北師課改版 初二英語知識點及練習(xí)題

強化鞏固訓(xùn)練情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞：它本身有一定的詞義，但不能獨立作謂語，只能和動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和態(tài)度。can的用法：1）沒有數(shù)和人稱的變化.2）否定形式為cannot,縮寫can’t.3)過去式為could,用在一般過去時的句子中。4）主要用法：C.表示能力，意為“能，會”，具體指體力或者腦力方面的能力。Icanplaybasketball.Canyousingasong?Hecan’tdancewell.5)口訣：“許可”“能力”請用can,

動詞原形后面站；

無論主語如何換，can的模樣永不變

4）主要用法：A．表示許可，意為“可以”。Youcandoittomorrow.Youcan’tgonow.B.表示請求對方的許可，意為“能，可以”。a.常用句型為“CanI/we…?”意為“我可以…?/我們可以…?”b.回答：肯定：“Yes,youcan.”

否定：“Sorry,youcan’t.”c.----Canweleavenow?-----Yes,youcan./Sorry,youcan’t.must必須表示主觀看法沒有人稱，時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化只用于一般現(xiàn)在時，可表示現(xiàn)在或者將來否定為mustn’t,意為“禁止，一定不要”Haveto必須，不得不表示客觀要求有人稱，時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化用于多種時態(tài)，可表示過去，現(xiàn)在和將來否定為don’thaveto，意為

“不必”must和haveto的用法：1)兩者都表示“必須”。2）用法和區(qū)別：注：A.以must開頭的一般疑問句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或者don’thaveto.----MustIgowiththem?----Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.B.haveto不能直接構(gòu)成否定句或者疑問句，必須借助助動詞。----Youdon’thavetogetupearly.1.情態(tài)動詞：（基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)）1.---Mr.Wang,canIfinishmyhomeworktomorrow?---Sorry,you____.A.can’tB.don’tC.needn’tD.won’t2.---CanIgofishingwithyou,Dad?---I’msorryyou_______.Youmuststayathomeanddoyourhomework.A

.mustn’tB.can’tC.don’tD.aren’t3._____IuseyouriPad?---Sure.Hereyouare.A.MustB.CanC.NeedD.Will4.---CanIparkmycarinfrontofthebuilding?---No,you______.A.won’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t5.---MustIfinishmyhomeworkbefore8o’clock?---Yes,you______.A.mustB.can’tC.havetoD.can6.You______wearsportsshoeswhenyouclimbamountain.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.haveto7.---MustIgetupearlytomorrowmorning?---No,_________.youmustn’t B.youdon’thavetoC.youcan’t D.youneed8.---Who’ssinginginthenextroom?---It____beher.Sheisn’tathometoday.A.can’tB.mustC.shouldn’tD.can9.

---MustIlearnallthesewordsbyheart?---No,you______.It’llbefineifyoucopytheminyourexercisebooks.needn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t10.Theworkistoohardforhim.He__________finishitontime.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't（提升練習(xí)）1.---Ican’tgiveupsmoking,doctor.---Foryourhealth,I’mafraidyou________.A.mayB.canC.havetoD.can’t2.---Dad,canIgotothecinematonight?---Sure,butyou_______comebackhomebefore0o’clock.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might3.---Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?---Yes,you______.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need4.

---Willyoustayforsomemoredays?---Sorry,I_____.Mymothercalledtoaskmetogobackatonce.A.mustn’t B.maynotC.can’t D.wouldn’t5.---WhoseT-shirtisthis?---It______beJohn's.It’s______smallforhim.can't;muchtooB.can't;toomuchC.mustn't;muchtooD.mustn't;toomuch6.

---DoyouknowthesongComeon,Tom!---Yes,andI_________singitwell.A.mustB.canC.needD.must7.

---MustIreturnthebookthisweek?---No,you____.Youcan_

itfor20days.mustn't:keepB.needn't;borrowC.needn't;keepD.mustn't;borrow8.

---Lookatthesign!---Oh,Isee.We_______wastewater.A.canB.mustC.mustn’tD.needn’t9.Itrainedheavily,sowe_______stayathomewatchingTVorsurfingtheInternetallday.A.could B.hadtoC.mustD.can10.---CanyoucometomypartyonWednesday?---Sorry,Ican't.I finishmyhomework.A.may B.wouldC.haveto1.---Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.---You’dbetternot.It’sbadforyou______toomuchjunkfood.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.ate2.It’s______forhimtolearnChinesewell.A.hardlyB.difficultC.difficultyItis+形容詞（+forsb.）+todosth.做某事（對某人來說）是……的

It是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。It’simportantforustolearnEnglish.It’sinterestingtoplaycomputergames.1.______GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.A./B.AC.AnD.The2.______movedtoanothercitylastmonth.TheSmithsB.ASmithC.AnSmithD./3.TheSmiths______goingtoBeijingnextweekA.isB.areC.willD.would

the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)=the+姓氏+family“…

…夫婦兩人”或“……一家人”。做主語是謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。TheSmithsareveryfriendly.

1.It______Mr.Greenanhourtofixuphisbikeyesterday.costB.paidC.spentD.took2.IttakesMissLitwohours_____hishomework.finishB.tofinishC.doD.finishingIttakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.(花費)某人多少時間做某事Ittakesabouttenminutestogettoschoolbybus.1.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_____others.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp2._____yoursituation,youhavetoworkhard.ToimproveB.ImprovingC.ImprovedD.Improves3.Hemadeafire________keepuswarm.A.toB.inC.atD.for動詞不定式短語在句中做目的狀語。動詞不定式做目的狀語謂語謂語動詞之后，有時也放在句子開頭，用逗號隔開，表示強調(diào)。Shewenttothebookstoretobuysomebooks.1.It’stime_____theweatherreport.Turnontheradio,please.A.toB.inC.atD.for2.It’stimeforhomenow.(改為同義句)__________________________________It’stimefor+名詞…“到了……的時間”簡略表達Timefor……It’stimetososth.到了做某事的時間了It’stimeforschool.=Timeforschool.It’stimetohavedinner.=It’stimefordinner.1.---It’safinedaytoday.Howabout_______?---Soundsgreat!A.gohikingB.gotohikeC.goinghikingD.togotohike2.---_______playingbasketball?---It’sagoodidea.A.HowaboutB.WhatC.WhatD.WhichWhat/Howabout…?……怎么樣？用于詢問情況，征求意見或提出意見。about是介詞，其后可以接名詞，代詞或V.ing.What/Howabouttomorrow?What/Howaboutbuyingabookforher?否定轉(zhuǎn)移：1.我認為你的答案不對。（翻譯）________________________.2.我認為他不會按時到校。（翻譯）__________________________.3.我認為這不是一個好主意。（翻譯）___________________________.否定轉(zhuǎn)移：1）英語中，當(dāng)主語為第一人稱，think，believe等動詞后的賓語從句為否定句時，要將否定句轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主語的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式，這種語法現(xiàn)象叫做否定轉(zhuǎn)移。2）翻譯成漢語時，要注意將否定的意義還原到從句中去。Idon’tthinkthatTomwillcometohisparty.我認為珍妮不會來參加他的聚會。Idon’tthinkheisright.我認為他不對。bring,take與get:1.Nexttimedon'tforgetto（）methestorybook.下次別忘了給我?guī)Ч适聲?.Please()thelettertothepostoffice.請把信帶到郵局去投遞。

3.()theboxaway，please．請把這個男孩帶走。

4.Goand()somewater.去取些水來。5.

My

books

are

upstairs;

will

you

them

down?我的書在樓上，你可以把它們給我拿下來嗎？6.We'll

the

students

to

the

middle

school．我們將帶學(xué)生到中學(xué)去。1)bring把某物或某人從某處帶到說話人處?！皫?拿來”Bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.Remembertobringmethepictures.=Remembertobringthepicturestome.2)take把某人或某物從說話人處帶到別處?！皫ё?，拿走”takeaway把…帶走

MyfatherwilltakemetoShanghai.3)get去某處將某人或某物帶到說話人處?！叭ト?，去帶來”

Pleasegetsomepaperforme.borrow,lend和keep：1.---CanI_______yourbike?---Withpleasure.Butyoumustn’t______ittoothers.A.lend,borrowB.borrow,lendC.lend,lendD.borrow,borrow2.Couldyou___meyourdictionary?Iwanttofindthemeaningofthisnewword.keepB.lentC.borrowD.lend3.Ican___youmydictionary,butyoucan____itforonlyaweek.borrow;borrowB.lend;borrowC.borrow;keepD.lend;keep4.Youcan_____thisbookfortwoweeks.Butyouhavetoreturnitontime.borrowB.lendC.keptD.keepborrow,lend和keep：1）borrow指從別處或向別人借東西，對主語而言“借入”。

borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物

Heborrowedabookfromthedictionary.2)lend指把自己的東西借給別人，對主語而言“借出”。

Lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某人

Ilentmybiketohimyesterday.=Ilenthimmybikeyesterday.3)keep指借用某物一段時間，意為“借，持有”。

Youcankeepthebookfortwoweeks.4)口訣：“借”看持有者，“借出”用lend，“借入”用borrow。如果用keep，表示“借多久”。infrontof和inthefrontof:1.---whyareyoustanding,Alice?---Ican’tseetheblackboardclearly.Twotallboysaresitting______me.A.behindB.nexttoC.betweenD.infrontof2.Thedriveris________thecar.behindB.inthefrontofC.infrontofD.atthebackof3.Thetreeis________thehouse.behindB.inthefrontofC.infrontofD.atthebackof4.Lucysits_______Tom.behindB.inthefrontofC.betweenD.atthebackof5.Thereisabigmap_____theclassroom.behindB.infrontofC.betweenD.atthebackofinfrontof和inthefrontof:1)infrontof指在某人或某物的前面意為“在……的前面”

反義詞：behind“在……的后面”

Thereisacarinfrontofthehouse.2)inthefrontof指在某一事物的內(nèi)部的前面意為“在……的前部”反義詞：atthebackof“在……的后部”

Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.alone與lonely:1.Hisgrandparentslive_____inasmallhouse,buttheydon’tfeel.lonely,aloneB.alone,lonelyC.lonely,lonelyD.alone,alone2.Thoughhisgrandmotherlives____,sheneverfeels____.lonely,lonelyB.alone,aloneC.alone,lonelyD.lonely,alone3.Mr.Greenwasout.HislittlesonDavidstayedathome_____,buthedidn’tfeel____.lonely,aloneB.alone,lonelyC.lonely,lonelyD.alone,alonealone與lonely:1)alone(adj.)獨自的，單獨的作表語（adv.）獨自地，單獨地作狀語2）lonely(adj.)孤單的，寂寞的，荒涼的，偏僻的作定語和表語Hewasaloneintheroom.Myunclecamealone.Theoldmanalwaysfeelsverylonely.look短語：用look短語填空Whatareyou__________?Please___________theblackboard.She_________hermother.Heisoldenoughto_______himself.Please_________thenewwordsinthedictionary.有關(guān)look的短語：1）lookfor尋找Whatareyoulookingfor?2)lookat看Pleaselookattheblackboard.3)looklike看起來像Shelookslikehermother.4)lookafter照顧Heisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.5)lookup(在字典中)查找Pleaselookupthenewwordsinthedictionary.

lookfor,find與findout:1.----Whatareyou_________?----IamlookingformypenbutIcan’t_____it.A.lookfor,findB.lookingfor,findC.finding,lookforD.find,lookingfor2.Hefinally______thedifficultquestionbyhoursofhardwork.findB.findout