人教版英語中考語法專題復習之非謂語動詞 學案

人教版Goforit英語中考語法專題復習之非謂語動詞非謂語動詞就是在句子中不充當謂語的動詞。它不受主語的限制，也沒有像謂語動詞那樣的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，又稱為非限定動詞，在句子中可以作_________、__________、__________、__________、_________和__________。非謂語動詞包括三種形式：____________、____________和_____________。一、動詞不定式的?？伎键c：不定式的結構： 肯定__________否定________________ 特殊疑問詞+todo(whatsbcandosth)Cathydoesn’tknowwheretogotomorrow=Cathydoesn’tknow_______________________________tomorrow.2.不定式的用法：（1）做主語：TolearnEnglish______(be)noteasyforChinesestudents.=It’snoteasyforChinesestudentstolearnEnglish.(2)做表語：Theteacher’sjobistoteachthestudents.（3）做賓語:常見的動詞有：ask,decide,know,want,try,need等：Weliketofightforourfuture.(4)做賓補:常見的有：ask/tell/ordersb.todosthask/tell/ordersb.nottodosthTheteacherasksusnottospeakinclass. 注意：make/let/have+sb+do.(必須省to)Theboyoftenmakeshislittlesisterlaugh.(5)做定語:常見的有：havesthtodo有……要做agoodplace/timetodosth做……的好地方/時間thefirst/second/thirdtodosth第一個/二個做……的……Ihavenothingtosay.注意：不定式做定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞之間構成邏輯上的動賓關系，所以如果不定式是不及物動詞，則要加上相應的介詞。Iwantapentowritewith.(6)做狀語，表示目的狀語。MyfatherwillgotoBeijingtodosomebusiness.表示原因狀語。主語+be+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth。TomTangiseasyforustostaywith.注意：不定式做原因狀語與句子的主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，所以如果不定式是不及物動詞，則要加上相應的介詞。Theballiseasyforchildrentoplaywith.3.動詞不定式省to的情況：(1)Whynotdo…?=___________________________為什么不……？(2)hadbetter+(not)+do+…?_____________________________________(3)wouldrather+do+…?_______________________________(4)Could/Can/Would/Will/youplease+(not)+dosth…?請做（不要）做…好嗎？(5)使役動詞和感官動詞省to的：一感：__________ 二聽：__________、__________________三使：_______、________、_______ 四看：________、_________、__________、____________注意：主動語態(tài)中要省to，而被動語態(tài)中則要加to.Tinaoftenmakeshersisterdohousework,butsometimesshewasmadetodoitbyhersister.4．常用不定式的句型：(1)________________________________太…而不能…(2)________________________________足夠…可以做…(3)________________________________對…來說做…很…(4)________________________________輪到某人做某事了(5)________________________________該做…的時間了(6)________________________________花了某人多少時間做某事二．V-ing/not+V-ing.------動名詞1.用法：（1）做主語Walking______(be)agoodwaytoexercisefortheold.(2)做表語。Myfavoritesportsisplayingsoccerball.(3)做賓語。做動詞的賓語，常見的動詞有：完成實踐值得忙：_______、________、__________________、____________________繼續(xù)習慣別放棄：____________、_____________________、_____________考慮建議不禁想：__________、___________、____________________________、__________________喜歡思念要介意：___________、__________、_________另外：________________________________花時間做某事________________________________做…很開心___________________________________________做…有問題/麻煩/困難___________________________________________做…很艱難介詞+V-ing.(4)做定語：表示用途，所屬等。Heisinthelivingroom.Weneedtogetadrivinglicense.三．分詞1．分類：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。2.用法：（1）做定語：現(xiàn)在分詞做定語表示_____動；過去分詞做定語表示______動。單個的分詞放在被修飾的名詞前；短語分詞放在被修飾的詞的后面。Doyouknowtheboystandingbythedoor?DoyouknowthemancalledBillGates?(2)做狀語：如果與句子的主語構成邏輯上的主動關系用_________________；如果與句子的主語構成被動關系，要用________________。Thestudentswentintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing._________fromthetopofthehill,thecityisverybeautiful._________fromthetopofthehill,wefindthecityverybeautiful.(3)做表語：interesting/interested;moving/moved;bored/boring…...________表示事物本身的某種特征，性質?！啊旧砹钊恕盻_______表示人“對……感到……”。Iwasexcitedabouttheexcitingfootballmatch.(4)做賓語補足語:現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補足語表示賓語與賓語補足語之間構成主動關系；過去分詞做賓語補足語表示賓語與賓語補足語之間構成被動關系。keepsb.________：讓某人做某事findsb.________：發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事see/watch/notice/hear/feelsb.__________：看見/觀察/注意到/聽到/覺得某人經常做/或已經做過了……see/watch/notice/hear/feelsb.__________：看見/觀察/注意到/聽到/覺得某人正在做……make/havesb.+__________=getsb.todo:makehimdothisorthatmake/havesb.+__________=getsb./sthdone:makehimselfheardletsb._____sth.如：Ioftenhearhim_______asonginhisroom.Nowyoucanhearhim________.(sing)特殊用法：like/love/hate/begin/starttodo/doingsth用todo和doing沒有區(qū)別stop___________停下來去做某事stop___________停止做某事remember/forget___________記得/忘記將要做……remember/forget___________記得/忘記過去做過……try___________盡力做……try___________試著做……mean___________打算做……mean___________意味著……6.allow/permit/advise/forbidsb___________sth:允許/建議/禁止某人做……allow/permit/advise/suggest/forbid___________sth:允許/建議/禁止做……四．含非謂語動詞的習慣句型：1.feellike________sth.想要做…wouldlike/want_______sth.2.prevent/stop/keepsb.(from)________sth.3.go_______結構(目的)：例如，gofishing;goswimming;goshopping……4.bebusy______sth.忙于做…5.keep(on)______sth.連續(xù)/老是做…6.beworth_______sth.。。。值得一做…7.spend…(時間)…doingsth./take(時間)…todosth.8.getusedto_____sth./beusedto_____sth.習慣于…payattentionto_______sth.注意…重視…lookforwardto_______sth.9.prefer________to_______與…相比更喜歡/愛…preferto_______ratherthan________preferstayingathome.toplayingbasketballprefertostayathomeratherthanplaybasketball.10.Itwasverykind/nice/cruel_______youtogivemeahandyesterday.It’sveryimportant/useful_________youtolearnEnglishwellnow11.remember,forget,stop,begin,start,goon,continue中，后接todo或者doing的含義差別很大：例如，Shestoppedtalkingwhentheteachercamein.Shestoppedtotalkwhentheteachercamein.語法鞏固一、用非謂語動詞的適當形式填空：1.Ihope__________(find)agoodjobinaforeigncompanyafterIgraduatefromschool.2.Hefoundithard________________________(catchupwith)hisclassmates.3.Fatherasksme____________(notplay)computergamesbeforefinishingmyhomework.4.AllthechildrenlikeMr.Whiteverymuchbecauseheoftenmakesthem____________(laugh).5.Lethim__________(have)arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongtalk.6.Wehavetworooms___________(live)in,butIcan’tdecidewhichone_____________(choose).7.---BobspeaksChinesequitewell.---Yes,sohedoes.Hepractices___________(speak)Chineseeveryday.8.Before2018wewillfinish_____________(build)theschools.9.Shesaysshedoesn’tfeellike____________（go）outwithyou.10.Theboy______________(stand)intheteacher’sofficewasfoundsmokingyesterday.二、根據漢語提示完成句子1.Imuststop______________.我必須戒煙了。2.Wemustmakeacontributionto________________ourenvironment.我們應該為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻。3.Remember___________anumbrellawithyou.記得帶雨傘。4.Chinaisa___________country.中國是發(fā)展中國家。5.Iprefer_____________TVratherthan____________abook.我寧愿看電視也不愿意讀書。6.Idon’tknow____________________him.我不知道該怎么阻止他。7._______________________thedoor!記住把門鎖上。8.Let’s__________________________.咱們停下來談談吧。9.Heaskedme__________________________thebox.他問我怎樣開那只箱子。10.Thehouseisempty.There’snobody_____________.房子空了，沒人在這里住。三、單項選擇題1.Myparentsdidn’tallowme________totheparty.A.goB.togo C.goes D.went2.Martinwassobusy_________theoldthathegaveuphispart-timejob.A.helpingB.helped C.tohelp D.help3.Iwilltrymybesttostopmysonfrom______thesamemistake.A.makeB.made C.makes D.making4.---Chinaisgettingbetterandbetteratmakinghightechnologyproducts.---That’sright.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardlyavoid________productsmadeinChina.A.notbuyingB.nottobuy C.tobuy D.buying5Weadviseparents________theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A.leavingB.nottoleave C.leave D.toleave6.Whathappenswhenyouhearastrangenoiseatnight,orfindabigspiderinthecornerofyourbedroom?Itoftenmakesus_______________.A.jumpB.tojumpC.jumping D.jumped7.It’snecessaryforus_____________toourparentswhenwehaveproblems.A.totalkB.talkingC.talk8.Mr.Smithtoldhisson___________thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.A.nottowatchB.tonotwatchC.notwatchingD.doesn’twatch9.Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelight____________energy.A.saveB.saving C.saved D.tosave10.Theretiredcoupleenjoy___________photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.A.takeB.took C.totake D.taking11.--Doyouclimbmountainseveryday?---Yes,___________alittleexercise.I’msooutofshape.A.gettingB.get C.got D.toget12.Inorder________forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A.nottobelateB.notbeinglate C.tobelate D.beinglate13.---It’sgettingcold.Wouldyoumind_____________thewindow?---Ofcoursenot.A.closingB.tocloseC.closed14.---Simon,whatdoIneedtotakeforthehiking?---You’dbetter__________morewaterthanusual.It’shottoday.A.totakeB.take C.taking D.took15.---Somechildrencan’tafford__________necessarystationery.---Let’sdonateourpocketmoneytothem.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuy D.bebought能力提升---閱讀填表Ifyouseemtospendmuchofyourlifedoingthingsforotherpeople,ifyou’realwaysorderedtodoanything,youhavetochangeatpresent.Perhapsyoulovebeingwithyourfriends,butdon’tseemtohavethetime.PerhapstheonlyreasonyouwatchTVatnightisbecauseworkingalldayhasmadeyoutired.Whataboutyourparentsandfriends—doyouhaveahappyrelationshipwiththem?I’mnotsuggestingthatyoujustshoutatthenextpersonaroundyou,butIamsuggestingyousitdownwithafreshpieceofpaperandmakelistsaboutyourlife.Knowingyouropinionstowardssomethingisoneofthemostimportantthingsthatapersoncando.Itgivesusrenewedpurpose.WritedownthethingsthatMEANTHEMOSTTOYOU.Behonest!Don’twritethingsthatyoufeel“should”bewritten.Don’tgetridofthingsthatmayseemsilly,either.Ifyourjobisterrible,don’twrite“job”.Ifyourfriendisafool,don’twrite“friend”.Ifyourcatmeansmoretoyouthanworldpeace,write“cat”.Now,inaseparatelist,writedownthethingsYouAreInterestedIn.Again,don’tcensor(刪改)yourself.Don’tnoticethatlittlevoiceinyourheadsays“Youcan’t---you’renotgoodenough”.Tellittostop.Startwriting!Ifyouareoverweightorpregnant,don’tbeafraidtowrite“athlete”.Ifyouarelonely,don’tbeafraidtowrite“friends”.Ifyoudriveataxi,don’tbeafraidtowrite“internetmillionaire”. Onceyouhavelistedboththethingsthattrulymeanthemosttoyouinyourlife,andthethingsyouwouldreallylovetoachieve,makingachangeinyourlifebecomeseasier.Theprocessofcontrollingyourlifeisnotterriblydifficult.Bymakingsimplelists,youhavebeenclearer.Nowyoujustneedtoactquickly.Title:Tocontrolourlife,wejustneedpaperto1._________________________ProblemsAdviceIt2._________________muchtimetodothingsforotherpeople.Otherpersonsalways3.______________youtodosomething.Youdon’tseemtohavethetimeto4.__________________________.Studyingalldayhasmadeyousotired5.__________________________.Youarenotsuretohaveahappyrelationshipwithyourparentsandfriends.Sittingdownwithafreshpieceofpaper,6.________________________________andknowingyouropinionsarethemostimportantthings.Behonesttowritedownthethingsthatat7.__________________________.Don’twritethingsthatyoufeel“should”bewritten.Don’tgetridof8.____________things.WritedownthethingsYouAreInterestedIn.Wedon’tcensor9._________________.Afterlistingboththethingsthattrulymeanthemosttoyouinyourlife,andthethingsyouwouldreallylovetoachieve,youcan10.______________________________________moreeasily.Homework一、單項選擇Iregret____________tomyheadteacher,notlisteningtohim.A.talkback B.totalkback C.talkingback D.talkwithEvenTony’ssix-year-oldsonaskedhim__________smoking.stopsB.stopped C.stoppingD.tostop---Doyouoftengotothecinema?---Iprefer_________moviesathomeratherthan________tothecinema.watching;goingB.towatch;togoC.watching;goD.towatch;goMymotheralwayswantsme________morevegetablesfordinner.eat B.eating C.eatenD.toeat__________thecustomers,therestaurantowneroffersa10%discount(折扣)forallthedishes.Pleasing B.TopleaseC.Please D.PleasedRichardturnedoffthecomputerafterhehadfinished_________theemail.write B.towrite C.writing D.wroteGuoDegangisafamouscrosstalkperformer.Healwaysmakespeople__________.laughs B.laugh C.laughing D.tolaugh---Iprefer______withapento__________onthecomputerbecauseItypesoslowly.---SodoI.write;typing B.towrite;type C.writing;type D.writing;typingIspenttwodays_______readingthestorybook.finish B.finishedC.finishingD.