初中數(shù)學名詞中英文對照1

初中數(shù)學英語名詞positive['paz3tiv]number正數(shù)rational['r比J^n!]number有理數(shù)origin[bvdsin]原點absolute['apozit]value['v比lju]絕對值basenumber底數(shù)approximate[o'praksomit]number近似數(shù)monomial[mo'nomiol]單項式degreeofamonomial單項式的次數(shù)term[t^m]項negative「nwgotiv]number負數(shù)numberaxis[Eksis]數(shù)軸opposite['apozit]number相反數(shù)power['paus]乘方，幕exponent[ik'sponont]指數(shù)significant[sig'nifokont]digit有效數(shù)字coefficient[,koi'fiJont]系數(shù)polynomial[,pali'nomiol]多項式constant['kanstont]term常數(shù)項degreeofapolynomial[,pali'nomiol]多項式次數(shù)equation['kanstont]方程integral['intogrol]expression[ik'sprwjon]整式solution[so'luJon]解linear['linis]equation[i'kweJon]withoneunknown一元一次方程net展開圖geometric[dsio'mwtrik]solidgeometric[dsio'mwtrik]solid['salid]figure['figjs]立體圖形solid['salid]體surface['s歹fis]面intersection[,ints'swkjon]相交center中點distance距離complementary[,kamplo'mwntori]angle余角figure['figjs]幾何圖形planefigure['kanstont]平面圖形line線point點pointofintersection焦點angle「利g!]角angular['比?gjols]dissector角平分線degree度supplementary[,sAplo'mentori]angle補角congruent「kaggruont]figures全等形symmetric[si'mwtrik]figure軸對稱圖形congruenttriangles['trai,比°g!]全等三角形axisofsymmetry「simitri]對稱軸symmetricpoints對稱點radicand['r比d^,k比nd]被開方數(shù)perpendicular[,p歹pBn'dikjBls]bisector[bai'swkt"]垂直平分線graph[gr比f]圖象isosceles[ai'sas!,iz]triangle等腰三角形variable['vwri3b!]變量equilateral[,ikwi'l比Wl]triangle等邊三角形constant['kanstont]常量arithmetic[o'riOmotik]square[skwwr]root算術平方根realnumber實數(shù)squareroot平方根/二次方根extraction[ik'str比kj^n]ofsquareroot開平方cube[kjub]root立方根/三次方根extractionofcuberoot開立方radical['r比dik!]exponent[ik'sponont]根指數(shù)irrational[i'r^jon!]number無理數(shù)function['fAgkj9n]函數(shù)independent[,indi'pwnd3nt]variable自變量proportional[pro'porjon!]function正比例函數(shù)linear['lini*function一次函數(shù)formula「fnrmjBb]forthedifferenceofsquares平方差公式factoring['f比kts]因式分解formulaforthesquareofthesum完全平方公式common['kamon]factor['f比kts]公因式adjacent[Adsesont]anglesonastraight[stret]line鄰補角vertical['v歹tik!]angles對頂角perpendicular[,p歹pon'dikjols]垂直corresponding[,kDri'spandig]angles同位角perpendicularline垂線alternate['Dlt^nit]interior[in'tiris]angles內錯角footofaperpendicular垂足interioranglesonthesameside同旁內角parallel['p比ro,lwl]平行proposition[,prapo'zijon]命題theorem['0iorom]定理translation[tr比ns'lejon]平移orderedpair有序數(shù)對rectangular[rwk't比?gjols]coordinate[ko'nrdnet]system['sistom]平面直角坐標系

x—axis['比ksis]x車由y—axisy車由coordinate座標quadrant「kwadvnt]象限triangle三角形altitude['比It3,tjud]高median['midion]中線bisector[bai'swkts]ofangle角平分線polygon['pali,gan]多邊形diagonal[dai'^gon!]對角線regular「rwgjolgpolygon正多邊形linearequationoftwounknown二元一次方程systemoflinearequationoftwounknown二元一次方程組bargraph條形圖substitutionLs^bsto'tjujon]method「mwBod]代入法inequality[ini'kwaloti]不等式addition[o'dijon]-substitutionmethod力口減法solution[so'lujon]set解集linearequality[i'kwaloti]ofoneunknown二元一次不等式statistic[sto'tistik]統(tǒng)計學systemoflinearequalityofoneunknown二元一次不等式組piechart[tjart]扇形simplerandom['random]sampling['s^mplig]簡單隨機抽樣frequency['frikwonsi]distribution[,distro'bjujon]頻數(shù)分布圖sampling圖sampling['s比mpli。]survey抽樣調查population[,papjo'lejon]總體sample['s比mp!]樣本histogram['histo,gr比m]直方圖individual[jndo'vidsuol]個體samplesize[saiz]樣本容量fractioninlowestterms最簡分數(shù)reduction[ri'dAkJon]ofafraction約分changingfactionstoacommondenominator[di'namo,net“]通分fractionalequation分式方程fraction['fr比kjon]分式inverse[in'v歹s]proportional[pro'porjon!]function['fAgkJon]反比例函數(shù)

hyperbola[hai'p歹b^b]雙曲線parallelogram[,p比ryiwb,gr比m]平行四邊形rectangle[rek't^og!]矩形rhombus['rambos]麥形square[skwer]正方形trapezium[tro'piziom]梯形isosceles[ai'sas!,iz]trapezium等腰梯形barycenter重心weighted['wetid]average['比vorid^力口權平均數(shù)weight全median['midion]中位數(shù)mode[mod]眾數(shù)range[rends]極差variance['verions]方差quadratic[kwad'r比tikfunction二次函數(shù)similarfigures['figjZ相似圖形similarpolygons「pali,ganz]相似多邊形proportionalsegments「segmont]比例函數(shù)homotheticfigures位似圖形sine[sain]正弦（sin）cosine['kosain]余弦（cos）tangent['t比nd^ont]正切（tan）trigonometric[,trigono'metrik]functionofacuteangle銳角三角形projection[pro'dswkjon]投影parallel['p比ro,lel]projection[pro'dswkjon]投影view[vju]視圖view[vju]視圖algebraic[，比Idso'breik]expression代數(shù)式rotation[ro'tejon]旋轉quadratic[kwad'r比tik]equationinoneunknow一元二次方程root根centeralsymmetry['simitri]figure中心對稱circle['s歹k!]圓centerofacircle圓心radius['redios]半徑chord[k?rd]弦diameter[dai'比mots]直徑arc[ark]弧semi['semi]-circle半圓centeralangle圓心角angleinacircularsegment['segmont]圓周角circumcircle外接圓circumcenter外心inscribedcircle內切圓tangent['t比nd^ont]lineinscribedcircle內切圓正正positive負negative零null,zero,nought,nilincenter內心proability概率random['random]event[i'vwnt]隨機事件treediagram['daio,gr比incenter內心proability概率數(shù)學mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem計算calculation運算operation證明prove假設hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命題proposition算術arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加數(shù)augend,summand加數(shù)addend和sum減minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被減數(shù)minuend減數(shù)subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend乘數(shù)multiplicator積product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除數(shù)dividend除數(shù)divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan運算符operator平均數(shù)mean算術平均數(shù)arithmaticmean幾何平均數(shù)geometricmeann個數(shù)之積的n次方根倒數(shù)(reciprocal)x的倒數(shù)為1/x有理數(shù)rationalnumber無理數(shù)irrationalnumber實數(shù)realnumber虛數(shù)imaginarynumber數(shù)字digit數(shù)number自然數(shù)naturalnumber整數(shù)integer小數(shù)decimal小數(shù)點decimalpoint分數(shù)fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio十進制decimalsystem二進制binarysystem十六進制hexadecimalsystem權weight,significance進位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效數(shù)字significantdigit無效數(shù)字insignificantdigit代數(shù)algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)單項式monomial多項式polynomial,multinomial系數(shù)coefficient未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation階乘factorial對數(shù)logarithm指數(shù)，冪exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpower坐標軸x-axis,y-axis,z-axis二次方根，平方根squareroot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootsqrt(2)=1.414常量constant變量variable橫坐標x-coordinate象限quadrant坐標軸x-axis,y-axis,z-axis二次方根，平方根squareroot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootsqrt(2)=1.414常量constant變量variable橫坐標x-coordinate象限quadrant縱坐標y-coordinate原點origin截距（有正負之分）intercede方程的）解截距（有正負之分）intercede方程的）解solution幾何geometry點point線line面plane體solid相交intersect線段segment射線radial平行相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian銳角acuteangle直角rightangle鈍角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base邊side高height三角形triangle銳角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角邊leg斜邊hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem鈍角三角形obtusetriangle不等邊三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等邊三角形equilateraltriangle四邊形quadrilateral平行四邊形parallelogram矩形rectangle長length寬width周長perimeter面積area相似similar全等congruent三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent反余切arccotangent反正割arcsecant反余割arccosecant子集subset補充：集合aggregate元素element交集intersection并集union空集void補集complement映射mapping函數(shù)function定義域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range單調性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity圖象image數(shù)列，級數(shù)series微積分calculus微分differential導數(shù)derivative極限limit無窮大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)無窮小infinitesimal積分integ