初中被動(dòng)語態(tài)全課件

被動(dòng)語態(tài)ThePassiveVoice被動(dòng)語態(tài)ThePassiveVoice1

英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：

主動(dòng)語態(tài)

(theActiveVoice)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)(thePassiveVoice)A.主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。B.被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.注：后面能接賓語的動(dòng)詞vt才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：A.主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)2(一)什么時(shí)候用被動(dòng)語態(tài):1.不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)2.沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)3.只需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受著時(shí)Theblouseismadeofsilk.Thezipperisoftenusedinourdailylife.IthinktheTVwasinventedafterthecar.(一)什么時(shí)候用被動(dòng)語態(tài):Theblouseismad3be+

過去分詞(二)被動(dòng)語態(tài)最基本結(jié)構(gòu):有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化,時(shí)態(tài)不同，結(jié)構(gòu)不同be+過去分詞(二)被動(dòng)語態(tài)最基本結(jié)構(gòu):有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化41.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：

People

grow

riceinthesouthofthecountry.Riceisgrownbypeopleinthesouthofthecountry.Theschool

doesn'tallow

ustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacherbytheschool.

He

lost

hiskeyyesterday.Hiskeywaslostbyhimyesterday.歸納結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are/was/were

+PP1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+am/5主變被步驟:1.找賓語:即動(dòng)作的承受者(改為主語)He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscar3.判斷新主語的單復(fù)數(shù):確定be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù).

be4.判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài):即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).2.修改謂語的語態(tài):即be+原V.過去分詞

washed5.修改原句的主語:即by+主語(變賓格).

(byhim)

yesterday.iswaswas主變被步驟:1.找賓語:即動(dòng)作的承受者(改為主語)Hew6They

make

thebikesinthefactory.

Thebikesinthefactory.aremadethembyPeople

grow

riceinthesouthofthecountry.He

lost

hiskeyyesterday.Theyplantedmanytreeslastyear.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Theymakethebikesinthefac71.ThisEnglishsong________bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung2.Why_______totalkaboutityesterday?

A.didn’tameetinghold B.wasn’tameetingheld

C.wasn’theldameeting D.ameetingwasn’theld3.I_______insummer.A.born B.wasborn C.havebeenborn D.amborn

4.ThePeople’sRepublicofChina_____onOctober1,1949.FoundB.wasfounded C.isfoundedD.wasfound5.English________inCanada.A.speaks B.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken6.Morethan100trees_______(plant)inourschoollastspring.7.What_____thiskindofflower_______(call)?1.ThisEnglishsong________81.Theysellorangesintheshop.______________________________________.2.Peopledon’tproduceoilinAmerica.______________________________________.3.HowmanyTVsetsdidyouselllastweek?______________________________________.4.Helen’sparentssenthertoschoolwhenshewasnine.5.Peoplemakeice-wineinCanada.______________________________________.6.DopeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries?______________________________________.

8.Platesanddishes______(notwash)aftersupperyesterday.9.Thesong___________(notlike)bymostofus.

7.Shegavemeapen.1.Theysellorangesinthesh92..含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞We

must

keep

theclassroomclean.Theclassroom

must

bekeptclean.We

should

allow

thestudentstohavetheirfreetime.Thestudents

should

beallowedtohavetheirfreetime.2..含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分10(三)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)要注意的問題1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。

Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正確)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(錯(cuò)誤)

2.含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)，一般變間接賓語為主語時(shí)比較多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.

如果把直接賓語(指物)改為主語，則在間接賓語(指人)前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說：

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.保留賓語(三)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)要注意的問題保留賓語11注意：一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞to，如：

bring,give,lend,offer,pass,sell,show,tell,read

等。

Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass.

Mybikewaslenttoher.

一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，間接賓語前用介詞for,如：

buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,,make,order,

等。

Mothermademeanewskirt.=(Anewskirtwasmadeforme.)

Themeatwascookedforus.

注意：一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞to，如：123.由動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞，要把它們作為整體看，即把它們看成一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉,這類動(dòng)詞有

laughat,operateon,lookafter,makefunof,makeuseoftakecareof,,carryout,,giveup,handin,pointout,putaway,putoff,turndown,workout,talkabout等。

Thepatientisbeingoperatedon.

Theproblemissolved.Itneedn'tbetalkedabout.

Hisrequestwasturneddown.Thesportsmeetingwillbeputoffbecauseofthebadweather.Thechildistakengoodcareof3.由動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞，要把它們作為整體看134.注意：在see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞不定式都不帶to，但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后都帶to，

Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheard

tosingthissongintheroom.Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmade

towork14hoursaday.Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseen

towalktoschool.Weoftenseekateplaysoccerintheplayground.Billwatchedthemonkeysrunaround.4.注意：在see,watch,hear,notic14Atrafficaccident_________(happen)justnow.happened2.連系動(dòng)詞（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.當(dāng)此動(dòng)詞表示事物的自然屬性的時(shí)候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…（四）不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：Atrafficaccident_________(h15

(表示主語的自然屬性特征)

+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),常見動(dòng)詞：read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed(表示主語的自然屬性特征)+副詞(well/bad16【2011北京】1.Manyaccidents____bycarelessdriverslastyear.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause【2011上?！?.Anofficial_____bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.A.isinterviewing

B.isinterviewedC.wasinterviewingD.wasinterviewed【2011天津】3.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving【2011重慶】4.I’mgladtofindthatmanytrees_______inourcitylastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted【2011北京】1.Manyaccidents____17【2011陜西】5.Drivingafterdrinkingwine

inChina.A.allowsB.doesn'tallowC.isallowedD.isn'tallowed【2011安徽】6.Don'tworry.Yourpackage

hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept【2011山東】7.It’struethatShakespeare’splay______bysomanypeopleeveryyear.A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen【2011陜西】5.Drivingafterdrink18CorrectingmistakeCorrectthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity．3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?wassentwilllastwerehurtCorrectingmistakeCorrectthe194)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．5)Hisplanissoundedgood．beginssounds4)Classisbegunat7:30every20例如：

據(jù)說…… Itissaid/thoughtthat…

據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)…… Itisreportedthat…

據(jù)推測…… Itissupposedthat…

希望…… Itishopedthat…

眾所周知…… Itiswellknownthat…

普遍認(rèn)為…… Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…

有人建議…… Itissuggestedthat…1)Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.2)ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.3)ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.（五）在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來表示例如：據(jù)說…… Itissaid/thought213.一般將來時(shí)：

Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Carswillbesentabroadbysea.Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers..過去將來時(shí)：

Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.3.一般將來時(shí)：224.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted..過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：235.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown.過去完成時(shí)：

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：246:動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)begoingtodo---begoingtobedonebeabouttodo---beabouttobedoneEg:Theyaregoingtoholdameetingtomorrow.Ameetingisgoingtobeheldtomorrow.Theyareabouttoshootthemurderer.Themurderdrisabouttobeshotbythem.6:動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)25總結(jié)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/一般過去式be+done(is/am/are/waswere)一般將來時(shí)/過去將來時(shí)will/would+done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/過去進(jìn)行時(shí)be+being+done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)/過去完成時(shí)has/have/had+done含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

+bedone不定式tobedone說明(1)done表示動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(2)下劃線的詞為助動(dòng)詞

總結(jié)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/一般將來時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/現(xiàn)在完26(1)Thepolicefoundthatthehouse____andalotofthings_________.A.hasbrokeninto;hasbeenstolenB.hadbrokeninto;hadbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto;stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto;stolen(2)Ifcitynoises______fromincreasing,people______shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept;willhavetoB.arenotkept;havetoC.donotkeep;willhavetoD.donotkeep;havetoDPracticeA(1)Thepolicefoundthatthe27(3)---______thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.---Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.I’vebeentoldB.I’vetoldC.I’mtoldD.Itold(4)Themathsproblem______amongthestudentssoon.A.isabouttobediscussB.isgoingtobediscussedC.istodiscussD.isgoingtohavebeendiscussedAB(3)---______thesportsmeet281.Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They____welland____already.A.sell,havebeensoldoutB.sold,hadsoldoutC.sell,selloutD.aresold,havebeensoldout2.---IsawDaveinliftthismorning.---Really?He___aroundhereforalongtime.A.won’tbeseenB.wasn’tseeC.hasn’tbeenseenD.hadn’tbeenseen1.Thenewdictionariesarever293.Thewindowisdirty.----Iknow.It___forweeks.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned4.Thehero’sstory___differentlyinthenewspapers.wasreportedB.wasreportingreportsD.reported5.----Whydidyouleavethatposition?----I___abetterpositionatIBM.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered6.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool___abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.A.sentB.weresentC.hadsentD.hadbeensent3.Thewindowisdirty.307.Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich___placedundertheMinister’scar.hasbeenB.wasbeingC.hadbeenD.wouldbe8.Millionsofpounds’worthdamage____byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.A.hasbeencausedB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused9.Whentheoldman___towalkbacktohishouse,thesun____itselfbehindthemountain.started;hadalreadyhiddenhadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenC.hadstarted;washidingD.wasstarting;hid7.Thepoliceman’sattentionw3110:Thewater___coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels11:Themomentthe28thOlympicGames___open,thewholeworldcheered.A.declaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared10:Thewater___coolwhenIju3213.Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty____,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.A.wouldbeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheld14.Thenewtypeofcellphone___betterifitisadvertisedonTV.willsellB.sellsC.wouldsellD.sold15.Thebridgewhich______lastyearlooksreallybeautiful.A.wasbuilt B.built C.wassetup D.hadbeenbuilt13.Inaroomabovethestore,3316."Thiscloth_____welland_____long.“"Ok.I'lltakeit."A.washes/lasts B.iswashed/lasted C.washes/islasted D.iswashing/lasting17.Anexhibitionofpaintings____atthemuseumnextweek.A.aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingD.willhold18.HewascleaninghisroomwhenIenteredthehouse.=Hisroom_____byhimwhenIenteredtheroom.A.wasbeingcleanedB.wascleanedC.wasbeingcleaningD.hasbeencleaned16."Thiscloth_____welland3419.I'msorry,sir.Yourrecorderisn'treadyyet.It_____inthefactory.A.isbeingrepairedB.isrepairedC.hasbeenrepaired D.hasn'trepaired20.Everypossiblemeans

,butnoneprovesuccessful.A.hastriedB.hasbeentriedC.isbeingtriedD.tried21.Mylittlesisterhasbrokenmywatch. =Mywatch_____bymylittlesister.A.isbrokenB.hasbrokenC.havebeenbroken D.hasbeenbroken19.I'msorry,sir.Yourrecor351.樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深;3.把樹放進(jìn)坑里,扶直;4.把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實(shí);5.在旁邊插一根堅(jiān)實(shí)的長棍子,并且保證棍子插直了;6.用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水.根據(jù)提示寫一篇以HowtoPlantaTree?為題目的短文，要求內(nèi)容齊全，上下文連貫。盡量使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，80詞左右。Writing1.樹要在春天種;根據(jù)提示寫1.樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深;3.把樹放進(jìn)坑里,扶直;4.把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實(shí);5.在旁邊插一根堅(jiān)實(shí)的長棍子,并且保證棍子插直了;6.用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水.beplantedbedugbigenoughtoodeepput…into…bekeptstraightpush…backto…push…h(huán)ardwith…knock…into…bekeptstraightbetiedto…with…bewateredwell1.樹要在春天種;beplantedbedugbige

TreesmustbeplantedinSpring.Theholemustbeduglargeenoughbutnottoodeep.Putthetreeintotheholeanditmustbekeptstraight.Pushtheearthbacktotheholeanditmustbepushedhardwithyourfeet.Knockalongandstrongstickintotheearthbesidethetreeanditmustbekeptstraight.Treescanbetiedtothestickwitharope.Andtheymustbewateredwell.Treesmustbeplantedin帶復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ))的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語改為主語，而賓語補(bǔ)足語保留在謂語動(dòng)詞后面。如：a,動(dòng)詞+賓語+adjWealwayskeeptheclassroomclean.

→Theclassroomisalwayskeptclean.b,動(dòng)詞+賓語+nTheychoseTomcaptain.→Tomwaschosencaptainc.動(dòng)詞+賓語+todo

Shetoldustofollowherinstructions.

→Weweretoldtofollowherinstructions.

d,動(dòng)詞+賓語+doingIfoundhimlyingonthefloor→hewasfoundlyingonthefloore,動(dòng)詞+賓語+donewefoundallourseatsoccupied.→Allourseatswerefoundoccupied.帶復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ))的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)結(jié)3.不定式作名詞的后置定語，和被修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)和該句主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，不定式常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義：Shehadonlyacoldroomtolivein.Ihaveameetingtoattend.IhavealotofhomeworktodoShehasmanychildrentolookafterIgavehimacaketoeatIgavehimabooktoread3.不定式作名詞的后置定語，和被修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系被動(dòng)語態(tài)ThePassiveVoice被動(dòng)語態(tài)ThePassiveVoice41

英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：

主動(dòng)語態(tài)

(theActiveVoice)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)(thePassiveVoice)A.主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。B.被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.注：后面能接賓語的動(dòng)詞vt才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：A.主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)42(一)什么時(shí)候用被動(dòng)語態(tài):1.不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)2.沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)3.只需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受著時(shí)Theblouseismadeofsilk.Thezipperisoftenusedinourdailylife.IthinktheTVwasinventedafterthecar.(一)什么時(shí)候用被動(dòng)語態(tài):Theblouseismad43be+

過去分詞(二)被動(dòng)語態(tài)最基本結(jié)構(gòu):有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化,時(shí)態(tài)不同，結(jié)構(gòu)不同be+過去分詞(二)被動(dòng)語態(tài)最基本結(jié)構(gòu):有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化441.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：

People

grow

riceinthesouthofthecountry.Riceisgrownbypeopleinthesouthofthecountry.Theschool

doesn'tallow

ustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacherbytheschool.

He

lost

hiskeyyesterday.Hiskeywaslostbyhimyesterday.歸納結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are/was/were

+PP1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+am/45主變被步驟:1.找賓語:即動(dòng)作的承受者(改為主語)He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscar3.判斷新主語的單復(fù)數(shù):確定be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù).

be4.判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài):即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).2.修改謂語的語態(tài):即be+原V.過去分詞

washed5.修改原句的主語:即by+主語(變賓格).

(byhim)

yesterday.iswaswas主變被步驟:1.找賓語:即動(dòng)作的承受者(改為主語)Hew46They

make

thebikesinthefactory.

Thebikesinthefactory.aremadethembyPeople

grow

riceinthesouthofthecountry.He

lost

hiskeyyesterday.Theyplantedmanytreeslastyear.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Theymakethebikesinthefac471.ThisEnglishsong________bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung2.Why_______totalkaboutityesterday?

A.didn’tameetinghold B.wasn’tameetingheld

C.wasn’theldameeting D.ameetingwasn’theld3.I_______insummer.A.born B.wasborn C.havebeenborn D.amborn

4.ThePeople’sRepublicofChina_____onOctober1,1949.FoundB.wasfounded C.isfoundedD.wasfound5.English________inCanada.A.speaks B.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken6.Morethan100trees_______(plant)inourschoollastspring.7.What_____thiskindofflower_______(call)?1.ThisEnglishsong________481.Theysellorangesintheshop.______________________________________.2.Peopledon’tproduceoilinAmerica.______________________________________.3.HowmanyTVsetsdidyouselllastweek?______________________________________.4.Helen’sparentssenthertoschoolwhenshewasnine.5.Peoplemakeice-wineinCanada.______________________________________.6.DopeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries?______________________________________.

8.Platesanddishes______(notwash)aftersupperyesterday.9.Thesong___________(notlike)bymostofus.

7.Shegavemeapen.1.Theysellorangesinthesh492..含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞We

must

keep

theclassroomclean.Theclassroom

must

bekeptclean.We

should

allow

thestudentstohavetheirfreetime.Thestudents

should

beallowedtohavetheirfreetime.2..含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分50(三)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)要注意的問題1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。

Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正確)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(錯(cuò)誤)

2.含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)，一般變間接賓語為主語時(shí)比較多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.

如果把直接賓語(指物)改為主語，則在間接賓語(指人)前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說：

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.保留賓語(三)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)要注意的問題保留賓語51注意：一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞to，如：

bring,give,lend,offer,pass,sell,show,tell,read

等。

Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass.

Mybikewaslenttoher.

一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，間接賓語前用介詞for,如：

buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,,make,order,

等。

Mothermademeanewskirt.=(Anewskirtwasmadeforme.)

Themeatwascookedforus.

注意：一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞to，如：523.由動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞，要把它們作為整體看，即把它們看成一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉,這類動(dòng)詞有

laughat,operateon,lookafter,makefunof,makeuseoftakecareof,,carryout,,giveup,handin,pointout,putaway,putoff,turndown,workout,talkabout等。

Thepatientisbeingoperatedon.

Theproblemissolved.Itneedn'tbetalkedabout.

Hisrequestwasturneddown.Thesportsmeetingwillbeputoffbecauseofthebadweather.Thechildistakengoodcareof3.由動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞，要把它們作為整體看534.注意：在see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞不定式都不帶to，但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后都帶to，

Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheard

tosingthissongintheroom.Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmade

towork14hoursaday.Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseen

towalktoschool.Weoftenseekateplaysoccerintheplayground.Billwatchedthemonkeysrunaround.4.注意：在see,watch,hear,notic54Atrafficaccident_________(happen)justnow.happened2.連系動(dòng)詞（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.當(dāng)此動(dòng)詞表示事物的自然屬性的時(shí)候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…（四）不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：Atrafficaccident_________(h55

(表示主語的自然屬性特征)

+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),常見動(dòng)詞：read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed(表示主語的自然屬性特征)+副詞(well/bad56【2011北京】1.Manyaccidents____bycarelessdriverslastyear.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause【2011上?！?.Anofficial_____bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.A.isinterviewing

B.isinterviewedC.wasinterviewingD.wasinterviewed【2011天津】3.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving【2011重慶】4.I’mgladtofindthatmanytrees_______inourcitylastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted【2011北京】1.Manyaccidents____57【2011陜西】5.Drivingafterdrinkingwine

inChina.A.allowsB.doesn'tallowC.isallowedD.isn'tallowed【2011安徽】6.Don'tworry.Yourpackage

hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept【2011山東】7.It’struethatShakespeare’splay______bysomanypeopleeveryyear.A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen【2011陜西】5.Drivingafterdrink58CorrectingmistakeCorrectthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity．3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?wassentwilllastwerehurtCorrectingmistakeCorrectthe594)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．5)Hisplanissoundedgood．beginssounds4)Classisbegunat7:30every60例如：

據(jù)說…… Itissaid/thoughtthat…

據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)…… Itisreportedthat…

據(jù)推測…… Itissupposedthat…

希望…… Itishopedthat…

眾所周知…… Itiswellknownthat…

普遍認(rèn)為…… Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…

有人建議…… Itissuggestedthat…1)Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.2)ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.3)ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.（五）在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來表示例如：據(jù)說…… Itissaid/thought613.一般將來時(shí)：

Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Carswillbesentabroadbysea.Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers..過去將來時(shí)：

Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.3.一般將來時(shí)：624.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastontheradio.Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted..過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：635.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown.過去完成時(shí)：

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：646:動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)begoingtodo---begoingtobedonebeabouttodo---beabouttobedoneEg:Theyaregoingtoholdameetingtomorrow.Ameetingisgoingtobeheldtomorrow.Theyareabouttoshootthemurderer.Themurderdrisabouttobeshotbythem.6:動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)65總結(jié)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/一般過去式be+done(is/am/are/waswere)一般將來時(shí)/過去將來時(shí)will/would+done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/過去進(jìn)行時(shí)be+being+done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)/過去完成時(shí)has/have/had+done含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

+bedone不定式tobedone說明(1)done表示動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(2)下劃線的詞為助動(dòng)詞

總結(jié)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/一般將來時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/現(xiàn)在完66(1)Thepolicefoundthatthehouse____andalotofthings_________.A.hasbrokenin