教師詞匯講義

Unit4BodyLanguage講義編寫人徐紅燕Warmingup&Readingcommunicatevt.傳達，傳遞，傳播communicatesthtosbvi.交流，交往 communicatewithsbcommunicatetheinstructionsofthehigherlevel傳達上級指示Thedeafgreetingsn.Pleasecommunicatethismessagetoallemployees.請把這個消息傳遞給所有的職工。Iaskedyoursistertocommunicatemywishestoyou.我請你的妹妹向你轉達我的祝愿。andmutecommunicatebysignIanguage.聾啞人用手語溝通。Thedeafgreetingsn.Hehadnowaytocommunicatewithhisbrother.Sincethen,theyhavelosttheirabilitytocommunicatewithanaudienee.greetvt.問候；(以…)迎接，歡迎，greetsb/sthwithsthTheygreetedhimwithmanyexpressionsofpleasure 他們說了許多表示歡迎他的話。Thedoggreeteditsmasterwithawagofitstail 那只狗搖動尾巴來迎接主人。ShegreetedherfriendsbysayingGoodmofhing! ”她用說"早安"來問候她的朋友們。Hisspeechwasgreetedwithcheers 他的演說受至U喝彩Russiagreetsthenewyearinachievementandtest俄羅斯在成就和考驗中迎來新年問候，招呼representvt.閱讀下列句子，注意represent的意思和用法。TheroserepresentsEngland.象征，表示Herepresentedourschoolatthemeeting作為...的代表Herepresentedhimselfasawealthyman,butinfacthewasapoorma聲稱是…LetmetryrepresentingmyideatoyouinEnglish. 陳述，闡述歸納總結representsth.(tosb.) (向某人)陳述、說明、闡述representoneselftobe(as)聲稱是…假稱是、裝作represent….as 把…描繪成…ThePurpleButterfly,representingChinafilm,willshowontheCannesFilmFestival.［拓展］representative作名詞，是可數(shù)名詞，意為 代表”；作形容詞，意為有代表性的、典型的”。curiousadj.becuriousaboutsth.對...好奇becurioustodosth.急于做…，極想做…Itiscuriousthat...是驚奇的.Asalittlegirl,shewascuriousabouttheoriginofhumanbeings.Iwascurioustoknowwhatwasinthebox.It'scuriousthathedoesn'tcareaboutitatall.Iamcurioustoknow/amcuriousabout 彳艮想知道)whattodowiththenaughty.Wehavelittlecuriosityabout對…沒有好奇心)whattheywanttodonext.curiosityn.好奇心curiouslyadv.好奇地Wealllookedathimwithcuriosity/curiously.outofcuriosity出于好奇thefirstpersontoarrive 第一個到達的人thefirst,thesecond,thelast,theoniy 等作名詞或者它們作形容詞用來修飾代詞，它們或它們所修飾的代詞后，常用不定式作定語。Hewastheonlyonetofinishthetaskintime他是唯一一個按時完成任務的人。不定式作定語時，不定式與被修飾詞之間存在的關系復雜，主要有兩種：.主謂關系被修飾的名詞或代詞實際上是不定式的邏輯主語。Thereisnoonetotakecareofher..動賓關系被修飾的名詞或代詞是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語，不定式里的動詞必須是及物動詞；若為不及物動詞，其后須加上適當?shù)慕樵~，構成及物動詞短語。Ineedapieceofpapertowriteon.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Therearefivepairstochoosefrom.approach.閱讀下列句子，注意approach的意思和用法。.Someoneisapproachingourcar.接近，靠近.Summerisapproaching.(時間上的)接近，靠近;即將達至U.Herworkisapproachingperfection. 他的工作近乎完美。.Asapoethehardly即proachesJohnMilton他的詩才很難與彌爾頓媲美。(在性質或特點上)接近(某人或某物)Heapproachedthebankmanagerforaloa 貸款).為…接近(某人).Sheapproacheseverythinginanewway. 著手處理，開始對付.Theapproachoftheexamismakinghimnervous來臨.Let'stryanotherappro方法.Allapproachestothecityarecutoff.通道*名詞approach作方法”通路”入口”講時，多與介詞to連用。用approach的適當形式填空。Thedogisapproachingmylittlechild.Withtheapproachofwinter,theweathergrowscolder.Theyapproachedthebirdsquietlyandwatchedthem.ItisoneofthebestapproachestostudyingEnglish.WintervacationisD.Ican'twaittogobackhome.A.comingB.onthewayC.approaching D.A、BandCkissheronthecheek 親吻她的面頰表示“接觸某人身體的某個部位”，用“動詞+sb+介詞+the部位”的結構。不同的身體部位 錢用

不同的介詞。oninonin拉/握/抓/推時，用by涉及面部表情時，用on談到創(chuàng)傷時，用inHit/strike/touch/patsbonthehead/shoulder/nose/neck/backHit/strike/touch/patsbintheface/stomach/side/chest/eyeTake/pull/grasp/seize/catch/hold/lead//sbbytheear/nose/hand/arm/sleeveTherewasanastonishedexpressiononherface.Hewaswoundedintheshoulder.defeneeun.防衛(wèi);防備;防護(代表防衛(wèi)的行為action)cn■防御物;防御能力俵示可以用來防衛(wèi)的東西sth)Thewallwillactasadefeneeagainstflooding.Hundredsgavetheirlivesindefeneeoffreedom.indefenceof保衛(wèi) ”、為…辨護”defendvt.Theyfoughttodefendtheircountry.防御保衛(wèi)Weshoulddefendtheislandagainstivasion.”defend…from/against保衛(wèi)..… 免受或抵抗.…Hetriedtodefendhisreputation.保護Shedefendedherselfsuccessfullyincourt.為…辯護Thewallwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashedawaybythese 不被海水沖走).majoradj.主要的，(較)大的，重要的Thisquartetrepresentsamajornewtrendinmodernmusic. 這首四重奏的曲子反映了現(xiàn)代音樂中一種主要的新趨向。Wehavemetwithmajorproblems.我們已遇至U重大的問題。Theplaywasamajorsuccess.這出戲大獲成功。n.主修科目，專業(yè)Heplannedtotakechemistryashismajor.vi.主修Shemajoredinmathsandphysicsatuniversity.10.misunderstandingcn/.un.誤解，誤會v.曲解，誤會，誤解misunderstandunderstandingn.理解v.理解clearupamisunderstanding消除誤會understand1).Youmusthavemisunderstoodmymeaning.2).You'dbetternothaveyourselfmisunderstood..Hehasaclearunderstandingofthesituation..Hiswordsledtoothers'misunderstanding.Ex:Youdon'tfollowhisintention,andthereforeydnaveamisunderstandingof誤解了)thetruemeaningofhiswords.11.closeto（時間或空間上）接近，接近（在句中作狀語和表語）；親近的，密切的；幾乎，接近Don'tstandclosetothestove,incaseitmayrnyourclothes.Thebankisclosetoasupermarket.Shehasalwaysbeenveryclosetoherparents.Weweresoclosetowinningthematch.Itiscloseto10o'clock.辨析close&closely作副詞用的差別close是一種實際意義上的接近”指距離、場所、地點等的 接近，靠近”closely是指抽象意義上的接近”多用比喻意義，有 親密地，嚴密地，仔細地”等意思。Iwentcloser,andsawclearlyatallmaninthemoonlightComeclose.IwanttotellyousomethingimportantThepolicemanfollowedthestrangemancloselyThescientistsgotcloselyintouchwiththeastronauts［拓展］由close和closely這種意義上的區(qū)別，我們可以很輕松地區(qū)別 high和highly、wide和widely、deep和deeply等一類詞。帶-ly的副詞往往用作抽象意義或比喻意義，而不帶-ly的副詞多用作實際意義。例如：Hethrewtheballhighintotheair.（high是指實際意義上的高”）Theyspokehighlyofhisbehaviour.（highly用作比喻意義高度地”）Thedentistaskedmetoopenwide.牙醫(yī)要我張大嘴巴。（wide是指實際意義的大、闊”Heiswidelyread他博覽群書。（widely是指抽象意義上的廣泛地”）notall部分否定=all???notNotallthechildrenarenaughty.=Allthechildrenarenotnaughty拓展every…not=notever并非每個both???not=notboth并非兩個都nor連詞，也不"連接否定的并列成分。Ihavenobrothers,noranysisters.Neithermymothernormyfatherwenttouniversity.nor放在句首，該句子用倒裝的語序.（be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語前）NobodycanlearnbodyIanguageinoneday,norcan 我也不會）.類似的用法還有： not,never,neither,hardly,seldom等。likelyadj.常用于此類結構：1） .sb./sth.islikelytodosth.2） .Itislikelythat…Heislikelytobelate.=Itislikelythathewillbelate注意：.likely的主語可以是人也可以是物；但不說： “It'slikelytodosth.Itislikelytorain.（句子中的it是天氣,并不是形式主語。）adv.很可能（多和most或very連用）Wewillmostlikelyseehimlater.Shewillverylikelycrywhenyougo.區(qū)另廿:likely,probable,possiblelikely常指從表面跡象來判斷有可能I'mhardlylikelytofinishitwithinaweek. 我不可能在一周內(nèi)把它干完。possible表示客觀上潛在的可能性，也許實際發(fā)生的可能性并不大 常常用于下列結構：主語不能是人Itispossible(forsb)todosth.Itispossiblethat從句ItispossibleforustogetfromBeijingtoTianjininlessthananhour.ItispossiblethatIbable表示有幾分根據(jù)的推測，比 possible表示的可能性大。換句話說，probable的有可能”是指有實際的依據(jù)或邏輯上合乎情理。probable:常用于itisprobable+that主語不能是人，不能說itisprobabletodosth.Itispossiblethatitwillrain,butwithsuchablueskyitdoesntseemprobable.下雨的可能是有的，但天空一片蔚藍，可能性似乎不大。Hissuccessisnotimpossiblebuthardlyprobable.他的成功并非是不可能的，但是希望極小。.Itisverylikely(很有可能)thatitwillrain..Weareverylikelytomakemistakes 我們很可能犯錯誤)whenwelearnEnglish..Iamlikelyto(我有可能finishtheworkwithinaweek..Noticingthattherewaslikelytobetrouble 可能有麻煩),theyleftawaysecretly.15.ingeneral一般來說，通常，總的來說.(=generallyspeaking)Howdopeopleingenerallookonher? 人們一般對她怎麼看？Ingeneral,womenliveIongerthanmen.generaladj.一般的，普遍的；全體的；總的Thisledtoageneralstrikeandallproductionstopped.這弓I起了普遍罷工，所有生產(chǎn)都停止了。Thegeneralleveloftrainingwasnothigh. 培訓的總體水平不高。UsingLanguagefunctionn.Theythoughtfunctionismoreimportantthanform.作用，功能，用途un/cnInyournewjob,youwillbeexpectedtoperformmanydifferentfunctions.( 人的)職責cnTheministerhastoattendallkindsoffunctions. 重大聚會，典禮cnvi.運行，起作用Hisbrainseemstobefunctioningnormally.functionas起…作用，具有…功能(=workas)SomeEnglishadverbsfunctionasadjectives.Thesofacanalsofunctionasabedeasen.freedomfromwork,discomfort,painoranxiety 安逸，舒適；vt.relieve(thebodyormind)減輕(痛苦，憂慮)Theretiredcouplelivedalifeofease.這對退休夫婦過著安逸的生活。Theaspirineasedhisheadache 阿司匹林減輕了他的頭痛。atease=atone's舒適e快活；自由自在。Ifeelateasewithmyfriends.我和朋友們在一起感到自在 .Heisateaseaboutthematter他對此事很放心.ShewasateaseinsuchanicehousdS 這樣的好房子，她很舒適。putsb.atease使某人感到輕松自在withease容易地，無困難地Theirwarmwelcomesoonputmeatease.Heisexpectedtowinthegamewithease預計他在比賽中會輕易獲勝。Takethisdruganditwilleaseyourpain 減緩你的疼痛）.trulyadv.真實地，準確地；真正地，確實地；真誠地，誠懇地Shedidn'tletanyoneknowwhatshetrulyfelt. 她不讓別人知道她的真實感情。 Heknewhehadbehavedbadlyandheseemedtrulysorry.他知道自己表現(xiàn)不好，所以確實顯得懊悔。Iamtrulygratefulforallyourhelp. 我真誠地感謝你的幫助。loseface丟臉猜猜這些與face相關的短語的含義：facetoface面對面 makeaface做鬼臉saveone'sfafe全面子 pull/wearalongface板著臉showone'sfa露面 infaceof面對著turnone'sbackto/c背對著…注意turnone'sbacl在下列句中的含義Neverturnyourbackto/onbackwardstudents.refusetospeakto不理睬Heneverturnedhisbackto/onhisneighborswhentheyneededhelp.refusetohelp 拒絕幫忙Sheturnedherbackonhersingingcareeraftermarryingarichbusinessman.abandon放棄，背棄upanddown上上下下，來回Abutterflyisflyingupanddownamongtheflowers. 有一只蝴蝶正在花叢里忽上忽下地飛著。Theteacherwaswalkingupanddowintheclassroom. 老師在教室里走來走去。Johnsonlookedatherupanddownanddecidedtoaskherout.約翰遜上上下下打量了她一番，決定邀請她出去。inmostcases在大多數(shù)情況下inthis/thatcase在這種/那種情況下inanycase不管怎樣，無論如何innocase絕不（置句首時，需部分倒裝）incaseof如果，萬一（介詞短語用作條件狀語）Incase以防，萬一，（用來引導條件狀語從句）用與case相關的短語填空Johnmayphonetonight.Idon'twanttogooutincasehephonesThewallwasbuiltalongtheriverincaseoffloods.Innocaseshouldagovernmentofficertakebribes賄賂）.Inanycasehecannotgiveupit.Youdon'tlikeyourjob?Inthatcasewhydon'tyouleave?rankcn/un.階層，階級，等級；地位，身份6.相反6.相反onthecontrary78.為…接近某人approachsbforsth9.可能…2.peopleofallranks社會各階層的人asoldierofthehighrank高軍階的軍人agentlemanofrank有地位的纟申士Heisamusicianofthefirst/top/frontrank.他是一流的音樂家。theranks《集合用法》（與軍官相對而言的）士兵，士官vt.把…分類為…，評價vi.屬某等級，居某地位Irankheramongthecountry'sbes我認為她可屬全國最優(yōu)秀作家之列。Irankherachievementveryhigh.Criticsrankhimasafirst-classpainte評論家把他評價為一流的畫家。Doesherankamong/withthefailures.他可以算作失敗的那一類人嗎？Sherankshigh/firstinherclass她在班上名列前茅/第一。重點短語被…緊跟著closelyfollowedby親她的臉kissheronthecheek自衛(wèi)indefenee一個大誤會amajormisunderstanding把手伸向某人reachone'shandouttosb靠某人近moveclosetosbbelikelyto互相握手問候greeteachotherbyshakinghands一般地說ingeneral代替，取代inplaceof捕捉未說出的信息catchone'sunspocommunication面部表情facialexpressions使某人輕松自在putsbatease丟臉loseface背對看…，不理睬…，拒絕幫助…，放棄… turnone'sbackto上下點頭nodtheheadupanddown在大多數(shù)情況下inmostcases對…尊敬berespectfulto級別更高的人someoneofahigherrank誤解…bewrongabout重點句型Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingroomlookingaroundcuriously.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistaneebetweenpeople.單選AtthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentAtothestudyofmathematics.approachesB.means C.methods D.waysfeelings.Peopleareencouragedtospeakopenly,butcarelesswordCtohurtothersfeelings.A.certain B.probableC.likely D.sureHewillC_ ourclasstosingattheschoolsingingcontest.A.takeplace B.standforC.representD.representativeThelastoneC_paysthebill.A.arrived B.arrivesC.toarrive D.arrivingItwasnotaneasydecisionforhertomakeasitwouldaffectherfuturestudyincollegeandherfuturejobA_.A.aswell B.also C.either D.thoughThoughshehasbeeninEnglandforhalfayear,sheisstillunabletoBinsimpleEnglish.A.understandB.expressherselfC.speakhermindD.makeherselfunderstandItisthedutyofeverycitizento Ahiscountrywhenitisattackedbytheenemy.A.defend B.guard C.protest D.preventSurelyitdoesn'matterwherethestudentsassociationsgettheirmoney;what Aiswhattheydowithit.A.counts B.applies C.stresses D.functionsMyfatherwalkedB_intheroom,lookingasifhewasthinkingoversomething.A.nowa