Unit 4 Space Exploration A卷 基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí)-高一英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊單元測試AB卷

Unit4SpaceExplorationA卷基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí)—高一英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊單元測試AB卷第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A

DowomenmakeBETTERastronauts?Russialocksanall-femalecrewinaspacesimulator(太空模擬器)foreightdaystofindout.SixRussianwomenhavebeensentintoaspaceshiptobeginauniqueexperimenttestinghowanall-femalecrewwouldrelatetoothersonatriptotheMoonandback.

"It'sinterestingforustoseewhatisspecialaboutthewayafemalecrewcommunicates,"saidSergeiPonomaryov,theexperiment'sleader."Itwillbeparticularlyinterestingintermsofpsychology,"saidtheinstitute'sdirectorIgorUshakov."I'dliketowishyoualackofconflicts,eventhoughtheysaythatinonekitchen,twohousewivesfindithardtolivetogether,"headded.

Thevolunteersincludescientificresearchers,adoctorandapsychologist.Thetestperiodsimulates(模仿)aflighttotheMoonandback,withthewomencarryingout10experimentscoveringpsychologyandhumanbiology.Russiasentthefirstwomanintospace,ValentinaTereshkova,in1963buthasfallenbehindsince.Lastyear,itsentitsfourthfemaleastronautintospace,YelenaSerova.SerovacomplainedofagreatdealofmediainterestinhowshewouldwashherhairaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation,pointingoutthatmaleastronautsdidnotfacethesamelineofquestioning.

Thewomenfoundthemselvesfieldingquestionsatapressconferenceabouthowtheywouldactwithoutmenormakeupforeightdays."Weareverybeautifulwithoutmakeup,"saidparticipantDaryaKomissarova.HercolleagueAnnaKussmaulwasmoredirect:"Wearedoingwork.Whenyou’redoingyourwork,youdon'tthinkaboutmenandwomen."Theyplantospendtheir11/2hoursperdayoffreetimewatchingfilms,readingandplayingboardgames.TeamleaderYelenaLuchnitskayasaidsheexpectedthewomentodealwithanyconflict.(1)Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthispassageonawebsite?A.Education.

B.Entertainment.C.Science.

D.Economy.(2)Whafsthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Toshowthatwomencandobetterthanmen.B.Totestwhetherwomencanbegoodastronauts.C.Togatherinformationabouttheconditionsinspace.D.Tomeasurethedistancefromtheearthtothemoon.(3)WhatdoweknowfromwhatIgorUshakovsaid?A.Womencannotlivepeacefullyinspaceatall.B.Theremaybeconflictsamongthewomenastronauts.C.Thefemalecrewwilldealwitheachotherinanewway.D.Beinginthesamekitchenhelpsthewomenlivetogether.B

EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.

However,HalleyhadafriendnamedNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadthe.shapeofanellipse(橢圓).

NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredouttheorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.

ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Thedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcomets,aspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.

Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeaprediction(預(yù)言)ofwhatthecometwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit.forhehasdiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethasbeencalledHalley'scomet,inhishonour.1.Halleymadehisdiscovery

_________.

A.bydoingexperiments B.bymeansofhisowncarefulobservation

C.byusingtheworkofotherscientists D.bychance

2.Halleymadeasurprisingbutcorrectpredictionintheyear________.

A.1704 B.1705 C.1706 D.1707

3.Thispassageingeneralisabout

__________.

A.Halleyandotherscientists B.theorbitofacomet

C.NewtonandHalley D.Halleyandhisdiscovery

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Newtonwasafamousmathematician.

B.Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.

C.EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.

D.Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofacircle.C

“Hello,Earth!Canyouhearme?”That’sthevoicemorethan400,000peoplereceivedrecently.ItwasfromPhilae,aspacevehiclethatlandedonacometin2014.However,itstransmissions(傳送信號)backhomewentsilentsincethen.

IttookalongtimeforPhilaetomakeitswayacrossthesolarsystemandreachcomet67P/CG.ThespacevehiclegotthereaboardtheRosettaprobe(探測器),whichhasbeencirclingaroundthecometsincePhilaeseparatedfromitinNovember,2014.

Philae’sjobwastocollectmaterialstostudythecomet’scomposition.Andforabouttwoandahalfdaysafterlanding,itdidjustthat,sendingtheinformationbacktoscientistsonEarth.ButPhilae'slandingonthecomet'sicysurfacehadnotbeensmooth.Whiletouchingdown,itjumpedupandendedupintheshadowofsomethinglikeahugerock.Philaerunsonsolarpower,buttherewasnolightintheplacewhereitlanded.Intheendlitfailedtowork.

However,ascomet67F/CGmovedclosertotheSun,moresunlightreachedthespacevehicle,allowingittopowerupandcomebackonline.PhilaethensentsomethingtoRosetta,whichpassedontheinformationbacktoEarth.

"Weonlyreceivedtheinformationforabout85seconds,butthat'senoughtoletusknowitisaliveandwell,"saysStephanUlamec,whoworksfortheEuropeanSpaceAgency."Wehopetoworkoutwhereitlandedexactlyonthe4-kilometre-widecomet.NowweplantochangehowRosettamovessothatPhilaecankeeponcommunicatingandreceivinginstructions."1.HearingPhilae'svoice,thosepeoplemusthavefelt

__________.

A.afraid B.calm C.excited D.worried

2.Accordingtothetext,Philae

___________.

A.wasdamagedwhenitlanded B.movedaroundcomet67P/CG

C.needslightandgastokeepworking D.helpsscientistslearnaboutacomet

3.WhatStephansaysinthetextsuggeststhat

_________.

A.Rosettawillmovearoundanothercomet B.Philaewillcontinuetoworkforscientists

C.mostcometsareaswideasfourkilometres D.hewonderswhetherPhilaeisstillalive

4.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?

A.Asleepingspacevehiclewakesup. B.Itisverydangeroustotravelinspace.

C.Anewcometwasdiscoveredrecently. D.Philaewassentintospacesuccessfully.D

AnewstudysuggeststhatdarkmarkingsontheplanetMarsrepresentsand—notwater.Theresearchin2015suggestedthatlinesonsomeMartianhillswereevidenceofwater.YetAmericanscientistsnowsaytheselinesappearmorelikedry,flowsofsand.Ifwaterispresent,itislikelytobeasmallamount.Waterinliquidformwouldbenecessaryformicrobial(微生物的)life.

NASA,theAmericanspaceagency,saidmoreresearchisneeded.MichaelMeyeristheleadscientistforNASA’sMarsexplorationprogramme.Henotedthatthelateststudydoesnotrejectthepresenceofwater.Butheadmitted,"Itjustmaynotbeasexcitingastheideaofriversgoingdownthesidesofcliffs(懸崖)."

ThenewfindingscomefromateamledbyColinDundasoftheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey.Histeammeasured151oftheselinesin10areas.Mostofthelinesendwithslopesbetween28degreesand35degrees.Thesemeasurementsaresimilartoactivesanddunes(沙丘)onbothMarsandEarth.Asmallcoveringofdustthatmovesandsometimesbecomeslightermighthelpexplainthemarkings.TheyusuallyappearintheMartiansummertime,andthendisappearuntilthenextyear.Iftheselinesaredry.thissuggeststhatrecentMarshasnothadlargevolumesofliquidwater.Dundasandhisresearchteamsaythatmanyquestionsremain.

"IstillthinkthatMarshasagreatpotentialforhavinghadlifeearlyoninitshistory,"Meyersaid.“Aslongasthat’strue,wealsohaveareasonablepossibilityoflifestillbeingonMars.Itjusthappenstobecrypticorwellhidden."

NASAcurrentlyhasnoroboticvehicle—eitheronMarsorindevelopment—withtheabilitytoclimbsteepslopes.ThelackofsuchequipmenthasengineerscomingupwithideaslikeMartianhelicoptersorplaneswithoutpilots.1.WhatdoAmericanscientistsfindonMarsnowaccordingtotheirstudy?

A.Alotoflittlelife. B.Anamountofwater. C.SomeMartianhills. D.Darkmarkingsaresand.

2.Whendothemarkingscomeout?

A.InMartianspring. B.InMartiansummer. C.InMartianautumn. D.InMartianwinter.

3.What'sMeyer'sopinionabouthavinglifeonMars?

A.Doubtful. B.Trustful. C.Indifferent. D.Objective.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cryptic”inParagraph4mean?

A.Undiscovered B.Strange. C.Magical. D.Icy.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。?

Iworkasameteorologist(氣象學(xué)家)inTampa,Florida.It’smyjobtofollowhurricanes(颶風(fēng))andprovideinformationaboutthemtoscientists.

IwasworkingfortheNationalMeteorologicalOfficeinBracknell,nearLondon,intheautumnof1995,andIsawadorumentary,calledStormchaserswithmyfamily.

①___________TwomonthslaterIcameacrossanadforameteorologisttoworkinFlorida.Iwasinterviewedoverthephone,movedtotheUS,andstartedtoworkhereinTampainMay1996.

②___________

Ihavebeenallovertheworldhuntinghurricanes.It'sexcitingtoendupindifferentcitiesanddifferentcountriesdayafterday.Ifyouareameteorologist,youhavetoloveflying.Ialsoloveworkingwithtopscientists.

③___________Forme,it’slikeaclassroominthesky.

Peopleoftenaskmewhatanaveragedayislike.Infact,there’snosuchthingasanaveragedayinmyjob!

④___________Weoftentakeoffatamoment'snoticeto

huntstorms.

Next,Iwouldliketojoinaspaceprogrammeandbethefirstmeteorologistinspace.

⑤___________Therearen’tanyhurricanes!

Ifyoualsowanttobeameteorologist,studymathsandscienceandgetadegreeinmeteorology.Ihavetakenthehurricanehunterpath,butyoucoulddoresearch.A.

Ihavelearntsomuchfromthem.

B.

WhatIlikemostaboutmyjobisthetravel.C.

It'sawonderfuljobandthepayisprettygood.

D.

Italldependsontheweather,andyoucan’tcontrolthat.

E.

However,Ihaven’tcomeupwithanexperimenttodoinspaceyet.F.

Becauseofthejob,I'mawayfrommyfamilywhoallliveintheUK.

G.

Itwasabouthurricanehuntersand

Ithought,"Wow,that'saninterestingjob!"第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

TomcamefromFrance.ItwashisfirstvisittoEngland,andhewaslookingforwardtohisfirstjourneyonLondon’sUndergroundRailway.Andagainsthisfriends’

1

,hewasdeterminedtotravel

2

.

Heenteredthestationshortlyafterfiveo'clockintheafternoon.Thisisa

3

timetotravelinLondon,

4

crowdsofpeoplegohomefromworkatthishour.He

5

tojoinalonglineofpeoplewaitingfortickets.Whenatlasthis

6

came,hehadsomedifficultyinmakinghimselfunderstoodbytheticketseller.

7

,hegottherightticketintheendandbyaskingpeopletheway,healsofoundtherightplatform(月臺).Itwas

8

withpeople.

Unfortunately,hedidnot

9

togetonthefirsttrain,buthewasabletomovenearertotheplatformsoastobeinabetter

10

togetonthenextone.Whenthistraincamein,Tomwas

11

forwardontothetrainbythepushofpeoplefrombehind.Thedoorsclosedandthetrainmovedoff.Hewasunabletoseethe

12

ofthestationswherethetrain

13

butheknewthatthestationhewantedwasthesixthstopalongtheline.Whenthetrainreachedthesixthstation,Tomgotoff,feeling

14

thathisjourneyhadbeensoeasy.Buthesuddenlyrealizedthathehadcometoastationhehadnever

15

.Heexplainedhistroubletoamanwhowasstandingontheplatform.Withasmileonhisface,hetoldTomthathehadcaughta

traingoing

intheopposite(相反的)

direction.

1.A.thought

B.advice

C.relation

D.favour

2.A.along

B.abroad

C.alone

D.away

3.A.short

B.terrible

C.possible

D.certain

4.A.but

B.and

C.so

D.because

5.A.planned

B.hoped

C.expected

D.had

6.A.turn

B.time

C.chance

D.luck

7.A.Besides

B.Instead

C.However

D.Hopefully

8.A.seized

B.caught

C.covered

D.crowded

9.A.agree

B.try

C.manage

D.expect

10.A.position

B.state

C.situation

D.seat

11.A.swept

B.fought

C.took

D.brought

12.A.signs

B.names

C.points

D.numbers

13.A.left

B.moved

C.started

D.stopped

14.A.sick

B.pleased

C.sorry

D.tired

15.A.talkedabout

B.heardof

C.thoughtof

D.arrivedat第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Chinasentupitssecondspacelaboratory,theTiangong2,onThursdaynight,whichwillbecomethecountry's①_______(large)scientificplatforminspace.Thelabwillundergo(經(jīng)歷)preparationsinspaceforaboutonemonthandwilltaketwoastronautstothelabtoenterit.②_______astronautswillstayinsidethelabfor30days,Strictly③_______(speak),theTiangong2isChina'sfirstspacelaboratory.

Microgravity(微重力),strongradiation④_______extremetemperaturesinspacecaninfluenceresearchonlifescience,physicsandnewtechnologies,soChinesescientistswillmakefulluse⑤_______theTiangong2todo⑥_______(experiment)thatarenotpossibleonEarth.

TheTiangong2hasdevicestotestin-orbitrepairtechnologiesforChina'sfuturemannedspacestation,⑦_(dá)______(plan)tobebuiltaround2022.Moreover,eachsystemonthespacelabusesaspecialdesign,whichmeanstheycanbe⑧_______(rapid)changedorrepairedincaseoftrouble.ThisisthefirsttimethataChinesespaceship⑨_______(use)thespecialdesign.Thecountryisexpected⑩_______(have)theonlyspacestationaftertheInternationalSpaceStationisretiredin2024.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你校英文報的Astronomy欄目正在舉辦征文比賽,你寒假參加過王教授在你市科技博物館舉辦的天文知識講座。請你根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷寫一篇短文給該報投稿,內(nèi)容包括:

1.

參加講座的經(jīng)歷;

2.

參加講座后的心得體會。注意:

1.

詞數(shù)80左右;

2.

可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯:講座lecture__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

SamWattswasa37-year-oldfishermanlivingandworkinginCanada.Oneday,SamplannedtoheadoutintothePacificat9amandworkstraightthroughuntil5pmthenextday.JoiningSamwouldbehiscrewman(船員),24-year-oldPomRuck.

AlthoughSamhadbeenwarnedthatastormwascoming,therewaslittlethatwouldkeephimfromgoing.Ashesailedthroughthewavesabout120kilometresfromland,Samletouthisthree-kilometre-longfishingline.Thestormwasgainingstrengthonlandbuthadyettoreachthemenfaroffshore(離岸的).Afterawhile,thatchangedaroundwherehewas.Wavesrockedthesmallboat,whichbegantoturnsidewayslikeanamusementparkride,"Getusoutofhere!”TomscreamedtoSam.“Let’sgoback!”

Withthewindsandwaveskickingup,theboatbegantofillwithwater.SamandTomtriedtopullinthe

?fishinglinetogether,butthehighwavesfilledtheboatwithmorewater,forcingSamtomakeaharddecision.Hecuttheline,losingthousandsofdollarsworthofequipmentandfishinthesea.Hethenpointedtheboattowardsaportfivehoursaway.Samthencalledhisboss,WilliamFox,toreporthisposition.

Withdawncoming,Samspottedtheriseofthemountainsonthehorizon(地平線).Hewasfiguringoutaroutethroughthedangerouswaterswhensuddenlyihemotorstopped.“Icouldn’tbelieveit,”Samsaid.“Wewere24kilometresoffthecoast,andthemotordied."Highwavesraisedanddroppedtheboat,sendingthemencrashingintothesides.“William,William!"Samyelledintotheradio.“Ifyou’recomingtogetme,comenow!"

"We'recoming!"Williamshoutedback.Paragraph1:

Shortlyafter,theradiodiedandthewindcontinuedtoblowstraightoffshore,drivingthemenfartherouttosea._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:

Thenextmorning,Samspottedafishingboatinthedistance.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：(1).C;(2).B;(3).B

解析：(1).推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)太空實(shí)驗(yàn),所以可推知從網(wǎng)站的“科學(xué)”欄目中能夠看到此文。

(2).細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知,這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是測驗(yàn)女性能否成為好的宇航員。

(3).推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知,IgorUshakov提到有些人說在一個廚房里兩個家庭主婦無法很好地相處,那么在太空中女宇航員在空間極其有限的情況下可能會發(fā)生沖突。由關(guān)鍵信息I'dliketowishyoualackofconflicts,eventhoughtheysaythatinonekitchen,twohousewivesfindithardtolivetogether可判斷。B答案：1.D;2.B;3.D;4.A

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段的信息“Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery”可知哈雷的這個發(fā)現(xiàn)純屬偶然,故選D項(xiàng)。

2.數(shù)字計算題。末段中的“Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearslogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetested.”告訴我們,他預(yù)言彗星出現(xiàn)的時間是1758年,而這個預(yù)言還要過53年才能驗(yàn)證,由此可以推斷出哈雷做出這個預(yù)言的時間是1705年,故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.主旨大意題。綜觀全文不難看出,文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn),故選D項(xiàng)。

4.綜合判斷題。從文章首句可以看出C項(xiàng)錯誤;從第二題的分析中可知B項(xiàng)也錯誤;牛頓告訴哈雷替星的軌道是橢圓形的,可排除D。正確答案為A項(xiàng)。C答案：1.C;2.D;3.B;4.A

解析：1.推理判斷題。由第一段中的Philae...landedonacometin2014.However,itstransmissionsbackhomewentsilentsincethen.可知,Philae于2014年著陸彗星后就失聯(lián)了,所以當(dāng)人們再次聽到它傳來的聲音時一定很興奮,故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的Philae’sjobwastocollectmaterialstostudythecomet’scomposition.可知,Philae的任務(wù)是幫助科學(xué)家了解一顆慧星的相關(guān)情況,故選D項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的NowweplantochangehowRosettamovessothatPhilae

can

keepon

communicatingandreceivinginstructions.可知,Philae將會繼續(xù)服役,故選B項(xiàng)。

4.主旨大意題?？傆[全文可知,文章主要介紹了慧星著陸器Philae的一些情況。它在沉睡了好久之后醒了過來,并向地球發(fā)回了信息。D答案：1.D;2.B;3.B;4.A

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知,科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)火星上的黑色標(biāo)記是沙子不是水。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第三句可知,這樣的標(biāo)記會出現(xiàn)在火星的夏季。故選B。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知,Meyer還是相信火星上有生命。故選B。

4.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)句中的orwellhidden可知,cryptic的意思是“隱藏的;沒被發(fā)現(xiàn)的”。故選A。第二節(jié)答案：GBADE解析：這是一篇記敘文。文章作者詳細(xì)介紹了自己所從事的工作——颶風(fēng)追逐者。

1.

G根據(jù)上文IwasworkingfortlieNationalMeteorologicalOfficeinBracknell,nearLondon,intheautumnof1995,andIsawadocumentarycalledStormchaseswithfamily.可知,G選項(xiàng)(它是關(guān)于颶風(fēng)追蹤者的,我想:“哇,這真是一個有趣的工作!”)切題,該項(xiàng)中的It指代上文提到的紀(jì)錄片。故選G項(xiàng)。2.

B根據(jù)下文Ihavebeenallovertheworldhuntinghurricanes.可知,作者一直在世界各地追蹤颶風(fēng)。所以此處引出下文,B項(xiàng)(這份工作我最喜歡的是旅行)切題。故選B項(xiàng)。3.

A根據(jù)上文Ialsoloveworkingwithlopscientists.可知,A項(xiàng)(我從他們身上學(xué)到了很多)切題,且A項(xiàng)中的them指代topscientists。4.

D根據(jù)上文Peopleoftenaskmewhatanaveragedayislike.?Infact,there'snosuchthingasanaveragedayinmyjob!和下文的Weoftentakeoffatamoment’snoticetohuntstorms.可知,該空承上啟下,D項(xiàng)(這完全取決于人氣,你無法控制)切題。故選D項(xiàng)。5.

E根據(jù)上文Next,Iwouldliketojoinaspaceprogrammeandbethefirstmeteorologistinspace.可知,E選項(xiàng)(然而,我還沒有想到可以在太空做的實(shí)驗(yàn))切題,故選E項(xiàng)。第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)答案：1.B;2.C;3.B;4.D;5.D;6.A;7.C;8.D;9.C;10.A;11.A;12.B;13.D;14.B;15.B

解析：1.考查名詞辨析。thought想法;advice建議;relation關(guān)系;favour幫忙。結(jié)合上下文可知,這是Tom第一次去倫敦玩,他盼望著倫敦的地鐵之旅,所以沒有聽朋友的建議(advice),決定單獨(dú)行動。故選B。

2.考查副詞辨析。along—起;abroad在國外;alone獨(dú)自;away離去。Tom盼望著倫敦的地鐵之旅,所以沒有聽朋友的建議,決定單獨(dú)(alone)行動。故選C。

3.考查形容詞辨析。short短的;terrible糟糕的;possible可能的;certain必然的。Tom在五點(diǎn)后上的地鐵,這是一個糟糕的(terrible)出行時間,因?yàn)橼s上了下班的晚高峰。故選B。

4.考查連詞辨析。but但是;and并且;so因此;because因?yàn)椤＝Y(jié)合上下文可知,下午五點(diǎn)不適合坐地鐵,因?yàn)?because)很多人在這個時間下班回家。故選D。

5.考查動詞辨析。planned計劃;hoped希望;expected期待;had不得不。因?yàn)橼s上晚高峰,所以Tom不得不(haveto)排長隊(duì)等著買票。故選D。

6.考查名詞辨析。turn輪次;time時間;chance機(jī)會;luck運(yùn)氣。結(jié)合上下文可知,好不容易輪到(turn)Tom買票了,他卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他聽不懂售票員說什么。故選A。

7.考查副詞辨析。Besides除此之外;Instead反而;However然而;Hopefully有希望地。結(jié)合下文可知,Tom聽不懂售票員說什么,然而(however)他最后還是買對票了。故選C。

8.考查詞語辨析。seized逮捕;caught抓住;covered覆蓋;crowded擁擠。結(jié)合上下文可知,月臺上擠滿(crowded)了人,所以Tom沒能上去。故選D。

9.考查動詞辨析。agree同意;try嘗試;manage成功(做成);expect期待。結(jié)合下文“togetonthenextone”可知,第一班地鐵里擠滿了人,所以Tom沒有成功(manage)擠上去,要等下一班地鐵。故選C。

10.考查名詞辨析。position位置;state狀況;situation情況;seat座位。結(jié)合上下文可知,Tom雖然沒能擠上第一班地鐵,但是他往前移動了一些,這樣就有了好位置(position)能擠上下一班地鐵了。選A。

11.考查動詞辨析。swept打掃,橫掃;fought戰(zhàn)斗;took帶走;brought帶來。結(jié)合上下文可知,第二班地鐵來了之后,Tom直接被后面的人橫掃(sweep)到車?yán)锪?。故選A。

12.考查名詞辨析。signs標(biāo)志;names名字;points要點(diǎn);numbers數(shù)字。Tom被人群擠上了車,他還沒來得及科各站的名稱(name),但是他知道是要去第六站。故選B。

13.考查動詞辨析。left留下;moved移動;started開始;stopped停下。結(jié)合上下文可知,Tom被人群擠上了車,他還沒來得及看那些會停車(stop)地的站名。故選B。

14.考查形容詞辨析。sick病的;pleased高興的;sorry抱歉的;tired疲憊的。Tom在第六站下了車,感到很高興(pleased),因?yàn)樗穆贸淌侨绱巳菀?。故選B。

15.考査動詞短語辨析。talkedabout談?wù)?heardof聽說;thoughtof想出;arrivedat到達(dá)。結(jié)合下文“hehadcaughtatraingoingintheoppositedirection"可知,Tom并沒有到他要去的那個站,而是到了一個沒聽說過(hearof)的站。故選B。