新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)課件

I.Theheadline(標(biāo)題)Twotypes：1、主標(biāo)題(headline)，usu.Largerprintingorsometimescolorfulprintingtoattractthereaders’attention2.次標(biāo)題(sub-headline),usu.undertheheadline,toprovidefurtherinformationortoexplaintheheadlineI.Theheadline(標(biāo)題)Twotypes：1headlinethetitleofanewspaperstorythatisprintedinlargeletters:

TheSydneyMorningHeraldcarriedtheheadline:'SorryMa'am,MostAustraliansWantaRepublic'.

theheadlines

1themostimportantstoriesinthenews:

Thefuelcrisiscontinuestodominatetheheadlines.

2make/hit/grabtheheadlinestobecomefamousbybeingreportedinthenewsheadlinethetitleofanewspap2FeaturesoftheheadlineI.Omission(省略)1.Functionwords(虛詞)suchasarticles,prep,conj,auxiliaryv.orpronareoftenomittedintheheadline.“Tobe”isalsooftenomittedEg.1).ItalianEx-mayorMurdered=(An)ItalianEx-mayor(Is)Murdered2)MarriedWomen(Are)toGetCareAllowance3).RailChaosGettingWorse=(The)RailChaos(Is)GettingWorse4)Journalistfiredinspydebate=(AJournalistisfiredinspydebate)5)Irishgroupkillsex-chief=(An)Irishgroupkills(its)ex—chiefFeaturesoftheheadlineI.Omi32.“And”isoftenreplacedby“,”Eg.1).Thailand,MalaysiaInkSeaTreaty=Thailand(and)MalaysiaInk(a)SeaTreaty2)WomanKillsHusband,Herself=(A)WomanKills(Her)Husband(and)Herself3.Linkverb“be”orsomeotherverbslike“say,show/reveal,etc.”arereplacedby“:”or“——”

Eg.1)Chineseacrobats：mastersofstunts(=TheChineseacrobatsaremastersofstunts)2)Mao:WeShouldSupportThirdWorldCountries=Mao(Says)(That)WeShouldSupport(the)ThirdWorldCountries2.“And”isoftenreplacedby4(3)Littleanti-USfeeling—diplomat=(Adiplomatsaysthereislittleanti-USfeeling)(4)EconomyGrowsSlowlyasUnemployment,InflationRise—Economists＝(EconomistsSaythatEconomyGrowsSlowlyasUnemploymentandInflationRise)(3)Littleanti-USfeeling—dip5II.Simplificationofthetense（動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)簡(jiǎn)化）1.“Presenttense”（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）isusedveryoften1).Thingswhichhappenedinthepast(過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情)eg.13dieascrowdedVanCrossesM42)Thingswhicharehappening.Eg.SchoolsAskParentsforMoneytowardBooks3)ThingswhicharegoingtohappenEg.SwedishOilDeliveriesHaltasStrikeSpreads4)ThingswhichhavehappenedEg.EUPlanstoBoostFrance’sRecoveryII.Simplificationofthetens62.“todo”（動(dòng)詞不定式）isusedtostandfor“futuretens”（將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)）Eg.1)PekingtoFireTestRockettoSouthPacific2)AtLeast4toLeaveCabinetasClintonBeginsNewTransition2.“todo”（動(dòng)詞不定式）isusedtos7III.Acronyms(首字母縮略詞)/abbreviations(縮寫(xiě)詞

)

1.Initialnames/acronymsofpropernames(organizations/agencies/disease)andcommonnames(professions/ranks)areoftenusedinheadlines.Eg.1).EU’sFuture:TheVisionandtheSlogEU=EuropeanUnion2)IMFtorecruitnewmembers(IMF=InternationalMonetaryFund)3）RAF'sNewJetMakesDebut(RAF=RoyalAirForce)CIA=CentralIntelligenceAgencyGOP=grandoldparty/RepublicanNATO=northAtlanticTreatyOrganizationAPEC,OPEC,WHO,IOC,MIT,FBI,NASAetc.III.Acronyms(首字母縮略詞)/abbrev8ABM=anti-ballisticmissile反彈道導(dǎo)彈ICBM=IntercontinentalBallisticMissileSALT=strategicarmslimitationtalks限制戰(zhàn)略武器會(huì)談WMD=weaponsofmassdistructionEST=EasternStandardTimeGMT=GreenwichMeanTimePR,UFO,WorldShockedasTopSoccerStarGetsAIDS(AIDS＝acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome)PC,faxsalesexpectedtosoarABM=anti-ballisticmissile反彈道91AussiePMsacks‘gentle’treasurer(AussiePM＝AustralianPrimeMinister)2RallycallsformoreblackMPs(MPs＝membersofparliament)

USRefusesMEtalksdatechangeWASHINGTON-TheUSadministrationonThursdayturneddownArabrequestforsettinganewstartingtimefortheMiddleEastpeacetalks.TheGuardian,Dec.6,19911AussiePMsacks‘gentle’tr102.Abbreviationsarealsooftenusedinheadlinestosavespaceandmakeheadlines1).NoHopefor118CrewofRussianSubSub=submarine2)UniversityEntryHardforWould-beVetsVet=veteran3)NewGroupstoBoostHi-techResearchHi-tech=hightechnology4)0verseasco-optogetboost(co-op--co-operations)5).EECwarnsNukeArmsSpread(Nuke＝Nuclearweapon)6)

ReaganVS．RightwingonBallisticMissileDefence(VS．＝Versus)2.Abbreviationsarealsoofte11IV.Midgetwords(小字)midgetwordsorsingle-syllablewordsareoftenusedinheadlineEg.1)theGemsofWar(gems=jewels寶石)2).TVAirs“Facts”onArmsDeliveryAir=tomakeknown

3)SovietsAssailUSonA-testsAssail=tocriticizestrongly4)GovernortoAxeAid?Axe=dismissfromajob,tocut,takeaway5)UnionsBackPeaceMoveBack=supportIV.Midgetwords(小字)midget126)BusBanonPupilsafterAttackonCrewBan=prohibition7)ClubFacesShutdownforBarringWomenBar=nottoallow,exclude8)ManClaimsGhostsightingClaim=todeclaretobetrue9)BombsClaims40Claim=tokill10)PeaceDriveSucceedsDrive=campaign,efforts11)Women’sGroupsEyeCourtVoteEye=towatchwithinterest12)FuelStrikeHitsHospitalHit=toaffectbadly6)BusBanonPupilsafterAtt1313)7heldforGamblingHold=tokeepinpolicecontrol,detain14)Thailand,MalaysiaInkSeaTreatyInk=tosign15)PostOfficeProfitsTop$40millionTop=toexceed16)ReaganweighsTaxIncreaseWeigh=toconsider13)7heldforGambling14簡(jiǎn)短小詞標(biāo)題除偏愛(ài)使用短小動(dòng)詞外，還常常選用簡(jiǎn)短、字母數(shù)少的名詞或名詞詞組。如accord與agreement，aide與assistant，aim與purpose，rally與amassassembly，drive與campaign，talk與negotiation等。例如：QUAKEDEATHTOLLMAYTOP2000

(＝THEDEATHTOLLINTHEEARTHQUAKEMAYEXCEED2000)

地震死亡人數(shù)估計(jì)已逾兩干NEWGROUPSBOOSTHI—TECHRESEARCH

(＝NEWGROUPSPROMOTEHIGHTECHNOLOGYRESEARCH)

新興集團(tuán)推動(dòng)高新技術(shù)研究BAKER，JAPANVISITOFF，ARMSISSUEHOT

(＝BAKER'sJAPANVISITISOFFANDTHEMILITARYWEAPONSISSUEISHOT)

軍備問(wèn)題爭(zhēng)論激烈貝克取消訪(fǎng)日之行簡(jiǎn)短小詞標(biāo)題除偏愛(ài)使用短小動(dòng)詞外，還常常選用簡(jiǎn)短、字母數(shù)少的15Classificationsoftheheadline（標(biāo)題分類(lèi)）Accordingtotheformandthecontent:1.Summary(摘要式)/statement(陳述式)：themainpointsaresummarized／statedintheheadline,easytounderstandEg.TaiwanRecognizesMainlandCurrency2.Question(設(shè)問(wèn)式):1)SthislikelytohappeninfutureEg.OilpricetoRise?OPECtoRaiseOilOutput?2)doubtsaboutsomethingEg.AEurope“WithOneVoice”?3.Quotation(引語(yǔ)式):Eg.“WeHavetoSaveOurPeople”,“WeWon’tQuit”

Classificationsoftheheadlin16Lead(導(dǎo)語(yǔ))itisusu.locatedinthefirstparagraphorfirstfewparagraphs,andsummarizesthenews/informationusuallyincluding5Ws&1H(When,Where,Who,What,Why,How)Formsoflead(導(dǎo)語(yǔ)形式)：1).Summarylead(概括式)，一般放在開(kāi)頭，以一個(gè)完整的句子總結(jié)出新聞的諸要素。這種導(dǎo)語(yǔ)主要用于重大新聞／硬新聞（hardnews）,包括了5Ws&1H的信息。句法上常常帶有較長(zhǎng)的分詞短語(yǔ)／同位語(yǔ)／從句２).Narrativelead(敘述式)，常用于特寫(xiě)文章（features）或時(shí)間性不強(qiáng)的一般新聞／軟新聞(softnews)。敘述性導(dǎo)語(yǔ)一般分為２－３段，合起來(lái)成為導(dǎo)語(yǔ)區(qū)（leadblock）.

Lead(導(dǎo)語(yǔ))itisusu.located173)Comparativelead(對(duì)比／照式),把兩個(gè)人或兩件事情進(jìn)行對(duì)比／對(duì)照，用以強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的變化。Eg.WhenBusterJonestookoverthelittlebaronMainStreetinWellston,hishairwasthecolorsometimesreferredtoas“fireinthewoodshed木棚”.Nowthere’s“snowontherooftop,”andnextJanuaryBusterwillcelebratehis40thyearinbusinessatthesamelittlebar.HetookalittletimeWednesdaytoreflectonsomeofthechangesinBuster’sOldInnsinceJan.1,1946,whenhewentintobusinessforhimself3)Comparativelead(對(duì)比／照式),把兩184)Quotationlead(引語(yǔ)式)，引用新聞中主要人物的話(huà)，使人覺(jué)得好象他／她在直接與讀者對(duì)話(huà)。Eg.AsYogiBerthwouldsay:“Itain’tovertillit’sover.”Butyesterdayitwasoveratleastfornow.(ain’t=won’tbe)4)Quotationlead(引語(yǔ)式)，引用新聞中主要19內(nèi)容提要(Newssummary)和簡(jiǎn)明新聞（newsbriefs）１、內(nèi)容提要(Newssummary)：通常放在頭版（frontpage）扼要介紹當(dāng)天最主要的新聞，有的以索引（index）列出各欄目所在頁(yè)碼。２、簡(jiǎn)明新聞（newsbriefs）：一般把當(dāng)天發(fā)生的非主要新聞集中在一起，只交代事情的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、簡(jiǎn)單經(jīng)過(guò)等，也有一個(gè)扼要的標(biāo)題，讓讀者知道有關(guān)消息。內(nèi)容提要(Newssummary)和簡(jiǎn)明新聞（news20I.Theheadline(標(biāo)題)Twotypes：1、主標(biāo)題(headline)，usu.Largerprintingorsometimescolorfulprintingtoattractthereaders’attention2.次標(biāo)題(sub-headline),usu.undertheheadline,toprovidefurtherinformationortoexplaintheheadlineI.Theheadline(標(biāo)題)Twotypes：21headlinethetitleofanewspaperstorythatisprintedinlargeletters:

TheSydneyMorningHeraldcarriedtheheadline:'SorryMa'am,MostAustraliansWantaRepublic'.

theheadlines

1themostimportantstoriesinthenews:

Thefuelcrisiscontinuestodominatetheheadlines.

2make/hit/grabtheheadlinestobecomefamousbybeingreportedinthenewsheadlinethetitleofanewspap22FeaturesoftheheadlineI.Omission(省略)1.Functionwords(虛詞)suchasarticles,prep,conj,auxiliaryv.orpronareoftenomittedintheheadline.“Tobe”isalsooftenomittedEg.1).ItalianEx-mayorMurdered=(An)ItalianEx-mayor(Is)Murdered2)MarriedWomen(Are)toGetCareAllowance3).RailChaosGettingWorse=(The)RailChaos(Is)GettingWorse4)Journalistfiredinspydebate=(AJournalistisfiredinspydebate)5)Irishgroupkillsex-chief=(An)Irishgroupkills(its)ex—chiefFeaturesoftheheadlineI.Omi232.“And”isoftenreplacedby“,”Eg.1).Thailand,MalaysiaInkSeaTreaty=Thailand(and)MalaysiaInk(a)SeaTreaty2)WomanKillsHusband,Herself=(A)WomanKills(Her)Husband(and)Herself3.Linkverb“be”orsomeotherverbslike“say,show/reveal,etc.”arereplacedby“:”or“——”

Eg.1)Chineseacrobats：mastersofstunts(=TheChineseacrobatsaremastersofstunts)2)Mao:WeShouldSupportThirdWorldCountries=Mao(Says)(That)WeShouldSupport(the)ThirdWorldCountries2.“And”isoftenreplacedby24(3)Littleanti-USfeeling—diplomat=(Adiplomatsaysthereislittleanti-USfeeling)(4)EconomyGrowsSlowlyasUnemployment,InflationRise—Economists＝(EconomistsSaythatEconomyGrowsSlowlyasUnemploymentandInflationRise)(3)Littleanti-USfeeling—dip25II.Simplificationofthetense（動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)簡(jiǎn)化）1.“Presenttense”（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）isusedveryoften1).Thingswhichhappenedinthepast(過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情)eg.13dieascrowdedVanCrossesM42)Thingswhicharehappening.Eg.SchoolsAskParentsforMoneytowardBooks3)ThingswhicharegoingtohappenEg.SwedishOilDeliveriesHaltasStrikeSpreads4)ThingswhichhavehappenedEg.EUPlanstoBoostFrance’sRecoveryII.Simplificationofthetens262.“todo”（動(dòng)詞不定式）isusedtostandfor“futuretens”（將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)）Eg.1)PekingtoFireTestRockettoSouthPacific2)AtLeast4toLeaveCabinetasClintonBeginsNewTransition2.“todo”（動(dòng)詞不定式）isusedtos27III.Acronyms(首字母縮略詞)/abbreviations(縮寫(xiě)詞

)

1.Initialnames/acronymsofpropernames(organizations/agencies/disease)andcommonnames(professions/ranks)areoftenusedinheadlines.Eg.1).EU’sFuture:TheVisionandtheSlogEU=EuropeanUnion2)IMFtorecruitnewmembers(IMF=InternationalMonetaryFund)3）RAF'sNewJetMakesDebut(RAF=RoyalAirForce)CIA=CentralIntelligenceAgencyGOP=grandoldparty/RepublicanNATO=northAtlanticTreatyOrganizationAPEC,OPEC,WHO,IOC,MIT,FBI,NASAetc.III.Acronyms(首字母縮略詞)/abbrev28ABM=anti-ballisticmissile反彈道導(dǎo)彈ICBM=IntercontinentalBallisticMissileSALT=strategicarmslimitationtalks限制戰(zhàn)略武器會(huì)談WMD=weaponsofmassdistructionEST=EasternStandardTimeGMT=GreenwichMeanTimePR,UFO,WorldShockedasTopSoccerStarGetsAIDS(AIDS＝acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome)PC,faxsalesexpectedtosoarABM=anti-ballisticmissile反彈道291AussiePMsacks‘gentle’treasurer(AussiePM＝AustralianPrimeMinister)2RallycallsformoreblackMPs(MPs＝membersofparliament)

USRefusesMEtalksdatechangeWASHINGTON-TheUSadministrationonThursdayturneddownArabrequestforsettinganewstartingtimefortheMiddleEastpeacetalks.TheGuardian,Dec.6,19911AussiePMsacks‘gentle’tr302.Abbreviationsarealsooftenusedinheadlinestosavespaceandmakeheadlines1).NoHopefor118CrewofRussianSubSub=submarine2)UniversityEntryHardforWould-beVetsVet=veteran3)NewGroupstoBoostHi-techResearchHi-tech=hightechnology4)0verseasco-optogetboost(co-op--co-operations)5).EECwarnsNukeArmsSpread(Nuke＝Nuclearweapon)6)

ReaganVS．RightwingonBallisticMissileDefence(VS．＝Versus)2.Abbreviationsarealsoofte31IV.Midgetwords(小字)midgetwordsorsingle-syllablewordsareoftenusedinheadlineEg.1)theGemsofWar(gems=jewels寶石)2).TVAirs“Facts”onArmsDeliveryAir=tomakeknown

3)SovietsAssailUSonA-testsAssail=tocriticizestrongly4)GovernortoAxeAid?Axe=dismissfromajob,tocut,takeaway5)UnionsBackPeaceMoveBack=supportIV.Midgetwords(小字)midget326)BusBanonPupilsafterAttackonCrewBan=prohibition7)ClubFacesShutdownforBarringWomenBar=nottoallow,exclude8)ManClaimsGhostsightingClaim=todeclaretobetrue9)BombsClaims40Claim=tokill10)PeaceDriveSucceedsDrive=campaign,efforts11)Women’sGroupsEyeCourtVoteEye=towatchwithinterest12)FuelStrikeHitsHospitalHit=toaffectbadly6)BusBanonPupilsafterAtt3313)7heldforGamblingHold=tokeepinpolicecontrol,detain14)Thailand,MalaysiaInkSeaTreatyInk=tosign15)PostOfficeProfitsTop$40millionTop=toexceed16)ReaganweighsTaxIncreaseWeigh=toconsider13)7heldforGambling34簡(jiǎn)短小詞標(biāo)題除偏愛(ài)使用短小動(dòng)詞外，還常常選用簡(jiǎn)短、字母數(shù)少的名詞或名詞詞組。如accord與agreement，aide與assistant，aim與purpose，rally與amassassembly，drive與campaign，talk與negotiation等。例如：QUAKEDEATHTOLLMAYTOP2000

(＝THEDEATHTOLLINTHEEARTHQUAKEMAYEXCEED2000)

地震死亡人數(shù)估計(jì)已逾兩干NEWGROUPSBOOSTHI—TECHRESEARCH

(＝NEWGROUPSPROMOTEHIGHTECHNOLOGYRESEARCH)

新興集團(tuán)推動(dòng)高新技術(shù)研究BAKER，JAPANVISITOFF，ARMSISSUEHOT

(＝BAKER'sJAPANVISITISOFFANDTHEMILITARYWEAPONSISSUEISHOT)

軍備問(wèn)題爭(zhēng)論激烈貝克取消訪(fǎng)日之行簡(jiǎn)短小詞標(biāo)題除偏愛(ài)使用短小動(dòng)詞外，還常常選用簡(jiǎn)短、字母數(shù)少的35Classificationsoftheheadline（標(biāo)題分類(lèi)）Accordingtotheformandthecontent:1.Summary(摘要式)/statement(陳述式)：themainpointsaresummarized／statedintheheadline,easytounderstandEg.TaiwanRecognizesMainlandCurrency2.Question(設(shè)問(wèn)式):1)SthislikelytohappeninfutureEg.OilpricetoRise?OPECtoRaiseOilOutput?2)doubtsaboutsomethingEg.