Unit 4 Earthquakes-Grammar課件 人教新課標必修一

高一必修1Unit4EarthquakesGrammar觀察閱讀下列句子，體會藍體部分的用法1．Ahugecrackthat

waseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses，roadsandcanals.2．Then，laterthatafternoon，anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.3．Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.4．Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.定語從句(Ⅰ)定語從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that，which，who(賓格whom，所有格whose)，其中that，which，who在從句中作主語或賓語，whom作賓語，whose用作定語。舊知導入在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句，放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞定語從句的相關(guān)概念1.定語從句定義：3.引導詞/關(guān)系詞：連接先行詞和定語從句的詞學習目標學習并掌握關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句2.理解關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whose的用法

1.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake_______________________________________shookTangshan.

2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose______________________________________.whichwas

almostasstrongasthefirstonewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadFindtheattributiveclausesinthetext自主學習反饋3.Ahugecrack_______________________________________________________________cutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.

that

waseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswide4.Thenumberofpeople____________________________________reachedmorethan400,000.who

werekilledorseriouslyinjured自主學習反饋TheAttributiveClause定語從句新課講解定語從句的相關(guān)概念1.定義：在復合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句2.先行詞：被修飾的名詞,代詞或整句話Therewas

anearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.關(guān)系代詞新課講解3.引導定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,which,that等關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why等新課講解關(guān)系代詞的基本用法1.that/which:(1)指人時that相當于who或者whom;指物時相當于which。在定語從句中作主語或者賓語,作賓語時可以省略。(2)which用來指物,在定語從句中作主語或者賓語,作賓語時可以省略。新課講解①Mr.Wangistheteacherthatcaresaboutmemost.(關(guān)系代詞that指代先行詞__________,并在定語從句中作主語。)theteacher②Thisisthepenthat/whichIlostyesterday.(關(guān)系代詞that/which指代先行詞_______,并在定語從句中作______,可以省略。)thepen賓語新課講解③Thebuilding______standsneartheriverisourschool.坐落在河邊的那座建筑是我們的學校。(關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作_____,不可省略。)④Thefilm______Isawlastnightwasverymoving.我昨天晚上看的那部電影很感人。(關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作_____,可以省略。)which

主語which賓語新課講解2.who/whom:who用來指人,在定語從句中作主語。作賓語時用whom。who在非正式語和口語中可以代替whom作賓語,可以省略。①Thenumberofpeoplewhocametovisitthiscityeachyearreachedonemillion.關(guān)系代詞who指代先行詞______,并且在定語從句中作主語,句意是:_________________________達一百萬。people每年來參觀這座城市的人數(shù)新課講解②Theprofessorwho/whomyouarewaitingforhascome.關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞____________,并且在定語從句中作賓語,所以用whom,也可以用____,并且可以省略。句意是:__________________已經(jīng)來了。Theprofessorwho你正在等待的教授新課講解3.whose:whose通常用來指人,也可以指物,在定語從句中作定語,相當于my,his,her,its,their等。①Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisadoctor.→Ihaveafriend____________isadoctor.我有一位爸爸是醫(yī)生的朋友。(whose指人,在定語從句中作father的定語,whosefather在定語從句中作主語。)whosefather新課講解②Thisisthecomputer.IhavejustchangeditsCPU.→Thisisthecomputer___________Ihavejustchanged.這就是我剛換了CPU的那臺電腦。(whose指物,在定語從句中作CPU的定語,whoseCPU在定語從句中作changed的賓語)whoseCPU新課講解注意：在語意理解上,whose相當于ofwhom/which。在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhom/which③Ivisitedascientist.ThenameofthescientistisJohnSmith.→Ivisitedascientistthenameof______isJohnSmith.→Ivisitedascientist______nameisJohnSmith.我拜訪了那位名叫約翰·史密斯的科學家。whomwhose新課講解④Theclassroomwillsoonberepaired.Thedoorsandwindowsoftheclassroomarebroken.→Theclassroomthedoorsandwindows________arebrokenwillsoonberepaired.→Theclassroom______doorsandwindowsarebrokenwillsoonberepaired.門窗壞了的那個教室很快會被維修。ofwhichwhose新課講解that和which用法的區(qū)別1.只能用that不能用which的情況(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,few,little,much

等不定代詞時。Iamsureshehassomething_____youcanborrow.Doyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?thatthat新課講解(2)先行詞被all,any,each,few,every,no,some,little,much等修飾時。I’veread

all

thebooks____youlendme.Pleasesendus

any

information____youhaveaboutthesubject.thatthat新課講解(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。Thisis

thefirstbook____hehasread.Itis

themostbeautiful

city____I’veeverseen.(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。Thisis

thevery

book____belongstohim.Heis

theonly

person_____waspresentatthetime.thatthatthatthat新課講解(5)先行詞既有人又有物時。Thefamouswriterandhisworks____theradiohasbeenbroadcastingarepopularwiththestudents.(6)當主句是以which或who開頭的特殊疑問句時。

Who

isthegirl_____drovethecar?

thatthat新課講解2.只用which不用that的情況(1)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中緊跟介詞作賓語（介詞提前）。Therearemanytrees___________theycanhavearest.Thisisthering_________shespent1,000dollars.(2)在非限制性定語從句中。

Football,_______isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.underwhichonwhichwhich新課講解Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm__________wevisitedthreemonthsago?2．Somecountries________namesIhadneverheardofbeforewereshownonthemap.3．Anyone_________failedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.4．All_______weneedisenoughrestafterlonghours'work.5．OnthetrainIsawagirl________Ithoughtwasyoursister.that/whichwhosewho/thatthatwho/thatⅡ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Themanisournewteacher.Heistalkingwithourheadmaster.→Theman________________________________isournewteacher.2．Maryismyclassmate.Herfatherisadoctor.→Mary，___________________，ismyclassmate.3．Thefactoryisverybig.Ivisitedthefactorylastweek.→Thefactory_________________________isverybig.4．Weneedmoretime.

→All_______________ismoretime.who/thatistalkingwithourheadmasterwhosefatherisadoctor(that/which)Ivisitedlastweek(that)weneed使用定語從句的注意事項1.關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致?！皁neof＋復數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；“theonlyoneof＋復數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.這是查理斯·狄更斯所寫的書中的其中一本。Ⅳ新課講解HeistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedFrench.他是我們班里唯一一個學過法語的男孩。注意：which引導非限制性定語從句時，往往代表前面所說的整個情況。這時which被看作單數(shù)，其后的謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式。HesaidhewasaFrenchman，whichwasnottrue.他說他是一個法國人，這不是真的。新課講解2.為避免關(guān)系詞的重復，被關(guān)系代詞所代替的成分不可在從句中重復出現(xiàn)。ThisisthefactorywhichwevisitedlastSunday.(visited后不可加it)這就是我們上星期天參觀過的工廠。新課講解3.關(guān)系代詞的