Unit1Art（語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣）備課資料

Unit1Art語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣備課資料★虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句含義從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式典型例句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞常用were）Would/Should/Could/Might+動(dòng)詞原形IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.如果我有時(shí)間的話，我就參加會(huì)議。與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞常用wereWould/Should/Could/Might+動(dòng)詞原形Ifyoucame,(shouldcome/weretocome)tomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.如果明天你來(lái)，我們就召開(kāi)會(huì)議。Should+動(dòng)詞原形Wereto+動(dòng)詞原形含義從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式典型例句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去完成時(shí)Would/Should/Could/Might+have+過(guò)去分詞Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.如果你聽(tīng)了我的建議的話，你就不會(huì)不及格了。課堂學(xué)習(xí)使用虛擬條件句時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1）當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句所表示的行為和主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)他所表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如：Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.如果你剛才聽(tīng)了我的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就好多了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果以前你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你現(xiàn)在就是大學(xué)生了。2）If省略句在條件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。如：Iwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.→wereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.→hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebusitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing3）用介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句。常用的介詞有with,,without,butfor.如:Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?=Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?有一百萬(wàn)你會(huì)干什么？Withoutyouhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。4）有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是用其它手段來(lái)代替條件句。例如：Iwasillthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.(副詞)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.(連詞)★（1）．表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。這些詞包括：一堅(jiān)持：insist二命令：order,command三建議：suggest,propose,advise四要求：request,require,demand,askShedemandedthatshebekeptinformedofdevelopments.他要求繼續(xù)向他報(bào)告事態(tài)發(fā)展情況。Thedoctoradvisedthathe(should)changehisjob.醫(yī)生勸他換工作。(2).wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句含義從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式典型例句針對(duì)現(xiàn)在表達(dá)愿望（與事實(shí)相反）一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞常用were）IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown.但愿我有一間屬于自己的小實(shí)驗(yàn)室。針對(duì)將來(lái)表達(dá)愿望Would/Could/Might+動(dòng)詞原形Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.我希望你