九月from-寫作作業(yè)筆記lesson5-task

雅思寫作Task-1新浪微博：@杜仕明-學(xué)為貴2023/1/14G

類–書信寫作A

類–圖表作文150詞+大約20分鐘+占到總分值1/32023/1/14對(duì)于參加GeneralTraining(移民類)雅思考試的考生來說，Task1的寫作任務(wù)是完成一封書信。題目中給出一個(gè)背景話題，然后要求考生完成題目中給出的三個(gè)要求。書信寫作的高分關(guān)鍵在于：1.編故事的能力要出色，能寫出一個(gè)連貫合理的故事；2.文字表達(dá)不需要過于學(xué)術(shù)，但是要偏向地道表達(dá)；3.注意書信寫作的時(shí)態(tài)，有可能在一篇文章里使用超過5種時(shí)態(tài)。2023/1/14

書信內(nèi)容介紹書信寫作的內(nèi)容包括很寬的范圍：1.

道歉；2.

感謝；3.

投訴；4.

建議；5.

申請(qǐng)；6.

邀請(qǐng)；7.

介紹；8.尋求幫助2023/1/14下面這封郵件來自于鐵路公司官方。雖然和考試的內(nèi)容不是完全一樣，但是結(jié)構(gòu)和用語都很恰當(dāng)。2023/1/142023/1/14

書信格式介紹1).最好是左邊對(duì)齊，每段之間空一整行；2).稱呼—Dear名字/頭銜/SirorMadam；3).結(jié)尾部分一定需要比較禮貌的收尾：kindregards-sincerely/faithfully-lotsoflove2023/1/14

書信內(nèi)容風(fēng)格1).第一段通常簡(jiǎn)單開頭—Iamwritingthisletterto介紹寫信的目的；2).正文的分段沒有固定要求—一般來說題目會(huì)給出一件事的大概介紹，然后要求完成三個(gè)具體的任務(wù)。3).結(jié)尾部分一般需要表示感謝或者提出要求Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould…….Myrequestisthat……Iwillbelookingforwardtoyourreply.2023/1/142023/1/14DearJason,

Iamwritingthislettertoapologizeforwhathavehappenedthesedays.Iamreallysorryaboutthenoisefrommydog.

Lastweek,mysistersentherdog,Frank,tousaskingmetobeapuppy-sitterfortwoweekswhileshewasinChinaforhoneymoon.IwastoldthatFrankhadbeendoingwellandbarelymadetroubleformysister.Unfortunately,itisclearthatthedogdoesnotlikehistemporaryhomepossiblybecauseitisthefirsttimethathelivesinaplacethatisunfamiliartohim.

Iknowthatyoumusthavebeenannoyedbythebarkingofthedogalldaylong,soIamgoingtofixit.SendingFranktothepethouseinthecommunitymaybeagoodsolution.There,hecandowhateverhewantswhileleavingothersinpeace.

Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldunderstandmysituationandacceptmyapology.

Sincerelyyours

JeremyLin2023/1/142023/1/14DearDave,

Iamwritingtoletyouknowthatatlastwehavemovedtoabiggerhouse!Wejustcouldn'tgoonlivinginthetwo-bedroombungalownowthatthetwinsaregrowingupandthenewbabyhasarrived.Sowestartedlooking—andonethingledtoanotherandfinallyhereweareinournewhome.

Iamsureyouwilllikeit.Wehavethreebedroomsnow,andaverymodernbathroomandkitchen.Thekidsarehappybecausethereismuchmorespacewiththebiglivingroomandthegardenoutside.ButMichelisthehappiestofallbecausehedoesn'tneedtodomuchdecorating.

Whydon'tyoucomeroundthisweekendandseewhatyouthinkofournewplace?Wewouldalllovetoseeyouandiftheweatherisgoodwecanhaveabarbecueinthegarden.

Ournewaddressandphonenumberarebelow,sogiveusacallandletusknowwhentoexpectyou.

Lotsoflove

Francoise2023/1/14圖表作文得高分來自于兩個(gè)能力精準(zhǔn)的句子表達(dá)和詞匯選擇(理解和模仿翻譯練習(xí)的句子)宏觀看圖表的能力，而不是數(shù)據(jù)流水賬的描述(無論任何圖表，在overall段落寫出2-3個(gè)宏觀特征，有了這個(gè)段落保你7分)2023/1/14Task1--圖表作文的句子也滿足4+3基本原則1.主謂賓2.主系表3.Therebe名詞4.Itis……(圖表作文里很少用到)2023/1/14用介詞短語來擴(kuò)展句子

(介詞短語)主句(介詞短語)ThereisasubstantialdifferencebetweentheUKandtheUS

intermsof

theirconsumptionofbeef.

Asforthesmokingrateoffemales,therewasasubstantialgrowthduringthe20-yearperiod,risingfrom8%in1990to20%in2010.Despitesomeinitialfluctuation,from1995therewasasteadyincrease.TheUSwillcontinuetorelyonfossilfuels,withsustainableandnuclearenergysourcesremainingrelativelyinsignificant.ThepopulationofSingaporeisabout4million,withChineseaccountingfor3quarters.2023/1/14用讓步狀語從句來增加對(duì)比能力(狀語從句)主句(狀語從句)Althoughtheproportionofpeoplebuyingclassicalmusicwas17%,itwasjusthalfofthefiguresfortheothertwotypesofmusic.Nationalandinternationalfixedlinecallsgrewsteadilyfrom37to62,thoughthegrowthslowedoverthelasttwoyears.

2023/1/14

修飾名詞的能力能避免重復(fù)基礎(chǔ)句型里的名詞被充分修飾

1.Therewasasignificantincreaseintheamountofmoneyspentonbooksandfurniture.2.Thepercentageofmaleswhobuypopandrockmusicishigherthanthatoffemales.3.Thosefamiliesconsistingofoneparentorasingleadultweremostlikelytoliveinpoverty.4.ThechartshowsthetimespentbyUKresidentsondifferenttypesoftelephonecallsbetween1995and2002.

2023/1/14在句尾用分詞短語來進(jìn)行跟進(jìn)一步的內(nèi)容描述主句,doing.....(分詞用來詳細(xì)說明)變化：Theproportionofpopulationagedover60sawanupwardtrend,risingfrom11%in1990to30%in2005.對(duì)比：Chinesetouristsspentthelargestamountofmoneyonshopping,accountingfor74%oftheirtotalspending.

2023/1/14對(duì)于參加A類考試的同學(xué)，你們被要求在Task1完成對(duì)一個(gè)圖表的描述。Linegraph線圖Barchart柱狀圖Piechart餅圖Table表格圖Diagram地圖或者流程2023/1/14

重要的事情說三遍請(qǐng)不要按照?qǐng)D形分類，因?yàn)閳D表之間是interchangeable的?。?！1.100%完全對(duì)比圖(沒有時(shí)間變化)2.20%對(duì)比+80%變化圖(有時(shí)間變化)2023/1/14

簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)比圖—只出現(xiàn)在混合圖表里，機(jī)會(huì)很小

不靠分析，靠句型，寫流水賬。（這部分可以先跳過，往后看復(fù)雜的對(duì)比圖表，從33頁開始）2023/1/142023/1/14Coke的全球銷量達(dá)到了17.1billion,其中北美洲有最大的比率，是30.4%，而非洲和中東地區(qū)只有7%。在其他三個(gè)地區(qū)中，拉丁美洲有相對(duì)較高的銷售比率，達(dá)到25.7%，然后是歐洲20.5%和亞洲16.4%。2023/1/14ThetotalsalesofCokewas17.1billionbottlesin2000,withNorthAmericahavingthelargestproportionat34%,comparedtoonly7%inAfricaandMiddleEast.Intheotherthreeregions,LatinAmericahadarelativelyhigherpercentage(25.7%),followedbyEurope(20.5%)andAsia(16.4%).2023/1/142023/1/14很明顯，中國游客的錢主要花在了購物上，占到71.2%，而食物的花費(fèi)才只有1.2%。花在娛樂和觀光方面的錢很相近，分別占到12.9%和11.6%。其他方面的花費(fèi)占到3.1%。2023/1/14ItisobviousthatChinesetouristsspentmostoftheirmoneyonshoppingaccountingforasmuchas71.2%,comparedtoonly1.2%onfood.Theamountspentonentertainmentandsightseeingvariedslightly,with12.9%and11.6%respectively.Theremaining3.1%wasspentonotheritems.2023/1/14簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)比圖一般出現(xiàn)在混合圖表中。混合圖表里的兩個(gè)圖一般都是分開描述，如果有一些內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系，只需要在結(jié)尾段點(diǎn)出來就好了。2023/1/142023/1/14復(fù)雜對(duì)比圖—這才是考試的重點(diǎn)在這種圖表里，你沒有機(jī)會(huì)使用任何一個(gè)變化相關(guān)的詞匯和句子。不論對(duì)比圖表里出現(xiàn)了多少個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)，你的任務(wù)總是從中提煉出2-3個(gè)宏觀特征。這些特征包括：哪一組最高，哪一組最低，兩組之間是相似還是相差的關(guān)系，最大差值/最小差值（特殊圖表的情況下）。2023/1/14Thetablebelowgivesinformationonconsumerspendingondifferentitemsinfivedifferentcountriesin2002.2023/1/14ThetableillustratestheproportionofnationalexpenditureinIreland,Italy,Spain,SwedenandTurkeyonthreetypesofconsumeritemsin2002.Overall,thecategoryofconsumergoodsthatallcountriesspentmostonwasfood,drinksandtobacco,whichwasthreetimeshigherthanontheothertypesofgoods.Thelowestspendingcouldbeseeninthecategoryofleisureandeducationinallfivecountries.Intermsoffood,drinksandtobacco,Turkeyspentthemostat32.14%.TheexpenditureofIrelandwasalsohigh(28.91%)comparedtoSwedenwhichspenttheleast(15.77%).SpainandItalyspent18.80%and16.36%respectively.Ontheotherhand,thelowestexpenditurewasonleisureandeducationwhichaccountedforunder5%inallcountries.Turkeyspentmostontheseitemsatjust4.35%oftheirnationalexpenditurewhichisarounddoublethatofSpain(1.98%).Clothingandfootwearwasthethirdcategoryofconsumergoodsandoutlaysforthoseitemswerebetween9%inItalyand5.40%inSweden.Thenationalspendinginthisareafortheremainingcountriesaveragedaround6.5%.2023/1/14ThechartbelowshowstheamountspentonsixconsumergoodsinfourEuropeancountries.2023/1/142023/1/142023/1/14Thebarchartillustrateshowmanychildren,dividedbygender,playedsixkindsofsports(tennis,badminton,cycling,swimming,footballandhockey)inatowninEnglandin2012.Overall,thenumberof

boysplayingsportexceededthatofgirlsinthegivenperiodandthesportwiththemostsignificantdifferencebetweenthegenderswasfootball.Footballwasalsothemostpopularsportforboyswhilethemajorityofgirlspreferredswimming.Furthermore,bothmalesandfemalesleastpreferredplayinghockey.Therewerefoursportsinwhichboysparticipatedmorethangirls.While60boysplayedfootball,thenumberofgirlsplayingthatsportwasconsiderablylower(around20).

Withregardstotennis,thefigureforboyswhoplayedthatsportwas50asopposedtojustunder40forgirls.Similarly,moreboyscycledthangirls(approximately35and20respectively).Thedifference,intermsofhockey,wasminimalwithonlyabout5moreboysplayingthatsportthangirls.Ontheotherhand,moregirlstookpartinthetworemainingsportswhichbothshowedadifferenceofabout10betweenthegenders.Asmanyas50girlspreferredswimmingincomparisonto40girlsforbadminton.2023/1/14新浪微博：@杜仕明-學(xué)為貴ThegraphsbelowshowthetypesofmusicalbumspurchasedbypeopleinBritainaccordingtos3xandage.2023/1/14Thesechartsmakecomparisonsamongthreekindsofmusicabouttheirpopularitybetweenmalesandfemalesandamongfourdifferentagegroups.

Overall,itisclearthatmalesaremorewillingtobuymusicalbumsthanfemales.Moderntypesofmusicaremorepopularamongpeopleunder45,whileclassicalmusicismainlypurchasedbythoseover45.

Intermsofthepercentageofmaleandfemalebuyers,wecanseethattheproportionoftheformerishigherthanthatofthelatterinallkindsofmusic.Tobemorespecific,thefiguresforbuyersofpopandrockmusicaresimilarwith28%ofmalesand18%offemales.Classicalmusicispurchasedbyonly9%ofmenand7%ofwomen.

Whenitcomestothemusicpreferenceofdifferentagegroups,itcanbenoticedthatpopandrockmusichaveextremelysimilarpatternsofpurchasingandaremuchmorepopularamongyoungerbuyers.Specifically,theproportionofmusicbuyersaged25-34isthehighest(32%),followedbythatofpeoplebetween16and24(30%)andthatofbuyersaged35-44(26%).Bycontrast,classicalmusicisgenerallytheleastpopularchoice,mainlypurchasedbypeopleover45withapproximately20%.Thepercentages

ofpeopleaged16-24and35-44areminimal,atabout1%and3%respectively.2023/1/14Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationinAustraliaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.2023/1/142023/1/14新浪微博：@杜仕明-學(xué)為貴2023/1/14ThetablebelowtheproportionofdifferentcategoriesoffamilieslivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.2023/1/14ThechartbelowshowstheamountofmoneyperweekspentonfastfoodsinBritain.Thegraphshowsthetrendsinconsumptionoffastfoods.2023/1/14

變化趨勢(shì)圖變化圖表相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，整個(gè)過程的核心一定是變化的內(nèi)容。每個(gè)元素單獨(dú)描述或者按相似/相反的方法分組。變化趨勢(shì)圖一定要按照時(shí)間描述，不要跳躍或者從后往前寫變化圖表的overall段落里一般20%的對(duì)比特征和80%的變化特征。上升組–下降組–起伏波動(dòng)組–很少變化組–最大/最小組2023/1/142023/1/14

變化趨勢(shì)圖ThegraphillustratesthechangesintheproportionsofradiolistenersandTVviewersthroughouttheaveragedayfromOctobertoDecember1992intheUK.Overall,morepeopletendedtolistentoradiointhemorning,whilethepopularityofwatchingTVwassignificantlygreaterintheafternoonandevening.Peopletendedtodoneitherinthenightandearlymorning.Lookingfirstattheradioaudience,itwasconsiderablyhigherbeforenoon.Specifically,7%oftheBritishwerelisteningtoradioat6a.m.Thisradioaudienceincreaseddramaticallyinthenext3hoursandpeakedatnearly30%ataround9a.m.Afterthat,therewasasteadydecreaseuntil2a.m.ofthenextdaywhenitreachedaminimallevelwhichremainedconstantforthenextfourhours.AsforTVviewers,afterstartingataroundzeroviewersat6am,thepercentageofTVviewersintheUKwaslessthan7%untilnoon.Afterthat,TVviewingbegantogainpopularityanditwasat1p.m.thatthepercentageofTVaudiencesovertookthatofradiolisteners.Thegreatestgrowthcanbeseenbetween3p.m.and8p.m.,duringwhichtimetheaudiencemorethantripled.Afterpeakingatroughly50%,itwitnessedarapiddeclineuntil2a.m.ofthenextday.Overthelastfourhours,veryfewpeoplewatchedTV.

2023/1/14Thechartshowsthetotalnumberofminutes(inbillions)oftelephonecallsintheUK,dividedintothreecategories,from1995-20022023/1/142023/1/14ThegraphbelowshowstheconsumptionoffishanddifferentkindsofmeatinaEuropeancountrybetween1979and2004.2023/1/14Thegraphshowshowmuchfishandmeat(chicken,beef,andlamb)wereconsumedbytheaveragepersoninaparticularEuropeancountryfrom1979to2004ingramsperweek(gpw).Overall,consumptionofalltypesofmeatdeclinedwiththeexceptionofchicken,whichshowedasteadyincreaseinpopularity.Chickenreplacedbeefasthemostpopularmeat,whilefishremainedtheleastconsumedthroughouttheperiod.Atthestartoftheperiod,beefwasthemostpopularmeat,withover200gpwbeingconsumedbytheaverageperson.Atthesametime,consumptionofchickenandlambstoodatabout150gpw,whilethatoffishwasmuchlower,at60gpw.Thereafter,individualchickenconsumptionrosesteadily,finishingtheperiodat250gpw,whileincontrast,personaldemandforbeefandlambsawconsistentdeclines,despitebeefpeakingataround240gpwin1984.Bytheendoftheperiod,theirrespectivelevelsofconsumptionhadfallentoaround100and60gpw.Withregardtofish,itwastheleastpopularatalltimes,fallingfrom60gpweatenbyatypicalpersoninthiscountryin1979,to40gpwin2004.2023/1/14ThethreepiechartsbelowshowthechangesinannualspendingbyaparticularUKschoolin1981,1991,and2001.2023/1/14ThechartsshowhowmuchaUKschoolspentondifferentrunningcostsinthreeseparateyears:1981,1991and2001.Inallthreeyears,thegreatestexpenditurewasonstaffsalaries.Butwhileotherworkers'salariessawafallfrom28%in1981toonly15%ofspendingin2001,teachers'payremainedthebiggestcost,reaching50%oftotalspendingin1991andendingat45%in2001.2023/1/14Expenditureonresourcessuchasbookshadincreasedto20%by1991beforedecreasingtoonly9%bytheendoftheperiod.Incontrast,thecostoffurnitureandequipmentsawanoppositetrend.Thiscostdecreasedtoonly5%oftotalexpenditurein1991butrosedramaticallyin2001whenitrepresented23%oftheschoolbudget.Similarly,thecostofinsurancesawarisingtrend,growingfromonly2%to8%by2001.Overall,teachers'salariesconstitutedthelargestcosttotheschool,andwhilespendingincreaseddramaticallyforequipmentandinsurance,therewerecorrespondingdropsinexpenditureonthingssuchasbooksandonotherworkers'salaries.2023/1/14Thegraphbelowgivesinformationfroma2008reportaboutconsumptionofenergyintheUSAsince1980withprojectionsuntil2030.2023/1/142023/1/142023/1/14ThebarchartillustrateshowmanyhoursadolescentsinChesterspentonsevenactivitieseachweekbetween2002and2007.

Overall,themostpopularactivityovertheperiodgivenwaswatchingTV,whereasbowlingwastheleastfavourite.Goingtopubsanddiscos,watchingTVandshoppingallshowedanincreaseinthenumberofhoursteenagersspentontheseactivities.Theotherpursuitsshowedadecreaseinhours,exceptwatchingDVD’swhichfluctuated.

2023/1/14Teenagersspent25hoursonwatchingtelevisionin2002whichincreasedtoalmost40hoursinthefinalyear.Bothgoingtopubsanddiscos,andshoppingmorethandoubledinhoursfromover5toover15andfromover5toexactly15respectively.

Whileteenagersoccupied10hoursdoinghomeworkin2002,thisfiguredroppedtojustover5in2007.Playingsportfellmoredramaticallyfrom10hourstoaround3hours.Bowlingwasunder5hoursthroughouttheentireperioddecliningbyabout4hoursintotal.ThenumberofhoursteenagersdedicatedtowatchingDVD’swasonly10hoursinfirstandfinalyears,butreachedapeakofover15hoursin2004and2005.2023/1/14ThechartsbelowgiveinformationontheagesofthepopulationsofYemenandItalyIn2000andprojectionsfor2050.2023/1/146分的范文2023/1/14

混合圖表題

2023/1/141.兩個(gè)圖表分開寫；2.同樣需要overall；Thegraphsbelowgiveinformationaboutcomputerownershipasapercentageofthepopulationbetween2002and2010，andbylevelofeducationfortheyears2002and2010.2023/1/14Thebarchartsshowdataaboutcomputerownership,withafurtherclassificationbylevelofeducation,from2002to2010.

Asteadybutsignificantrisecanbeseeninthepercentageofthepopulationthatownedacomputerovertheperiod.Justoverhalfthepopulationownedcomputersin2002,whereasby2010threeoutoffourpeoplehadahomecomputer.

Ananalysisofthedatabylevelofeducationshowsthathigherlevelsofeducationcorrespondtohigherlevelsofcomputerownershipinbothofthoseyears.In2002,onlyaround15%ofthosewhodidnotfinishhighschoolhadacomputerbutthisfigurehadtrebledby2010.Therewerealsoconsiderableincreases,ofapproximately30percentagepoints,forthosewithahighschooldiplomaoranunfinishedcollegeeducation(reaching65%and85%respectivelyin2010).However,graduatesandpostgraduatesprovedtohavethegreatestlevelof