2022屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)高考狀語(yǔ)從句（9種全）講義 Word版含解析

九大狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比擬、讓步等種類。一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：when,as,while,after,before,since,eversince,assoonas,once,till,until,whenever,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when,themoment/minute/instant/second,everytime,eachtime,anytime,thefirsttime,nexttime,lasttime,allthetime,bythetime,directly,immediately,instantly等。1.表示“一?就…”的鬲型assoonas/onceAssoonashearrives,Tilcallyou.他一到,我就給你打電+話。(assoonas側(cè)重時(shí)間或動(dòng)作先后銜接緊,而once側(cè)重條件，表示“一日吟'**—???Zondoingsth/onone's+n.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Onarrivingatthestation,thethiefwasarrested.一到達(dá)車站，這個(gè)小偷就被逮捕了。OnhisarrivalinParis,hewasrecognizedasanobleandthrownintoprison.他一到達(dá)巴黎，就被認(rèn)出是一個(gè)貴族，并被投入監(jiān)獄。3)nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when它們表“一…就”。結(jié)構(gòu)中的否認(rèn)詞放在句首時(shí)，主句要倒裝。(主句都用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。)Nosoonerhadhereachedhomethanitbegantorain.他剛到家，天就開始下雨了。Hardly/ScarcelyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.我一進(jìn)屋，電+話就響了。注意當(dāng)nosooner,hardly,scarcely不放在句首時(shí)，主句不倒裝，如：Ihadnosoonerreachedthebusstopthanthebusstarted.我剛到車站，車就開走了。Ihadscarcely(hardly)enteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.4)themoment,theinstant,theminute,thesecondThemomentIsawhim,Irecognizedhim.我一看見他，就認(rèn)出了他。Wellleavetheminuteyouareready.你一準(zhǔn)備好，我們就出發(fā)。5)有些副詞如：instantly,immediately,directly可用作連詞，后接從②條件狀語(yǔ)從句中：Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.If(itis)so,youwouldbepunished.Unless(itis)repaired,theTVsetisofnouse.③方式狀語(yǔ)從句中：Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.④其他狀語(yǔ)從句中：Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.Fillintheblankswithproperwordswhere(itis)necessary.練習(xí)一、用橫線劃出以下句子中的狀語(yǔ)從句，并指出是哪種狀語(yǔ)從句:Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.ThemoreIcandofortheclass,thehappierFilbe.Hetalksasif(asthough)heknewallaboutit.Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim.shallgototheparkunlessitrains.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.Wherethereiswater,thereislife.Hestudiedhardsothathecouldcatchupwithhisclassmates.Sinceyouareverybusy,Iwon'ttroubleyou.Evenif(though)Ifail.Tilneverloseheart.Onceyoubeginthework,youmustcontinue.willfindherwherevershemaybe.Nowthatyou'vecome,you'dbetterhavedinnerwithusNomatterwhenyoucome,youarewarmlywelcome.As(So)longasyouworkhard,youcancatchupwiththeotherclassmates.二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：Dr.Bethune(白求恩)cametoChinahewasfifty.Hebegantoworkhegotthere.Letsbeginourmeetingeveryoneishere.liketheEnglishpeople,Idon!tliketheirfood..yougoinChina,youcanseesmilingfaces..Hedidn'tcometothelecture,hewasverybusy..wehadenoughtime,wewalkedtothecinema..Theywillhelpyouyoumeetwithdifficulty..wecametotheuniversity,wehavelearntquitealot..1didnftjointhemyesterdayeveningIhadtogotoanimportantmeeting.Wewouldtrytogetacarwecouldalltraveltogethermoreeasily.Shewouldn'tforgethermother!sbirthdaysheseldomwrotetoherfamily.We'redoingeverythingwecantomakethingsaseasyforyouwecan.Themeetingbecamesodisorderlythespeakerhadtoshouttheaudiencedown.Hewasangriereverbefore.youlockallthedoors,hecanstillmanagetogetin.Theboywassotiredhefellasleeponthebus.Hardhetried,hecouldn'tforcethedooropen.Count,butneverstopyoufindthetenth.Thereareseveralreasonsforsleep.Wesleepweneedtodream.therearenoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.Moreandmorepeoplearewillingtoshoponlinetogetwhattheywant,andIamoneofthem.1justcan'thelpbuyingthingsIneedthemornot.wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.hehasdecidedtocometoseeyou,whendoyouthinkhewillcome?Allowchildrenspacetovoicetheiropinionseventheyaredifferentfromyours.Motheroftenremindsmethatthebestthingonecandoitisrainingistoletitrain.Actually,theLondonOlympicparkisbuiltthereusedtobeapoorarecalledEastLondon.Anymeasureofanad'sperformanceisentirelypointlessitcouldbeviewedbyaperson.三、將以下各句括號(hào)內(nèi)的中文譯成英文1.Whenhegotthemoney,（他想怎么花就怎么花）。willgo（你去的任何地方）。（天一黑）,thelightsofthetowngoon.Thethiefwascaught（當(dāng)他正要離開銀行）。（由于我的秘書不在），Ihadagreatmanyletterstoanswer.Itwas（因?yàn)槠囂。﹖hathesoldit.Isenthimtheproposalslastweek（為了使他有時(shí)間考慮）.（盡管他很用功）,henevergetsgoodmarks.Youwon'tshootthetarget（除非你瞄準(zhǔn)）.（不管她讀了多少遍課文）,shecouldn^readitfluently.四、語(yǔ)篇填空MyclassmateMichaelstudiedveryhard1.hewenttoseniorschool.Everydayheworked2.everyoneelseinmyclasslefttheclassroom.Hesaidhewouldn'tstoptrying3.hegotsatisfyingscoresinhisstudies.Hard4.hetried,hemadelittleprogress.Buthedidn'tloseheartatall5.hebelievedaslongashepersistedhewouldsucceedoneday.6.timewentby,hemadeimprovementsinhisstudiesandhewasadmittedtoauniversity,7.wehadverygoodtime.Whenwestood8.weusedtoplayandstudy,wecouldn'thelpthinkingofourhappyolddays.Webelievedwewouldneverforgeteachother,9.wewouldgoorwhateverwewoulddo.答案一、1.when;2.assoonas;3.as;4.though;5.Wherever;6.because;7.Since;8.whenever;9.Since;10.because;11.sothat;12.though;13.as;14.that;15.than;16.Evenif;17.that;18.as三、l.hespentitasheliked2.whereveryougo3.Assoonasitisdark4.ashewasleavingthebank5.Asmysecretarywasaway6.onlybecausethecarwastoosmallsothathemighthavetimetoconsiderthemHardasheworks9.unlessyoutakeaim10.Nomatterhowmanytimesshehadreadthetex句。Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck5.我剛走，鐘就敲了五點(diǎn)。when,while,as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when的用法①when既可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指時(shí)間段(即：從句動(dòng)詞可以是短暫的也可是延續(xù)的)；主從句動(dòng)作可同時(shí)也可先后發(fā)生。IwasthinwhenIwasachild.當(dāng)我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我很瘦。ItwasrainingwhenIarrived.我到達(dá)時(shí)，天正在下雨。②在when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如果從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同或?yàn)閕t,且從句有be動(dòng)詞，那么從句可省主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，如：When(youare)introuble,youcanvisitthisman.當(dāng)你有麻煩時(shí)，可以找這個(gè)人。Sheisalwayslisteningtomusicwhen(sheis)doingherhomework.當(dāng)她做作業(yè)時(shí)，總是聽音樂。③when在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中，譯成“這時(shí)”，它引導(dǎo)的是并列句beabouttodo...when,bedoing...when,haddone???when,beonone'sway...when,beonthepointofdoing...when(參見“連詞”局部when的用法))while用法while只能指一段時(shí)間，從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生主句動(dòng)作，相當(dāng)于duringthetimethat....MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.當(dāng)我在做作業(yè)時(shí)，媽媽在做飯。IamsafewhileIamher已我在這兒的時(shí)候，我很平安。逵while除引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句外，還引導(dǎo)比照句，作“然而”講；并可在句首引出讓步狀語(yǔ)從句作“雖然…但''講。IlikewatchingTV,whilehelikesreading.我喜歡看電視，而他喜歡讀書。Whilehehashisowncar,heoftenusesmine.盡管他自己有車，他卻常用我的。as的用法①as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常可和when換用，但較強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)發(fā)生，多指短暫動(dòng)作。AsIleftthehouse,Iforgotthekey.我離家時(shí)，忘了帶鑰匙。②as還可說明兩種正在開展或變化的情況，”隨著...”的意思、，表時(shí)間的推移。如：AsIgetolder,Igetmoreoptimistic.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我變得更加樂觀。③as表“一邊…一邊…”，引出伴隨動(dòng)作。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他匆忙地回家，邊走邊往后看。④用以強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生。Ashewasgoingout,itbegantorain.當(dāng)他出去的時(shí)候，天開始下雨了。⑤as有時(shí)引出一個(gè)名詞，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Asaboy(whenhewasaboy),hewashopelessatmaths.當(dāng)他是孩子時(shí)，他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)失去希望。before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句①before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句不用否認(rèn)式謂語(yǔ)。Beforetheygottothebusstop,thebushadgone.在他們到達(dá)公共汽車站之前，公共汽車已經(jīng)走了。②在“Itbe+時(shí)間段+before從句”句型中，肯定句譯成“…(之后)才”，否認(rèn)句譯成“…就”。該句型有一般過去時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)三個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，且有否認(rèn)句。Itwillbesometimebefore...do...Itwassometimebefore…did…Itwouldbesometimebefore…did…Itwaslongbefore“?did…“很久才…”Itwasn'tlongbefore.“did…“不久就…”Itwillbemanyyearsbeforethechemicalsstarttoescapefromthecontainers.多年以后化學(xué)物質(zhì)才開始沉著器中逃逸。Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback.不久他就回來了。Itwasalongtimebeforehegottosleepagain.很久他才再次入睡。Itwasaweekbeforehecouldtellhisstory.一個(gè)星期后他才能講述他的經(jīng)歷。Itwasn'tlongbeforehetoldusabouthimself.不久他就給我們講述了他自己的故事?！鴅efore可譯成“未來得及”HehadmeasuredmebeforeIcouldgetaword.我還未來得及插話，他就量好了尺寸?！鴅efore可譯成“趁著還沒”rilwriteitdownbeforeIforget.趁著還沒忘我要把它寫下來。until和till“延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞肯定式+until”表示“動(dòng)作延續(xù)到…為止，”譯為“直到…為止”，如：Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback.我一^直等到他回來?！敖K止性動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)式+until”表示“直到…才”。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhehadfinishedhiswork.直到完成工作他才睡覺。3)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句式“Itisnotuntil...that...”Itwasnotuntiltheprofessorcamethatwebegantheexperiment.在教授到來之后，我們才開始實(shí)驗(yàn)。4)notuntil放在句首時(shí)，主句倒裝。Notuntilhegraduateddidhesucceedinobtainingthiscompound.直到他畢業(yè)他才成功獲得這種化合物。注意句首和強(qiáng)調(diào)句中要用until,而不用till；not...until...句型中不用tillo.since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“自從…時(shí)起”，主句要用完成時(shí)。Mr.Lihasbeenheresincehecameback.自從李先生回來以后，他一直在這兒。Ihaven'theardfromhimsincehelivedhere.自從他住在這兒以來，我就沒有收到過他的來信。I'veknownMr.SmithsinceIwasaboy.我小的時(shí)候就認(rèn)識(shí)史密斯先生了。.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略式當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相同或?yàn)閕t,從句又含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)、從句可省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。在不產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)，連詞也可省去。如：Once(itis)seen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦被看見過，永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)被忘記。二、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句L地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句主要由where,whereveranywhere,everywhere引導(dǎo)。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.我們必須在能找到水的地方露營(yíng)。Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo.無論你到何處我都要跟隨你。.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行I司。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.（where弓I導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)、斗夫語(yǔ)從句）Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.（where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，village為先行詞）三、原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句由because,as,since,now（that）（既然）,inthat（因?yàn)?多于口語(yǔ)中），seeing（that）（鑒于，由于）,consideringthat（考慮到）等引導(dǎo)。Lbecause用來回答why提出的問題，表直接的因果關(guān)系，用于告知對(duì)方不知道的原因，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句。Hedidn'tattendthemeetingbecausehewasill.他沒參加會(huì)議，因?yàn)樗×恕twasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tgowithus.因?yàn)樗胁?，他沒有和我們'一起去。注意because和becauseof的區(qū)別：because是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句,becauseof是短語(yǔ)介詞，后接名詞性詞語(yǔ)，如：Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseitrained.Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseoftherain.因?yàn)橄掠辏闱蛸愌悠诹?。since,as,nowthat引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，不能用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句。①since的語(yǔ)氣比because稍弱，表示關(guān)系上的自然結(jié)果，特別用于原因已經(jīng)清楚了的事情，一般譯成“既然，鑒于"（往往放在主句之前）如：Sinceyouhaveknownthesecret,Ineedn'tsayanythingaboutit.既然你已經(jīng)知道了這個(gè)秘密，我就不必說了。②as語(yǔ)氣最弱，說明一般的因果關(guān)系，表顯而易見的原因或倒果為因的說法（可放在主句之前，亦可放在主句之后），如：Ashedidn'tknowmuchEnglish,hegotouthisdictionaryandlookeduptheword“cough”.他對(duì)英語(yǔ)懂得不多，他拿出字典查找“cough”這個(gè)詞。Asthegroundiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.（倒果為因）昨晚一定下了雨，地面是濕的。③nowthat用來說明一種新情況，然后加以推論。nowthat放句首時(shí)that可省略：Now（that）everybodyishere,letsbegin.for也可以表示原因，屬并列連詞，不是說明直接原因，而是對(duì)某種情況加以推斷，表示補(bǔ)充說明理由。而推斷的理由會(huì)因人而異。語(yǔ)氣很弱，它引出的分句必須放在另一分句后。Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday..原因狀語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可以用分詞形式表現(xiàn)。Ashewasblind,hecouldn!tseeanything.Beingblind,hecouldnftseeanything.四、條件狀語(yǔ)從句.由if,unless(if...not)9so/aslongas9supposing(that)(假設(shè)),incase(萬(wàn)',以防???),so/asfaras(就???而言),onconditionthat(條件是...),provided/providing(that)(假假設(shè))引導(dǎo)。Tellmeaboutitifyouhavetime.Iwon!tgounlessI'minvited.Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitrains.Youmayusetheroomas/solongasyoucleanitupafterwards.."祈使句+and/or/orelse/otherwise+陳述句”的句型中，祈使句在意義上實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Useyourhead,andyou'llfindaway.Hurryuporelse(otherwise)you'llbelate..ifonly也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，只不過較少使用而已。onlyif也引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“只有在?..條件下”If(only)itclearsup,Iwillgo..條件狀語(yǔ)從句中一般要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表將來。Iwillgoifyougo..條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略問題1)從句主語(yǔ)為it,又有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以省略從句中主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.Ifso,youmustgetbackandgetit.還有諸如ifnecessary"如果有必要"，ifany"如果有"，ifinneed“假設(shè)需要2)如果if從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞又有be,可以把從句中的主語(yǔ)和be省略掉。If(wateris)heated,watersendsoutsteam..條件句中的虛擬與倒裝①if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句假設(shè)與過去或現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不符，或?qū)ξ磥磉M(jìn)行不可能的假設(shè)，就要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。(詳見虛擬語(yǔ)氣局部)②省略if的虛擬條件從句：假設(shè)條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有were,had或should,可以把if省去，而把were,had或should移到主語(yǔ)前構(gòu)成倒裝。HadIarrivedthereearlier,Iwouldhaveseenhim.Wereitnotforhim,Iwouldnothavethechancetogohome.Shouldhebeheretomorrow,Iwouldgivehimahand.五、目的狀語(yǔ)從句由sothat（以便），inorderthat（為了）,forfearthat（=incase）（以免），lest（以防）引導(dǎo)，謂語(yǔ)常含may,might,can,could,will,would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveatthestationingoodtime.Illspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstand.Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat（lest）hewouldforget.★當(dāng)從句與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可用todo,soastodo,inordertodo結(jié)構(gòu)換用。Heworkeddayandnightinorderthathecouldsucceed.Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.六、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句L常用的連詞有sothat,so…that,such…that,that（帶古英語(yǔ)痕跡）。（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中一般無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）Hehadoversleptsothathewaslateforwork.MypenfellundermydeskthatIcouldn'tseeit..so/such???that所用句式①so+adj（adv）+that從句TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.②so+adj+a/an+單名+that從句=sucha/an+adj.+單名+that從句Sheissobeautifulagirlthatalltheboysofourclasslikeher.=Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthatalltheboysofourclasslikeher.③somany/few+復(fù)名+that從句somuch/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that從句Therearesomanyapplesonthedeskthatweeachhaveone.Thereissolittlewaterthatyoucan'tdrink.④such+a/an+adj+單名+that從句Sheissuchagoodgirlthatshecanhelpyou.⑤such+adj+復(fù)名/不可數(shù)名+that從句Itwassuchbadweatherthatweallstayedhome.Hehassuchinterestingbooksthathekeepsreadingallday.注意little表“小，可愛”時(shí)，用such不用so修飾。Heissuchalittleboythathispatentsoftenteachhimsomething.

七、方式狀語(yǔ)從句由as,asif(asthough)引導(dǎo)。Doasyoulike.Hespokeasifhehadbeentherebefore.注意asif,asthough從句與事實(shí)相反時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與事實(shí)相符,不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。八、比擬狀語(yǔ)從句①常用連詞than,as…as…，notas/so…asHeranasfarashecould.I'mnotas/sotallashe/him.ShestudiesharderthanI（study）.②themore...themore...引導(dǎo)，且經(jīng)常以省略形式出現(xiàn)Theharderyoutry,thebetteryouwillunderstand.九、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句由though,although,as,evenif/though,nomatterwh-,wh-ever詞，whether...or(不管...都)，when,while等引導(dǎo)。though,although這兩個(gè)連詞用法基本一樣，只是前者口語(yǔ)化,后者較正式，常位于句首，都不與but連用，但可以和yet,still,nevertheless連用。though還可作副詞單獨(dú)放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。AlthoughtheTVsetisverydear,Istillwanttobuyit.Though/Althoughhewaswornout,hekeptonworking.2.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí),2.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí),從句局部用倒裝語(yǔ)序,句型為:①形容詞/副詞/名詞+as+主+謂②動(dòng)詞+as+主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Childasheis,heknowsalot.Proudasthesenoblesare,theyare