人教版中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第七講 被動語態(tài)學(xué)案

人教版中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第七講學(xué)科年級學(xué)生姓名授課教師上課時間課次英語初三xx老師第七講專題內(nèi)容被動語態(tài)【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】掌握被動語態(tài)的基本用法及考點(diǎn)。學(xué)生初步能寫被動句。學(xué)生掌握各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】1.掌握各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。2.掌握被動語態(tài)的基本用法及考點(diǎn)?！窘虒W(xué)難點(diǎn)】1.掌握各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。2.學(xué)生初步會寫被動句?！窘虒W(xué)內(nèi)容】詞匯回顧知識點(diǎn)講解+當(dāng)堂過手訓(xùn)練中考鏈接鞏固練習(xí)Part1:專題講解知識回顧（Unit5）1.鬧鐘，警報(bào)n.__2.沉重地，猛烈地，大量地adv._______3.突然地adv._____4.意識帶v.5.完全地，徹底地adv.______6.沉默的adj.__→沉默n.___________7.真相n.→真正地adv._________8.反對，倚靠，對抗prep._________9.掉落的adj._________10.升起v._________2.被動語態(tài)知識點(diǎn)（專題）講解（一）被動語態(tài)的定義：用來說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系（二）被動構(gòu)成：be+及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。（三）被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化主要體現(xiàn)在be的變化上,列表如下時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)形式※一般現(xiàn)在時※一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時※現(xiàn)在完成時※一般將來時※含有情態(tài)動詞（四）語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時所注意的問題1.把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,其謂語動詞的時態(tài)要與原句時態(tài)保持一致,其謂語動詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟；謂語主動變被動，be加“過分”來使用；變無論時態(tài)是哪種，都在be上來變動。Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought(正確)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(錯誤)變式訓(xùn)練；①、Thehousework_________(have)beenfinishedbyhismother.②、Theglassoftheclassroom______brokenbyanaughtyboylastnight.2.含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時,可分別將其中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一個不動,一般變間接賓語為主語時比較多。Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶬______________apresentonmybirthday.→Apresent____________________meonmybirthday.如果把直接賓語(指物)改為主語,則在間接賓語(指人)前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,如上句還可以說:Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶤present____________________meonmybirthday.注意:1)一般在下列動詞后,常在間接賓語前用介詞to,如:bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell等Heshowedthebooktothewholeclass.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶷hebook________________________theclass(byhim).Ilenthermybike.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶰ybike________________________her(byme).2).一般在下列動詞后,間接賓語前用介詞for,如build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing等Mymothermademeanewskirt.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶤newskirt________________________me(bymymother)Shecookedsomedeliciousfoodforme.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶶omedeliciousfood________________________mebyher.3.由動詞+介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動詞,要把它們作為整體看,即把它們看成一個及物動詞,介詞不可拆開或漏掉,這類動詞有:1)不及物動詞+介詞,如:agreeto,askfor,laughat,listento,lookafter,thinkof,talkabout等Theproblemissolved.Weneedn’ttalkedaboutit.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶷heproblemissolved.Itneedn’t_______________________.Thewholesocietyshouldlookaftertheoldverywell.（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶷heoldshould_______________________verywellbythewholesociety.2)及物動詞+副詞:如:carryout.findout,giveup,handin,makeout,passon,pointout,putaway,putoff,thinkover,tumdown,workout,turnout等。Themanagerturneddownhisrequest(請求)（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶫isrequest________________________bythemanager.Schoolwillputoffthesportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweather（變?yōu)楸粍泳洌鶷hesportsmeeting____________________________becauseofthebadweather3)在see,watch,bear,notice,listento,lookat,,make,feel等動詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式都不帶to,但改成被動語態(tài)后都帶to(主動to出去被動to回來)Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.→Heisoftenheard_____________(play)theguitar.Theworkerswereoftenmade_____________(work)overtenhoursadayinthepast.★4.下列情況主動句不能改為被動句第一,感官系動詞一般用主動形式表示被動意義,如:feel,look,seem,taste,sound,remain等第二,一些不及物動詞短語沒有被動語態(tài),如:takeplace,breakout,belongto,等如Thefirebrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.Theseafoodtastesnice.Thatbookbelongstomyfather.第三,賓語是反身代詞,相互代詞等,不能變?yōu)楸粍泳渥拥闹髡Z,如ItaughtmyselfEnglishWeloveeachother5.在漢語中,有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語,在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構(gòu)來表示,例如據(jù)說...Itissaidthat...據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)...Itisreportedthat...希望Itishopedthat...眾所周知...Itiswellknownthat...普遍認(rèn)為...Itisgenerallyconsideredthat...有人建議Itissuggestedthat...翻譯：據(jù)報(bào)道明天將會下雨。Itisreportedthat_________________________________________我們都知道愛迪生發(fā)明了燈泡。ItiswellknownthatThomasEdison__________thelightbulb.據(jù)報(bào)道宜賓地震已經(jīng)造成了12人死亡。ItisreportedthattheearthquakehappenedinYibin______________12________..Part2鞏固練習(xí)1、基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.→Thework_____________________________intwodays.2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.→Silk_________________inSuzhou.3.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.→AnEnglishsong__________________________bythechildren.4.Youneedn'tdoitnow.→It___________________________byyounow.5.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.→ANewYearCard________________________herbymelastweek.6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.→Metal_________________formakingmachines.7.Hemademedothatforhim.→I_____________________thatforhim.8.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.→Thisbook________________________tothelibrary.9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?→________abridge________herebythemayearago?10.We'llputonanEnglishplayinourschool.→AnEnglishplay______________________oninourschool.11.MoreandmorefarmersbuycolourTVsets.→ColourTVsets____________________moreandmorefarmers.12.Mybrotheroftenmends（修理）hiswatch.→Hiswatch___________________________bymybrother.13.Wemustwatertheflowerseveryday.→Theflowersmust________________(byus)everyday.14.Theyuseknivesforcuttingthings.→Knives_______________forcuttingthings.15.Hemadethefarmersworkforalongtime.→Thefarmers____________________________foralongtime.2、鞏固練習(xí)()1.IthinkcomputetheAItechnology______ineverydaylifebeforelong.A.willuse B.willbeused C.isused D.wasused()2.Oneyear____intofourseasons.A.hasdivided B.isdivided C.divided D.divides()3.Theconcert_____nextFriday.A.willbetakenplace B.willtakeplace C.takesplace D.tookplace()4.We_____tobehereatsixo'clock.A.weretold B.told C.aretold D.willtell()5.English_____allovertheworld.A.speak B.speaks C.isspokento D.isspoken()6.____thesetrees____onthehilltomorrow?A.Willbe…planted B.Will…plantedC.Will…beplanted D.Will…plant()7.He____muchbettertoday.A.isfelt B.felt C.isbeingfelt D.,isfeeling()8.TheBasketballWorldCup_____inChinathisSeptember.A.willhold B.willbeheld C.willbeholded D.willheld()9.Marytoldmethatthestorybookmust_____tothelibraryintwodays.A.bereturn B.bereturned C.beenreturned D.return()10.Thebrokenglass____awaybymealready.A.hasbeenthrew B.hasthrown C.hasbeenthrown D.hasbethrownPart3:拓展練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇題。()1.Vegetables,eggsandmeat____inthisshop.A.sells B.sold C.issold D.aresold()2..Howdoyoumakeyourroom____sonice?A.looks B.tolook C.look D.islooked()3..________thehomework_____byTom? Notyet.A.Has…finished B.Hasbeen…finished CWas…finished D.Has…beenfinished()4..____yourschoollibrary____now?A.Is…built B.Is…beingbuiltC.Does…build D.Is…building()5.Thewoundedsoldiermust_____tohospitalatonce.A.beentaken B.take C.betaken D.beingtaken()6..Thisshirtcan't____bywashing-machine.A.bewashedB.wash C.bewash D.bewashing()7..Thepaperforbooksandnewspapers____fromwoodinthisfactory.A.ismade B.aremadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade()8.MrSmith'swallet_____outsidethegatebyMary.A.wasfoundedB.wasfound C.wasfoundedout D.i