Welcomeunit句子成分講解 習(xí)題課件-高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit4SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefulStructures組成句子的各個部分叫句子成分，你所知道的句子成分有哪些?1.主語(subject)2.謂語(predicate)3.賓語(object---直賓directobject

間賓indirectobject)4.表語(predicative)5.定語(attribute)6.狀語(adverbial)7.補(bǔ)語(objectcomplement)1.主語(subject)它是句子的主體部分，是說明的對象，是動作的執(zhí)行者或發(fā)出者。主語通常由名詞、代詞及動詞-ing形式等充當(dāng)。Tomisgoodatplayingthepiano.Somkingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Toreadinthesunisbadforyoureyes.Whathehassaidistrue.2.謂語(predicate)它用來說明主語的狀態(tài)或主語所做的動作。它由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成，也會由情態(tài)動詞、be動詞及助動詞加動詞構(gòu)成。Thestudentsareplayingbasketball.LucycanspeakEnglishwell.Myfatherdidn’tlistentomyadvice.Herunseverymorning.DavidtookpartintheFootballClub.3.賓語(object---直賓directobject

間賓indirectobject)它表示動作的對象或承受者，一般位于及物動詞(vt)（短語）和介詞后面。間接賓語通常是人，直接賓語通常是物。Mikelovesswimming.Iwantedtoleavehere.Heenjoyedplayingbasketball.Hegivesmeapen.Alexgavehissisterthepiano.Maryhandedmetheletter.7.賓語補(bǔ)足語(objectcomplement)它補(bǔ)充說明賓語的動作或狀態(tài)，使句子的意義完整。Ifoundthebookinteresting.TheycalledtheirdaughterAmy.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfunderthebed.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.洞(v)前有豬(主)洞(v)后有兵(賓)4.表語(predicative)它用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)。它一般位于系動詞之后，由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及從句充當(dāng)。常見的系動詞有：1.be：am,is,are,was,were2.感官：smell,feel,sound,taste,look...3.變化：become,get,turn,go,come,get...4.持續(xù)性:keep,remain,stay,stand...5.狀態(tài)：seem,appear...

系動詞不用于被動語態(tài)?。?！Theappletastessweet.Thatwaswasover.Heremainedinpoorhealthallthoseyears.Youlooksunhappytoday.Theteacherwassingingintheclassroom.5.定語(attribute)它起修飾限制名詞或代詞的作用，分為前置定語和后置定語，一般由形容詞性物主代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞或句子充當(dāng)。XiaoMingisacleverboy.(adj.)Thereare50studentsinourclass.(num.)Thegirlinredishissister.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.ThemanwhoisplayingtheguitarisJack.6.狀語(adverbial)它用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特征，可表示時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、伴隨、條件、程度、讓步等。Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.Weoftengotoschoolbybus.Ilikeyouverymuch.WhenIwasyoung,Ialwayslistenedtotheradio.1.主+謂

Allofuslaughed!

2.主+系+表

Sheisbeautiful.3.主+謂+賓

Imissmygrandma.4.主+謂+間賓+直賓

Hetoldusafunnystory.

5.主+謂+賓補(bǔ)

Ifoundthebikeold.6.主謂狀

Irunquickly.

7.主謂賓狀

Ihadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.8.therebe結(jié)構(gòu)ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.基本句型1.Icouldn’tconcentrateontheexperiment.2.Ifeltmuchmoreconfident.3.Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.4.Tomorrowwillbegreat.5.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool.6.Wehado