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2009年度全國職稱英語等級(jí)考試?yán)砉ゎ悾ˋ級(jí))真題及答案

第1部分:詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1~15題,每題1分,共15分)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有橫線,請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。

1Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining?

AeverlastingBlong

CtemporaryDboring

2Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.

AshakenBdamaged

CfallenDjumped

3Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.

AfaithfulBroyal

CgenuineDsincere

4Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.

AattractionBsimplicity

CpowerDrigor

5Tenyearsaftertheevent,herdeathstillremainsapuzzle.

AmistBfog

CmysteryDsecret

6Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation,

AannoyedBtroubled

CangeredDaroused

7Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated.

AborrowedBpurchased

CrewrittenDcopied

8Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch

AfastenedBencouraged

CraisedDinitiated

9Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney

AsomeBlittle

CextraDenough

10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme.

ApatientsBmiracles

CillnessDrecovery

11Mary'sperpetualmoaningnearlydrovememad.

AmonotonousBendless

CseriousDbitter

12Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment

AoldBunforgettable

CfunnyDunfair

13Youdidn'tadheretotheseprinciples.

AfollowBorder

CproveDhandle

14Thefarmersalsowanttousethewatertoirrigatethebarrenland.

AemptyBhairless

CbareDsmooth

15Anyonewhowantstoapplyforaloanneedreadthefollowingspecifications.

AexpressionsBwarnings

CinstructionsDadvertisements

第2部分:閱讀判斷(第16~22題,每題1分,共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷:如果該句提供的是正確信息,請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息,請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及,請(qǐng)選擇C.

Water-theIssueofThisCentury

Theworldisrunningshortoffreshwater.Populationsaregrowingbiggerand

Thirstier(渴的),withtheresultthatfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarce(缺乏)。Halftheworld'swetlandshavedisappearedduringthelastcentury,whileestimatessuggestthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.

TheWorldBankreportestimatesthatasmuchashalfoftheworld'spopulation,concentratedinAfrica,theMiddleEastandsouthAsia,willface'severewatershortages'by2025.Localwaterconflictsandthelossoffreshwaterecosystemsappearlargeinsomeregions.

Asimilarpictureemergesfromtheglobe'ssaltwaterregions.Three-quartersoftheworld'speoplemaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025,puttingevenmorepressureonstretchedcoastalecosystems.Twothirdsoffisheries(漁業(yè))areexploitedatorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits,andhalftheworld'scoralreefs(珊瑚礁)mayperishin100years.Almost60%ofcoralreefsand34%offishspeciesareatriskfromhumanactivities,theBanksays.

Thereportconcludesthatthereisampleevidencetojustifyimmediateandcoordinatedactiontosafeguardsuppliesandusewatermoreefficiently.

Freshwaterconsumptionisrisingquickly,andtheavailabilityofwaterinsomeregionsislikelytobecomeoneofthemostpressingissuesofthe21stcentury.

Athirdoftheworld'spopulation-aroundtwobillionpeople-liveincountriesthatareexperiencingmoderatetohighwatershortages.Thatproportioncouldrisetohalformoreinthenext30yearsunlessinstitutions(制度)changetoensurebetterconservationandallocationofwater.

Chinaisonecountrywheretheportents(征兆)aregloomy.Themostwater-stressedcountryinEastAsia,Chinaisexploiting44%ofitsusablewater,afigureprojectedtoriseto60%by2020.Primarywithdrawalofwaterofmorethan60%iswidelyconsideredbywaterexpertstoexceedtheenvironmentalcarryingcapacityofariverbasinsystem.AlthoughChina'stotaluseappearsstilltobereasonable,ithasseveralbasinsthatareseverelystressedenvironmentally.

WithdrawalsexceedenvironmentallimitsinAfghanistanandPakistan,andwillexceedtheminIndiaby2020.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,onlyMoroccohasunexploitedwaterresources.Theresthaveexceededenvironmentallimitsandmanyareminingaquifers(蓄水層)-bodiesofwater-bearingrock-thereportsays.

16Itisestimatedthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17Mostdevelopedcountrieswillfacewatershortagesin20years.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Mostoftheworld'spopulationmaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19Almostallcoralreefsmaydisappearin100years.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20SomespeciesoffishintheAtlanticareatdangerouslylowlevels.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21TheWorldBankreportimpliesthaturgentactionshouldbetakentoprotectwatersupplies.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22Indiaexceedsenvironmentallimitsforwateruse.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分:概括大意與完成句子(第23~30題,每題1分,共8分)

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù):(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1~4段每段1選擇個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Chimpanzees

1Chimpanzees(黑猩猩)willsoonbeextinct(滅絕)。Ifthepresentrateofhuntingandhabitat(棲息地)destructioncontinues,thenwithin20years,therewillbenochimpanzeeslivinginthewild.Butthisismorethananenvironmentalormoraltragedy(悲劇)。Chimpanzeeextinctionmayalsohaveprofoundimplications(含意)forthesurvivaloftheirdistantrelatives-humanbeings.2In1975thebiologistMarie-ClaireKingandAllanWilsondiscoveredthatthehumanandchimpanzeegenomes(基因組)matchbyover98%.Comparethistothemouse,

usedasmodelforhumandiseaseinlabtests,whichsharesonly60%ofitsDNAwithus.Infact,chimpanzeesarefarmoresimilartohumansthantheyaretoanyotherspeciesofmonkey.Aswellasresemblingusgenetically,chimpsarehighlyintelligentandabletousetools.Thesefactsaloneshouldbeenoughtomakeprotectionofchimpsanurgentpriority(優(yōu)先)。Butthereisanother,moreselfishreasontopreservethechimp.

3Thechimpanzees'trumpcard(王牌)comesinthefieldofmedicalresearch.Chimpanzeesaresosimilartohumansthatveterinarians(獸醫(yī))oftenrefertohumanmedicaltextbookswhentreatingthem.Yetchimpanzeesdoshowdifferencesinseveralkeyareas.Inparticular,chimpsaremuchmoreresistanttoanumberofmajordiseases.Itisthisabilitythatissointeresting.

4Forexample,chimpsseemtoshowamuchhigherresistancethanhumanstoHIV,thevirusthatcausesAIDS.Indeed,theiruseasexperimentalanimalsinAIDSresearchhasdeclinedbecausetheyaresoresistant.

5Bysequencingthechimpgenomeandpinpointing(找到)theplacewherethechimpanzeeDNAsequencediffersfromthatofhumans,scientistshopetobeabletodiscoverwhichpartofthegeneticcodegiveschimpstheirincreasedresistancetosomediseases.This,theyhope,willallowthemtodevelopnewandmoreeffectivetreatmentsforthehumanformsofthesediseases.Suchtreatmentscouldincludetheproductionofnewdrugsoreventhealteration(改變)ofthehumangeneticsequence.Therecentlycompletedhumangenomesequencingprojecthasshownthatsuchaneffortisnowwellwithinourreach.

23Paragraph1。

24Paragraph2。

25Paragraph3。

26Paragraph4。

AReasonsforHIVresistance

BImplicationsofchimpanzeeextinctionforhumans

CEffectiveAIDStreatment

DGeneticsimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans

EChimps'resistancetoHIV

FGeneticdifferencesbetweenchimpsand“humans

27Chimpanzeeextinctionmayaffect。

28Thereisadifferenceoflessthan2%betweenthechimpand。

29Scientistssuspectthatgenesplayasignificantroleinprotectingchimpsfromgetting。

30Thediscoveryofthegeneticcodeofchimpswillbehelpfulto。

Asomehumandiseasetreatments

Bsomediseases

Chumansurvival

Dhumangenomes

Ekeyareas

Fhealthierlifestyle

第4部分:閱讀理解(第31~45題,每題3分,共45分)

下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

31The“YouthEmancipation”programaimsathelpingyoungpeople

Afightforfreedom.

Bliveinanindependentway.

Cfightagainstsocialinjustice.

Dgetridoffamilyresponsibilities.

32Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatfamilytiesarestrongerinPortugalthanin

AFinland.

BGreece.

CSpain.

DItaly.

33Youngpeople'sfamilydependencecanbeattributedtoallthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT

Aparents'tolerance.

Bhousingproblems.

Cculturaltraditions.

Dunwillingnesstogetmarried.

34Whichofthefollowingstatementsis,NOTtrueofDionisioMasso?

ASheis60yearsold.

BShehasaboyfriend.

CShehasthreechildren.

DShelivesinMadrid.

35Thephrase“waryof”inparagraph8couldbebestreplacedby

Atiredof.

Bafraidof.

Ccautiousabout.

Dworriedabout.

第二篇

36Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutbirdsongs?

AFemalezebrafinchesaretooshytosingbeforemales.

BMalezebrafinchessinglouderthanfemales.

CFemalezebrafinchesliketolistentounknownmalessing.

DMalezebrafincheschangetheirsongstoattractfemales.

37Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheirstudyoffemalezebrafinches?

AFemalefinchesonlylikedsongsmalefinchessangfortheirmates

BFemalefincheslikedsongsmalefinchessangforthem.

CFemalefincheslikedtolistentosongsfrombothspeakers,

DFemalefincheschosethebestmalesingersastheirmates.

38Whatismeantby“concertsongs”inparagraph?

ASongssungbyzebrafinchesataconcert.

BSongssungbyfemalefinchesformalefinches.

CSongssungbymalefinchesforfemalefinches.

DSongssungbymalefinchestootherfinches.

39Theexpression“directedcommunication”inthelastparagraphmeanscommunicationinwhich

Athemessagesenderhasaspecificaudience.

Bthecommunicatorsendsmessagestohimself.

Ctwwocommmuniccatorsssenddmesssagestoeaachotther.

Dmoothersstalkktottheirbabieesintheirrmothhertoongue..

40WWhichofthhefolllowinngcannbesttrefllecttthethhemeooftheepasssage?

AChhirpinngawaay.

BZeebraffincheesanddtheiirliffe.

CBiirdsonngsasscommmunicaation..

DFrrequennciesofbiirdsonngs.

第三篇

TheRobottMan

AccoordinggtoHHansMMoraveec,univversallrobootswiilltaakeovverallltheephyssical

41WWhatwwillbbetheedisttinctiivefeeatureeofttheseecondgenerrationnroboots?

AThheywiillbeeableetorrecognnizesspeechhesanndtexxts.

BThheywiillbeeableetollearnbythhemsellves.

CThheywiillbeeableetoppredicctprooblemss.

DThheywiillbeeableetommatchhumannreassoninggandbehavvior.

42WWhichofthhefolllowinngstaatemenntsisstrueeoftthefuuturerobotts?

AThheywiillreelieveeusoofmannychoores.

BThheywiilltaakeovverthheinfformattioniindusttry.

CThheywiillneeverssurpasssus..

DThheywiillbeecomehigh--costcommoodityitemss.

43TTheauuthor''smaiinpurrposeistoo

AdeescribbetheelifeeofHHansMMoraveec.

Bsuupportttheviewthatrobottswilllplaayammajorroleinouurliffe.

CmaakefuunofthevviewsofHaansMooravecc.

Dgeetpeoopleppreparredfoortheethreeatofffutuureroobots..

44TThewoord“plummmet”inpparagrraph66meanns

Adeecreasse.

Bsttretchh.

Cexxtend..

Dgrrow.

45WWhatddoesMMoraveecthiinkoffthessefutturerrobotss?

AThheywiillloookliikeprreviouusbioologiccalchhildreen

BThheywiillbeehumaans'mmind-cchildrren.

CThheywiillcrreateadanngerouusworrld.

DThheywiillruulethheworrld.

第5部分分:補(bǔ)全短文文(第46~50題,每題2分,共10分)

下面的短短文有5處空白,短短文后有6個(gè)句子,其其中5個(gè)取自短文文,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短短文內(nèi)容將其其分別放回原原有位置,以以恢復(fù)文章原原貌。

MyLLifeaatRennda

Ileearneddveryyquiccklytthatbbeingateaachinggassiistantt(TA)atttheUnniverssityoofIowwawouuldbeediffferenttfrommbeinngatteacheeratRenmiinUniiversiity.

(46)Eyessstarring,moutthsoppen,studdentsexamiinedmmybiggnosee,whilleIwwaswrritinggmynnameoontheeblacckboarrd.

AtIIowa,whennmyffirstclasssesbeegan,halffofmmystuudentssstilllhaddn'taarriveed.Whhenevveryonnefinnallyfounddaseeat,ringgingccellphhonesandlloudyyawns(哈欠)inteerrupttedmyyopenningrremarkks.IttisnnotthhatAmmericaanstuudentsswereedisrrespecctful..(47)Theyyweree,howeever,farmoreskeptticalthanthesstudenntsIhadaatRennda.TThetrruthiisIccouldnn'tfaaulttthemfforthheirsskeptiicism..UndeergradduatessatllargeUSuniiversiities-esppecialllyfrreshmeenanddsophhomorees-ooftenhaveseverralcllassessaseemesteerhanndledbyTAAs.Innsomeecasees,theTAseetsthhecouurseccontennt.(48)Mostthaveegooddinteentionns,butveryfewaareasseffeectiveeaspprofesssors..

Everryteaacherhasttoconnfronttobsttaclesstollearniing-nomaatterwhatthecculturre.Sttudenttswhootalkkduriingleecturees,studdentswhoccheat,studdentswhoqquestiionthhegraadethheygeetforrapaaperoorprooject-deaalingwiththeseeisaallpaartoffthejob.(49)

Thediffeerencee,Ithhink,istthatiintheeUSIIhadtoswwallowwmoreeofmmypriide.(50)

Ihaadarresponnsibillityttoteaachthhem,ofccoursee,butIhaddtoddosoindirrectlyy-asaguiidewhhohimmselfhadaafewthinggstolearnnfrommthestudeents.

AInnmysstudennts'mminds,Ihaadlitttlettooffferthhem,exceeptpeerhapsssomeesampplequuestioonsfoortheemid--termexam..

BInnotheers,theTAwoorksaasaggraderranddiscuussionnleadder.

CIencouuntereedtheeseinnChinna,andIfaccedthheminntheUS.

DOnntheotherrhandd,beinngtauughtbbyaggraduaatesttudenttisnnotneecessaarilybad.

EMoostweerepoolite,oraatleaast,indiiffereent.

FBaackattRendda,Ihaadwallkediintommyfirrstcllassessfeellingllikeaaceleebrityy

第6部分分:完形填空空(第51~55題,每題1分,共15分)

下面的短短文有15處空白,請(qǐng)請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)內(nèi)容為每處空空白確定一個(gè)個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

SharrksPeerformmaSeerviceeforEarthh'sWaaters

Itiisharrdtogetppeopleetotthinkofshharksasannythinngbuttadeeadlyenemyy.Theeyareethouughttto(51)peopplefrrequenntly.Althooughtthesefishperfoormavaluaable(52)forearthh'swaatersandfforhuumanbbeingss,busiinessandssportfishiingarrethrreatenningttheir(53)。Asaaresuult,someesharrksarreatriskofdiisappeearinggfrommEartth.

Warmmweatthermmayinnfluennceboothfiishanndshaark(54)。Manyyfishhswimmnearrcoasstalaareasbecauuseofftheiir(55)wateers.EExperttssayysharrksmaayfolllowtthefiishinntothhesammeareeas,(56)peoppleallsoswwim.IInfacct,mosttsharrksdoonotpurpooselycharggeatorbiitehuumans..Theyyarethougghttoomisttakeaapersson(57)aseeaaniimal,suchhasaaseall(海豹)orssealiion.TThatiiswhyypeoppleshhouldnotsswimiintheeoceaanwheentheesungoesdownorcoomesuup,becaausetthosearetthetiimeswwhenssharkssarelookiingfoor(58)。Expeertsaalsossaythhatbrrightcolorrsanddshinnyjewwelry(珠寶)maycauseesharrkstooattaack.

Ashharkhhasannextrremelyy'gooodsennseoff(59),withhwhicchitcanffindssmallamounntsoffsubsstanceesinwaterr,suchhasbblood,bodyyliquuidsaandchhemicaals(60)byaanimalls.Thheseppowerffulseenseshelpsharkksfinndtheeirfoood.SSharksseatfish,any(61)sharkks,andplanttsthaatlivveintheoocean..

Mediicalrresearrchersswantttollearnmoreabouttthesharkk'sboodydeefenseeandimmunne(免疫的)(62)

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