《英語語言學(xué)概論》期末考試樣卷1

I．DecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrue(T)orFalse(F).(10points,1pointeach)ArticulatoryPhoneticsstudiesthephysicalpropertiesofspeechsounds.Adjectivesbelongtoopenclasswords.JohnAustinmadethedistinctionbetweenaconstativeandaperformative.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.Englishisatypicalintonationlanguage.Phonesincomplementarydistributionshouldbeassignedtothesamephoneme.Pragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.Therearewordsofmoreorlessthesamemeaningusedindifferentregionaldialects.Transformationsaretheruleswhichcanchangethemeaningofsentence.Senseandreferencearetwodifferentnotionsofsemantics,andtheyarerelatedtoeachother.Fillinthefollowingblanks.(10points,1pointeach)Theword“and”isacconjunction.Linguisticcisanativespeaker’slinguisticknowledgeofhislanguage.Therelationshipbetweenthesoundandthemeaningofawordisa.Amisthesmallestlinguisticunitthatcarriesmeaning.Asentenceisformedbyphonologicalrules,mrules,syntacticrulesandsemanticrules.ThemostrecognizabledifferencebetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishareinpandvocabulary.Speechvreferstoanydistinguishableformofspeechusedbyaspeakeroragroupofspeakers.Preferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.

Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthesstudyoflanguage.AsatypeoflinguisticsysteminL2learning,iisaproductofL2training,mothertongueinterference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner..Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement.(20points,1pointeach)Whichofthefollowingbranchoflinguisticstakestheinnerstructureofwordasitsmainobjectofstudy?A.Phonetics.B.Semantics.C.Morphology.D.Sociolinguistics.referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.A.DialectB.IdiolectC.PidginD.RegisterWhichofthefollowingisavoicelessbilabialstop?A.[w].B.[m].C.[b].D.[p].ThephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameformiscalledA.hyponymyB.synonymyC.polysemyD.homonymyWhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTformedbyblending?A.Smog.B.Botel.C.Brunch.D.Edit.Whatphoneticfeaturedistinguishesthe[p]inpleaseandthe[p]inspeak?A.VoicingB.AspirationC.RoundnessD.NasalityThewordboyguardisa.A.compoundwordB.complexwordC.derivationalwordD.freemorphemeAllwordscontaina.A.rootB.boundmorphemeC.prefixD.suffixOfthefollowingsoundcombinations,onlyispermissible.A.kiblB.hkilC.ilkbD.ilbkA.kiblB.hkilC.ilkbD.ilbkWhereistheprimarystressofthewordphonology?A.pho.B.no.C.lo.D.gy.Conventionallyaisputinslashes.A.allophoneB.phoneC.phonemeD.morphemeThepluralaffixinthewordtablesisa(n).A.inflectionalsuffixB.derivationalsuffixC.freemorphemeD.rootLanguageistoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“highwayclosed”serves___.A.anexpressivefunctionB.aninformativefunctionC.aperformativefunctionD.apersuasivefunctionWhichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsisaminimalpair?A.but/pubB.wet/whichC.cool/curlD.fail/findWhorfbelievedthatspeakersofdifferentlanguagesperceiveandexperiencedtheworlddifferently,thatisrelativetotheirlinguisticbackground,hencethenotionof.A.linguisticdeterminationB.linguisticrelativismC.linguisticnativismD.linguisticbehaviorismWhatarethedualstructuresoflanguage?A.Soundsandletters.B.Soundsandmeaning.C.Lettersandmeaning.D.Soundsandsymbols.Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeis.A.lexicalB.morphemicC.grammaticalD.semanticAccordingtoKrashenreferstothegradualandsubconsciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunication.A.learningB.competenceC.performanceD.acquisitionWhichofthefollowingisoneofthecorebranchesoflinguistics?

A.Phonology.B.Psycho-linguistics.C.Sociolinguistics.D.Anthropology.A.Phonology.B.Psycho-linguistics.C.Sociolinguistics.D.Anthropology.Therelationshipbetween“flower”and“tulip”isA.homonymyB.hyponymyC.polysemyD.synonymyTranslatethefollowinglinguisticterms:(10points,1pointeach)FromEnglishtoChineseacousticphoneticsclosedclasswordsFromEnglishtoChineseacousticphoneticsclosedclasswordscomponentialanalysisFromChinesetoEnglish應(yīng)用語言學(xué)格語法積極遷移歷史語言學(xué)聲調(diào)語言distinctivefeaturesCriticalPeriodHypothesisV.DrawatreediagramforthefollowingsentencebyapplyingTGGrammar.(10points)Themansawahorse.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.(20points)Definephoneme.(4points)Explaincomplementarydistributionwithanexample.(5points)WhatarethefourcriteriaforclassifyingEnglishvowels.(4points)AnalyzethefollowingconversationbyapplyingtheCooperativePrinciples.(7points)TeheranisinTurkey,isn’tit,teacher?AndLondonisinFrance,Isuppose.VII.Dothefollowinganalysis.(20points)WritetheoneproperdescriptionfromthelistunderBfortheunderlinedpartofeachwordinA.(5points,1pointeach)ABterrorizeda.freerootuncivilizedb.boundrootterrorizec.inflectionalsuffixlukewarmd.derivationalsuffiximpossiblee.inflectionalprefixf.derivationalprefixConsiderthefollowingsentencesinSwahili,andanwerthequestions:(15points)mtuamelalaThemanhasslept.mtuanalalaThemanissleeping.mtuatalalaThemanwillsleep.watuwamelalaThemenhaveslept.watuwanalalaThemenaresleeping.watuwatalalaThemenwillsleep.visuvinaangukaTheknivesarefalling.kikapukimeangukaThebaskethasfallen.watotowatafikaThechildrenwillarrive.totoinSwahilimeansinEnglish.Themeaningofthemorphemewa-inSwahiliisinSwahilimeans“sleep”inEnglish.TranslatemtotoanaangukaintoEnglish.TranslatevikapuvimefikaintoEnglish.臺州學(xué)院學(xué)年第_—學(xué)期級―專業(yè)《英語語言學(xué)概論》期末試卷A卷（閉卷）參考答案及評分說明I．DecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrue(T)orFalse(F).(10points,1pointeach)12345678910FTTTTFFTFTII.Fillinthefollowingblanks.(10points,1pointeach)1.erlanguageIII.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement.(20points,1pointeach)1234567891011121314151617181920CCDDDBAAABCABCBBCDABIV.Translatethefollowinglinguisticterms:(10points,1pointeach).聲學(xué)語音學(xué)6.appliedlinguistics.封閉詞類7.casegrammar.成分分析8.positivetransfer.區(qū)別性特征9.historicallinguistics.臨界期假說10.tonelanguageDrawatreediagramforthesentencebyapplyingTGGrammar.(10points)

thehorsemansawathehorsemansawaAnswerthefollowingquestions.(20points)Acontrastivehonologicalsegmentwhosehoneticrealizationsareredictablebyrules.(4points)(or:Aphonemeisaphonologicalunit;itisaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue.)Thesituationinwhichhonesneveroccurinthesamehoneticenvironment.(4oints)eg[]and[h]neveroccurinthesameosition.(1