《大學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)》第九部分 附錄

PAGEPAGE273附錄附名稱符號(hào)數(shù)值和單位真空中的光速基本電荷電子質(zhì)量中子質(zhì)量質(zhì)子質(zhì)量原于質(zhì)量常量普朗克常量阿伏加德羅常數(shù)摩爾氣體常量玻耳茲曼常量萬(wàn)有引力常量法拉第常量里德伯常量洛喜密德常量電子荷質(zhì)比經(jīng)典電子半徑電子靜止能量質(zhì)子靜止能量電子的康普頓波長(zhǎng)玻爾磁矩玻爾半徑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓下理想氣體的摩爾體積真空電容率真空磁導(dǎo)率冰點(diǎn)絕對(duì)溫度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下聲音在空氣中的速度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下干燥空氣密度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下水銀密度鈉光譜中黃線波長(zhǎng)cehNARKGFR?ne/meVC2.99792458×108m﹒1.60217733(49)×10-9.1093897(54)×10-311.67492716×10-271.6726231(10)×10-271.66053873×10-276.6260755(40)×10-34J.S6.0221367(36)×1023mol-18.314472J﹒mol-1﹒K-11.380658(12)×10-23J﹒K-16.67259(85)×10-11m3﹒kg-1﹒s96485.3415C﹒mol-11.0973731568548×1072.6867775×1025m1.758820174×1011C﹒kg2.817940285×10-150.510998902MeV938.271998MeV2.426310215×10-129.27400899×10-24J﹒T-15.291772083×10-111.01325×105Pa22.413996×10-3m3﹒8.854187817X10-12F﹒m1.2566370614×10-6N﹒A-2273.15K331.45m﹒1.293kg13505.04kg﹒589.3nm附（相對(duì)濕度）干球溫度計(jì)讀數(shù)/℃干濕溫度計(jì)讀數(shù)差/℃01234567891002468101214161820222426283010081634528111008468513520100857056422814100867360473523101008775635140281871008876655444342414410089786857483829201110090797060514233251791009081716254453730221510091827364564841342620100918374665951443730241009283766861544740342810092847769625649433731100928578716458504540341009385787265595348423710093867973676155504439附表3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓下不同溫度時(shí)水的密度溫度t/℃密度/kgm-3溫度t/℃密度/kgm-3溫度t/℃密度/kgm-3012345678910111213141516999.841999.900999.941999.965999.973999.965999.941999.902999.849999.781999.700999.605999.498999.377999.244999.099998.9431718192021222324252627282930313233998.774998.595998.40599B.203997.992997.770997.638997.296997.044996.783996.512996.232995.944995.646995.340995.025994.7023435363738394041425060708090100994.371994.031993.68993.33992.96992.59992.21991.83991.44988.04983.21977.78971.80965.31958.35附表4在20℃物質(zhì)密度/103kgm-3物質(zhì)密度/103kgm-3鋁銅鐵銀金鎢鉑鉛錫水銀鋼石英2.708.947.8610.5019.2719.3021.4511.347.3013.5467.60—7.902.50—2.80水晶玻璃窗玻璃冰(0℃)甲醇乙醇乙醚汽油松節(jié)油變壓器油甘油蓖麻油2.90—3.002.40—2.700.80—0.920.790.7890.710.66—0.750.870.84—0.891.2610.96—0.97附表5海平面上不同緯度處的重力加速度緯度/(·)g/(m﹒s-2)緯度/(·)g/(m﹒s-2)0510152025303540459.780669.781069.782239.784149.786749.789959.793669.797769.802149.806655055606570758085909.811169.815549.819649.823359.826569.829169.831079.832249.83264附表6在20℃時(shí)某些金屬的楊氏模量金屬楊氏模量Y/(GPa)Y/(N﹒m-2)鋁鎢鐵鋼金銀鋅鎳鉻合金鋼碳鋼康鋼70.00～71.00415.0190.00～210.0105.0～130.079.0070.00～82.00800.0205.0240.0～250.0210.0～220.0200.00～210.0163.0(7.000～7.1000)×10104.150×1011(1.900～2.100)×1011(1.050～1.300)×10117.900×1010(7.000～8.200)×10108.000X10102.050×1011(2.400～2.500)×1011(2.100～2.200)×1011(2.000～2.100)×10111.630×1011附表7在20℃液體液體航空汽油(在10℃時(shí))石油煤油松節(jié)油水肥皂溶液弗里昂—12蓖麻油21302428.872.75409.036.4甘油水銀甲醇(在0℃時(shí)乙醇(在60℃時(shí)(在0℃時(shí)6351322.624.522.013.424.1附表8不同溫度時(shí)與空氣接觸的水的表面張力系數(shù)溫度/℃溫度/℃溫度/℃056810111213141575.6274.9074.7674.4874.2074.0773.9273.7873.6473.481617181920212223242573.3473.2073.1572.8972.7572.6072.4472.2872.1271.963040506070809010071.1569.5567.9066.1764.4162.6060.7458.84附表9液體的粘度液體溫度/℃液體溫度/℃汽油乙醇甲醇乙醚變壓2e油蓖麻油葵花于油018—200200200202010201788530278017801190817584296243198002.42×10650000甘油蜂蜜魚甘油水銀一2002010020802080—200201001.34×1081.21×1081.499×lO11129456.50×1061.00×1054560046001855168515541224附表10不同溫度時(shí)水的粘度溫度/℃溫度/℃0102030405017871304100480165354960708090100469406355315282附表11固體的線脹系數(shù)物質(zhì)溫度或溫度范圍/℃物質(zhì)溫度或溫度范圍/℃鋁銅鐵金銀鋼(0.05％碳)康銅鉛0～1000～1000～1000～1000～1000～1000～1000～10023.817.112.214.319.612.015.229.2鋅鉑鎢石英玻璃窗玻璃花崗石瓷器0～1000～1000～10020～20020～2002020～700329.14.50.59.56.93.4～4.1附表12固體的比熱物質(zhì)溫度／℃比熱容鋁黃銅銅鉑生鐵鐵鉛鎳銀鋼鋅玻璃冰202020200—100202020202020—40—00.2140.09170.0920.0320.130.1150.03060.1150.0560.1070.0930.14—0.220.430.8950.3800.3850.1340.540.4810.1300.4810.2340.4470.3890.585～0.9201.797附表13液體的比熱容液體溫度／℃比熱容乙醇甲醇乙醚水弗利昂—12變壓器油汽油水銀02002020020200—10010500202.302.472.432.472.344.2204.1820.841.881.422.090.14650.13900.550.590.580.590.561.0090.9990.200.450.340.500.03500.0332附表14一些金屬或合金的電阻率及其溫度系數(shù)金屬或合金電阻率/溫度系數(shù)金屬或合金電阻率溫度系數(shù)鋁銅銀金鐵鉛鉑鎢0.0280.01720.0160.0240.0980.2050.1050.05542×10-443×10-440×10-440×10-460×10-437×10-439×10-448×10-4鋅錫水銀武德合金鋼(0.10％～0.15％)康銅銅錳鎳合金鎳鉻合金0.0590.120.9580.520.10～0.140.47～0.510.34～1.000.98～1.1042×10-444×10-410×10-437×10-46×10-3(-0.04～0.01)×10-3(-0.03～0.02)×10-3(0.03～0.4)×10-3附表15不同溫度時(shí)干燥空氣的聲速溫度/℃01234567896050403020100—10—20—30—40—50—60—70—80—90366.05360.51354.89349.18343.37337.46331.45325.33319.09312.72306.22299.58292.79286.84278.72271366.60361.07355.46349.75343.95338.06332.06324.71318.45312.08305.56298.91292.11285.14278.00270.67367.14361.62356.02350.33344.54338.65332.66324.09317.82311.43304.91298.24291.42284.43277.27269.92367.69362.18356.58350.90345.12339.25333.27323.47317.19310.78304.25297.56290.73283.73276.55269.18368.24362.74357.15351.47345.70339.91333.87322.84316.55310.14303.58296.89290.03283.02275.82268.43368.78363.29357.71352.04346.29340.43334.47322.22315.92309.49302.92296.21289.34282.30275.09267.68369.33363.84358.27352.62346.87341.02335.07321.60315.28308.84302.26295.53288.64281.59274.36266.93369.87364.39358.83353.19347.44341.61335.67320.97314.64308.19301.59294.85287.95280.88273.62266.17370.42364.95359.39353.75348.02342.20336.27320.34314.00307.53300.92294.16287.