelivesofthepeople.Book3-Unit126.Whatshouldtheproducersandthecustomersdotoprotecttheenvironment?InProfessorMaathai'sopinion,investorsinpoorcountriesshouldnottakeadvantageofthelocalpeople'signorance,povertyandpowerlessnesstomakeprofitsattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Thewriterthinksthattheshoppers,asconsumersoffarmproduce,shouldbemadeawareofthepotentialdamagetotheenvironmentandbearinmindthatwhattheyconsumewillinfluencetheenvironment.Book3-Unit12TextSummaryMarketdemandsandincreaseinproductionforimmediateprofitsareforcesthatdrivepeopletoover-exploitnaturalresourcesandeventuallydestroyourenvironment.ThepresenceofgreenbeansinaBritishsupermarketinwintertimeandtheendangeredLakeNaivashaarecasesinpoint.Thetitleoftentellsuswhatthetextisabout.WhatdoesthetitleDangeroftheMarketForcesmean?Book3-Unit12TextSummaryTheauthorofTheDangerofMarketForcesdoesnotstartrightawaytosaythat_____________________________________________.Insteadhestartswithadiscussionof_________________________________,_____________,and________________________________.Thisdiscussionleadstohisconcernabouttherelationshipbetween___________________________.Toillustrate,hecitestheexampleof____________________,showinghowfarmingactivitiestherehaveaffectedthelife-givingwaterofthelake.Andfinallyhefinishesthearticlebycallingforgreaterawarenessof___________________________________________.Howdoestheauthordeveloptheessay?marketforcesposeadangertothethevarietyofvegetablesinasupermarkettheweathertheappearanceoflocalallotmentsmarketforcesandtheenvironmentenvironmentLakeNaivashainKenyathedangerofmarketforcesontheenvironmentBook3-Unit121.OnmywayhereIpassedlocalallotments,anddespiteatantalisingglimpseofspringsunshinetheylieallbutderelictintheirwinterdormancy,theskeletalremainsofricketystickstructures,areminderoflastyear’speasandbeans.DifficultSentences我來超市時路過當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┎藞@子，盡管春天的太陽已開始照耀，菜地還像冬眠一樣幾乎被遺棄，菜地里一些豆類的藤架搖搖晃晃，提醒人們?nèi)ツ赀@里種過豆子。abandonedinactivenessalmostTheyareinapposition.Book3-Unit122.HighintheeastAfricanRiftValley,6,000feetabovesea-levelandabout60milesnorthofNairobiinKenya,liesLakeNaivasha.在肯尼亞的內(nèi)羅畢往北大約60英里的東非大裂谷，這里海拔6000英尺，Naivasha湖就位于此地。InvertedsentenceorderBook3-Unit123.Itwasinevitablethatwithaplentifulsupplyofwaterandawinterclimatesimilartothebestofoursummers,thelandaroundLakeNaivashawouldbecomeanimportantcenterforhorticultureandthecash-cropindustry.由于有充分的水源，當(dāng)?shù)氐亩煊兄c英國最好的夏日般的氣候，湖周圍的陸地就不可避免地成了園藝和經(jīng)濟作物的基地。adverbialBook3-Unit124.ProfessorMaathaiandotherenvironmentalistsfearforthefutureofthelake,unconvincedthatvoluntarycontrolsagreedbymulti-nationalgrowingcompaniesandpowerfullandownerswillsaveLakeNaivashafromover-exploitation.馬賽教授和其他環(huán)境學(xué)家為這個湖的前景而擔(dān)憂，他們并不相信那些跨國種植公司和勢力強大的土地所有者通過自愿控制就能保護Naivasha湖使其免遭過度開發(fā)。adverbialBook3-Unit12StoryReproductionRetellthestoryusingthecluesonpage171.Book3-Unit12LanguageWorkInOtherWordsWorkwithSentencesWordStudyBook3-Unit12Somevaluablediscoveriesweremadeintheremainsoftheancientcitywhichlies_________inthewildwest.Beforehisretirement,mygreatunclewasafull-timeBaptistministerina___________church.Onthissmallisland,youcanseealotof________architecturebuiltbythecolonists50yearsago.Somepeoplecanhardlyresisttemptationwhentheyseethe__________offer“Buyone,andgetonefree.”InOtherWordsPutthefollowingexpressionsfromthetextintheblank.(page172:A)Clickthewordtantaliseprovincialexploitderelictexoticsustainabledormancyrummagetantalisingadj.dormantBook3-Unit12Forrevision,theboysatatthedesk__________throughhisbooksforusefulnotes.EveninancientChina,peopleattemptedto________solarenergyintheirlife.Ecologicalbalanceisanimportantmeanstoensure____________developmentoftheeconomyinanation.Clickthewordexploitrummagesustainablerummaging

Book3-Unit12WorkwithSentences1.Whenitreachedhomeforhelp,thedogwasalmostdeadfromexhaustion.2.Ateacher'sinstructionmustbeexplicitandclear,orhis/herstudentswillbeconfused.3.Manystudentsprefertostudyinthelibrarywhereitissoquietthatnothingwilldistractthemfromtheirwork.allbutRewritethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsbelow.(page172)erferewithBook3-Unit124.Ifyoufinishthetypingtonight,youwon’thavetogetupearlytomorrow.5.With“geneticscreening”,doctorscanidentifythepresenceofharmfulgenesinanunbornchild,butitistheparents’responsibilitytodecidewhethertogoaheadwithpregnancyornot.6.Somestudentstendtothinkofalanguageasafixedthingandassumewithoutquestioningthatlanguagelearningcanleadtoclearultimatesuccess.7.Sociologistshavemisgivingaboutthelegalproblemsthatmayarisefromartificialinsemination.8.Shelovestovisitsupermarkets,notthatsheintendstobuyanything,butsheadmiresallthegoodsbeautifullyarrangedanddisplayedontheshelves.willbesavedfromtheuptotheparentstakeitforgrantedfearforlaidouttroubleofhavingtogetupearlytomorrow.Book3-Unit12WordStudy(page173)StudythefiveexpressionsinExerciseatogetherwiththeexamplesentencesinExerciseb.GiveEnglishinterpretationsofthetermbasedontheexamplesentences.ThentrytotranslatetheexamplesentencesintoChinese.TrytofinishExerciseb:workononesentenceoutoftheprompts.Book3-Unit121.Oncestrangeandexoticfruits…arenow…partofoureverydayshoppingexperience.Somuchsothatinsteadoffocusingonthenovel,Iamdrawntothecommonplace.以前，那些稀罕的和外國進(jìn)口的水果只有富人才買得起，但現(xiàn)在即使不是每個人都能品嘗到，也一定是我們每天購物時所能見識到的。變化這么大，以致我不再對新奇的果品過多地關(guān)注，而被普通的東西所吸引了。usedforemphasisBook3-Unit121.Oncestrangeandexoticfruits…arenow…partofoureverydayshoppingexperience.Somuchsothatinsteadoffocusingonthenovel,Iamdrawntothecommonplace.1.a.Thosepeopleacrosstheroadmadesuchanoiseattheparty.SomuchsothatIhadtofightbackbyturningupmyhi-fisystemtothemaximumvolume.b.Thesnowstormwasgettingfurious,somuchsothatthemountaineershadtogiveuptheirattempttocrossthemountains.c.Lastweek,Prof.Chenworkedveryhardathisproject,somuchsothatheevenforgottoeatandtosleep.Book3-Unit122.Intheglobalsupermarketit’salwayssummerandnature’sbountyknowsnobounds.在全球超市里，好像四季長夏，并且大自然的恩賜似乎永無止盡。(formal)afeelingorqualitythatknowsnoboundsisverystrongandseemstohavenolimits.e.g.Hergenerosityknowsnobound.Book3-Unit122.Intheglobalsupermarketit’salwayssummerandnature’sbountyknowsnobounds.2.a.Amother'sloveforherchildrenknowsnobounds.b.Herrageathisinsultinglanguageknewnobounds.c.Somepeoplesaythathumangreedforwealthknowsnobounds.Book3-Unit123.Itisalwayseasiertosilencelocalpeoplewhenyousaytheirjobsarethreatened.當(dāng)你說他們的就業(yè)將受到威脅時，就能輕而易舉地使當(dāng)?shù)氐木用癖３殖聊.topreventsb.fromgivinganopinionorcriticizingyou//tostopsb.orsomethingfromspeakingormakingasounde.g.Effortstosilenceoppositionhavesofarbeenunsuccessful.Theywerecompletelysilencedbythenews.Book3-Unit123.Itisalwayseasiertosilencelocalpeoplewhenyousaytheirjobsarethreatened.3.a.Thegangsterssilencedthewitnessesbybribingthem.b.Theappearanceofthespokesmansilencedthebuzzingjournalistsatthepressconference.c.Itisasdifficulttosilenceagossipastosilence500quackingducks.Book3-Unit124.Itisuptotheproducerstoassuretheircustomersthattheyareproducingthingssustainable.生產(chǎn)者必須向消費者保證他們的生產(chǎn)活動是可持續(xù)性的。totellsomeonethatsomething