新目標(biāo)人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)u(píng)nit10知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納及練習(xí)

Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Ivehadbitthreeyears.我擁有它三年了?！窘馕觥縡or+~段時(shí)間 表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【2012甘肅雞西市1]Sheherhometownformanyyears.Noonenearlyknowsher.A.hasbeenawayfrom B.hasleftC.hadleft【2012湖北十堰2]Benisaforeignteacher.Sofar,he__inShiyanforfiveyears.A.wasteachingB.hastaughtC.willteachD.TaughtAmywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories.艾米想保留她的那些舊東西，因?yàn)樗鼈兡苁顾肫鹛鹈鄣幕貞?。【解?】keep(kept;kept)保留keep用法歸納如下：一、用作系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持(某種狀態(tài))”，其后常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Pleasekeepquiet/silent!請(qǐng)保持安靜！二、用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，.保管；保存；保留PleasekeepthesethingsformewhileIamaway.⑵.贍養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)Iusedtokeepsheepinmychildhood.⑶堅(jiān)持；繼續(xù)接V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。IfyoukeeppracticingyourspokenEnglish,you'llsoonmakegreatprogress.⑷阻止；阻礙keepsb/sthfromdoingsth其中介詞from不能省略。Theheavyraindidn'tkeepthemfromwatchingthefootballmatch.⑸保持。 其后常接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，表示使(某人或某物)保持某種狀態(tài)或使某一動(dòng)作繼續(xù)。①keep+sb/sth+介詞。 Ifyourhandsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.②keep+sb/sth+形容詞。 Thesegloveswillkeepyourhandswarm.③keep+sb/sth+V-ing，“讓某人/某物一直 ”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。I'msorryI'vekeptyouwaiting.很抱歉，讓你久等了?！径陶Z(yǔ)】keepintouch(with)保持與...的聯(lián)系keeparecord保持記錄keepinmind牢記keepone'sword遵守諾言keepaway(from)離開keepout(of)把...關(guān)在外面keepone's/aneyeon6切注視 keepup保持；使 不能入睡【2013山東濟(jì)南3】—CouldIyouriPad,Alice?—Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.lend B.keep C.borrow D.return【2013貴州安順2]“Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary?”Yes.Iitforthreedays.Illreturnitthisafternoon.A.borrowedB.keptC.haveborrowedD.havekept【解析2】bringback(v+adv)使回想起；使回憶起( )Ourexcellentserviceourguestsyearafteryear.A.bring;downB.bring;backC.bring;inD.bring;upYoucanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed.你也能捐贈(zèng)舊東西給那些需要的人們?！窘馕觥縤nneed需要；需求【拓展】indanger在危險(xiǎn)中 introuble在困境中insilence在沉默中 ingoodhealth在好的健康狀態(tài)中Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難見真情4.BecauseIdon'treaditanymore.因?yàn)槲也挥迷僮x了?！窘馕觥縩omore/not…anymore/nolonger/not...anylonger不再詞語(yǔ)同義詞用法nolongernot…anylonger強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作“不再延續(xù)”，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用nomorenot…anymore強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量和程度“不再增加”，與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用位置區(qū)別： 當(dāng)修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，nolonger通常置于be或行為動(dòng)詞前；nomore——股置于行為動(dòng)詞后。not...anylonger與not...anymore常置于旬末。Hecannolongerwalk.=HecantwalkanylongerThelittlegirlnomorecried.=Thelittlegirldidn'tcryanymore.Eg:（ ）Itislate.Wecannotwaithim.A.anymoreB.nomoreC.MoreBecauseI'vehaditsinceIwasababy.因?yàn)樽詮奈液苄〉臅r(shí)候我就有它了?！窘馕觥縮ince自從【辨析】since與for在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中的用法：since其后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)的句子，表示某事是從什么時(shí)候開始的Ivebeenasoldiersincetwoyearsagofor其后接時(shí)間段，表示某事持續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間Ivebeenasoldierfortwoyears.【2011天津】MygrandmotheralotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.sees B.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen【2011貴州畢節(jié)】ImanynewfriendssinceIcamehereA.make B.made C.willmakeD.havemade【2013上?！俊猦aveyoubeeninthesportsclub?—SincethefirstmonthIcametotheschool.A.HowoldB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.HowsoonIhavesomethingforthekids,我有一些孩子們的東西?！窘馕觥縡or給；為了介詞for用法歸納用法1:（表目的）為了Theywentoutforawalk.他們出去散步了。用法2：（表利益）為，為了WhatcanIdoforyou?你想要我什么？【2013上海4]Thechemicalsinthevegetablesandfruitarebadourhealth.A.fromB.with C.of D.for【2013牡丹江2]—WhatdidyougetyourmotherMother'sDay?—Abeautifulcardandascarf.

A.for;in B.for;onC.to;for【2013江蘇鹽城4】Itisreportedthatalotofadultstakelessonsonlinefurthereducation.A.after B.to C.with D.ForI'vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths.我擁有這本雜志已經(jīng)幾個(gè)月了?！窘馕觥縜coupleof幾個(gè)；一些二afew后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)acoupleof?對(duì)"，優(yōu)指夫妻、情侶I1lbebackindays.（L天）Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,butthey'llstillinteresting.里面的故事或許有點(diǎn)老，但它們?nèi)匀缓苡腥?。［解析］abit稍微；有點(diǎn)兒abit/alittle辨析：⑴abit和alittle在肯定句中，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞和比較級(jí)，"一點(diǎn)兒”。Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.演講者把嗓門提高了一點(diǎn)兒，以便使別人聽得更清楚。⑵alittle可以直接作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，abit修飾名詞，需后面加of構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，兩者都只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞Thereisalittle/abitoffoodleftforlunch.午飯只能吃剩下的一點(diǎn)食品了。Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.【解析】checkout查看；觀察checkv檢查【2013浙江寧波】 Please 臉查)yourtestpaperbeforeyouhanditin.【2013安徽3】IwillmeetJaneatthestation,Pleasewhattimeshewillarrive.A.countB.chooseC.check D.catch【2013天津】——Juliesaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven'tmymailboxyet.A.examinedB.reviewedC.testedD.CheckedMychildrenaregrowingupfast.我的孩子們成長(zhǎng)的很快。【解析】growup成長(zhǎng)(常用于指人或動(dòng)物)( )WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobeateacher.A.giveupB.putupC.getolderD.getyoungerSowUvebeenclearingoutalotofthingsfromourbedroomforayardsale.所以，我們正從臥室里清理出許多東西來(lái)辦一場(chǎng)庭院拍賣會(huì)?！驹冃俏觥縞learout:青王里：犯， 二青空cleanup清理；使整潔Pleaseclearoutthecupboard.We'vedecidedtoeachsellfivethingswenolongeruse.我們已經(jīng)決定每人賣smindiod做si#【自津析1】decidev決定smindiod做si#(1)decidetodosth=makeupone(2)makeadecision做決定Mymotherhasdecided(take)metoactinglessons.【四川南充】Theclassroomwassodirty.Idecided.A.cleanitupB.tocleanitupC.cleanupit【2013河北中考2】ThechildrendecidetheirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.clean B.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned【解析2】nolonger=not…any10ng不再【在句中位置】nolonger位于助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或?qū)嵰鈩?dòng)詞之后；not...anylongernot常與助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用, anylonger位于旬末。Inolongerliveinthiscity.=Idon'tliveinthiscityanylonger.Forexample,he'sownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.例如，從他四歲生日以來(lái)，就已經(jīng)擁有了這列火車和鐵軌的組合，大約七歲之前他幾乎每周都要玩這個(gè)玩具。【解析】own擁有ownv擁有一ownern物主onone'sow單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地ofone'sown人自己的theownerof的所有者①Whoisthe(own)ofthebike?②Iwanttoseeitwith(I)owneyes.Andhedidn'twanttolosethetoymonkeyhgshadsincethen,并且他也不想失去自從他出生就擁有的那個(gè)玩具猴。【解析】lose(lost,lost)失去Ihopewewon'tlosethecompetition.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshefeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.我女兒比較通情達(dá)理，盡管要失去某些玩具也讓她感到難過?！窘馕?】partwith與……分開：失去(尤指舍不得的東西)Theyweresorrytopartwiththeoldhouse.)Shefeltsadtopartwithherlovelydog.A.findB.lostC.loseD.found【角星析2】certain⑴某種；某事；某人(在句中只能做定語(yǔ)，常與不定代詞a連用，可修飾單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞)Acertainpersoncalledonmeyesterday.⑵adj.確實(shí)的，無(wú)疑的becertainof對(duì)某事有才巴握 Theyarecertainofsuccess.becertaintodosth肯定做某事 Heiscertaintocome.becertain+that確信 I'mcertainthatheHlcome.( )Heiscertaintoninety.A.liveB.ofliveC.toliveD.toliving.Asforme,Ididntwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihaven'tplayedforawhilenow.對(duì)于我來(lái)說，我不想放棄我的足球衫，但說實(shí)話，現(xiàn)在我有段時(shí)間沒踢足球了?！窘馕?】asfor至于；關(guān)于 (后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))Asforcomputer,Tmnottellingyouanything.【解析2】tobehonest=totell(you)thetruth老實(shí)說；說實(shí)話【拓展】honestadj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的(反)dishonestadj.不誠(chéng)實(shí)的anhonestboy一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩【注】honest以元音音素開頭，所以前面的定冠詞要用 an.Heisa(honest)boy.Wealldonlikehim.tSheisan(honest)girl.Wealllikeher.Tomlikestotelllies,heis(honest)( )Weshouldbehonesttoeveryone.Weshouldntelllies.A.dishonestB.trueC.truth D.truthful【解析3】forawhile一會(huì)兒Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.Whatwilltheydowiththemoneytheyraisefromthesale?他們要用山東西籌集來(lái)的錢做什么?【解析】dowith處理；對(duì)付(某人或某物)dealwith處理與how連用dowith處理與what連用dowith處理；安置”，強(qiáng)調(diào)處理的對(duì)象，常與what連用Idon'tknowwhattodowiththeseletters.dealwith處理；應(yīng)付”，強(qiáng)調(diào)處理的方式、方法，常與how連用Hetaughtmehowtodealwithpressure.【2011玉溪】Wecan'tdecidewhatwillhappeninourlife,butwecandecidehowwewillit.A.agreewithB.beginwithC.dealwithD.comeupwith( )—doyouyourbrokenwatch?-Iamgoingtotakeittothewatchmaker 's.A.How;dowithB.What;dealwithC.How;dealwith D.What;didwith重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)thesedays目前;現(xiàn)在regardwithgreatinterest以極大的興趣關(guān)注著inorderto為了sofar迄今;到現(xiàn)在為止inneed需要not..anymore不再 welcometosp_歡迎來(lái)到…：checkout察看;觀察boardgames棋類游戲onelastthing最后一樣?xùn)|西juniorhighschool初級(jí)中學(xué)clearout清理nolonger不再;不復(fù)toymonkey玩具猴partwith與 分開tobehonest說實(shí)在的rideabike騎自行車haveayardsale進(jìn)行庭院拍賣會(huì)one'soldthing某人的舊東西bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回憶giveaway捐贈(zèng)playforawhile玩一會(huì)兒dowith...處置;處理searchforwork找工作forthelast13years在過去的13年里themid-20thcentury20世2己中期staythesame保持原狀accordingto依據(jù)；按照inone'sopinion 想法看inmytime在我那個(gè)年代Excises一、翻譯下列短語(yǔ).庭院出售2. 棋類游戲.觀察 4^ 不再.說實(shí)在的6. 使想起.失去J 清理.根據(jù)10. 甜美的記憶.至少一年一次12家鄉(xiāng)情.尋找14在學(xué)校對(duì)面15.放棄 16. …的標(biāo)志17.騎自行車18. 兒童之家二、詞匯。A）根據(jù)所給中文完成下列句子。.Weallr himasanhonestfriend..Thebuildingissomec（世2己）01d..Tomy ,Ineverhelphim..Look!She'sstandingathetenchildren..Babyhasas skin..Theywillhameetingtodiscussthisproblemtomorrow..Canyouc(數(shù)數(shù))numbers?.YesterdayIboughtas(圍巾)formymother..Tomisat( 誠(chéng)實(shí)的)boy.B)用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。.Henever(go)tothesciencemuseum..youever(drink)coke?.Therearemanytoy(bear)inmyhome..Hisbrothernevergaveup(try)tohelp..Ican't(raise)afamilyonwhatI.earn.Mymom'shadabread(make)foralongtime..LasttermI(learn)manyEnglishwords..They(notread)theinterestingbooksyet..Themuseum(be)hereforover20years..It(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.三、單項(xiàng)選擇。從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案，將答案填入題前的括號(hào)內(nèi)。LiHonghasthearmyfor2years.A.joinedB.beinC.beeninD.joinedinWehavebeenfriendssince.A.childrenB.fiveyearsC.fiveyearsagoD.fiveyearsbeforeMybestfriendNeilishonestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.a Ban Cthe D/ThoseforeignfriendsleftGuangzhou.A.sincelastweekB.aweekagoC.foraweekD.sinceaweekagoIatthisschoolfortwoyears.A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudiedTheyinthecitysincelastsummer.A.liveB.didn'tliveC.havelivedD.liveMrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou1992.A.sinceB.fromC.afterD.inHisfatherforyears.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.diedD.diesHehasacomputerofhisown.HeittwodaysagoA.hashadB.buysC.boughtD.hasbought—WhereisLiLei? —HeShanghai.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.wenttoD.goestoThelibrarianbooksstudentsA.borrows;fromB.lends;toC.returns;toD.givesback;toIthisbookforaweek.Ihavetoreturnitnow.A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.keptD.havekeptHeacoldforthreedays.A.hascaughtB.hashadC.hasgotD.caughtMr.Johnconsideredtoseehisoldfriends.A.goB.wentC.goingD.gonemyopinion,itsbesttomakesomecardsforourteachers.InB.OnC.OfD.At四、完形填空。從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案，將答案填入題前的括號(hào)內(nèi)。TherearemanywordsintheEnglishlanguage.Youwillnever1themeaningofeverywordinEnglish.Whenyouread,youwilloftenfindmany_2youdonotknow.Youwillnothaveenoughtimeto3readingandtrytofindeverynewwordinadictionary.Sometimesyoucan4anewwordbecauseyouknowsomeofthepartsofthenewword.Forexample,ifawordends5theletters,that'word6bethenameofa7orathingthatdoesacertainaction某個(gè)動(dòng)作）.Awriterisapersonwhowrites.8itisnot9toknowthepartsofanewwordtounderstandit, 10itwillhelpyoumanytimes.1.A.knowB.learnC.findD.lookup2.A.booksB.lettersC.storiesD.words3.A.stopB.enjoyC.keepD.start4.A.findB.getC.studyD.guess5.A.inB.offC.upD.with6.A.canB.mightC.shouldD.must7.A.friendB.boyC.personD.girl8.A.ThenB.NowC.YetD.Sometimes9.A.helpfulB.usefulC.enoughD.good10.A.butB.andC.soD.for五、閱讀理解閱讀下列材料，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，填入題前的括號(hào)中。Candreamscometrue?JohnGodleybetmoneythathisdreamscouldcometrue.Overthecourseofhislife,Mr.Godleydreamedofhorseracesseveraltimes.Hedidnotknowmuchabouthorsesorwinningraces.Herememberedthesedreamsafterhewokeup,andheputwhatheknewtogooduse.ThefirsttimeMr.GodleydreamedofhorseswasonthenightofFriday,March8,1946.HedreamedthathewasreadingthenamesofthehorsesthatwonSaturdayraces.Thenextmorninghefoundthenamesofthehorsesfromhisdreaminthenewspaper.Thehorseswereracingthatday.Hebetonthehorsesandwon.ThesehorseracingdreamscametoMr.Godleyoffandonforthenext12yearsofhislife.Between1946and1958,Mr.Godleyhadeightdreamsabouthorseswinningraces.Healwaysbetonhisdreams,andhealwayswon.Mr.Godleyneverknewwhythedreamsstartedorwhytheystopped.Washeluckyordidhehaveaspecialgift?Theworldmayneverknow.( )51.HowoftendidJohnGodleydreamofhorseracesinhislife?A.Everynight. B.Everyyear.C.Severaltimes. D.Everyweek.( )52.Whatdidheseeinhisfirstdreamofhorses?A.Hesawthenewspaper.HesawthenamesofhorsesthawonSaturday'sraces.Hesawhimselfwinningtheraces.Hesawnothing.( )53.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedsentence?Thesedreamslastedfor12yearsandhappenedeveryyear.Thesedreamsstoppedsometimesandcontinuedagaininthese12years.Thesedreamshappenedveryofteninthe12years.Thesedreamsstoppedinthe12yearsandthenbeganagain.( )54.Whatcausedhisdreamstostop?A.Hewastooold. B.Helostoneimportantrace.C.Hedidn'tknowwhy.D.TheGodtookawayhisgift.( )55.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BetMoney B.RacingHorsesC.WinningDreams D.ASpecialMan六、完成句子。.里邊的故事可能有點(diǎn)老，但它們?nèi)匀缓苡腥ぁhestoriesinsideold,butthey'restillinteresting..那邊的那輛自行車你買了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？我買了三年了。haveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?I'vehaditforthreeyears..他不再住在這了。Hedidn'tlivehereanylonger.=Helivedhere..它在這附近至少二十年了It，sbeenaroundfor..你的兒子擁有那套軌道火車多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？自他4歲生日起，他就擁有了他。HowlonghissonthetrainandrailwaysetHe，sownedit.七.用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空forget,bring,mend,beside,luck,pick,same,differently,I,every,stop,eachMr.Brownhadanumbrellashopinasmalltown.Peoplesometimeshimbrokenumbrellas,andthenhetookthemtoabigshopinLondon.Theywere there.OnedayMr.BrownwenttoLondo