初中英語從句(全)

初中英語從句(全)初中英語從句(全)初中英語從句(全)資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語從句(全)版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：名詞性從句分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。賓語從句1.語述問題跟隨陳述語序如：Theywanttoknowwherehewasborn.Whatiswrongwithyou=whatisthematterwithyou

這個句子不變語序。Ijustwanderwhatitisthatmakeshimsoexcited.2.時態(tài)（tense）如果主語是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可以根據(jù)實際情況而定Shetellsmethatshewillcometomorrow.Shetellsmethatshewonthefirstprizeyesterday.主語為過去時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應的過去的某種時態(tài)。Shetoldmeshewouldwonthefirstprizenextyear.(過去將來時ShetoldmeshehadbeeninBeijingfor3years.（過去完成時）從句為客觀真理、定義、公理、定理時，用一般現(xiàn)在時Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.3.連詞1.that:在句子中不作為成分的時候，可以省略。但是有些情況下that不能省略：當動詞后，賓語從句不止一個時，第二個起that不能省略。Theyknow(that)hewashonestandthathehadnomoney.當that從句被短語或者詞組與謂語動詞分開時不能省略。Inoticed，forthefirsttime,thatourteacherwaswearingahat.It作形式賓語，that從句做真正賓語時Hefindsitnecessarythatheshouldlearnforeignlanguages.在wonder/doubt/besure/certain之后不能省略Iwanderthathefailed.（我很驚訝他失敗了）2.where和if之間的區(qū)別Idon’tknowwhetherornotwewillhaveanexaminationthisweek.Idon’tknowwhether/ifwewillhaveanexaminationornotthisweek.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if當whether后面緊跟著ornot時只能用whether.在動詞discuss/doubt后面只能用whether.Theyarediscussingwhetherthemeetingshouldbeheld.3.what引導Themoderncitywasbeautifulinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.4.否定轉(zhuǎn)移由think,believe,imagine,suppose等詞引導的時候，要將賓語從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。5.例句Wemustpayattentionto(A)makesmistakes.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.nomatterwhom表語從句1.可以連接表語從句的系動詞有be，look,feel,sound,seem,spear.2.that在表語從句中沒有任何意義，但是不能省略。Thereasonisthat…….3.在表語從句中不能用if作為連詞。但是可以用whether和asif引導。Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoit.Itlooksasifitwouldrain.(使用了虛擬語氣)4.itis/wasbecause+原因Itisbecausetheweatherwasbad.5.itis/waswhy+結(jié)果Itiswhyhewasfailed.6.特殊的表語從句Janeisnolongerwhatshewasfouryearsago.主語從句主語從句中that不能省略。1.常用句型It’sapitythat…….It’slikely/possiblethat……Itseems/happened/spearsthat…..Itissaid/known/believed/hopethat……2.例句It‘sbelievedthatGodcreatedthepeople.WhetherGodcreatedtheworldremainstobeseem.同位語從句1.定義當兩個指向同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時，一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子，后者就叫前者的同位語。Let’syouandmegoforawalk.2.標志詞Fact,idea,news,question,saying,possibility,truth,belief,hopepromise,suggestion,adviceHegotthenewsfromMarythatthemeetingwasputoff.Ihavenoideaatallwheretheyarespendingtheirholidays.有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。3.連接詞1.that（不能?。㏕heideathattheearthisaroundisnotanewone.2.thetherHemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.3.疑問詞Nextcomesthequestionswhatyouwanttoputinthebox.Nobodycanexplainthemysterywhyhesuddenlydisappeared.MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.其他從句還有定語從句(關鍵)，狀語從句。定語從句：一、結(jié)構(gòu)先行詞+關系詞+從句二、關系詞關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞關系代詞：that，which，who,whom,whose關系副詞：where(=in/on/atwhich)，why(=forwhich),when(=in/onwhich)例句：1.Themanwho/thatisstandinghereisTom.2.Themanthat/who/whom/或者省略heistalkingtoisTom.3.ThemantowhomheistalkingisTom.(介詞后必須加賓格并且不能省略)4.Theman,whosefatherisateacherwentabroad.5.Theman,thefatherofwhomisateacherwentabroad.6.Theman,ofwhomthefatherisateacherwentabroad.總結(jié)：…….,whose+n….和…..,thenofwhich(指物)/whom(指人)…以及…,ofwhich/whomthen這三個句型可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。三、只能用that不能用which的情況1.既有人又有物：theteachersandtheschoolsthat….2.有不定代詞或者有不定代詞修飾時：Iwilltellyoueverythingthat….Iwilltellyouallthethingsthat….3.最高級修飾或者序數(shù)詞修飾時：Themostbeautifulflowersthat….Thefirstmanthat…4.避免重復Whoisthemanthatisstandinghere?

WhichisthebookthatIlike?5.有only/very/justthen修飾時Heistheonlyonethat/whoisfitfor…ThisistheonlybookthatIwanttobuy.6.先行詞充當表語時Tomisn’ttheboythatheusedtobe.(定語從句，先行詞boy在句子中作為表語)Tomisn’twhatheusedtobe.(表語從句)四、只用which不能用that的情況1.非限制性定語從句（用逗號隔開的一般是非限制性定語從句）Theseappletrees，whichIplantedthreeyearsago，havenotborneanyfruit.2.介詞后用whichThereare30chairsinthesmallhall,mostofwhicharenew.3.避免重復Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.五、只用who不用that1.先行詞為指人的代詞：those,all,one,ones,someone,anyone,nooneThosewhowinthegamewillgettheprize.Allwhowenttherespokehighlyofthepark.2.therebe中先行詞為人是只用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.六、特殊的關系詞as1.as引導限制性定語從句時，一定充當主語或賓語或者表語。Shewearthesamecoatashersisterusuallydoes.Itissuchaninterestingfilmasweallliketosee.(定語從句不完整，as充當賓語)Itissuchaninterestingfilmthatweallliketoseeit.(從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，這是狀語從句)2.as引導非限制性定語從句Aswasexpected,hefinishedthetaskperfectly.Theearthisaround,asweallknow.Theearth,asweallknow,isaround.Asisoftenthecase,…..(情況往往是這樣的)Asisnatural,….(很自然的)這些短語可以用于議論文寫作。七、特殊句型先行詞充當主語時，注意主謂一致。1.thenumberofthepeoplewhoowncarsisincreasing.2.heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedexamination.Heistheoneofthestudentswhohaspassedexamination.3.ihavetwosisters,neitherofwhomareteachers.Ihavetwosistersandneitherofthemareteachers.Ihavetwosisters,neitherofthemteachers.4.therearesomepeopleinthegarden,whoseownerwasseated/sitting.therearesomepeopleinthegarden,it’sownerseated/sitting.therearesomepeopleinthegardenandit’sownerwasseated.5.isthisthefactorythat/which/或者省略youvisitedyesterday?

Isthisthefactorytowhichyoupaidavisit

Isthisthefactorywhereyouworked?

Isthisthefactory,theonewhich/that/可以省略youvisited?

Isthisthefactory,theonetowhichyoupaidavisited?

Isthisthefactory,theonewhere/inwhichyouworked?

6.thehousewhoseroofwasdamagedhasbeenrepairednow.Thehouse,theroofofwhichwasdamagedhasbeenrepairednow.Thehouseofwhichtheroofwasdamagedhasbeenrepairednow.7.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichIdidit.Thisisthereasonthat/whichhetoldme.8.Ihatethewayinwhich/that/可以省略hespoketohisfather.(way句子中作狀語)That‘sthewaywhich/that/可以省略youtoldme.(way句子中作賓語)Hegavemethewaywhich/thatisnotpractical.(way在從句中作主語)9.sheissocleveragirlthatshelearnseverythingquickly.Sheissocleveragirlaslearnseverythingquickly.狀語從句一、時間狀語從句When/while/as都可以跟持續(xù)性動詞As/when/whileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Imeetmyfriend.各個連詞的區(qū)別：1.when從屬連詞，可以引導持續(xù)性或者短暫性動詞，表明主句、從句動作同時發(fā)生或者從句動作在主句之前。WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseaside.(主從句動作同時發(fā)生)Whenthefilmended,peoplewenthome.（從句動作在主句之前）并列連詞Bedoing….when….Beabouttodo….When….Iwasdoinghomeworkwhenthelightwentoff.Iwasabouttojumpintotheriverwhenhestoppedme.表示原因、作“既然”的意思Howcouldyouexpecttolearnanythingwhenyoudidn’tlisteninclass.Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalktherein5minutes.2.while只引導持續(xù)性動詞Don’ttalktooaloudwhileothersareworking.并列連詞，作“而，卻”的意思HelikespopmusicwhileIamfondoffolkmusic.作“盡管，雖然”的意思WhileIadmitthereareproblems,Idon’tagreethattheycan’tbesolved.3.as主句從句動作同時發(fā)生或者交替發(fā)生，作“一邊。。。一邊。。?！?，“隨著。。?！钡囊馑糀stimegoeson,…….Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.4.assoonas=themoment=theminute=theinstant=immediately=directly=instandlyI’lltellhimthenewsassoonashecomes.5.nosooner…than…=hardly/scarily/barely…when…倒裝句，主句用haddone過去完成時。Nosoonerhadhearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.他剛到火車站，火車就離開了。6.not…until…Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.=Notuntilhefinishedhishomeworkdidhegotobed.(倒裝句)=Itwasnotuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthathewenttobed.(強調(diào)句)7.since“自從….以來“從句是短暫性動詞IthasbeentenyearssinceIgraduated.Itis3yearssincehesmoked.=Itis3yearssincehestoppedsmoking.(不抽煙已3年了)8.before“多久以后才。。?！盩heyhadwalked4daysbeforetheyarrived.“還沒來得及。。。就。。?！癟hehousehadfallendownbeforetheycouldrunout.“趁還沒有。。。就。。?！盬riteitdownbeforeyouforget.Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since…Itwillbe/was+一段時間+before…9.thefirsttimeIlikethebookthefirsttimeIsawit.10.everytime=eachtimeIvisitedtheteachereverytimeIwenthome.二、地點狀語從句連詞：where、whereverYouarefreetogowhereveryoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（有志者事竟成）三、原因狀語從句連詞：because：直接因果關系，語氣強，回答why問句。Since：“既然”,位于主句前。As:“由于”，位于主句前或者后面For:位于主句后，表示補充說明或者推測原因。Sinceanyoneishere,let’sbegin.Asitisraining,wewillnotgoout.Itmustberainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.四、目的狀語從句連詞：sothat….一般放在主句后。Inorderthat…..主句前或者后都可以，語氣更加正式。這兩個句型從句中往往有can/could/mightIwillspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Inorderthatyoucanseethesunrise,westartedearly.Forfearth