季羨林《月是故鄉(xiāng)明》中譯英佳作賞析

季羨林《月是故鄉(xiāng)明》中譯英佳作賞析月是故鄉(xiāng)明BrightistheMoonoverMyHomeVillage季羨林ByJiXianlin每個(gè)人都有個(gè)故鄉(xiāng)，人人的故鄉(xiāng)都有個(gè)月亮，人人都愛自己的故鄉(xiāng)的月亮。事情大概就是這個(gè)樣子。Everyonehashishometown,everyhometownhasamoon,andeveryonelovesthemoonoverhishometown.Presumably,thatshowthingsare.但是，如果只有孤零零一個(gè)月亮，未免顯得有點(diǎn)孤單。因此，在中國(guó)古代詩文中，月亮總有什么東西當(dāng)陪襯，最多的是山和水，什么“山高月小”、“三潭印月”等等，不可勝數(shù)。However,themoonwouldlooklonelyifithungintheskyallbyitself.InclassicChinesepoemsoressays,therefore,themoonisalwaysaccompaniedbysomething,mostlikelybyamountainorariver.Hence,Highisthemountain,andsmallisthemoon,andThreetowersreflectedonthelakeonamoonlightnight,etc.Therearesimplytoomanysuchscenestocount.我的故鄉(xiāng)是在山東西北部大平原上。我小的時(shí)候，從來沒有見過山，也不知山為何物。我曾幻想，山大概是一個(gè)圓而粗的柱子吧，頂天立地，好不威風(fēng)。MyhomevillageislocatedonamajorplaininnorthwesternShandong.IneversawamountainwhenIwassmall;asaresult,Ididntknowwhatamountainwaslike.Inmyimagination,amountainwasprobablyathickandroundcolumn,sotallthatitpiercedtheskyandlookedawesome.以后到了濟(jì)南，才見到山，恍然大悟：山原來是這個(gè)樣子呀。因此，我在故鄉(xiāng)望月，從來不同山聯(lián)系。像蘇東坡說的“月出于東山之上，徘徊于斗牛之間”，完全是我無法想象的。WhenIgrewup,IwenttoJinan,whereIsawsomemountainsforthefirsttime.SuddenlyIbecameawareofwhatamountainwas.ThemoonthatIsawinmyvillagewhenIwasyoung,therefore,wasneverassociatedwithanymountains.ItwasbeyondmywildestdreamtounderstandwhatthepoetSuDongposaidinhispoem:ThemoonrisesabovetheEasternMountainandlingersbetweentheSouthernDipperandAltair.至于水，我的故鄉(xiāng)小村卻大大地有。幾個(gè)大葦坑占了小村面積一多半。在我這個(gè)小孩子眼中，雖不能像洞庭湖“八月湖水平”那樣有氣派，但也頗有一點(diǎn)煙波浩渺之勢(shì)。Asforwater,therewasplentyofitinmysmallvillage.Severalreed-filledpondsmadeupmostofthevillage.Intheeyesofakidsuchasme,thosepondswerenotasmagnificentasLakeDongtingwhosewatersinAugustareplacid,buttheydidseemtoextendfarandwide.到了夏天，黃昏以后，我在坑邊的場(chǎng)院里躺在地上，數(shù)天上的星星。有時(shí)候站在古柳下面點(diǎn)起篝火。然后上樹一搖，成群的知了飛落下來。比白天用嚼爛的麥粒去粘要容易得多。我天天晚上樂此不彼，天天盼望黃昏早早來臨。Onasummerevening,Iwouldlieonthegroundnearapondandtrytocountthestarsinthesky.Occasionallyabonfirewouldbesetunderanoldwillow.Someonewouldclimbontothetreeandshakeit.Andloandbehold,manycicadaswoulddropdown.Thatwasamucheasierwayofcatchingcicadathantryingtogetthemgluedtochewedwheatgrains.EveryeveningItookgreatpleasureindoingthat,andeverybodyIlookedforwardtotheearlyarrivalofdusk.到了更晚的時(shí)候，我走到坑邊，抬頭看到晴空一輪明月，清光四溢，與水里的那個(gè)月亮相映成趣。我當(dāng)時(shí)雖然還不懂什么叫詩興，但也顧而樂之，心中油然有什么東西在萌動(dòng)。Laterintheevening,Iwouldwalktoapond,whereIlookedupatthemooninthesky,brightandclear,anddownatthemoonreflected,justasbrightandclear,onthesurfaceofthepond.Tooyoungtoknowwhatapoemwas,IwasnonethelesssoimpressedbywhatIhadseenthatthereseemedtobesomethingstirringinmyheart.Onsomedays,Iwouldplaybythepondlateintothenight.有時(shí)候在坑邊玩很久，才回家睡覺。在夢(mèng)中見到兩個(gè)月亮疊在一起，清光更加晶瑩澄澈。第二天一早起來，到坑邊葦子叢里去撿鴨子下的蛋，白白地一閃光，手伸向水中，一摸就是一個(gè)蛋。此時(shí)更是樂不可支了。NotuntilmidnightdidIgohometosleep.Andinmydream,Iwouldseetwomoons,oneonthetopoftheother,theirlightshiningallthemorebrightlyandsplendidly.Thenextday,earlyinthemorning,Iwouldgotothepondtolookforduckeggsinthereeds.Glistening,theywerethereformetopick.Iwashappybeyondwords.我只在故鄉(xiāng)呆了六年，以后就離鄉(xiāng)背井，漂泊天涯。在濟(jì)南住了十多年，在北京度過四年，又回到濟(jì)南呆了一年，然后在歐洲住了近十一年，重又回到北京，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)四十多年了。在這期間，我曾到過世界上將近三十個(gè)國(guó)家，我看過許許多多的月亮。Ilivedinmyhomevillageforonlysixyears.ThenIleftitandbegantolivethelifeofanitinerant,roamingfreelyallovertheworld.FirstIspentadozenorsoyearsinJinan,thenIspentfouryearsinPekingandthenIreturnedtoJinanforonemoreyear.Followingthat,IlivedinEuropenearlyelevenyears,onlytoreturntoPekingagain.Altogether,itwasoverfortyyears,duringwhichIvisitednearly30countriesandsawthemooneverywhereIwent.在風(fēng)光旖旎的瑞士萊茫湖上，在平沙無垠的非洲大沙漠中，在碧波萬頃的大海中，在巍峨雄奇的高山上，我都看到過月亮，這些月亮應(yīng)該說都是美妙絕倫的，我都異常喜歡。IsawitinLakeLemaninSwitzerland,onthegreatdesertinAfrica,inthevastsea,andoverhugemountains.ThemoonwasundisputedlybeautifulwhereverIsawit,andIlikediteverytimeIsawit.但是，看到它們，我立刻就想到我故鄉(xiāng)那葦坑上面和水中的那個(gè)小月亮。對(duì)比之下，無論如何我也感到，這些廣闊世界的大月亮，萬萬比不上我那心愛的小月亮。不管我離開我的故鄉(xiāng)多少萬里，我的心立刻就飛來了。我的小月亮，我永遠(yuǎn)忘不掉你！ButthesightofthemooninforeignlandswouldinvariablyremindmeofthesmallmoonIhadseenovermyownvillage,reflectedonthewaterofapond.Ialwaysfeltthat,howeverbigandbeautifultheforeignmoonwas,itcouldnotbeasbrightandbeautifulasthelovelymoonIsawovermysmallvillage.HoweverdistantImightbefrommyhomevillage,thethoughtofthatlovelymoonwouldmakemyheartflyback.Mydearlovelysmallmoon,Illneverforgetyou!我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)年近耄耋。住的朗潤(rùn)園是燕園勝地?？浯笠稽c(diǎn)說，此地有茂林修竹，綠水環(huán)流，還有幾座土山，點(diǎn)綴其間。風(fēng)光無疑是絕妙的。Nowalmost70yearsold,IliveatPekingUniversityinitsLangrunGarden,whichisitselfascenicattraction.Tobragabit,Iwoulddescribeitashavinglushbushesandslenderbamboowithstreamsrunningmerrilyaroundseveraltinyhills.Thesceneisexquisitelybeautiful.前幾年，我從廬山休養(yǎng)回來，一個(gè)同在廬山休養(yǎng)的老朋友來看我。他看到這樣的風(fēng)光，慨然說：“你住在這樣的好地方，還到廬山去干嗎呢！”可見朗潤(rùn)園給人印象之深。此地既然有山，有水，有樹，有竹，有花，有鳥。Acoupleofyearsago,IhadthepleasureofspendingasummervacationinMt.Lushan,oneofthebestsummerresortsinChina.BackinPekingtogetherwithoneofmyoldfriends,heexclaimedatthesightofLangrunGarden,Oh,withsuchabeautifulplacetolivein,whyshouldyouhavegonetoMt.Lushanforvacation?HiswordstestifiedtothebeautyoftheGarden,whichboastsofhills,streams,trees,bamboo,flowers,andbirds.每逢望夜，一輪當(dāng)空，月光閃耀于碧波之上，上下空濠，一碧數(shù)頃，而且荷香遠(yuǎn)溢，宿鳥幽鳴，真不能不說是賞月勝地。荷塘月色的奇景，就在我的窗外。不管是誰來到這里，難道還能不顧而樂之嗎？Onanightwiththefullmooninthesky,theGardeniscertainlyanidealplacetoappreciatethepoeticbeautyseeninthevastskywherethemoonhangs,thelushtreeswheresleepybirdssing,andthetranquilpondswherelotusessendoutadelicatefragrance.Themuch-covetedsightofmoonlightoveralotus-coveredpondisrightnexttomyroomwindow.Whoevercomestomyhomewillbedelightedtoseeit.然而，每值這樣的良辰美景，我想到的卻仍然是故鄉(xiāng)葦坑里的那個(gè)平凡的小月亮。見月思鄉(xiāng)，已經(jīng)成為我經(jīng)常的經(jīng)歷。思鄉(xiāng)之病，說不上是苦是樂，其中有追憶，有惘悵，有留戀，有惋惜。流光如逝，時(shí)不再來。在微苦中實(shí)有甜美在。Onsuchbeautifulnights,however,Iwillthinkoftheordinarymoonoverthepondinmyhomevillage.Indeed,seeingthemoonneverfailstomakemethinkofmyhomevillage.Itishardtosayifnostalgia—amalady,isntit?—bringsonesweetnes