甘肅省天水市 2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第一學(xué)段檢測英語試題（含答案）

第22頁/共22頁2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期第一學(xué)段檢測考試英語試題滿分：150分時間：120分鐘注意事項：1.答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息。2.請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上。第I卷(選擇題)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。1.Whotypedthearticle?A.Lucy.B.Mary.C.Barbara.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahouse.B.Afriend.C.Agarden.3.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A.Shocked.B.Concerned.C.Regretful.4.Whatcolorwerethesocksbeforetheywerewashed?A.White.B.Pink.C.Red.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Choosingwhichrestauranttoeatin.B.Makingchickensoup.C.Orderingthedishes.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的a、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題$秒鐘聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotothesupermarket.B.Prepareinner.C.Makealist.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwillthemanseeafterdrivingforamile?A.Asign.B.Ahouse.C.Abridge.9.HowfarisSunnyFarmfromhere?A.2miles.B.2.5miles.C.3miles.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Driverandpassenger.B.Farmerandtrader.C?Strangers.聽第8段材料，回答第11至14題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Inthesportscenter.12.Whywon’tthewomangoforawalktonight?A.Shefeelstired.B.Shealreadyhasplans.C.Theweatherisn’tgood.13Whatdothespeakersplantodoatlast?A.Gotothemall.B.Watchamovie.C.Playtabletennis.14.Whattimeisitnow?A.6:00p,m.B.7:30p.m.C,9:00p.m-聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題15.Whatisthewoman?A,Ahostess.BAdirector.C.Amusician.16.Whichinstrumentdoesthemanlikebest?A.Thepiano.B.Thedrums.C.Theguitar.17.Whntwillthemanbebusywiththisweekend?A.AmusicshowB.Aninterview.C.Bandpractice聽第10段材料,問答笫18至20題。18.HowdidPeiHaozhcnglearnorigamiatfirst?A.Frombooks.B.FromJapaneseartists.C.Fromteachersandparents.19.WhatdocsPeiHaozhengthinkoforigami?A.Popular.B.Creative.C.Difficult.20.WhatdoesPeiHaozhenghopetodo?A.Takepartinmorecompetitions.B.HelpdevelopChineseculturewithhisfolds.C.Makehisownworksinsteadofcopyingothers.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題。每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWorldBookDay,alsoknownasWorldBookandCopyrightDay,isayearlyeventorganizedbytheUNESCOtopromotereading,publishingandcopyright.ThefirstWorldBookDaywascelebratedonApril23in1995.Asthisyear’sdayforknowledgeiscoming,let’stakealookattheworld’sfascinatinglibrariesandenjoytheircharm.LibraryofAlexandriaTheAlexandriaLibraryinAlexandria,Egypt,wasoneofthelargestandmostsignificantlibrariesoftheancientworld.Thelibrary,destroyedin415ADandrebuiltin2002,isnotonlyalibrary,butalsoamuseumandscientificresearchinstitution(機(jī)構(gòu)).ItisknownastheEgyptianculturalcenterandalighthouseofthought,cultureandscience.NationalLibraryofIndonesiaTheIndonesianNationalLibrary,locatedinJakarta,thecapitalofIndonesia,hasthemostcompletecollectionofpublicationsinthecountry,recordingthehistory,cultureandinformationofIndonesiainvarioustimes.Manuscripts(手稿)writtenonleaves,bamboosandIndonesiannativepaperaresomeoftherare(罕有的)itemskeptinthecollection.VasconcelosLibraryVasconcelosLibraryislocatedinthedowntownareaofMexicocity.ItwasdesignedbythefamousMexicanarchitectAlbertoKalach,andnamedafterJoseVasconcelos,thephilosopherandformerpresidentoftheNationalLibraryofMexico.ItwascompletedinMay2006andopenedtothepublic.MazarinLibraryMazarinLibraryislocatedwithintheInstituteofFrance,ontheleftbankofSeineinParis.Createdinthe17thcentury,ithasoneoftherichestcollectionsofrarebooksandmanuscriptsinmodernFrance,andistheoldestpubliclibraryinthecountry.1.Whichofthefollowingkeepmanuscriptsascollectionsaccordingtothetext?A.VasconcelosLibraryandMazarinLibrary.B.LibraryofAlexandriaandMazarinLibrary.C.NationalLibraryofIndonesiaandMazarinLibrary.D.NationalLibraryofIndonesiaandVasconcelosLibrary.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelibraries?A.LibraryofAlexandriaisthebiggestinEgypt.B.NationalLibraryofIndonesiaisalsoaculturalcenter.C.VasconcelosLibrarywasnamedafteritsdesigner.D.ThemostancientpubliclibraryofFranceliesinParis.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToreportWorldBookDay. B.Tosuggesttravelingabroad.C.Tosharevariouscollectionsofbooks. D.Tointroducesomewonderfullibraries.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章以世界讀書日為契機(jī)，介紹了世界上幾個很棒的圖書館的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Manuscripts(手稿)writtenonleaves,bamboosandIndonesiannativepaperaresomeoftherare(罕有的)itemskeptinthecollection.(用樹葉、竹子和印尼紙書寫的手稿是收藏中的一些稀有物品。)”以及最后一段中的“Createdinthe17thcentury,ithasoneoftherichestcollectionsofrarebooksandmanuscriptsinmodernFrance,andistheoldestpubliclibraryinthecountry.(它建于17世紀(jì)，是現(xiàn)代法國最豐富的稀有書籍和手稿收藏之一，也是法國最古老的公共圖書館。)”可知，把手稿作為收藏品的圖書館有兩個，分別為NationalLibraryofIndonesia和MazarinLibrary。故選C項。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“MazarinLibraryislocatedwithintheInstituteofFrance,ontheleftbankofSeineinParis.Createdinthe17thcentury,ithasoneoftherichestcollectionsofrarebooksandmanuscriptsinmodernFrance,andistheoldestpubliclibraryinthecountry.(馬扎林圖書館位于巴黎塞納河左岸的法蘭西學(xué)院內(nèi)。它建于17世紀(jì)，是現(xiàn)代法國最豐富的稀有書籍和手稿收藏之一，也是法國最古老的公共圖書館。)”可知，MazarinLibrary是法國最古老的公共圖書館，位于巴黎塞納河左岸的法蘭西學(xué)院內(nèi)。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“Asthisyear’sdayforknowledgeiscoming,let’stakealookattheworld’sfascinatinglibrariesandenjoytheircharm.(今年的“知識日”即將來臨，讓我們一起來看看世界上迷人的圖書館，領(lǐng)略它們的魅力。)”可知，本文的目的是介紹幾個世界上著名的圖書館。故選D項。BDoyouknowwhatelements(要素)makepeoplesuccessful?Interviewsandinvestigationsindicatethatthereareseveralkeystosuccessthatsuccessfulpeopleshare.Firstofall,successfulpeopleneverblamesomeoneorsomethingoutsideofthemselvesfortheirfailure.Theyrealizethattheirfutureliesintheirownhands.Theyunderstandthattheycannotcontrolsomethingsinlife,suchasnature,thepastandotherpeople.Butinthemeantime,theyarewellawarethattheycancontroltheirownthoughtsandactions.Theytakeresponsibilityfortheirlifeandregardthisasoneofthemostempoweringthingstheycando.Perhapswhatmostseparatesuccessfulpeoplefromothersisthattheylivetheirlife“onpurpose”—theyaredoingwhattheybelievetheyareputheretodo.Intheiropinion,havingapurposeintheirlifeisthemostimportantelementthatenablesthemtobecomefullyfunctioningpeople.Theyholdthatwhentheylivetheirlifeonpurpose,theirmainconcernistodothejobright.Becauseoftheircommitment(投身；獻(xiàn)身),peoplearewillingtodobusinesswiththem,anditisalwaysfoundinthem.Tolivetheirlifeonpurpose,successfulpeoplefindacausetheybelieveinandcreateabusinessaroundit.Besides,theynevereasilygiveup.Oncetheyhavesetupgoalsintheirlife,theyarewillingtodowhateverittakestoachievetheirgoals.Insteadofseeingitnegativelyordepressingly,theyusetheknowledgetospur(激勵)themselvesonandgoafterwhattheywantenergeticallyandpassionately.4.Bylivinglife“onpurpose”,successfulpeopledothefollowingthingsexcept________.A.sticktotheirgoalsallthetime B.concentrateontheirjobsC.dobusinesswithmanypeople D.controlotherpeople’sthoughts5.Theunderlinedword“it”inthesecondparagraphrefersto________.A.thecommitmentwithsuccessfulpeopleB.thejobthatsuccessfulpeopledoC.themainconcernofsuccessfulpeopleD.thebusinesssuccessfulpeopledo6.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisNOTtrue?A.Whatthesuccessfulpeopleconcernmostishowtodothejobright.B.Successfulpeopleusetheknowledgetoinspireotherstogoaftertheirgoals.C.Successfulpeopleneverseekexcusesfortheirfailure.D.Asforsuccessfulpeople,havingapurposeintheirlifeisthemostimportantfactor.7.Whatmightbethesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.HowSuccessfulPeopleDoBusiness.B.HowPeopleLiveTheirLifeonPurpose.C.HowCanPeopleBeSuccessful?D.HowCanPeopleDoTheirOwnThings?【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了使人成功的因素和成功人士身上的特點?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyunderstandthattheycannotcontrolsomethingsinlife,suchasnature,thepastandotherpeople.Butinthemeantime,theyarewellawarethattheycancontroltheirownthoughtsandactions.(他們明白自己無法控制生活中的某些事情，如自然、過去和其他人。但與此同時，他們很清楚自己可以控制自己的思想和行為)”可知，成功人士清楚自己可以控制自己的想法和行為，但是無法控制其他人的想法。故選D項。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyholdthatwhentheylivetheirlifeonpurpose,theirmainconcernistodothejobright.Becauseoftheircommitment,peoplearewillingtodobusinesswiththem,anditisalwaysfoundinthem.(他們認(rèn)為，當(dāng)他們有目的地生活時，他們主要關(guān)心的是把工作做好。由于他們的奉獻(xiàn)，人們愿意與他們做生意，這一點總是可以在他們身上找到)”可知，成功人士的奉獻(xiàn)精神總是存在于他們身上，it指的是“成功人士所做的工作”。故選A項。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Insteadofseeingitnegativelyordepressingly,theyusetheknowledgetospurthemselvesonandgoafterwhattheywantenergeticallyandpassionately.(他們沒有消極或沮喪地看待它，而是用這些知識激勵自己，并充滿活力和激情地追求自己想要的東西)”可知，他們利用這些知識來激勵自己，積極而熱情地追求自己想要的東西，沒有提及激勵其他人。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouknowwhatelementsmakepeoplesuccessful?Interviewsandinvestigationsindicatethatthereareseveralkeystosuccessthatsuccessfulpeopleshare.(你知道人們成功的要素是什么嗎？訪談和調(diào)查表明，成功人士都有成功的幾個關(guān)鍵因素)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了使人成功的因素和成功人士身上的特點，所以“人們?nèi)绾尾拍艹晒?？”可以作為文章?biāo)題。故選C項。CWeareoftensoattractedbythepromisesofmodemdigitallifethatwefailtonoticeitsdanger.It’sthatfeelingoflosingcontrolthatwegetadozentimesaday,fromwhenwegetdistracted(分心)withourphonesinadiscussiontowhenwecan’tappreciateaprivatemomentwithoutsharingitwithvirtualaudience.Inmyfirstattempttogetcontrolovermytechnologyuse,Isetmyphonetovibrateratherthanring.Soonafter,anotherproblemappeared.Theactofcontinuallycheckingthephonebecameahabit.Iknewthenthatusingonlytipstopermanentlyreformdigitallifeisdifficult.Weshouldgopastthenotificationsettings(通知模式)onourdevicesorappsandconsiderthemoreessentialtopicofwhyweusesomanyappsinthefirstplace.Whatallofuswhoarestrugglingwiththesechallengesneedisatechnologyusagephilosophy,somethingthatexplainsfromthegroundupwhichdigitaltoolsweallowintoourlives,why,andunderwhatconditions.CalNewport,aprofessorofcomputerscience,definesDigitalMinimalism(極簡主義)asa“philosophyoftechnologyuseinwhichyoufocusyouronlinetimeonasmallnumberofcarefullyselectedactivitiesthatstronglysupportthethingsyouvalue,andthenhappilymissoutoneverythingelse.”Todoso,however,wecannotpassivelyallowthetoolsandappsprovidedbytheinternetagetocontrolhowwespendourtimeorhowwefeel.Instead,wemusttakestepstodrawthepositiveaspectsofthesetechnologieswhilesidesteppingthenegativeaspects.8.Whatdoes“itsdanger”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Feelingdepressed.B.Gettingdistractedinadiscussion.C.Givingupprivatemoments.D.Losingcontrolofyourdigitallife.9.Whydoestheauthormentionhisownexperiences?A.Tomakeacomparison.B.Toexplainaphenomenon.C.Tobringinabettersolution.D.Toclarifymisunderstandings.10.Whichofthefollowingwilldigitalminimalistsagreeto?A.Ignoringthesideeffectofdigitaltools.B.Devotingyourscreentimetovaluablethings.C.Spendingmoretimeselectinginformation.D.Gettingawayfromentertainmentapps.11.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Reformsinlife.B.Technologychallenges.C.Appsandsocialmediasites.D.Technologyusagephilosophy.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在這個數(shù)字信息時代，人們?nèi)菀妆豢萍籍a(chǎn)品所控制，如果人類不想被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的工具所控制，就要學(xué)會利用這些技術(shù)的積極方面，避開消極方面?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前半句“Weareoftensoattractedbythepromisesofmodemdigitallife(我們常常被現(xiàn)代數(shù)字生活的許諾所吸引)”和后句“It’sthatfeelingoflosingcontrolthatwegetadozentimesaday,fromwhenwegetdistracted(分心)withourphonesinadiscussiontowhenwecan’tappreciateaprivatemomentwithoutsharingitwithvirtualaudience.(這種失控的感覺每天都會出現(xiàn)十幾次，從我們在討論時因為手機(jī)而分心，到我們因為無法與虛擬觀眾分享而不能享受私人時刻。)”可知，這里所指的危害是指對失去對數(shù)字生活的控制。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Weshouldgopastthenotificationsettings(通知模式)onourdevicesorappsandconsiderthemoreessentialtopicofwhyweusesomanyappsinthefirstplace.Whatallofuswhoarestrugglingwiththesechallengesneedisatechnologyusagephilosophy,somethingthatexplainsfromthegroundupwhichdigitaltoolsweallowintoourlives,why,andunderwhatconditions.(我們應(yīng)該跳過設(shè)備或應(yīng)用程序的通知設(shè)置，考慮一下更重要的主題：為什么我們首先要使用這么多應(yīng)用程序。我們所有與這些挑戰(zhàn)抗?fàn)幍娜硕夹枰环N技術(shù)使用哲學(xué)，一種從根本上解釋我們允許哪些數(shù)字工具進(jìn)入我們的生活，為什么，以及在什么條件下。)”可知，作者提出了一個更好的解決方案。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“CalNewport,aprofessorofcomputerscience,definesDigitalMinimalism(極簡主義)asa“philosophyoftechnologyuseinwhichyoufocusyouronlinetimeonasmallnumberofcarefullyselectedactivitiesthatstronglysupportthethingsyouvalue,andthenhappilymissoutoneverythingelse.”(計算機(jī)科學(xué)教授CalNewport將數(shù)字極簡主義定義為“一種技術(shù)使用的哲學(xué)，你把你的上網(wǎng)時間集中在一小部分精心挑選的你所重視的活動上，然后愉快地放棄其他一切事。)”可推斷，極簡主義者上網(wǎng)用來做自己最重視的事情。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Todoso,however,wecannotpassivelyallowthetoolsandappsprovidedbytheinternetagetocontrolhowwespendourtimeorhowwefeel.Instead,wemusttakestepstodrawthepositiveaspectsofthesetechnologieswhilesidesteppingthenegativeaspects.(然而，要做到這一點，我們不能被動地讓互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代提供的工具和應(yīng)用程序來控制我們?nèi)绾位ㄙM(fèi)時間或如何感受。相反，我們必須措施，汲取這些技術(shù)的積極方面，同時避開消極方面。)”及全文可知，本篇文章主要介紹的是技術(shù)使用的哲學(xué)，故選D。DI’vealwaysfoundthathikinginnaturemakesmefeelhappier,andofcoursedecreasedstressmaybeabigpartofthereasonwhy.But,GregoryBratman,ofStanfordUniversity,hasfoundevidencethatnaturemayimpactourmood(心情)inotherways,too.Inone2015study,Bratmanandhiscolleagueschose60volunteerstotakea50-minutewalkineitheranaturalsettingoranurbansetting.Beforeandafterthewalk,thevolunteerswereassessedontheiremotionalstateandoncognitive(認(rèn)知的)measures,suchashowwelltheycouldperformtasksrequiringshort-termmemory.Resultsshowedthatthosewhowalkedinnatureexperiencedlessanxietyandrumination(focusedattentiononunsatisfyingsideofoneself),aswellasmorepositiveemotions,incomparisontotheurbanwalkers.Theyalsoimprovedtheirperformanceonthememorytasks.Inanotherstudyin2017,heandhiscolleaguesfurtheredthesefindingsbyfocusingonhowwalkinginnatureaffectsrumination—whichhasbeenassociatedwiththeonsetofanxiety—whilealsousingfMRItechnologytolookatbrainactivity.Volunteerswhotooka90-minutewalkineitheranaturalsettingoranurbansettinghadtheirbrainsscanned(掃描)beforeandaftertheirwalksandweresurveyedonself-reportedruminationlevels.Evensovolunteerswhowalkedinanaturalsettingreporteddecreasedruminationafterthewalk,andtheyshowedincreasedactivityinthesubgenualprefrontalcortex,anareaofthebrainwhoseinactivityisrelatedtodepressionandanxiety—afindingthatsuggestsnaturemayhaveimportantimpactsonmood.Bratmanbelievesresultsliketheseneedtoreachcityplannersandotherswhosedecisionsimpactournaturalspaces.“Ecosystemservicesarebeingincludedintodecisionmakingatalllevelsofpublicpolicy,landuseplanning,andurbandesign,andit’sveryimportanttobesuretoincludefindingsfrompsychologyintothesedecisions,”hesays.12.Whatdidthe2015studyfindaboutpeoplewalkinginnature?A.Theirmemorywasimproved.B.Theirmoodremainedthesame.C.Theyhadmorechancetosucceed.D.Theypreferredlivinginanaturalsetting.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Bratman’stheory. B.Theresultsofthe2017study.C.Theprocessofthe2017study. D.Thevolunteers’performance.14.WhatdoesBratmanthinkthestudyresultsshouldbeappliedto?A.Housedesigning. B.Cityplanning.C.Physicaltraining. D.Healtheducation.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ScienceContributestoBetterHealthB.WaystoReduceStressandLiftMoodC.StudiesShowVariousBenefitsofHikingD.NatureMakesYouHappierandLessAnxious【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在大自然中行走可以減輕人們的焦慮，讓人們更快樂?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Resultsshowedthatthosewhowalkedinnatureexperiencedlessanxietyandrumination(focusedattentiononunsatisfyingsideofoneself),aswellasmorepositiveemotions,incomparisontotheurbanwalkers.Theyalsoimprovedtheirperformanceonthememorytasks.”(結(jié)果表明，與城市步行者相比，那些在大自然中行走的人經(jīng)歷了更少的焦慮和反芻思考（將注意力集中在自己不令人滿意的一面），擁有更多的積極情緒。他們還提高了在記憶任務(wù)上的表現(xiàn)。)可知，2015年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在大自然中行走的人提高了在記憶任務(wù)上的表現(xiàn)，由此可知，2015年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在大自然中行走的人的記憶力提高了。故選A項?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Inanotherstudyin2017,heandhiscolleaguesfurtheredthesefindingsbyfocusingonhowwalkinginnatureaffectsrumination—whichhasbeenassociatedwiththeonsetofanxiety—whilealsousingfMRItechnologytolookatbrainactivity.Volunteerswhotooka90-minutewalkineitheranaturalsettingoranurbansettinghadtheirbrainsscanned(掃描)beforeandaftertheirwalksandweresurveyedonself-reportedruminationlevels.”(在2017年的另一項研究中，他和他的同事進(jìn)一步研究了這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，重點關(guān)注了在大自然中行走如何影響反芻思考——這與焦慮的發(fā)作有關(guān)，同時還使用核磁共振技術(shù)觀察大腦活動。在自然環(huán)境或城市環(huán)境中步行90分鐘的志愿者在步行前后進(jìn)行大腦掃描，并對其自述的反芻思考水平進(jìn)行調(diào)查。)可知，第三段主要介紹了2017年研究的過程，讓志愿者在自然環(huán)境或城市環(huán)境中步行90分鐘，然后在步行前后對志愿者進(jìn)行大腦掃描，并對其自述的反芻思考水平進(jìn)行調(diào)查，由此可知，第三段主要講的是2017年研究的過程。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Bratmanbelievesresultsliketheseneedtoreachcityplannersandotherswhosedecisionsimpactournaturalspaces.”(布拉特曼認(rèn)為，這樣的結(jié)果需要傳達(dá)給城市規(guī)劃師和其他決策會影響我們自然空間的人。)可知，布拉特曼認(rèn)為，這樣的結(jié)果需要傳達(dá)給城市規(guī)劃師，將這些研究結(jié)果應(yīng)用于城市規(guī)劃，由此可知，布拉特曼認(rèn)為研究結(jié)果應(yīng)該應(yīng)用在城市規(guī)劃上。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段關(guān)鍵句“Resultsshowedthatthosewhowalkedinnatureexperiencedlessanxietyandrumination(focusedattentiononunsatisfyingsideofoneself),aswellasmorepositiveemotions,incomparisontotheurbanwalkers.”(結(jié)果表明，與城市步行者相比，那些在大自然中行走的人經(jīng)歷了更少的焦慮和反芻思考（將注意力集中在自己不令人滿意的一面），擁有更多的積極情緒。)可知，本文介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在大自然中行走可以減輕人們的焦慮，讓人們更快樂，“NatureMakesYouHappierandLessAnxious”意為“大自然讓你更快樂，更少焦慮”，選項能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題。每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Forthequestionofhowtosetgoals,wehaveaverysimpleprocessthatyoucangothroughtosetyourpersonalgoals.Thesestepscanhelpyouachieveyourgoalsmoreeasily.Identifyyourpersonalvaluesandtaskstatements.___16___Ifyoucanidentityyourpersonalvaluesyourpersonalgoalwillnotgowrong.Thestartingpointofallachievementsisdesire.___17___Afteryouknowyourpersonalvalues,findoutwhatyoureallywanttoachieveineverylifeaspect.Lifehasmanyaspectsandinordertoleadahappylife,youshouldsetgoalsineveryaspect.Writeyourgoalsdown.Pleasepayattentiontothis.Makesureyouaremakingprogress.Ifnot,theywillonlybecomedreams.Youshouldlimityourgoalstobetween5and6atanyonetime.___18___Asyouprogressandcompleteyourgoals,youmayaddnewgoals.Developapersonalactionplan.Youneedtomakeadetailedscheduleaccordingtoyourgoals.___19___Reviewyourprogressandupdateyourgoalsaccordingly.Youmustwriteyourgoalsdownonapieceofpaper.Ifyourgoalsarenotmet,analyzethereasons.Findacoachorfriendtohelpyouifyouhavetrouble.Realizeyourgoalsstepbystep.___20___A.Figureoutwhatyouwanttoachieve.B.Yourpersonalvalueisthebigdirection.CDevelopapersonalactionplanandfollowit.D.It'struethatgoalsettingisalifelongprocess.E.Ifyouwanttosucceed,youneedpreparewell.F.Findoutmoreofmonitoringtheprocessofgoalsetting.G.Toachieveyourgoalsyouhavetofocusyoureffortsandenergy.【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何設(shè)置個人目標(biāo)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Identifyyourpersonalvaluesandtaskstatements.(確定你的個人價值觀和任務(wù)。)”和下一句“Ifyoucanidentityyourpersonalvalues,yourpersonalgoalwillnotgowrong.(如果你能識別你的個人價值觀，你的個人目標(biāo)不會出錯。)”可知，空格處內(nèi)容為個人價值觀對于目標(biāo)的作用。故B選項“Yourpersonalvalueisthebigdirection.(你的個人價值是大方向)”切題，“identityyourpersonalvalues”對應(yīng)“Yourpersonalvalue”。故選B。【17題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，由空后內(nèi)容“Afteryouknowyourpersonalvalues,findoutwhatyoureallywanttoachieveineverylifeaspect.(在你知道你的個人價值之后，找出你在生活的各個方面真正想要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。)”可知，本段主要講的是要找到自己的目標(biāo)，A選項“Figureoutwhatyouwanttoachieve.(弄清楚你想要實現(xiàn)什么。)”說明了要找到自己的目標(biāo)，概括了本段主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選A?！?8題詳解】空前說“Makesureyouaremakingprogress.Ifnot,theywillonlybecomedreams.Youshouldlimityourgoalstobetween5and6atanyonetime.(確保你正在取得進(jìn)步。否則，它們只會成為夢想。你應(yīng)該把你的目標(biāo)限制在5到6個之間。)”，空格后說“Asyouprogressandcompleteyourgoals,youmayaddnewgoals.(隨著你的進(jìn)步和完成你的目標(biāo)，你可能會添加新的目標(biāo)。)”，空格處內(nèi)容應(yīng)和實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)有關(guān)，G選項“Toachieveyourgoalsyouhavetofocusyoureffortsandenergy.(為了實現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)，你必須集中你的努力和精力。)”說明了實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)需要努力和精力，其中的goals和前面的goals相一致，因此G選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】空前說“Developapersonalactionplan.Youneedtomakeadetailedscheduleaccordingtoyourgoals.(制定個人行動計劃。你需要根據(jù)你的目標(biāo)制定一個詳細(xì)的時間表。)”，空格處也應(yīng)和“個人計劃”有關(guān)，C選項“Developapersonalactionplanandfollowit.(制定一個個人行動計劃并遵循它。)”中的“personalactionplan”和前面的“personalactionplan”相一致，說明了制定計劃后還要遵循它，因此C選項承接上文，符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】空前說“Ifyourgoalsarenotmet,analyzethereasons.Findacoachorfriendtohelpyouifyouhavetrouble.Realizeyourgoalsstepbystep.(如果你的目標(biāo)沒有實現(xiàn)，分析原因。如果你遇到困難，找一個教練或朋友來幫助你。一步一步實現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。)”，F(xiàn)選項“Findoutmoreofmonitoringtheprocessofgoalsetting.(找出更多關(guān)于監(jiān)控目標(biāo)設(shè)定過程的方法。)”說明了要監(jiān)控目標(biāo)設(shè)定的過程，和前面的“Realizeyourgoalsstepbystep”相呼應(yīng)，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共20小題。每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Johngraduatedfromakeyuniversityandhewasverygoodathismajor.Hewishedtofindagoodjob.Oneday,hewenttoacompanyto___21___forajob.Hegotthenewsinanewspaper.Hedidsomeresearchonthiscompany.Whenhewas___22___everythingwentwell.Themanageraskedhimsomequestionsandheansweredthem___23___,Johnwasverysatisfiedwithhisperformancesandwasvery___24___thathecouldgetthejob.Butatthatmoment,themanager’sphone___25___,hepickedupthephone,listenedandnodded.AndthenheturnedaroundandsaidtoJohn,“Sorry,Iwanttogetsomeimportant___26___now.Pleasegivemethebookwiththered___27___onthatdesk?”Johnlookedaroundandfound3booksonthedesk,soJohnwenttothedesk,tookonebookandhandedittohim___28___.Holdingthebook,themanager___29___thephoneandsaid,“Sorry,wecannotgivethejobtoyou.”Johnwas___30___andwonderedwhy.Themanagersaid,“Therearethree___31___.First,whenyoucameintotheofficeroom,Ifoundthatthethirdbuttononyourshirthadbeenmissing.Second,therearethreebookswithredcoversonthatdesk,butyoudidn’taskmewhichoneIneededandyoutookone___32___.Third,Iwasansweringthecall.Youshould___33___tothedesktosavetime.These___34___showedyouarenotacarefulperson.”Therefore,Johndidn’tgetthejob.Wecanlearna(n)___35___fromJohn’sexperience.Somepeopledon’t___36___thedetailsinourlife.Butitisthedetailsthat___37___.Notonlyshouldwevaluewhatwelearnbutalsoweshouldpaymoreattentiontothedetails.Sometimestheycaneven___38___oursuccessorfailure.Weshouldformthehabitofbeingcarefulandlearntokeepthe___39___ofquantityandquality.Weshouldkeepitinmindthat___40___comesfirst,withoutwhichquantityisofnoimportance.21.A.vote B.apply C.prepare D.wait22.A.interviewed B.contacted C.invited D.injured23.A.immediately B.slowly C.fluently. D.generally24.A.grateful B.excited C.lucky D.confident25.A.lost B.called C.answered D.rang26.A.arrangement B.expectation C.function D.information27.A.picture B.cover C.character D.mark28.A.politely B.eagerly C.purposely D.angrily29.A.searchedfor B.pickedup C.hungup D.turnedon30.A.helpless B.surprised C.interested D.worried31.A.methods B.results C.collections D.reasons32A.randomly B.finally C.regularly D.nervously33.A.rush B.run C.walk D.move34.A.parts B.facts C.details D.stories35.A.subject B.idea C.skill D.lesson36.A.mention B.mind C.ignore D.provide37.A.count B.trouble C.interest D.recover38.A.replace B.describe C.determine D.value39.A.choice B.importance C.position D.balance40.A.quality B.quantity C.safety D.promise【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.D26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D36.B37.A38.C39.D40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為記敘文。文章講述了約翰求職的故事，講述了生活中的道理——細(xì)節(jié)的重要性。我們要在生活中養(yǎng)成關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的習(xí)慣。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，他去一家公司應(yīng)聘一份工作。A.vote投票；B.apply應(yīng)用，申請；C.prepare準(zhǔn)備；D.wait等候。由上文的“Hewishedtofindagoodjob”可知，他是去找工作，applyfor為固定搭配，意為“申請，請求”。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在他面試的過程中，一切都很順利。A.interviewed面試；B.contacted聯(lián)系，接觸；C.invited邀請；D.injure受傷。根據(jù)上文他找工作和下文“Themanageraskedhimsomequestions”可知，他在面試過程中一切都很順利。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)理問了他一些問題，他回答得很流利，約翰對他的表現(xiàn)非常滿意，非常確信他能得到這份工作。A.immediately立刻，馬上地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.fluently.流利地；D.generally通常地。根據(jù)后文的“Johnwasverysatisfiedwithhisperformances”可知，他對自己的面試感到滿意，由此推知，面試過程中，他流利地回答了經(jīng)理的問題。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)理問了他一些問題，他回答得很流利，約翰對他的表現(xiàn)非常滿意，非常確信他能得到這份工作。A.grateful感激的；B.excited激動的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.confident自信的。結(jié)合前文，面試的時候?qū)?jīng)理的問題對答如流和對自己的表現(xiàn)很滿意可知，John很自信，相信自己一定可以得到這份工作。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但就在那一刻，經(jīng)理的電話響了，他拿起電話，聽著點了點頭。A.lost丟失；B.called呼叫；C.answered回答；D.rang響起。結(jié)合后文“Hepickedupthephone”可知，是經(jīng)理的電話響了。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他轉(zhuǎn)過身來，對約翰說：“對不起，我現(xiàn)在想得到一些重要的信息。”A.arrangement安排；B.expectation預(yù)料，期望；C.function功能；D.information信息。根據(jù)經(jīng)理的問題“Pleasegivemethebookwiththered7onthatdesk?”和下文可知，經(jīng)理提出找書是為了更多地了解約翰，獲得更多信息。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：請問你可以把那張桌子上有紅色封面的書遞給我嗎？A.picture圖片，照片；B.cover封面；C.character品質(zhì)，角色；D.mark符號，標(biāo)志。根據(jù)句中“withthered”后文的“Second,therearethreebookswithredcoversonthatdesk,butyoudidn’taskmewhichoneIneededandyoutookone12”可知，紅色封面是經(jīng)理要找的書的特征。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰環(huán)顧四周，發(fā)現(xiàn)桌子上有3本書，于是約翰走到書桌前，拿了一本書禮貌地遞給他。A.politely禮貌地；B.eagerly迫切地；C.purposely故意地；D.angrily生氣地。結(jié)合文意和常識，在面試的過程中，經(jīng)理要求他遞一本書，理應(yīng)是禮貌地遞過去。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)理拿著書，掛了電話說：“對不起，我們不能把工作給你?！盇.searchedfor調(diào)查，尋找；B.pickedup撿起，接電話；C.hungup掛斷；D.turnedon打開，調(diào)高。根據(jù)前文的“pickedupthephone”可知，此處是掛斷電話。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰很吃驚，想知道為什么。A.helpless無助的；B.surprised吃驚的；C.interested感興趣的；D.worried擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)前文“Johnwasverysatisfiedwithhisperformances”