新高一暑假課程-時(shí)態(tài)完型

have have hadwillwill willhavewouldwould wouldhave學(xué)員編號(hào) 級(jí)：高 課時(shí)數(shù)學(xué)員 輔導(dǎo)科目 學(xué)科教師授課類C(T（時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)同步訓(xùn)練T（授課日期及教學(xué)內(nèi)時(shí)一般 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：every,omtimes, at…,onundayIleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Hecyclestoworkeveryday. ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Waterboilsat100centigradedegrees.表示格言或警句中Pridegoesbeforea 注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Columbusprovedthattheearthis現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、Idon'twantsoAnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeak一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)下列動(dòng)詞：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。這主Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中WhenBillcomeswillcome),askhimtowaitforme.I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.hopetakecarethat,makesurethat等后IhopetheyhaveanicetimenextMakesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavethe一般過(guò)去在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterdaylastweekanhourago,theotherdayin1982等WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Heusedtoactlikethat.用在條件句中表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)不符的虛擬語(yǔ)氣IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoIfhewereherenow,wecouldturntohimfor注意比較下列（重點(diǎn)Itistimeforsbtodosth.該去做某事Itistimesbdidsth.“時(shí)間已遲了；早該……了Itistimeforyoutogoto Itistimeyouwentto would(had)rathersb.did 表示“寧 做某事I'dratheryoucameChristinewasaninvalid（久病者）allherlife. Christinehasbeenaninvalidallherlife. MrsDarbylivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.含義：達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。用于Ididn’tknow…或Iforgot…，表示事先不知道或不記得，但現(xiàn)在已知道或記得的事情Ididn’tknowyouwerehere.（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道book.一般將來(lái)shall用于第一人稱，常被will所代替。will在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見(jiàn)時(shí)常用于第二人稱WillyoubeathomeatseventhisbegoingtoWhatareyougoingtodoTheplayisgoingtobeproducednextLookatthedarkclouds;thereisgoingtobeabe+不定式表將來(lái)，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生Wearetodiscussthereportnextbeaboutto不定式，意為馬上做某事（重點(diǎn)Heisabouttoleavefor注意：beaboutto不能與tomorrownextweek等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用begoingtowill的用法之比較用于條件句時(shí)，begoingto表將來(lái)，willIfyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonasNowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthebetobegoingto的用法之比較（難點(diǎn)beto表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。而begoingto則表 的打算或計(jì)劃Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(客觀安排I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表示現(xiàn)在(指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情Wearewaitingfor Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel. SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get, e,turn,run,go,begin等TheleavesareturningIt'sgettingwarmerand與always,constantly,forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話人 色彩（重點(diǎn)Youarealwayschangingyour不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞have,belong,possesscost,oweexistinclude,contain,matterweigh,measure,continueIhavetwobrothers.Thishousebelongstomy心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞:know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hateIneedyourHeloveshervery瞬間動(dòng)詞accept,receive,complete,finishgive,allowdecide,refuse.Iacceptyouradvice. seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get, e,turnYouseemalittletired.過(guò)去進(jìn)行過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)thismorningthewholemorning,alldayyesterdayfromninetoten,lastevening,whenwhileMybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.ItwasrainingwhentheylefttheWhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwas現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞詞j，alad,oe,et,,ever等狀語(yǔ)連用。Haveyoueverriddenahorse?Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.I’vejustlostmysciencebook..（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)forsincesofarnowtodaythisweek(monthyear)等Ihaven’tseenhertheseShehaslearntEnglishfor3years.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350注意示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞come,go,diemarrybuy等的完成時(shí)不能與forsince等表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)連havebeen(to)havegone(to)的區(qū)別havehasbeen(to)表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)”某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)此人很可能不在那里，已經(jīng)回來(lái)。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷have/hasgone(to)表 “已經(jīng)去了”某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)此人在那里，或可能 ，反正不在這里HehasbeentoBeijing.他曾去 。（人已回來(lái)，可能在這兒HehasgonetoBeijing.他已經(jīng)去 。（人已走，不在這兒一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較（重點(diǎn)過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterdaylastweek，…ago,in1980inOctoberjustnow,具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forsince,sofareverneverjust,yet,tilluntil,uptonowinpastyearsalways,等不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有thismorningtonight,thisApril,nowonce，before,already y等Isawthisfilmyesterday.（Ihaveseenthisfilm.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響 的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了ShehasreturnedfromParis.（）Shereturnedyesterday.（）HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.(在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(三年前入團(tuán)，joined為短暫行為。注意：句子 過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如yesterday,lastweek,in1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)（錯(cuò)）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslast（對(duì)）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslast過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：had+過(guò)去分過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或者某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；句中常用bybefore,until,when等詞引導(dǎo)BytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewIhadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredthe過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或者持續(xù)下Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12told,said,knewheard,thoughtShesaid(that)shehadneverbeento在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在后，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)When arrived,thethieveshadrun表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“原本……，Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoubeforebyuntilwhen,afteronceHesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishBythetimehewastwelve,EdisonhadbegantomakealivingbyTomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedatthe用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替完成時(shí)的情況：（重點(diǎn)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后then，and，but等連詞時(shí)，多用一Whenshesawthemouse，shescreamed.MyauntgavemeahatandIlostit.兩個(gè)動(dòng)作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；如第一個(gè)動(dòng)作需要若干時(shí)間完成，用過(guò)去完時(shí)WhenIheardthenews,Iwasvery敘述歷史事實(shí)，可不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而只用一般過(guò)去OurteachertoldusthatColumbusdiscoveredAmericain過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。它是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，即立足于過(guò)去某時(shí)，從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間看即將發(fā)生的事情就要用這一時(shí)態(tài)。HesaidhismotherwouldbuyabikeforMybrothertoldmehewouldn’tbelieveJackanymore.Woulditbeallrightifheknewhisillness?基本形式：would／should（would用于各種人稱，should常用于第一人稱Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory．他們堅(jiān)信會(huì)贏得最后勝利。Hedidn'texpectthatweshould（would）allbethere．他沒(méi)想到我們都在那里。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的一些其它表達(dá)形式：（重點(diǎn)was／were＋goingto＋動(dòng)詞Hesaidhewasgoingtotry．TheysaidtherailwaywastobeopenedtotrafficonMayWewereabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain（突然）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（一般多為動(dòng)作概念較強(qiáng)的動(dòng)詞，如go，come，leave，start，open，begin等）也可用于表示Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去Hesaidhewouldcometoseeyouwhenhehad將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)（重難點(diǎn)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)概念：表示將來(lái)某時(shí)進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作，或按預(yù)測(cè)將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生的事情She'llbecomingI'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthe將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法ThistimetomorrowIshallbeflyingtoGuangzhou.Whatwillyoube ngateighttomorrowmorning?Ihopeyouwon'tbefeelingtootired.We'llbe evisionall表示將來(lái)被客觀情況所決定的動(dòng)作或者按照安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作We'llbehavingteaafterdinnerasusual.Theleaveswillbefallingsoon.。Weshallbehavingameetingtomorrowmorning.I’llbetakingmyholidayssoon.注意：將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)不用于表示"意志"，不能I'llbehavingatalkwithsoon,tomorrowthisevening，onSundaybythistimetomorrowintwodays,tomorroweveningBythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthe將來(lái)完成時(shí)（重點(diǎn)+by+將來(lái)時(shí)間”連用，也可與e或ythetime引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句連用。ThechildrenwillhavegonetosleepbythetimewegetWhenyoucometonightateighto'clock，IshallhavewrittenmyBynextyearourteacherwillhavetaughtEnglishfortwenty注意：將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。使用這種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，多會(huì)涉及兩個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一個(gè)，一個(gè)在后；敘述前面的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞要用將來(lái)完成時(shí)；敘述后面的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。WewillhavecompletedtheworkbeforeyouHesaysthathewillhavegraduatedfromauniversitybeforeyoureturn現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法（選擇性講解表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在?，F(xiàn)在這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)終止，也可能仍然在進(jìn)行著Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Ithasbeenrainingforthreehours.“HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?”“IhavebeenlearningEnglishfortwo你英語(yǔ)學(xué)多久了?……我學(xué)了兩年了。(動(dòng)作可能延續(xù)有些不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞be，havelike，love，know，see，hear等，同樣也不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行Shehasbeenillforalongtime.Ihavenotseenyouforages.我好久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你了。性、臨時(shí)性、重復(fù)性、生動(dòng)性乃至感彩。WehavebeencleaningtheWehavecleanedtheBecareful!Johnhasbeenpaintingthe剛剛把門油漆過(guò)，現(xiàn)在油漆還未干，所以你 JohnhaspaintedthedoorJohn已經(jīng)刷過(guò)門了，無(wú)此含義，Theyhavebeenwideningtheroad．意思是他們?cè)诩訉採(cǎi)R路，但尚未完工。Theyhavewidenedtheroad．意思則是已完工了。Haveyoubeenmeetingherla Haveyoumetherla Who'sbeeneatingmyapples？（ 彩，表 不滿。有“蘋果未被全部吃光”的意思Who'seatenmyapples（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般

時(shí)態(tài)之間的相互替When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incase（that）,unless,evenif,whether,themomenttheminute,thedaytheyearimmediay等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，條件句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。例HeisgoingtovisitherauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.他一到一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般Thenewspapersaysthatit'sgoingtobecoldtomorrow.Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattle 正在向前挺進(jìn)，大戰(zhàn)開(kāi)始一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在有些動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替完成時(shí)，如hear, l,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember等。Ihear（=haveheard）hewillgotoLondon.Iforget（=haveforgotten）howoldheis.Itissince…"代替"Ithasbeensince…"Itis（hasbeen）fiveyearssincewelastmet.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在在Herecomes…/Theregoes…等句型里，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：Theregoesthebell. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)Areyoustayingwithusthisweekend?和我們一起度周末好嗎?Weareleavingsoon. 漸變動(dòng)詞，如get,run, e,begin以及瞬間動(dòng)詞die等。例如Heisdying.鞏固復(fù)習(xí)就以上重點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)做一個(gè)回顧描述，舉例說(shuō)一般過(guò)去與將來(lái)完過(guò)去完完成進(jìn)將來(lái)進(jìn)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)I.Fillintheblankswiththeverbsgivenintheirproper (listen)tothesongsbyBeatlesat8o'clocklastHe (arrive)whenILastnight (notgo)backhomeuntiltheteacherleftComradeLiDazhao (put)inprisoninWecouldnothelp (laugh)afterweheardtheWouldyouplease (bring)meanEnglish-Chinesedictionarywhen,youHetoldmethathe (visit)theGreatWalltheyear lhimthenewsassoonashe (come) (be)aphysicstestnextI'msorryyou'vemissedthelastbus. (leave)tenminutes1.was 2.had; 3.didn't 4.was 5. 7.had 8. 9.will 10.—BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt （leave）forLondontoattenda WillhaveThemanagerhadfallenasleepwherehe （lie),without WasWhenMarkopenedthedoor,hesawawomanstandingthere.He (see)her HadneverThelittlegirl (cry)herheartoutbecauseshe (lose)hertoybearandbelievedshewasn'tevergoingtofindit.cried,hadlostJohnandI (be)friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe (see)eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.Havebeen,hadAllmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,her Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.I （know）forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.Had9.Whenhewasalive?theoldscientistusedtosaythatknowledge (come)frompracticeandhegainedhisexperienceby ngalotofpractical —Whereisthemorning—I foryouatA. B.am C.to D.will aconcertnextA.Therewill B.Willthere C.Therecan D.ThereIftheycome,we aA. B.will C. D.wouldIfit tomorrow,we'llgoroller-A.isn't B.won't C.doesn't D.doesn'the akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen boatingintheA.willfly;will B.willfly;C.isgoingtofly;will D.flies;willThere abirthdaypartythisA.shall B.will C.shallgoingto D.willgoingtoThey anEnglisheveningnextA.are B.aregoingto C.will D.isgoingtoSorry,Ican'topenthedoor,forI thekeytoA. B. C.had D.have—It'sgoodtoseeyouagain,—Thishasbeenourfirstchancetovisit fromA.you B.you C.youhave D.—DidyouexpectFranktocometotheNo,butIhad A.him B.himto C.thathe D.thathewould—Bobmustbeveryhe moreinonedaythanIdoinaA.hasbeen B.had C. D.has—Comeonin,Peter,IwantshowyouOh,howniceofyou! tobringmeaA.didn'tthink,were B.hadn'tthought,wereC.neverthink,are D.neverthought,wereIfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She ataradioshopattheA.has B.was C.hadbeen D.hadThereportersaidthattheUFO easttowestwhenhesawA.was B. C.hadbeen D.wasto—"What'sthematter,Ali?Youlooksad."Oh,nothingmuch.Asamatteroffact,I ofmyfriendsbackhome.A.just B.havejustbeenC.wasjust D.havejustWhenLiMinghurriedhome,hefoundthathismother already toA.has;been B.had; C.has; D.had;beenShe herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband A.hasleft; B.hadleft;wouldC.hadleft; D.left;hadZhaoLan already inthisschoolfortwoA.was; B.will; C.has; D.are;We XiaoLisinceshewasalittleA. B.had C.have D.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm itA.will B.have C. D.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedReally?When A.willthey B.didthey C.dothey D.havetheyThehousebelongstomyauntbutshe hereanyA.hasn't B.didn't C.hadn't D.doesn't—Yourjob openforyourA.willbe B.will C.had D.hadbeenTheyounggirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.She A.hasn't B.didn't C.hadn't D.wasn't—MrGordenaskedmetoremindyouofthemeetingthisafternoon.Don'tyouforgetOK.I A. B. C. D.1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25ElegantperformancesbyGregoryPeckandAudreyHepburninthe1953Hollywoodclassic“RomanHoliday”madetheancientcityaromanticdestination.Manyfamouspeople,likeJuliusCaesar,havelefttheirmarksonthecity.The “Romewasn’tbuiltinaday”isprovedquicklywhenyoustartexploringthecity.Likea ofarchitectureandhistory,Rome50amixtureoftemples,churches,andstatuesfromdifferentYoucan51yourselfagladiator(角斗士)intheColosseum,showeredwithapplauseandflowerslikeathunderstormfromtheaudience.Youcan52masterpiecesbyDaVinciandMichelangelowithyourowneyesintheVatican,theworld’ssmallestcountry.Inadditiontoits53richness,Romeisfamousforitshospitality(好客).Don’t54ifyoudon’tspeakItalian.Asimple“Ciao”,(pronounced“chow”;Englishmeaningbothoandgoodbye),canbringyouwarmsfromthelocalpeople.“WheninRome,do55theRomansdo”isanothersaying.Sodon’tforgettomakea56whilethrowingacoinintotheTreviFountain.ItissaidthewishwillbringyoubacktoRomeoneday.Thefountainissaidtobethemost57oneintheworld,because“allroadsleadtoRome”.Believeitornot,thefountaingets$1000-worthofcoinseveryA.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.完型填空：BCAABWhenIwaspregnant,everybodytoldmemylifewouldneverbethesameoncethebabywasborn.IthoughtIlwhatthey44.Myhusband,JimandIare45alotandsawallthemovieswecould,asifwewerestoringupenough"46"tolastusthenextl8years.ButnowthatMichaelishere.thechangeisn'tthatwe've ehostagestoababy.It'smorelikesomethinghashappenedtous,notourlife.we'vebeenbotheredbyanoverwhelming（壓倒性的）feelingofloveandaconsumingdesireto47andcareforthischildofours.Ours!Howelsetoexplainourwillingnesstoacceptallthe48sleep?Atfirst,Ifeltsoinept(的)atbabycare.ButI'mstartingtogetthe49lifedown.AndifImakeamistake---likehavingthebathwatertoocold---Michaelsuretolme.Hehasahealthycry!BeinghomewithMichael,I'vefoundthatthe50ofbathing,feeding,andchanginghimtakeshours.WhenJimcomeshomefromwork,heoftenfindsmestillinmysweats,withdishesinthesinkanddustinthecomers,HeusedtothinkIjustsataroundallday.ButlastweekendIgavehimaday51withMichael.Nowheunderstands!Lay,Jimhas.feltalittle520utofMichael'slife.EventhoughhespendsalotoftimewithMichaelintheeveningandontheweekends,Ihavesomuchmoreinteractionwithhimhours.WetalkedaboutthisanddecidedthatI'II.be“53"everynightafterdinner.Thisway,JimgetsmoretimewithMichael,andIgettimetodootherthings.44A.B.C.D.45A.B.C.D.46A.B.C.D.B.C.D.48.A,B.C.D.49.ABC.D.B.C.D.51.AB.C.D.B.CD.53.A.freeB.inC.offD.on44—53Asasayinggoes,everybeanhasitsblack.Itisimpossibletomakenomistakesallone’slife.MygrandpaNybakken,acarpenter,isno .Severaldecadesagohemadeamistake–a(n) mistake,though.OnacoldSaturday,Mother’sfatherwasbuildingsomewoodencasesfortheclotheshis3 wassendingtoanorphanage(孤兒院)inChina.Onhiswayhome,he intohisshirtpockettofindhisglasses,buttheyweregone.Herememberedputtingthemtherethatmorning,sohedrovebacktothechurch.Hissearchproved Whenhe replayedhisearlieractions,herealizedwhathappened.Theglasseshadslippedoutofhispocketunnoticedandfallenintooneofthecases,whichhehadnailed(用釘子釘)shut.Hisbrandnewglasses,havingcosthim$20thatverymorning,wereheadingforChina!Hehadtodrivehome Severalmonthslater,thedirectoroftheorphanagecametogiveareportonSundaynightatmygrandfather’schurch,whichGrandpaandhisfamilyalsoattended.“Butmostofall,”hesaid,“ImustthankyoufortheclothesyousentlastyearYousee,thebandits(土匪had throughtheorphanage,destroyingeverything,includingmyglasses.Iwas Ihadthemoney,therewassimplynowayof thoseglasses. notbeingabletoseewell,Iexperiencedheadacheseveryday.Thenyourcasesarrived.Whenmystaff thecovers,theyfoundapairofglasseslyingontop.”Then,stillgripped(吸引注意)withthe ofitall,hecontinued:“Folks,whenItriedtheglasses,itwasasthoughtheyhadbeencustom-made(定制的)justforme!Iwanttothankyouforbeingapartofthat!”Thepeople forthe 般的)glasses.Butthedirectorsurelymust theirchurchwithanother,theythought.Therewerenoglasseson ofitemstobesentButsittingquietlyintheback,withtearsstreamingdownhisface,anordinarycarpenterrealizedtheCarpenterhadusedhiminanextraordinary41.A. B.C.D.42.A. B.C.D.43.A. B.C.D.44.A. B.C.D.45.A. B.C.D.46.A. B.C.D.47.A. B.C.D.48.A.In B.AslongC.D.Even49.A. B.C.D.50.A. B.AlongC.RatherD.As51.A. B.C.D.52.A. B.C.D.53.A. B.C.D.54.A. B.C.D.55.A. B.41-45 46-50 51-課后作C.listD.GreatBritainisanislandthatliesoffthenorthwestcoastofEurope.ThenearestcountryisFrance,whichis20away.GreatBritainisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel.TheislandissurroundedbytheAtlanticOceantothewest,andtheNorthSeatotheeast.ItincludesthemainlandsofEngland,WalesandScotland.ScotlandisinthenorthwhileWalesisinthewest.Ireland,whichisalsoanisland,liesoffthewestcoastofGreatBritain.ItismadeupofNorthernIrelandandtheIrishRepublic.GreatBritaintogetherwithNorthernIrelandformstheUnitedKingdom(U.K.).SotheU.K.ismadeupoffourparts.ThelargestoftheseisEngland,whichisdividedinto43counties(縣、郡).ThecapitalcityisLondon,whichisontheRiverThames.GreatBritainisseparatedfromFrance theNorth B.theSuezC.theEnglish D.theRiverGreatBritainlieson oftheAtlanticA. B.northC. D.TheUnitedKingdomismadeup England,Wales,ScotlandandEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernGreatBritainandGreatBritainandtheIrishItisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthethousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itincludesnotonlythingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storagecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000"words"—readyforinstantuse.AnaverageU.S.teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningsofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenum?beroffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvinginligenceofhu?manbeings.Alargepartofa'smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.Accordingtothepassage,memoryisconsideredto thebasisfordecisionmakingandproblemanabilitytostoreexperiencesforfuturethe ligencetypicallypossessedbyhumanthedatamainlyconsistingofwordsandcombinationsof Thecomparisonmadebetweenthememorycapacityofalargecomputerandthatofahumanbeingshows thecomputer'smemoryhasalesscapacitythanathecomputer'smemorycapacityismuchsmallerthananadulthumanthecomputer'smemorycapacityismuchsmallereventhanabothAandThewholepassageimplies onlyhumanbeingshaveproblem-solving 'smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer'sineveryanimalsareabletosolveonlyverysimpleanimalssolveproblemsbyinstinctratherthan Thetopicofthepassageislikelyto WhatWouldLifeBeLikeWithoutMemoryIsofVitalImportancetoHowIs 'sMemoryDifferentfromanAnimal'soraWhatIsContainedinEveryonetalksaboutthe"five"sensesofman.Anditistruethatwegetourinfor?mationabouttheoutsideworldfromoursensesofsight,hearing,smell,touchandtaste.Researcherslusthatthesenseofsight—ourvisualsense—givesusupto80%ofwhatweknowabouttheworldoutsideourbodies;whiletheothersenses,theauditory(hearing),theolfactory(smell),thetactile(touch),andthegustatory(taste)bringintoourbrainsinformationabouttheothertwentypercentofwhatishappening.Buttherearetwoothersensesthatwecannotgetalongwithout,thoughtheyareseldomnoticed.Thesearethesenseofbalance,withoutwhi