2018英語考研沖刺最后一課思思完畢

考研沖刺點睛班主講：孔瑋新浪微博：@孔瑋Vicky

英語知識運用：完形填空

（20道題，10分）

字數(shù)：350左右

（英語一字數(shù)是240-280）熟悉考研題型

2.閱讀理解PartA：

四篇文章

（

每篇五道題，每題兩分）總分40分

字數(shù)：1500字左右3.閱讀理解PartB（五道題，每題兩分，總共10分）新題型3種：

英語二：信息匹配題

英語一：七選五／排序題

英語一和英語二：標題匹配題閱讀用時方案推薦用100分鐘PartA每篇用20分鐘。PartB新題型20分鐘。英語一：2010、2011排序題2012、2013七選五2014排序題2015七選五2016標題型

2017排序題

2018？

新題型預測英語一：2010、2011排序題2012、2013七選五2014排序題2015七選五2016標題型

2017排序題

2018七選五的可能性很大

新題型預測英語二：2014信息匹配題2015標題匹配題2016標題匹配題

2017信息匹配題

新題型預測英語二：2014信息匹配題2015標題匹配題2016標題匹配題

2017信息匹配題

2018標題匹配題可能性很大

新題型預測4.翻譯：150字的一個或幾個英文段落

分值：15分－英語一大綱：“主要考查考生準確理解概念或結構較復雜的英語文字材料的能力”，突出了概念或結構較復雜的要求;－英語二大綱：“考查考生理解所給英語語言材料并將其譯成漢語的能力?！?.寫作：小作文：10分

（主要是書信，注意新增備選題型：摘要的寫作。）大作文：15分5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）2015英語一的小作文＝2011年英語一的小作文

2011：寫一封推薦信

電影

2015:寫一封推薦信

書5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）2015英語二的小作文＝2010年英語一的小作文招募志愿者的告示5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）2015英語一的大作文＝2009年英語一的大作文2011:網(wǎng)絡的近與遠

2015:手機時代的聚會5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）2012英語一的小作文＝2011年英語二的小作文建議信：大學生活怎么過5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）2012英語二的小作文＝2004.6六級作文投訴信：買書質量問題5.寫作：（回顧近年考題，注意話題重復）2012英語一的大作文＝2007年英語一的大作文20072012閱讀路徑題干定位選項／文章交替分析結構式閱讀法題干文題宏觀審題定位到段微觀審題判斷題型＋精確定位句結構式閱讀法題干定位選項結構宏觀審題定位到段微觀審題判斷題型＋精確定位句邏輯路標詞主題指導題干中定位詞的選取比較級極端詞最高級否定詞數(shù)詞＋時間專有名詞邏輯路標詞轉折：but,however,yet,nevertheless讓步：though，although，ofcourse,admittedly對比：onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand邏輯路標詞順承：and,inthesameway,thatistosay,similarly,likewise羅列：first,another,some…others,even,then,besides,Inaddition,additionally,furthermore,what’smore,moreover舉例：forexample,thecaseinpoint,say,thinkof因果：consequently,hence,so

反

：

順：邏輯走向轉折、讓步、對比順承、羅列、舉例、因果

反關系：重點在后頭。

順關系：后面信息往往是對前面信息的補充說明。

邏輯走向

閱讀題型1:主旨題主旨的構成主旨＝主題對象＋文章重心＋作者感情基調主旨的構成主旨＝主題對象＋文章重心＋作者感情基調

開篇

各段分論點

開篇主旨題

該題型可細分為：A.全文主旨題B.段落主旨題主旨題題干特征全文主旨題What

would

bethebesttitleforthetext?Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizethetext?Whichofthefollowingisthetextmainlyabout?主旨題題干特征B.段落主旨題In

thefirstparagraph,theauthordiscusses_____WelearnfromParagraph2that_________正確選項特征全面表達文章或段落的中心思想。與文章或段落的中心句含義接近的選項。包含文中反復出現(xiàn)的主題詞和關鍵詞的選項。2017Text125.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebest

titleforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[B]PreCheck–aBelatedSolution

[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

2017Text11Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesaremendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.2Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.2017Text13Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweaponsbothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhase-butthelinesareobvious.2017Text14Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

5ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.2017Text16Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.ingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.7TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.2017Text125.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebest

titleforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[B]PreCheck–aBelatedSolution

[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

主旨題要點首段和尾段常出現(xiàn)主旨。首句和尾句常出現(xiàn)段落主旨。注意文章段落之間的轉折處，常是作者真實觀點。作者反復重復的關鍵詞常是文章主題詞。注意范圍意識。2017Text335.Whichofthefollowingisthebest

forthetext?

[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKlesson

[B]GDPfigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

[C]RobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP

[D]Brexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being2017Text3

1RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures"everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile."WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.2ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?3Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.4Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,eequalityandtheenvironment.5Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.6So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.7ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.

閱讀題型2:觀點態(tài)度題觀點態(tài)度題觀點題-Onwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?-Whichofthefollowingwould…mostprobablyagreeon?

觀點態(tài)度題B.態(tài)度題Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards…?Fromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthor_____正確選項特征因為態(tài)度屬于文章主旨的一部分，所以態(tài)度題的正確選項和文章主旨相關聯(lián)。2017Text440.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingis

[A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive.carefreeindifferentdetachedsubjectivebiased錯誤答案永陪詞prejudicedpuzzlingscaredsarcastic2017Text41Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.2017Text41Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.2Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell'strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis"officialacts,"ortheformergovernor'sdecisionson"specific"and"unsettled"issuesrelatedtohisduties.2017Text45Thecourt'srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery."Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,"wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,"assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.”8Thecourt'srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.主題指導：主題對象＋文章重心＋作者的感情基調當在幾個選項中糾結時，要跳出來，運用主題指導。一定要記住干擾選項特征1.望文生義，拘泥于文字的表面意思。2.將其他人的觀點態(tài)度置于作者身上。3.無中生有，編造事實或曲解原文。常見態(tài)度詞匯支持贊同：positive,optimistic,supportive,approval,appreciate,consent,sympathy2.懷疑批評反對：critical,negative,disapproval,doubtful,suspicious,skeptical,opposed,dissatisfaction,pessimistic,objection3.中立客觀：objective,critical,neutral,impartial,amazed感情的強度1.最高程度：all,completely,wholly,entirely,universally,parably2.較大程度：largely,chiefly,mainly,dominantly,toalargeextent,ingreatpart,broadly,generally,extremely,byandlarge.3.相對程度：roughly,quite,comparatively,relatively,fairly,reasonably4.壓低程度：only,simply5.貶義程度：too,rather,disproportionately,excessively,redundantly,over-,under-觀點態(tài)度要點1.別揉入自己的態(tài)度。2.區(qū)分好是作者的態(tài)度還是他人的態(tài)度。3.根據(jù)詞匯的褒貶去判斷作者的態(tài)度。4.不能脫離文章的主題。2010Text1OfallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapersduringthepastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.2010Text125.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]NewspapersoftheGoodOldDays[B]TheLostHorizoninNewspapers[C]MournfulDeclineofJournalism[D]ProminentCriticsinMemory2010Text125.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]NewspapersoftheGoodOldDays[B]TheLostHorizoninNewspapers[C]MournfulDeclineofJournalism[D]ProminentCriticsinMemory2010Text125.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]NewspapersoftheGoodOldDays

+[B]TheLostHorizoninNewspapers-[C]MournfulDeclineofJournalism-[D]ProminentCriticsinMemory

+閱讀題型3:細節(jié)信息題細節(jié)信息題在每年的20道題中占有一半的比例，考察文章的具體細節(jié)。正確選項特征定位準確改寫正確正確選項特征2.改寫正確－實詞可以在原文找得到對應。對應包括原詞復現(xiàn)，同義詞替換，同義改寫。－限定語不能隨意增減。2017Text333.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

[A]ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.[B]Itissponsoredby163countries.

[C]Itscriteriaarequestionable.[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.2017Text33Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.2017Text32ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?

干擾選項特征拼湊細節(jié)無中生有答非所問以偏概全正反混淆過于絕對閱讀題型4:例證題2003Text142.Donovan'sstoryismentionedinthetextto________.[A]introducethetopicofonlinespying[B]showhowhefoughtfortheUS[C]giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar[D]honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA2003Text11

WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe"greatgame"ofespionage—spyingasa"profession".ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.2003Text1WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe"greatgame"ofespionage—spyingasa"profession".ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.2003Text1WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe"greatgame"ofespionage—spyingasa"profession".ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.2003Text1WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe"greatgame"ofespionage—spyingasa"profession".ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.2003Text142.Donovan'sstoryismentionedinthetextto________.[A]introducethetopicofonlinespying[B]showhowhefoughtfortheUS[C]giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar[D]honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA例證題______1.判斷題型，定位

例子

出處2.上(下)鎖定

觀點3.正確答案是對

觀點

的改寫4.排除“就例論例”的干擾閱讀題型5:推理引申題推理引申題理解作者字里行間的hidden

meaning，分析已知信息，進行推理和判斷。題干特征Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat____TheauthorindicatesinParagraph1that____Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?正確選項特征正確選項含義深刻，綜合和概括性強。

正確選項一般不會用絕對意義的詞。經(jīng)常包涵often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably等。2017Text332.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that______

[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.

[B]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.

[C]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.2017Text32ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?

推理題要點以文章的事實為推理邏輯。以文章的內在邏輯為推理依據(jù)。只推一步，避免過度推理。閱讀題型6:語意理解題閱讀題型6:語意理解題詞義題句意題提問方式詞義題The

word“…”(line3,Paragraph5)mostprobabalymeans___B.句意題The

sentence“…”(line3,Paragraph5)showsthat_____解題要點根據(jù)題干提示回到原文。向前或向后搜索對考察內容有幫助的句子。推導其與上下文的邏輯關系。對選項篩選，代入原文替換。特別注意絕對不能脫離原文的語境，直接用自己理解的意思去選擇。2017Text1Theword“expedited”(Liner4,Para.5)isclosetinmeaningto

[A]quieter.[B]cheaper.[C]wider.[D]faster.

2017Text15ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.語義題判斷超綱詞還是熟詞。

－結合上下文推斷。

－熟詞切忌僅靠自己已知的意思來確定答案。語義題2.判斷詞性

－向上或向下搜索同詞性的詞。

－結合褒貶來綜合判斷。

－代入法。

新題型標題匹配題（英語一和英語二）

解題步驟：（1）一次性瀏覽A－G七個選項，標記關鍵詞。（2）逐題解決時，每段反復出現(xiàn)的關鍵詞標記出來，提取論點，與選項的關鍵詞進行匹配。（3）排除細節(jié)干擾（4）7個選項中，5個匹配，2個干擾。

A.SetaGoodExampleforYourKidsB.BuildYourKids’WorkSkillsC.PlaceTimeLimitsonLeisureActivitiesD.TalkabouttheFutureonaRegularBasisE.HelpKidsDevelopCopingStrategiesF.HelpYourKidsFigureOutWhoTheyAreG.BuildYourKids’SenseofResponsibilityHowCanaParentHelp?

Youcanstartthisprocesswhentheyare11or12.Periodicallyreviewtheiremergingstrengthsandweaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronanyings,likedifficultyincommunicatingwellorcollaborating.Also,identifythekindsofintereststheykeepcomingbackto,astheseoffercluestothecareersthatwillfitthembest.41HowCanaParentHelp?Kidsneedarangeofauthenticrolemodels–asopposedtomembersoftheirclique,popstarsandvauntedathletes.Haveregulardinner-tablediscussionsaboutpeoplethefamilyknowsandhowtheygotwheretheyare.Discussthejoysanddownsidesofyourowncareerandencourageyourkidstoformsomeideasabouttheirownfuture.Whenaskedwhattheywanttodo,theyshouldbediscouragedfromsaying“Ihavenoidea.”Theycanchangetheirminds200times,buthavingonlyafoggyviewofthefutureisoflittlegood.42HowCanaParentHelp?Teachersareresponsibleforteachingkidshowtolearn;parentsshouldberesponsibleforteachingthemhowtowork.Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouseandmakesurehomeworkdeadlinesaremet.Encourageteenagerstotakeapart-timejob.Kidsneedplentyofpracticedelayinggratificationanddeployingeffectiveorganizationalskills,suchasmanagingtimeandsettingpriorities.43HowCanaParentHelp?Playingvideogamesencouragesimmediatecontent.AndhoursofwatchingTVshowswithcannedlaughteronlyteacheskidstoprocessinformationinapassiveway.Atthesametime,listeningthroughearphonestothesamemonotonousbeatsforlongstretchesencourageskidstostayinsidetheirbubbleinsteadofpursuingotherendeavors.Alltheseactivitiescanpreventthegrowthofimportantcommunicationandthinkingskillsandmakeitdifficultforkidstodevelopthekindofsustainedconcentrationtheywillneedformostjobs.44HowCanaParentHelp?

Theyshouldknowhowtodealwithsetbacks,stressesandfeelingsofinadequacy.Theyshouldalsolearnhowtosolveproblemsandresolveconflicts,waystobrainstormandthinkcritically.Discussionsathomecanhelpkidspracticedoingthesethingsandhelpthemapplytheseskillstoeverydaylifesituations.45信息匹配題（英語二）1.多項對應：本部分為一篇長度為450-550的文章，試題內容分為左右兩欄，左側一欄為5道題目，右側一攔為7個選項。要求在閱讀后根據(jù)文章內容和左側一欄提供的信息從右側一欄中的7個選項中選出對應的5項相關信息。

41.Petrarch 42.NiccoloMachiavellli 43.SamuelSmiles 44.ThomasCarlyle 45.MarxandEngels[A]emphasizedthevirtueofclassicalheroes [B]highlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingartists.[C]focusedonepochalfigureswhoseliveswerehardtoimitate. [D]openedupnewrealmsofunderstandingthegreatmeninhistory. [E]heldthathistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle[F]dismissedvirtueasunnecessaryforsuccessfulleaders. [G]depictedtheworthylivesofengineerindustrialistsandexplorers“Universalhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhasplishedinthisworld，isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere，”wrotetheVictoriansageThomasCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisnot.Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavoritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassingliterarycraze，butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast：lessconcernedwithlearningfromforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today，wewantempathy,notinspiration.FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance，thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemplarylivesofgreatmen.In1337，PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDeVirisIllustribus–OnFamousMen，highlightingthevirtus（orvirtue）ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince，thechampionedcunning，ruthlessness，andboldness，ratherthanvirtue，mercyandjustice，astheskillsofsuccessfulleaders.七選五／排序題（英語一）

解題步驟：（1）一次性瀏覽A－G七個選項，標記關鍵詞。（2）逐題解決時，每段反復出現(xiàn)的關鍵詞標記出來，提取論點，與選項的關鍵詞進行匹配。（3）排除細節(jié)干擾（4）7個選項中，5個匹配，2個干擾。七選五／排序題（英語一）

解題線索：（1）指示代詞。（2）邏輯路標詞。（3）反復出現(xiàn)的關鍵詞。（4）規(guī)律性的數(shù)字、時間、空間變化。七（六）選五大綱樣題LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.41）_____.

七（六）選五大綱樣題[A]Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.[B]Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils,fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.七（六）選五大綱樣題[C]Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayerisformed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.七（六）選五大綱樣題45)_______.About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswasoverandmostofthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammalsthoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings.七（六）選五大綱樣題42)_______Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreservedinrocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownoting.七（六）選五大綱樣題[A]Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown.[D]Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeoverlargeareasoftheworld.[E]Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthestarfishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.七（六）選五大綱樣題[F]Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshelleembeddedandpreserved.[G]Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform.2010PartBDirections:ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableparagra