中文菜譜常見翻譯方法終審稿

中文菜譜常見翻譯方法公司內部檔案編碼：[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]中文菜譜常見翻譯方法中餐菜譜不容易翻譯，原因是中國人的飲食文化比較發(fā)達，對菜名特別講究。菜單翻譯的核心內容是菜用什么原料做成，因為外國人在餐桌上最關心的是吃什么東西。其次要講清楚的是菜的用料，刀法和烹調方法。由此可見，要譯好菜譜，就必須知道一些主要的用料，刀法，烹調方法及某些準備步驟，希望下面的英文翻譯對諸位在翻譯公司工作的同行有所幫助：.常見的用料雞chicken鴨duck鵝goose魚類fish肉類meat豬肉pork牛肉beef小牛肉veal羊肉mutton小羊肉lamb牛尾oxtail里脊fillet排骨spareribs腰子kidney肚子tripe肝liver舌tongue下水offals蹄子trotter胗gizzard雞什giblets鹿肉venison雞脯chickenbreast甲魚turtle海味seafood蝦shrimp干貝scallop螃蟹crab魷魚squid海蟄jellyfish黃鱔finlesseel海螺whelk野味game兔rabbit鴿pigeon鵪鶉quail龍蝦lobster牡蠣oyster田螺snail田雞frog蛇snake腌肉bacon香腸sausage火腿ham熊掌bear,spaw魚翅shark,sfin燕窩bird,snest.煮前的準備工作去骨boning例如，去骨鴨掌打鱗scaling例如，去鱗魚scaledfish剝/去皮skinning例如，去皮田雞skinnedfrogs脫殼shelling例如，蝦仁shelledshrimps腌制pickling例如，咸酸菜pickledvegetables.常用刀法及用料形狀(1)常用刀法切片slice切絲shred切丁dice切柳fillet切碎mince搗爛mash釀入stuff(2)常用用料形狀肉/魚片slicedmeat/fish或meat/fishslices肉絲shreddedmeat或porkshreds肉/雞丁dicedpork/chicken或meat/chickencubes肉末mincedmeat肉丸meatballs肉餡meatfilling.中餐菜單翻譯法(1)直譯法。英譯時把對應的制作方法譯出來，再以該菜的主要原料為中心詞。如：燉牛肉StewedBeef（2）直譯加注法。英譯時直接按中文菜名譯出其意，然后再補充說明其內在含義。如：獅子頭Lion’sHead PorkMeatBalls全家福HappyFamily Acombinationofshrimps,pork,beef,chicken,lobsterandmixedvegetableswithbrownsauce（3）意譯法。此法可分為三種情況：1）原料+with+作料。以原料為中心詞，有時捎帶把烹調法也譯出，再加上用介詞with或in與作料構成的短語即可。如：海米白菜ChineseCabbagewithDriedShrimps魚香肉絲ShreddedPorkwithGarlicSauce2）作料+原料。即把作料用作修飾語，放在中心詞原料的前面。如：咖喔牛肉CurryBeef古老肉Sweet&SourPork3）以“實”對“虛”法。即舍去中菜名里的喻義，夸張等說法而用平直，明白的英語譯出。如：發(fā)財好市BlackMossCookedwithOysters彩鳳喜迎春BakedChickenandFriedQuailEggs螞蟻上樹VermicelliwithSpicyMincedPork龍虎鳳大燴ThickSoupofSnake,CatandChicken）“移花接木”法。借用西方人熟悉并了解的歐洲菜名或主食名來譯部分中菜名與少數(shù)主食，因為它們之間有許多相似之處。譯文地道，通俗易懂，能收到事半功倍的效果。如：烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs餃子Chinese-styleRavioli5)音譯加釋義法。先按中文用拼音譯出，然后再加以解釋性的英譯，使英譯文保留點“中國味”。如：包子Baozi StuffedBun饅頭Mantou SteamedBread6)“隨機應變”法：原料+地名+Style。應用此法可以靈活地處理一些難以對付的地方風味特色菜名。英譯出原料名后，再稍加“點撥”就可以大功告成。如：廣東龍蝦LobsterCantoneseStyle麻婆豆腐BeanCurdSichuanStyle.中餐常見的烹調方法中菜的烹調方法至少有50多種，但大體不離：煮(boiling),煲/燉(stewing)，燒/燜/燴(braising),煎(frying)，炒(stir-frying)，爆(quick-frying)，炸(deep-frying)，扒(fryingandsimmering),煽(sauteing)，煨(simmering),^(smoking)，烤(roasting/barbecuing),烘(baking),蒸(steaming),白灼(scalding)等基本方法。煮boiled.如"煮咸牛肉"(BoiledCornedBeef)煲/燉stewed.如"清燉牛尾"(StewedOxTailinClearSoup)燒braised.如"紅燒牛蹄"(BraisedOxTrottersinBrownSauce)煎(pan-)fried.如"煎明蝦"(FriedPrawns)炒stir-fried如"炒雞丁" (Stir-FriedChickenDices)爆quick-fried.如“蔥爆羊肉"(Quick-friedlambwithScallioninGingerSauce)炸deep-fried.如"炸大蝦"(Deep-friedprawns)扒friedandsimmered.如“蝦子扒海參"(FriedandSimmeredSeaCucumberwithShrimpsRoe)煸sauted.如“干編鱔魚”(SautedEelSlices)煨simmered.如“煨牛肉"(SimmeredBeef)燜braised如“黃酒燜豬排"(Braisedporkchopsinricewine)燴braised如"燴雞絲" (Braisedchickenshredswithpeas)熏smoked如"熏魚"(SmokedFish)烘baked如"烘鴿"(BakedPigeon)蒸steamed如"蒸鮮魚"(SteamedFreshFish)醬/醋marinated如"醬雞"(MarinatedChicken)鹵spicy;stewedingravy如"鹵鴨"(SpicyDuck)涮instant-boiled如"涮羊肉"(Instant-BoiledMuttonSlices)釀stuffed如“釀青椒” (StuffedGreenPepper)烤roast;barbecued如“烤鵝”(RoastGoose)清蒸steamed(inclearsoup)如"清蒸桂魚" (SteamedMandarinFish)清燉stewedinclearsoup如"清燉甲魚"(StewedTurtleinClearSoup)白灼/微煮scalded如"白灼海蝦"(ScaldedPrawns)紅燒braisedinbrownsauce如“紅燒蹄筋” (BraisedPorkTendoninBrownSauce)干燒inpeppersauce如"干燒干貝"(ScallopinPepperSauce)麻辣withhotpepper如"麻辣豆腐"(BeanCurdwithHotPepper/SpiceBeanCurd)醬爆inbeansauce如"醬爆肉丁" (DicedPorkinBeanSauce)魚香in(spicy)garlicsauce如"魚香肉絲"(ShreddedPorkinGarlicSauce)糖醋withsweetandsoursauce如"糖醋排骨"(SpareribswithSweetandSourSauce)宮保withchiliandpeanuts如"宮保雞丁" (DicedChickenwithChiliandPeanuts)脆皮crisp(inspicysauce)如"脆皮魚"(CrispFish)香酥crispfried如"香酥雞"(CrispFriedChicken)焦熘friedinsauce如"焦熠魚片"(FriedFishSlicesinSauce)甜酸sweetandsour如"甜酸肉"(Sweet&SourPork)胡辣withpepperandchili如"胡辣海參"(SeaSlugwithPepperandChili)油淋drip-friedwithoil如"油淋兔"(Drip-FriedRabbitwithoil)干煸dry-sauteed如“干煸季豆"(Dry-sauteedStringBeans)鹽水boiledinsaltwater如"鹽水蝦" (BoiledShrimpsinSaltWater)家常homestyle如“家常豆腐" (BeanCurdHomeStyle)陳皮withspicyorangepeel如"陳皮雞"(ChickeninSpicyOrangePeel)回鍋double-sauteed如"回鍋肉"(Double-sauteedPorkSlices)五香spiced如"五香牛肉"(SpicedBeef)干炸drydeep-fried如"干炸羊肉"(DryDeep-friedLambBreast)軟炸softdeep-fried如“軟炸里脊” (Soft-friedPorkFillet)酥炸crispdeep-fried如“酥炸羊脯” (CrispFriedLambBreast)串烤skewered如“串烤羊肉青椒”(SkeweredMuttonwithGreenPepper)鐵扒grilled如“鐵扒乳鴿" (GrilledBabyPigeon)燒烤roast如"烤乳豬"(RoastSucklingPig)砂鍋incasserole如"砂鍋魚翅"(Shark,sFininCasserole)鍋巴withsizzling/crispyricecrust如“鍋巴海參"(SeaSlugwithSizzling/CrispyRiceCrust)芙蓉witheggwhite如“芙蓉海參"(SeaCucumberswithEggwhite)麻醬withsesamepaste如"麻醬海參"(Beche-de-merwithSesamePaste)三鮮withtwootherdelicacies如"三鮮海參" (SeaCucumberswithOtherTwoDelicacies)醋溜indistilledgrainssauce如“醋溜雞片"(SlicedChickeninDistilledGrainsSauce)涼拌insoysauce如"涼拌海蟄"(JellyfishinSoySauce)酸辣hotandsour如"酸辣黃瓜"(HotandSourCucumber)姜汁ingingersauce如"姜汁扁豆"(SnapBeansinGingerSauce)蠔油inoystersauce如"蠔油香菇"(MushroomsinOysterSauce)蒜泥withmashedgarlic如“蒜泥胡豆” (BroadBeanswithMashedGarlic)什錦mixed;assorted如“什錦絲冬粉”(AssortedShredswithVermicelli)茄汁intomatosauce如"茄汁雞脯" (ChickenBreastinTomatoSauce)咖喔withcurry如“咖喔牛肉" (FriedBeefwithyCurry)八寶(stuffed)witheightdelicacies如“八寶雞" (ChickenStuffedwithEightDelicacies)蔥爆quick-friedwithscallioningingersauce如“蔥爆羊肉”(Quick-friedLambwithScallioninGingerSauce)粉蒸steamedinriceflour如"粉蒸牛肉" (SteamedBeefinRiceFlour)奶油increamsauce如"奶油魚肚"(FriedFishMawinCreamSauce)木犀withscrambledeggsandfungus如“木犀肉" (FriedPorkwithScrambledEggsandFungus)醉liquor-preserved如"醉蟹”(Liquor-preservedCrabs)辣味inchilisauce如“辣味燴蝦" (BraisedPrawnsinRiceWine)豆豉inblackbeansauce如“豆豉桂魚" (MandarinFishinBlackBeanSauce)黃燜braisedinricewine如"黃燜大蝦"(BraisedPrawnsinRiceWine)椒鹽withpepperandsalt如“椒鹽排骨" (SpareRibswithPepperandSalt)怪味multi-flavored如"怪味雞"(Multi-flavoredChicken)西餐(WesternFood)頭盤及沙拉類1腌熏三文魚SmokedSalmon2腌三文魚MarinatedSalmonwithLemonandCapers3凱撒沙拉CaesarSalad4鮮蘑雞肝批ChickenLiverTerrinewithMorels5奶酪瓢蟹蓋BakedStuffedCrabShell6鮮果海鮮沙拉SeafoodSaladwithFreshFruit7廚師沙拉Chef,sSalad8金槍魚沙拉TunaFishSalad9尼斯沙拉SaladNicoise湯類10奶油蘑菇湯CreamofMushroomSoup11奶油胡蘿卜湯CreamofCarrotSoup12奶油蘆筍湯CreamofAsparagusSoup13番茄濃湯TraditionalTomatoSoup14海鮮周打湯SeafoodChowder15法式洋蔥湯FrenchOnionSoup16牛肉清湯BeefConsomm617匈牙利濃湯HungarianBeefGoulash18香濃牛尾湯OxtailSoup19意大利蔬菜湯MinestroneSoup20蔬菜干豆湯HeartyLentilSoup21牛油梨凍湯ChilledAvocadoSoup22西班牙番茄凍湯Gazpacho禽類23紅酒鵝肝BraisedGooseLiverinRedWine24奶酪火腿雞排ChickenCordonBleu25燒瓢春雞卷GrilledStuffedChickenRolls26紅酒燴雞BraisedChickenwithRedWine27烤雞胸釀奶酪蘑菇餡BakedChickenBreastStuffedwithMushroomsandCheese28炸培根雞肉卷Deep-FriedChickenandBaconRolls29水波雞胸配意式香醋汁PoachedChickenBreastwithBalsamicSauce30烤火雞配紅漿果少司RoastTurkeywithCranberrySauce31烤瓢火雞RoastStuffedTurkey32燒烤雞腿BarbecuedChickenLeg33烤檸檬雞腿配炸薯條RoastedLemonMarinadeChickenLegwithFrenchFries34扒雞胸Char-GrilledChickenBreast35咖喔雞ChickenCurry36秘制鴨胸配黑菌炒土豆Pan-friedDuckBreastwithSauteedPotatoesandTruffles牛肉類37紅燴牛肉StewedBeef38白燴小牛肉FricasseedVeal39牛里脊扒配黑椒少司GrilledBeefTenderloinwithBlackPepperSauce40扒肉眼牛排GrilledBeefRib-EyeSteak41西冷牛排配紅酒少司RoastBeefSirloinSteakwithRedWineSauce42T骨牛扒T-BoneSteak43烤牛肉RoastBeef44羅西尼牛柳配苯酒汁BeefTenderloinandGooseLiverwithTruffleandPortWineSauce45青椒汁牛柳BeefTenderloinSteakwithGreenPeppercornSauce46鐵板西冷牛扒SizzlingSirloinSteak47香煎奧斯卡仔牛排Pan-friedVealSteakOscarwithHollandaiseSauce48咖喔牛肉BeefCurry49威靈頓牛柳FilletSteakWellington50俄式牛柳絲BeefStroganoff51燴牛舌BraisedOx-Tongue52紅燴牛膝OssoBucco53黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮VenisonFilletBlackPepperCoatwithWildMushroomandCeleryBrick豬肉類54燒烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs55煙熏蜜汁肋排SmokedSpareRibswithHoney56意大利米蘭豬排PorkPiccatta57瓢餡豬肉卷配黃桃汁StuffedPokeRouladeWithYellowPeachSauce58煎面包腸香草汁Pan-friedSwissMeatLoafwithPestoSauce59炸豬排Deep-FriedPorkChop羊肉類60扒羊排GrilledLambChop61扒新西蘭羊排GrilledNewZealandLambChop62烤羊排配奶酪和紅酒汁RoastLambChopwithCheeseandRedWineSauce63羊肉串LambKebabs64烤羊腿RoastedMuttonLeg魚和海鮮類65海鮮串SeafoodKebabs66扒金槍魚GrilledTunaSteak67扒挪威三文魚排GrilledNorwegianSalmonFillet68三文魚扒配青檸黃油GrilledSalmonwithLimeButter69比目魚柳和扇貝配紅酒核桃汁BraisedSolefillet&SeaScallopswithRedWineandWalnuts70煎比目魚Pan-friedWholeSole71烤三文魚柳配香草汁和黑橄欖醬RoastedSalmonFilletWithPestoBlackOlivePur6e72烤三文魚排意大利寬面和藏紅花汁RoastedSalmonSteakWithTagliatelle&SaffronSauce73煎紅加吉魚排GrilledRedSnapperFillet74黃油檸檬汁扒魚柳GrilledFishFilletinLemonButterSauce75扒大蝦GrillekingPrawns76蒜茸大蝦GrilledKingPrawnswithGarlicHerbButter77巴黎黃油烤龍蝦BakedLobsterwithGarlicButter78奶酪汁龍蝦GratinatedLobsterinMornaySauce79香炸西班牙魷魚圈Deep-FriedSquidRings80荷蘭汁青口貝GratinatedMusselsHollandaiseSauce蛋類81火腿煎蛋FriedEggswithHam82洛林乳蛋餅QuicheLorraine83熘糊蛋ScrambledEggs面、粉及配菜類84海鮮通心粉MacaroniwithSeafood85海鮮意粉SpaghettiwithSeafood86意大利奶酪千層餅CheeseLasagna87什萊奶酪比薩餅PizzaVegetarian88海鮮比薩SeafoodPizza89烤牛肉蘑菇比薩RoastBeefandMushroomPizza90肉醬意大利粉SpaghettiBolognaise91意大利奶酪餛飩CheeseRavioliinHerbedCreamSauce92咖喔海鮮炒飯Stir-FriedSeafoodRicewithCurry93紅花飯SaffronRice94阿拉伯蔬菜黃米飯CouscouswithVegetables95西班牙海鮮飯Paella96牛肉漢堡包BeefBurger97雞肉漢堡包ChickenBurger98美式熱狗AmericanHotDog99俱樂部三文治ClubSandwich100金槍魚三文治TunaFishSandwich101烤牛肉三文治RoastedBeefSandwich102健康三文治HealthySandwich103煙熏三文魚SmokedSalmon104土豆泥MashedPotatoes105里昂那土豆LyonnaisePotatoes106公爵夫人土豆DuchessePotatoes107燴紅椰菜BraisedRedCabbagewithApple甜品西點類108黑森林蛋糕BlackForestCake109英式水果蛋糕EnglishFruitCake110草莓奶酪蛋糕StrawberryCheeseCake111草莓蛋糕StrawberryCake112藍莓奶酪蛋糕BlueberryCheeseCake113美式奶酪蛋糕AmericanCheeseCake114綠茶奶酪蛋糕GreenTeaCheeseCake115意大利提拉米蘇ItalianTiramisu116大理石奶酪蛋糕MarbleCheeseCake117咖啡奶酪蛋糕CoffeeCheeseCake118紅莓松糕CranberryMuffin119干果派MixedNutsPie120藍莓松糕BlueberryMuffin121琳澤蛋糕LinzerCake122芒果木司蛋糕MangoMousseCake123蘋果派ApplePie124草莓酥條StrawberryNapoleonSliced125巧克力榛子蛋糕ChocolateHazelnutCake126巧克力木司ChocolateMousse127水果脆皮酥盒PuffPastrywithFruits128維也納巧克力蛋糕SacherCake129熱情果木司PassionMousse130杏仁多納圈AlmondDonuts131牛奶巧克力多納圈MilkChocolateDonuts132鮮水果配沙巴洋FruitwithSabayon133水果蛋撻FreshFruitTart134白巧克力奶油布丁WhiteChocolateBrulee135綠茶布丁GreenTeaPudding136芒果布丁MangoPudding137熱棗布丁WarmStickyDatePudding138香草布丁VanillaPudding139焦糖布丁CreamCaramel/CaramelCustard140果仁布朗尼WalnutBrownies141咖啡劇本蛋糕CoffeeOperaSlice餅干及其它142手指餅LadyFinger143蝴蝶酥ButterflyCracker144巧克力曲奇ChocolateCookies145爆米花(甜/咸)Popcorn(Sweet/Salt)146香草冰淇淋VanillaIceCream147巧克力冰淇淋ChocolateIceCream148草莓冰淇淋StrawberryIceCream149綠茶冰淇淋GreenTeaIceCream150冰霜Sherbets151冰糖蓮子銀耳羹CandiedLotusSeed&WhiteFungusSoup152草莓奶昔StrawberryMilkShake153巧克力奶昔ChocolateMilkShake154咖啡奶昔CoffeeMilkShake面包類155水果丹麥FruitDanish156牛角包Croissant157袋子包PitaBreadPlain158農夫包FarmerBread159洋蔥包OnionLoaf160全麥包WholeWheatBread161軟包SoftRoll162硬包HardRoll163長法棍FrenchBaguette吐司面包Toast中國小吃英文表達中式早點燒餅Clayovenrolls油條Friedbreadstick韭菜盒Friedleekdumplings水餃Boileddumplings蒸餃Steameddumplings饅頭Steamedbuns割包Steamedsandwich飯團Riceandvegetableroll蛋餅Eggcakes皮蛋100-yearegg咸鴨蛋Saltedduckegg豆?jié){Soybeanmilk飯類稀飯Riceporridge白飯Plainwhiterice油飯Glutinousoilrice糯米飯Glutinousrice鹵肉飯Braisedporkrice