上海牛津版英語(yǔ)高二下冊(cè)Unit3U3同步講義教案及閱讀事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

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學(xué)員姓名:年級(jí)：高二輔導(dǎo)科目： 英語(yǔ)課時(shí)數(shù):學(xué)科教師：授課類型T詞匯牛津高二卜U3C閱讀整體理解能力T綜合能力提升授課日期及時(shí)段教學(xué)內(nèi)容gO!igO!i一、詞匯WordsI.KeyWords重點(diǎn)單詞personalityn.個(gè)性；性格e.g.Hispersonalityleftadeepimpressiononus.他的人品給我們留下了深亥U的印象。Thoughtheyhavedifferentpersonalities,theygetalongwellwitheachother.盡管個(gè)性不同，他們卻相處得很好?！局R(shí)拓展】personal adj.個(gè)人的，親自的e.g.Itishispersonalopinion,notthatoftheentiresociety.那是他的個(gè)人意見(jiàn)，而非整個(gè)社團(tuán)的意見(jiàn)。Theymadeapersonalvisittothefamouswriter.他們親自拜訪了那位著名的作家。fascinating adj.迷人的e.g.Hefoundworldtravelfascinating.他發(fā)現(xiàn)周游世界是一件非常美妙的事?！局R(shí)拓展】fascinatev.迷住，強(qiáng)烈吸引 befascinatedby/with??被 迷住e.g.Thechildwasfascinatedwithhisnewtoy.那孩子對(duì)他的新玩具著了迷。emotionaladj.(l)情緒的，情感的g.Winninggaveusemotionalsatisfaction.獲勝給予我們感情上的滿足。(2)易動(dòng)情的；感情脆弱的g.Sheisanemotionalwoman.她是個(gè)易動(dòng)情的婦人?！局R(shí)拓展】emotion n.感情，情感g(shù).Love,hatred,andgriefareemotions.愛(ài)，恨和悲都是情感。energeticadj.精力充沛的；積極的e.g.Heisanenergetictennisplayer.他是個(gè)精力充沛的網(wǎng)球手。Thoughquiteelderly,heisstillenergetic.盡管年紀(jì)很大了，他還是充滿活力?！局R(shí)拓展】energyn.精力，臺(tái)皂量e.g.Theyareworkingwithenergy.他們正在干勁十足地工作。Theydevotedalltheirenergiestothejob.他們把自己的全部精力投入這項(xiàng)工作。Nuclearenergyisquitepowerful.核能是非常強(qiáng)大的?！局更c(diǎn)迷津】power,strength,forcepower權(quán)力；能力；電力；強(qiáng)權(quán)e.g.Helosthispowerofspeech.他失去了說(shuō)話的能力。Theshortageofpowerdimmedthestreets.由于電力不足，街道昏暗。TheworldpowerswillmeetinParisthissummer.今年夏天，世界上的大國(guó)將在巴黎聚會(huì)。strength力氣e.g.Hehasn'tgotenoughstrengthtoremovethatstone.他沒(méi)有足夠的力氣搬走那塊石頭。(3)force力量；暴力；武力；影響力e.g.Therobberusedforcetogetintothehouse.強(qiáng)盜使用暴力強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入住宅。Thewriterwriteswithforce.這位作家的文章很有說(shuō)服力。adventurous adj.有冒險(xiǎn)精神的；大膽開(kāi)拓的e.g.Tomwasveryadventurous,alwayswillingtotrynewthings.湯姆富有冒險(xiǎn)精神，總是愿意嘗試新事物。【知識(shí)拓展】adventuren.冒險(xiǎn)，冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷e.g.Heisamanfullofadventure.他是一個(gè)充滿冒險(xiǎn)精神的人。Theysetoutonadaringspaceadventure.他們著手進(jìn)行——項(xiàng)大膽的太空探險(xiǎn)。firmness n.堅(jiān)定e.g.Ihaveneverdoubtedthefirmnessofhisbeliefinhisownabilities.我從來(lái)不懷疑他對(duì)自身能力的堅(jiān)定信念?！局R(shí)拓展】firm adj.堅(jiān)定的e.g.Heisafirmbelieverintraditionalfamilyvalues.他堅(jiān)信傳統(tǒng)家庭觀。ambitious adj.有雄心的g.Beingquiteambitious,thechefworkeddayandnighttomakehisrestaurantasuccess.那位廚師雄心勃勃，為了使他的餐館一舉成功，他夜以繼日地工作著。【常用搭配】beambitiousfor/ofsth/todo 對(duì)某事有雄心的g.Heisambitiousforsuccess/tosucceed.他彳艮渴望成功?！局R(shí)拓展】ambition n.雄心，抱負(fù)g.Hersonwasfilledwithambitiontobecomeagreatinventor.她兒子——心想成為偉大的發(fā)明家。relaxed adj.放松的；冷靜的g.Lyinginthebedandlisteningtomusic,Tomfeltveryrelaxedandhappy.湯姆躺在床上，聽(tīng)著音樂(lè)，感覺(jué)很輕松愉快?！境Ｓ么钆洹縝erelaxedaboutsth對(duì)某事放心的g.Myparentsarefairlyrelaxedaboutmestayingoutlate.我在夕卜面待至U彳艮晚父母非常放心?！局R(shí)拓展】relax v.放松，緩和g.Sherelaxedhermindbylisteningtomusic.她聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)使大月百得至U休息。relaxation n.放松，休息，消遣g.Theremustbenorelaxationinourhighstandards.我們堅(jiān)持高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，決不容許有任何放松。Fishingishisfavouriterelaxation.他最喜愛(ài)的消遣是釣魚(yú)。familiaradj.熟悉的【常用搭配】sthbefamiliartosb某事對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)很熟悉e.g.Thevoiceonthephonewasfamiliartome,butIcouldnotplacewhoitwas.電話里的聲音很熟， 但我想不起來(lái)是誰(shuí)。Thispopsongisfamiliartomanypeople.許多人對(duì)這首流行歌曲彳艮熟悉。sbbefamiliarwithsth某人熟悉/通曉某事e.g.IamveryfamiliarwiththelifeinQingdao,forIspentmychildhoodthere.我非常熟悉青島的生活，因?yàn)槲以谀莾憾冗^(guò)了童年。rare adj.稀少的，稀罕的e.g.Theseflowersareveryrareinthiscountry.這些花在該國(guó)彳艮少見(jiàn)?！局R(shí)拓展】rarely adv7R少，難得e.g.Irarelyhavetimetoreadanewspaper.我很少有時(shí)間看報(bào)紙。injury n.傷害；損傷；損害g.Heescapedfromtheplanewreckwithoutinjury.他在這次飛機(jī)事故中沒(méi)有受傷。Thedriverwasrushedtoanearbyhospitalwithseriousleginjuries.司機(jī)由于腿部嚴(yán)重受傷被迅速送到附近一家醫(yī)院。【知識(shí)拓展】injure v.損害，傷害g.Hefellandinjuredhisback.他摔倒了，背部受傷了。injuredadj.受傷的g.Hisshoulderwasinjured.他肩部受傷了?！局更c(diǎn)迷津】injury,harm&damage這一組詞均有飭害，損害”的意思。(1)injury主要指人的身心受損。g.Overworkdidhimmuchinjury.超負(fù)荷勞動(dòng)給他造成了很大的損害。(2)harm相對(duì)injury而言，語(yǔ)氣較弱，可用于身體、名譽(yù)、權(quán)力、事業(yè)等損害。g.Badbooksdogreatharmtotheyoungpeopleinvariousways.壞書(shū)給年輕人造成多方面的損害。damage較常用于物質(zhì)上的損害(損壞)。e.g.Anearthquakeoftencausesgreatdamage地震常常造成很大的損害。stimulate v.促進(jìn)；激發(fā)e.g.Thegovernmentwilldoeverythinginitspowertostimulateeconomicgrowth. 政府將竭盡全力去刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。Agoodteacheralwaystriestostimulatehisorherstudents'passionforlearning.一位好教師總是想方設(shè)法激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。Exercisestimulatestheflowofblood.鍛煉促進(jìn)血液循環(huán)?！局R(shí)拓展】stimulationn.刺激，鼓舞e.g.Lazypeopleneedstimulationtomakethemwork.懶人需要激勵(lì)才能使他們工作。thusadv.因而；從而e.g.Shealwaysfinishesherhomeworkontimeeveryday,thussettingasidesometimeforpianopractice.她總是每天按時(shí)完成作業(yè)，這樣能留出時(shí)間練鋼琴。【友情提示】thus可以放在句子的前面，后面或中間，表示與前句的因果關(guān)系。也可以后面加 doing,表示因果關(guān)系。e.g.Hedidn'tworkhard,Thushewasfired.他工作不努力,因此被解雇。Theyhavereducedstaff,thuscuttingcost.他們減少了人手,因止匕肖U減了成本。reliableadj.可靠的；可信賴的e.g.Ifoundthistobeareliablebrandofwashingmachines.我覺(jué)得這是——種牌子可靠的洗衣機(jī)。Iwonderwhetherthisinformationisreliableornot.我想知道這個(gè)信息是否可靠?！局R(shí)拓展】relyv. relyon依靠，指望【常用搭配】relyonsb./sth. (forsth./doing/todo...)依靠/指望某人/某物做…，e.g.Irelyonyouforgoodadvice.我仰仗你的好建議。I'mrelyingonthegaragetofixthecarbytomorrow.我指望明天修理廠能修好我的車(chē)。symbolizev.象征；代表e.g.Thedovesymbolizespeace.鴿子象征和平。Thepoethassymbolizedhisloverwithaflower.那詩(shī)人用花象征他的愛(ài)人?！局R(shí)拓展】symbol n.象征，標(biāo)志；記號(hào)【常用搭配】symbolofsth.是 的象征e.g.Thewhitebirdisasymboloffreedom.這白色的鳥(niǎo)是自由的象征。Theprivatejetisasymbolofwealth.私人飛機(jī)是富有的標(biāo)志。symbolic adj.象征的，象征性的；作為象征的【常用搭配】besymbolicofsth象征 的e.g.ThecrossissymbolicofChristianity.十字架是基督教的象征。n.KeyExpressions重點(diǎn)詞組.remind…of使 想起(類似的人、地方、事物等)e.g.Thoseoldphotosremindmeofmyhappychildhood.那些老照片使我想起了快樂(lè)的童年時(shí)光。Thechildrenplayingintheparkremindedtheoldmanofhishappychildhood.在公園里玩耍的孩子們讓老人想起了他快樂(lè)的童年。peaceandquiet安寧；寧?kù)oe.g.Afterworkingalldayinthatnoisyshop,alllwantispeaceandquiet.在那吵鬧的商店工作了一整天以后，我所需要的只是寧?kù)o。Thewritermovedtothecountrytofindsomepeaceandquiet.那位作家搬至U了鄉(xiāng)村以求安寧。associate…with…聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系；交往e.g.BeerisusuallyassociatedwithGermany,andwhiskyisusuallyassociatedwithScotland.啤酒常使人想起德國(guó)，而威士忌通常使人聯(lián)想到蘇格蘭。ManypeopleassociateYaoMingwiththeNBA.許多人把姚明和NBA聯(lián)系在一起。TheChineseoftenassociateredwithhappiness.中國(guó)人經(jīng)常把紅色和喜慶聯(lián)系起來(lái)。Hisparentsobjecttohisintimateassociationwiththatgirl.他的父母反對(duì)他與那個(gè)女孩的親密交往。thinkof …Os.?.?.：..看作近義詞組：regard-as;consider???as;view???as;treat-as;lookon-ase.g.BajinisthoughtofasoneofthegreatestwritersinthehistoryoftheChineseliterature.巴金被看作中國(guó)文學(xué)史上最偉大的作家之一。NearlyeveryonethinksofMrSmithassomeonetobetrusted.幾乎所有人都認(rèn)為史密斯先生是個(gè)值得信賴的人。出.KeySentences重難點(diǎn)句子Thosewhopreferbluearecalmandincontrol,andpreferapeacefullife.prefer之后既可接動(dòng)詞不定式，又可接動(dòng)名詞，常用于以下三種結(jié)構(gòu)：①prefer+不定式/動(dòng)名詞②prefer+動(dòng)名詞+to+動(dòng)名詞③prefer+不定式+ratherthan+不定式(無(wú)t0)e.g.Don'ttellmehissecret.Iprefernottoknow.別把他的秘密告訴我，我寧愿不知道。WhenItravel,1preferdrivingtotakingaplane.我旅行時(shí)，寧愿自己開(kāi)車(chē)而不愿乘飛機(jī)。IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV.比起看電視，我還是喜歡看書(shū)。(2)incontrol在控制之中=undercontrol,beingcontrolledorgovernede.g.Youshouldlearntokeepyourtemperincontrol.你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)控制自己的脾氣?！局R(shí)拓展】outofcontrol失去控制g.Theplanegotoutofcontrolandcrashedintothesea.飛機(jī)失控，墜人大海。(2)havecontrolofsth控制g.Theyhavegoodcontrolofhim.他們能夠很好地控制他。(3)losecontrolofsth.失去控制g.Youshouldn'thave10stcontrolofyourtemperonsuchanoccasion.你不應(yīng)該在這種場(chǎng)合發(fā)脾氣。Greenmeansfirmness,adislikeofchangeandafearoffailure.本句中的dislike是名詞。e.g.Shetookanimmediatedisliketohim.她一見(jiàn)面就不喜歡他。【知識(shí)拓展】作動(dòng)詞時(shí)， dislike后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接不定式。e.g.Idislikeselfishpeople.我不喜歡自私的人。Hedislikesworkingintheearlymorning.他討厭一清早就工作。Eachcolouraffectsusinadifferentway.(l)affectv.影響g.Thechangeinclimatemayaffectyourhealth.氣候的變化可能影響你的健康。Weweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.她去世的噩耗使我們深為傷感?！局更c(diǎn)迷津】affect&effect①affect一般作動(dòng)詞用，意為影響，感動(dòng)”。g.Theentirecountrywasaffectedbydrought.整個(gè)國(guó)家都受到旱災(zāi)的影響。Theplayaffectedustotears.這部戲使我們感動(dòng)得落淚。②effect常用作名詞，有影響，效果，作用”之意。g.Thedecorationsmadequiteaneffect.這些裝飾產(chǎn)生了相當(dāng)好的效果。Ourargumentshadnoeffectonthem.我們的爭(zhēng)論對(duì)他們沒(méi)有影響?！居亚樘崾尽縠ffect的常見(jiàn)詞組搭配有comeintoeffect(實(shí)行，實(shí)施)，takeeffect(生效，奏效)等。(2)way n.萬(wàn)面g.Thetwobrothersarealikeinmanyways.這兩兄弟在許多方面都相似?！境Ｓ么钆洹縜lltheway一直；從頭到尾 innoway決不 inaway在某種程度上；從某一點(diǎn)上Peoplespulseratesdecreaseandtheyfeelmorerelaxedwhentheysee …【指點(diǎn)迷津】 decrease&reducedecrease可以作名詞、及物和不及物動(dòng)詞，意指 在數(shù)量、大小、體積等方面逐漸變小”；e.g.Aristotle'sinfluence,allpowerfulintheMiddleAges,greatlydecreasedwiththebeginningoftheRenaissance.亞里士多德的影響在中世紀(jì)是極為巨大的，隨著文藝復(fù)興的開(kāi)始而大為減弱了。Decreasethedoseofmedicineasyoufeelbetter.當(dāng)你覺(jué)得病情好轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，請(qǐng)逐漸減少藥劑量。Theyear2008sawadecreaseinourbudgetdeficit.2008年我們的預(yù)算赤字減少了。reduce可以作及物動(dòng)詞，意指使……減少，減低，降低e.g.Shesetherselfthetaskofreducingtheamountofwastetoaminimum.她給自己規(guī)定的任務(wù)是把浪費(fèi)降低到最小程度。Itisonlynaturalthatredshouldmakepeopletense.(l)Itisnaturalthat...意為“ 是很正常的?！薄局R(shí)拓展】這個(gè)句型要注意從句用 shoulddo,這是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的一種用法。某些形容語(yǔ)在Itis...that...的句型里需要虛擬， 例如：important,essential,strange,impossible,surprising,regrettable,advisable,desirable,incredible等，should通?？梢允÷?。e.g.ItisimportantthatI(should)speakwithMr.Johnimmediately.我要立刻和約翰先生講話，這很重要。(2)tense adj.緊張的；引起緊張的e.g.Thesituationsuddenlybecametense.局部突然變得緊張起來(lái)。Thedefendantwasextremelytense.被告極為緊張。6.Notonlydoesitstimulatetheappetite,butisalsomakespeoplefeelenergetic,sothataftertheyhaveeatentheywillleavemorequickly,thusmakingspaceformorecustomers.(l)notonly放在句首時(shí)需要用部分倒裝，但 but(also)后面還是用陳述句語(yǔ)序。需注意的是， also屬于引起注意的副詞，通常放在需引起注意的部分之前。e.g.Notonlydidtheparentsenjoytheholidaybutalsotheirchildrenhadagoodtime.不僅父母喜歡這次度假，而且他們的孩子也玩得很開(kāi)心。(2)sothat引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中一般含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can/could、may/might、will/would、should等。e.g.Shedecidedtodoapart-timejobinthesummervacationsothatshecouldearnsomemoneytoaffordherdailyexpensesinthenextterm.她決定在暑假做兼職，這樣就能賺些錢(qián)來(lái)支付下學(xué)期的生活費(fèi)。(3)makespacefor意為為 騰出空間“。makespacefor=makeroomfore.g.Theyoungladymovedasideinordertomakespaceforthefatman.為了騰出空間給那位肥胖的男子坐，年輕女士往旁邊移了一下。Thesepersuadepeopletothinkofthebankasasafeandreliableplace.persuadesbtodosth＜為說(shuō)服某人做某事”e.g.It'sawasteoftimepersuadinghimtogiveupsmoking,forhealwaysturnsadeafeartoothers'advice.說(shuō)服他戒煙是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，因?yàn)樗偸菍?duì)別人的建議置若罔聞。Yellowmakesusthinkofsunshineandholidays,…此句為make+賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)?！局R(shí)拓展】)“make/le賓語(yǔ)”之后的不定式不可有t0。但make用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，后面不定式里的 to不可省略。g.Moneymakesthemarego.有錢(qián)能使鬼推磨。Weweremadetoworkallnight.我們被要求整夜工作。(2)助動(dòng)詞will,would,can,could,shall,should,may,might,must,do,does,did之后所接的不定式不可有to。g.Weshouldbekindtoothers.我們應(yīng)該善待他人。(3)在hadbetter,wouldrather等結(jié)構(gòu)之后的不定式不用to。g.Iwouldrathernotdrinkanything.我寧愿什么都不喝。Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youhadbettereatlessbread如果你想減輕體重，最好少吃些面包。Colourisapowerfultool.【指點(diǎn)迷津】tool&instrumenttool通常指人們?cè)谑止趧?dòng)中使用的工具(以節(jié)省時(shí)間與勞力為目的) ，也可指任何為職業(yè)或工作所需的工具或手段。e.g.Hammers,saws,axes,etc.arealltools.錘、鋸、斧等者B是工具。Booksareascholar '.書(shū)籍ol^者的工具。instrument指使用于科研或藝術(shù)活動(dòng)中的器具，e.g.surgicalinstruments夕卜科器具 musicalinstruments樂(lè)器 opticalinstruments光學(xué)儀器MorereadingKeyWords重點(diǎn)單詞wrapv.包裝【常用搭配】wrapsth(up)aroundsth.把 纏繞，包在 外面wrapsth.(up)insth.把 包在…..里卜e.g.Shewrappedascarfaroundherneck.她把一條圍巾圍在脖子上。IwrappedthebookinbrownpaperbeforeImailedit.我先把書(shū)用牛皮紙包好，然后郵寄。circumstancesn.[pl.](復(fù)數(shù))環(huán)境；狀況【常用搭配】in/under...circumstances在 情況下e.g.InnormalcircumstancesIwouldhaveresignedimmediately.在正常情況下，我本會(huì)馬上辭職的。TheyhavebeenlivinginreducedcircumstancessinceJohnlosthisjob.約翰失業(yè)后，他們一直生活拮據(jù)。Undernocircumstancesshouldpassengersleavetheundergroundplatformandgetonthetracks.在任何情況下乘客都不能離開(kāi)地鐵站臺(tái)跳到鐵軌上去。offendn.冒犯；得罪e.g.Iwillnotfeeloffendedifyoudonotagreewithme.即使你不同意，我也不會(huì)介意的。【知識(shí)拓展】offense/offencen.冒犯，得罪e.g.Shemeantnooffensebytheremark.她說(shuō)刃B句話并無(wú)惡意。embarrass v.使窘迫g.Notbeingabletoanswerthequestioncorrectly,thegirlfeltveryembarrassed.由于不能夠正確回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，女孩感覺(jué)很尷尬?！境Ｓ么钆洹縝eembarrassedby/with...被 弄得窘迫g.Arthurseemedembarrassedbythequestion.亞瑟彳以乎被這個(gè)問(wèn)題弄得有些窘迫。【知識(shí)拓展】embarrassment n.窘迫，難堪g.Myfaceturnedredwithembarrassment.我窘得臉者B紅了。 誓prosperity n.繁榮e.g.Wewishyouhealth,happiness,andprosperity.我們祝愿你健康、幸福、事業(yè)興旺。Thecountry'scurrentprosperityisduetothepolicyofreformandopeningup.國(guó)家現(xiàn)在的繁榮昌盛是改革開(kāi)放的結(jié)果?！局R(shí)拓展】prosperousadj.繁榮的e.g.Shanghaiisaprosperouscity.上海是一個(gè)繁榮的城市。funeraln.葬禮e.g.Whenishisfuneral?他的葬禮何時(shí)舉行？Thefuneralwasheldatthefootofthemountain.葬禮在山腳下舉行。mourning n.哀悼e.g.EveryonewasinmourningforthepeoplewhodiedintheWenchuanEarthquake.每個(gè)人都在為汶川地震中的遇難者哀悼?！局R(shí)拓展】mourn v.哀悼e.g.Thetribesmenaremourningthedeathoftheirchief.那部落里的人正在哀悼他們首領(lǐng)的去世。bride n.新娘；即將（或剛剛）結(jié)婚的女子e.g.Thebridelookedherbestinherwhiteweddingdress.那位新娘穿上白色的婚紗看上去最美了。virtuen.[formal]高尚的道德；德行e.g.Kindness,honestyandcouragearehisvirtues.善良、誠(chéng)實(shí)和勇敢是他的美德。Heisamanofgreatvirtue.他是一個(gè)品德高尚的人。【知識(shí)拓展】virtuous adj.有道德的；善良的purityn.純潔；純凈g.Weadmireditspurityofform.我們崇拜它純正的形式。Thoughhisactionshadabadeffect,noonedoubtedthepurityofhismotives.盡管他的行為造成了負(fù)面影響，卻沒(méi)有人懷疑他的動(dòng)機(jī)是好的?！局R(shí)拓展】pure adj.純潔的，純凈的g.purewater/gold/cotton 純凈水/純金/純棉Theairbytheseaispureandhealthy.海邊的空氣清新又有益健康。purifyv.凈化g.Plantshelptopurifytheair.植物能凈化空氣。smart adj.光鮮的；漂亮的e.g.Theyoungladylookedverysmartinthatredjacket.那位年輕女士穿著紅色夾克衫，看上去非常漂亮?！局R(shí)拓展】smart adj.聰明的e.g.Whatasmartboy!多么聰明的男孩呀！unpack n.打開(kāi)（箱、包等）取e.g.Sheunpackedhersuitcaseassoonasshearrivedhometfe——至U家就打開(kāi)行李箱，取出里面的東西。Whenarrivingatthehotel,thefirstthingshedidwastounpackhersilkdresses.她到達(dá)賓館后的第一件事就是打開(kāi)箱包取出那幾件真絲連衣裙。n.KeyExpressions重點(diǎn)詞組dependon取決于【常用搭配】dependonsb./sth(forsth/doing/todo...)依靠/取決于某人/某物(做某事)e.g.Thecountrydependsheavilyonforeignaid.這個(gè)國(guó)家非常依賴外國(guó)資助。Italldependsontheweatherwhetherwewillgototheparktomorrow.我們明天能否去公園玩完全取決于天氣。Hedependsontheparentstomakedecisionforhim.他指望他父母幫他做決定?！局R(shí)拓展】bedependentonadj.依靠，取決于e.g.It'sveryeasytobecomedependentonsleepingpills.彳艮容易就會(huì)對(duì)安眠藥產(chǎn)生依賴。makeadifference有影響e.g.Itwon'tmakeadifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.無(wú)論你今天去或是明天去沒(méi)有多大區(qū)另1J。Howlongyouhavespentinaplacecanmakeabigdifferenceinyourunderstandingofit.在一個(gè)地方呆了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間對(duì)你對(duì)它的了解影響很大。stickto堅(jiān)持做(某事)【常用搭配】sticktosth/doingsth 堅(jiān)持某事/做某事e.g.Whateverdifficultieshefaced,hestucktohisbeliefs.不管遇到什么困難，他還是堅(jiān)守信念。Heisamanwhostickstohisfriends.他是個(gè)忠于朋友的人。Hestickstogoinghomealone.他堅(jiān)持要獨(dú)自回家。mistake...for把 錯(cuò)當(dāng)成e.g.ThetwosisterslookedsoalikethatIoftenmistookonefortheother.那姐妹倆長(zhǎng)得太像了，以至于我經(jīng)常把她倆混淆。Ihopeyouwon'tmistakemykindnessforhostility.我希望你不會(huì)把我的好心當(dāng)成惡意。出.KeySentences重難點(diǎn)句子Sinceitisthecolourofwinter,thetimewhenplantsshedtheirleavesanddie,itisconsideredtobeacolourofdeathandmourninginsomecountries.(1)since意為既然；由于"，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。e.g.Sinceyoucan'tanswerthequestion,wehavetoasksomeoneelse.既然你無(wú)法回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們只能再問(wèn)別人。Sincethereisnopointincomplainingabouteachother,let'sstartalloveragain.既然相互抱怨毫無(wú)意義，我們就重新開(kāi)始吧。(2)beconsidered(tobe)被認(rèn)為是 e.g.Heisconsideredagoodleader他被認(rèn)為是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。【知識(shí)拓展】含有consider的其他常用搭配：considerdoing考慮做某事 considerthat認(rèn):為 e.g.Heisconsideringgoingabroadforfurtherstudy.他正考慮出國(guó)留學(xué)。Translation.人們常把龍同中華民族聯(lián)系在一起。 (beassociatedwith).經(jīng)理的表?yè)P(yáng)總是激勵(lì)他更加努力工作。 (stimulate)

.他不僅自己寫(xiě)戲劇，還在其中扮演角色。 (notonly…butalso...).我們都知道，林肯是最偉大的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)之一。 (regardas).那么多考試終于結(jié)束了，我覺(jué)得突然輕松了。 (feelrelaxed)Keys:.ThedragonisalwaysassociatedwiththeChinesepeople..Themanager'spraisealwaysstimulateshimtoworkharder..Henotonlywriteshisownplaysbutalsoactsinthem..Asweallknow,LincolnisregardedasoneofthegreatestpresidentsofAmerica.40.Somanyexaminationsfinallyended,andIsuddenlyfeltrelaxed.A貼門(mén)JMart觸A貼門(mén)JMart觸3dll加碼.心獷抻說(shuō)攀藕麻IJ閱讀理解技巧突破之一一事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題概述所謂細(xì)節(jié)題，是指原文提到了某事物、 現(xiàn)象或理論，題干針對(duì)原文具體敘述本身發(fā)問(wèn)。 一般包括直接理解題(在原文中可直接找到答案。 常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提問(wèn)或用與此相類似的詞填空。 說(shuō)明文和敘述文的思考題有相當(dāng)于部分是此類題)及語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題(需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在表達(dá)上的差異，有時(shí)需要進(jìn)行加工或整理后方能得出結(jié)論。 )抓住文段中的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其它類型問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)。這類題型的題干常為：When/Wheredidthestoryhappen?Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)correct?Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)mentionedinthepassage?Whichistherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?Allthestatementsaretrueexcept.該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其變體。所以，搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要，它包括理解作者在敘述某事時(shí)使用的具體事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開(kāi)的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問(wèn)題快速閱讀短文，找出與問(wèn)題有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，找出答案。弄清細(xì)節(jié)、準(zhǔn)確獲取信息，也是把握文章中心思想的前提。細(xì)節(jié)專題一：排序題此類試題的考查形式是在選項(xiàng)中列舉一些具體的事實(shí)，然后對(duì)上面的事實(shí)進(jìn)行排序。要求考生根據(jù)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序、時(shí)間順序以及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展的正確順序?？忌梢韵日页鲎钤绲囊粋€(gè)時(shí)間和事件，把它作為事件發(fā)生的具體點(diǎn)，然后使用排除法將范圍一一縮小，從而快速地選出正確答案。例1：Inthe19thcenturyEnglandpeoplelikedtogototheseaside.Inthosedays,ladiesworelongbathingdresses,andmenworebathingsuits.Womendidnotwalkaboutonthebeach（沙灘）intheirbathingdresses.Theyhiredabathingmachine.Abathingmachinewasusedforchangingin,andfortakingthebatherdowntothesea.Itcost2pence（便士）tohireamachineandanattendant（侍者）.Whenshehadpaid,thebatherclimbedupthebackstepsandgotintothebathingmachine.Thenshechangedintoherbathingdress.Whenshehadchanged,themachinewaspulleddowntothesea.Thebathingmachinestoppedinthewaterandthebatherwentdownthefrontstepsintothewater.Ifshedidnotwanttogetintothesea,theattendantpulledherin.（1996NMET）①I(mǎi)n19thcenturypeoplewhousedthebathingmachineusuallydidthefollowingthings.Whichistherightorderfordoingthem?a.Changingintobathingclothesb.Gettingoutofthebathingmachinec.Paying2pence d.Gettingintothebathingmachinee.Beingtakendownthebeachf.GettingintothewaterA.e,d,a,b,f,cB.c,d,a,e,b,fC.c,d,e,a,b,fD.d,a,e,b,f,c細(xì)節(jié)專題二：計(jì)算題計(jì)算題也是近幾年高考中?？嫉膬?nèi)容，此類試題是在文章中直接表現(xiàn)出來(lái)細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)，有的要經(jīng)過(guò)具體的計(jì)算才能夠得出正確的答案。具體的計(jì)算題可以是對(duì)年代的計(jì)算、月份的計(jì)算或比例的計(jì)算等。文章中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)許多數(shù)字，它們對(duì)解題產(chǎn)生一定的影響。解答此類試題的方法是先來(lái)理解文章的大意，然后經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)比、分析、計(jì)算等就能夠得出正確的答案了。例2：DegreeWeofferawidechoiceofbachelor '堂位egfioreisiternationalstudents,whichincludes:Arts,CommunicationStudies,SocialSciences,etc.BachelorofMusicandBachelorofEducationareonlyforNewZealandcitizens,forfurtherinformation:deg@waikato.ac.nz.TuitionFees（學(xué)費(fèi)）Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment,generallyfrom$5,000to$6,000ayear.Forfurtherinformation:tui@waikato.ac.nz.Accommodation（住宿）Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomflat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:acc@waikato.ac.nzHealthTheStudentHealthServiceprovidesexcellentmedicalservicesforstudents.TheMedicalCentreisopenfivedaysaweek,includingstudentholidayswithfourdoctor'sandnursestomeetyourmedicalneeds.Forfurtherinformation:heal@waikato.ac.nz.SportsTheCentreisagreatplacetohavesportsactivities.Trainedexerciseteacherscanhelpyouworkoutatrainingplanandkeepyouactive.Thesportshallhasvolleyball,basketballandindoorfootballcourtsandaswimmingpoolaswell.TherearealsoalargenumberofsportsclubsatWaikato.Forfurtherinformation:sport@waikato.ac.nz（2005安徽卷）②YouhavetopayatleastayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250 B.$8,000 C.$9,000 D.$11,000細(xì)節(jié)專題三：圖形題在有圖形試題的閱讀理解中，有的圖形出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解文章中，有的出現(xiàn)在選項(xiàng)中，這些圖片的出現(xiàn)增加了試題的直觀性，同時(shí)也暗含著和文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息。在解答此類試題的時(shí)候，一定要把握?qǐng)D形中所暗含的信息，特別是有些事實(shí)是通過(guò)圖片來(lái)敘述的，我們可以采用按圖尋找正確答案的方法。例3:TheChannelIslandsareagroupofBritish-ownedislandslyingintheEnglishChannel（海峽）,10to30milesofftheFrenchcoast,and70to90milesfromtheEnglishcoast.Therearetenislandswithatotallandareaof75squaremilesandatotalpopulationof123,000.Thethreelargestislands,Jersey,Guernsey,andAlderney,havelongbeenknownforthefinebreeds（品種）ofcattlethatareraisedonthemandnamedafterthem.InearliestknownhistorytheislandswereconsideredpartofNormandy,whichwaspartofFrance,buttherulerofNormandybecamekingofEnglandin1066,andfromthenontheislandswerelookeduponasBritishland.EnglishcontrolwasunbrokenuntilWorldWarII,whentheGermansheldtheislandsforfiveyears.AlthoughpeopleontheislandsspeakbothlanguagesandtheyareconsideredEnglish,theircustomsaremoreFrenchthanEnglish.（2000年北京春季）③WhichofthefollowingmapsgivestherightpositionoftheChannelIslands?Br=Britain Fr=France Ch=ChannelIslands細(xì)節(jié)專題四：其它類型例4：TristandaCunha,a38-square-mileisland,isthefarthestinhabitedislandintheworld,accordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecords.Itis1,510milessouthwestofitsnearestneighbor,St.Helena,and1,950mileswestofAfrica.DiscoveredbythePortugueseadmiral（葡萄牙海軍上將） ofthesamenamein1506,andsettledin1810,theislandbelongstoGreatBritainandhasapopulationofafewhundred.Cominginaclosesecond、andoftenwronglymentionedasthemostdistantland—isEasterIsland,whichlies1,260mileseastofitsnearestneighbor,PitcairnIsland,and2,300mileswestofSouthAmerica.Themountainous64-square-mileislandwassettledaroundthe5thcentury,supposedlybypeoplewhowerelostatsea.Theyhadnoconnectionwiththeoutsideworldformorethanathousandyears,givingthemplentyoftimetobuildmorethan1,000hugestonefigures,calledmoai,forwhichtheislandismostfamous.OnEasterSunday,1772,however,settlersfromHollandmovedinandgavetheislanditsname.Today,2,000peopleliveontheChileanterritory（智利領(lǐng)土）.Theyshareonstreet,asmallairport,andafewhoursoftelevisionperday.（2003年全國(guó)）ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheislandofTristandaCunha.A.wasnamedafteritsdiscoverer B.gotitsnamefromHollandsettlersC.wasnamedbytheBritishgovernmentD.gotitsnamefromtheGuinnessBookofRecordsWhichofthefollowingismostfamousformoai?A.TristandaCunha.B.PitcairnIsland..C.EasterIsland.D.St.Helena.WhichcountrydoesEasterIslandbelongto?A.Britain.B.Holland.C.Portugal.D.Chile.例5:Whenshelookedahead.FlorenceChadwicksawnothingbutasolidwalloffog.Herbodywasnumb.Shehadbeenswimmingfornearlysixteenhours.AlreadyshewasthefirstwomantoswimtheEnglishChannelinbothdirections.Nowattheageof34,hergoalwastobecomethefirstwomantoswimfromCatalinatotheCaliforniacoast.OnthatfourthofJulymorning1952,theseawaslikeanicebathandthefogwassodense.Shecouldhardlyseehersupportboats.Sharkscruisedtowardherfigure,onlytobedrivenawaybyrifleshots.Againstthefrigidgripofthesea,shestruggledon,hourafterhour,whilemillionswatchedonnationaltelevision.AlongsideFlorenceinoneoftheboats,hermotherandheretrainerofferedencouragement.Theytoldheritwasnmuchfarther.Butallshecouldseewasfog.Theyurgedhernottoquit.Sheneverhad …untilthen.Witgo,sheaskedtobepulledout.⑦Whatdoes“sheneverhad…"inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Shehadneverbeensodesperate. B.Shehadneverthoughtofgivingitup.C.Shehadneverseensuchthickfog. D.Shehadneverswumacrossthestraitbefore.例6:Decision-thinkingisnotunlikepokeritoftenmattersnotonlywhatyouthink,butalsowhatothersthinkyouthinkandwhatyouthinktheythinkyouthink.Thementalprocess(過(guò)程)issimilar.Naturally,thiscardgamehasoftenbeenofconsiderableinteresttopeoplewhoare,byanystandards,goodthinkers.ThegreatmathematicianJohnvonNeumannwasoneofthefoundersofgametheory.Inparticular,heshowedthatallgamesfallintotwoclasses;therearewhathecalledgamesof 'pefechinformherentheplayersgamescan'thideanythingorplaytricks;theydon'twinbychance,butbymeansoflogicandskills.Thentherearegamesof(imperfectinformation',likepoker,inwhichitisimpossibletoknowinadvancethatonecourseofonctsbetterthananother.Onemistakenideaaboutbusinessisthatitcanbetreatedasagameofperfectinformation.Quitethereverse,business,politics,lifeitselfaregameswhichwemustnormallyplaywithveryimperfectinformation.Businessdecisionsareoftenmadewithmanyunknownandunknowablefactors(因素),whichwouldeverpuzzlebestpokerplayers.Butfewbusinesspeoplefinditcomfortabletoadmitthattheyaretakingachance,andmanystillprefertobelievethattheyareplayingchess,notpoker.⑧Animportantfactorinagameofimperfectinformationis.A.rulesB.luck C.time D.ideasStep3:說(shuō)明文和記敘文的細(xì)節(jié)題：課后作業(yè)徐匯二模(A)Asyougetolder,iffeelsliketimetendstomovefaster.AsDanArielyexplainsoveratTheWallStreetJournal,wetendtofallintofamiliarroutines(25)weageandthatmakestimemovequickly.Wepercievetimeassomethinglikeastackofmemories,sothelessnewexperiencesyouhave,the(26)(likely)youaretofillinthosememorieswithinterestingthings.Timedoesgoby(or,moreacccurately,iffeelsasiftimeisgoingby)morequickly,theolderweget.Inthefirstfewyearsofourlives,anythingwesenseordoisbrandnew,andmanyofourexperiencesareunique,sotheyremainfirmlyinourmemories.Butas(27)yearsgoby,weencounterfewerandfewernewexperiences—bothbecausewe(28)(accomplish)a10tandbecauseweareslavestoourdailyroutines.

Forexample,trytoremember(29)happenedtoyoueverydaylastweek,chancesarethatnothingextraordinaryhappened,soyouwillbehard-pressedtorecallthespecificthingsyoudidonMonday,Tuesday,etc.Whatcanwedoaboutthis?Maybeweneedsomenewappthatwillencourageustotryoutnewexperiences,pointoutthingswe'veneverdone,recommenddisheswe'venevertastedandsuggestplaceswe 'veneverapp(30)makeourlivesmorevaried,encourageustotrynewthings,slowdownthepassageoftimeandincreaseourhappiness.(31)suchanapparrives,trytodoatleastonenewthingeveryweek.It 'snottoodifficulnewthings.(B)Thisafternoon,IspokewithGovernorDanielMalloyandFBIDirectorMueller.IofferedGovernorMalloymycondolences(哀悼)onbehalfofthenation,andmadeitclearhewillhaveeverysingleresourcethatheneeds(33)(investigate)thishorriblecrime,careforthevictimsandtheirfamilies.(34)(endure)toomanyofthesetragediesinthepastfewyears,eachtimeIlearnthenewsIreactnotasaPresident,butasanybodyelsewouldasaparent.Andthatwasespeciallytruetoday.Iknowthere 'Americawhodoesn'tfeelthesameoverwhelminggriefthatIdo.Themajorityofthose(35)diedtodaywerechildren—beautifullittlekidsbetweentheagesof5and10yearsold.Theyhadtheirentirelivesaheadofthem—birthdays,graduations,weddings,kidsoftheirown.Amongthe(36)(fall)werealsoteachers—menandwomenwhodevotedtheirlivesto(37)(h