2020廣東省中考-英語(yǔ)短文填空解題方法和技巧講解 (附練習(xí)試題)

2020中考沖刺英語(yǔ)短文填空解題方法和技巧講解（廣東版）本次課堂主要內(nèi)容（：一）考點(diǎn)分析（二）真題講解與解題套路總結(jié)（三）模擬沖刺（一）考點(diǎn)分析（廣東版）年份考點(diǎn)、、'\2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年名詞interestfeetlibrary;kindchangess;firstanimals;life代詞usboth;ourtheywho;himselfhis動(dòng)詞took;happenedshow;follow;spendsitscheered;weretale動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)worryaboutlookafter;tryone'bestpickup;fincbut;takeovergiveup;cheeruplookbackpulldown形容詞tired/easywidefavorite副詞laterenoughonlinesuchago介詞（短語(yǔ)）withafterwithoutinof;iorderto連詞ifasifhoweveralthough;and冠詞aatheaa二）2019年真題講解（廣東卷）Lastwinterholida,yIvisiteadvillagweithonly11houses.___1___thevillagweasverysmall,Ispentawholedayinit.Thevillagebecamepopularbecause___2___GrandpaHuang'shardwork.Heboughtahousethereover30years___3___,butin2010thevillagewastobepulleddown.InordertosavetheoldvillageGrandpaHuangpaintedonthewallsof___4___ownhouseandotherhouses.HepaintedthingsthathelikedI.nthevillaget,hereweremanypaintingosf___5___,suchascatsandbirdsT.hemostpopularpaintingfsorvisitorswereoffamouspeople.OneofthemwasapicturoefAndy.Heismy___6___singe.rIlikedhimsomuchthatIaskedavisitotro___7___aphotoofthatpaintingandme.OnthegroundofthevillageG,randpaHuanghaspainted___8___lotofwell-knownChinesesayingsF.romthem,GrandpaHuanglearnedtolivealongandhappy___9___.Ireallhyadagoodtimeinthevillag_e10wishedtovisiittagain...9.10.【文章大意:】去年寒假，“我”參觀了一個(gè)只1有1棟房子的村莊。由于黃爺爺?shù)男燎趧趧?dòng)，這個(gè)村子變得很受歡迎。雖然村子很小，但“我”在里面開(kāi)心地待了一整天。【答案與解析:】Although/Thoug考查連詞及讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)前句“這個(gè)村子很小”，和后句“我在里面度過(guò)了一天的時(shí)光”存在讓步關(guān)系，可知此處要填引導(dǎo)讓步關(guān)系的although?though故答案為Although/Though（解題關(guān)鍵：連詞讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。判斷前后句的關(guān)系，需要學(xué)生把前半句的rysmall和后半句的awholeday進(jìn)行比較，從而得出前后句的關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。2.of考查介詞短語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)becausof意為“因?yàn)椋捎凇?，后接名語(yǔ)）、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等。GrandpHuangfhardwork，是名詞短語(yǔ)。再根據(jù)句意“由于黃爺爺?shù)男燎趧趧?dòng)，這個(gè)村子變得很受歡迎?？芍颂幰罱樵~，故答案為of。解題關(guān)鍵：介詞詞組GrandpHuangfhadwork是一個(gè)名詞詞組，becaus+從句，becauseof+短語(yǔ)或名詞）ago考查副詞。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知句意為：在30多年前，黃爺爺在那里買(mǎi)了一所房子°ago意為“以前，以往”，與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。故答案為c。解題關(guān)鍵：副詞。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。可知“30年前黃爺爺買(mǎi)了一個(gè)房子”）his考查形容詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)空格后的“ownhouseandotherhouse”可推知，此處指黃爺爺他自己的房子，故答案為hisg（解題關(guān)鍵：代詞-形容詞性物主代詞。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，自己的房子?？芍屈S爺爺他自己的房子）animals考查名詞根據(jù)空格后的“suchascatsandbird”可知，此處指很多動(dòng)物的畫(huà)。故答案為animals（解題關(guān)鍵：名詞。名詞+of名詞……的..…，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，有許多動(dòng)物的畫(huà)。favorite考查形容詞。木根據(jù)下一句Tlikedhimsomuchthat!asledavisitorto…aphotcofthatpaintingndme”可推知Andy是“我”最喜歡的歌手。故答案為favorite（解題關(guān)鍵：形容詞。形容詞修飾名詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，我最喜歡他）tale考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)taleaphot?…意為“給……拍照片”。再根據(jù)句意“給我和那幅畫(huà)拍一張照片”可知，要用固定短語(yǔ)，故答案為e。解題關(guān)鍵：動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞不定式表目的且是個(gè)固定搭配Oleaphotoof...）a考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意“在村里的地上，黃爺爺畫(huà)了許多著名的中國(guó)諺語(yǔ)”可知，固定短語(yǔ)lotof意為“許多、很多”，故答案為（解題關(guān)鍵：冠詞。固定搭Oalotof許多）life考查名詞。根據(jù)上一句可推知，黃爺爺從這些中國(guó)諺語(yǔ)中學(xué)習(xí)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)壽且幸福的生活ealongandhappyife意為“過(guò)著長(zhǎng)壽且幸福的生活”。故答案jfe。（解題關(guān)鍵：名詞。形容詞修飾名詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，黃爺爺從那些諺語(yǔ)中學(xué)會(huì)過(guò)長(zhǎng)壽和幸福的生活）and考查并列連詞。根據(jù)前句“我在村里玩得很開(kāi)心”，和后句“希望能再去一次”存在并列關(guān)系可知，要填并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。故答案為and（解題關(guān)鍵：連詞-并列連詞。連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作，我在村莊里真的玩得很開(kāi)心，同時(shí)希望可以再次來(lái)參觀）★短文填空通用解題套路：短文填空題型綜合能力較強(qiáng)，解題時(shí)需要學(xué)生掌握必要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和閱讀技巧，善于分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，熟悉名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)、主謂一致、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用等。解題方法和技巧主要有以下幾點(diǎn)：（一）、跳過(guò)空格，了解大意跳過(guò)空格快速閱讀，了解全篇的主要大意，切勿看到一個(gè)空格就急著填。每篇文章都有自己的主題思想，段落之間必然承上啟下，前呼后應(yīng)，句與句之間也一定緊密相連，形成一個(gè)整體。通讀全文時(shí)只需要了解短文的大意即可，某些單詞不理解可以跳過(guò)，切不可把寶貴的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在個(gè)別字句的推敲上。（二）、注意文章的首尾句短文填空題，往往在文章開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾都有一個(gè)完整的或半完整的句子作為提示句。通過(guò)提示句，可以確定文章的主題、背景、人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等，提示句常常點(diǎn)明了中心思想，對(duì)理解文章有很大的幫助。（三）、尋找關(guān)鍵詞、提示詞上下文找線索及提示。短文填空的文章都是一個(gè)意義相關(guān)聯(lián)的語(yǔ)篇，它圍繞一個(gè)話(huà)題論述在文中詞語(yǔ)重復(fù)、替代等現(xiàn)象是不可避免的。（四）、先易后難通覽全文后，對(duì)文章有了整體印象，在此基礎(chǔ)上，可以根據(jù)全文大意，展開(kāi)邏輯思維，分析這一空格處在句中的地位、前后的關(guān)系和它所起的作用，確定最佳答案。遇到困難，暫放一邊，先易后難，這是解題之道。當(dāng)遇到難以判斷的選項(xiàng)時(shí)，不妨先放一邊，繼續(xù)往下做。最后再回過(guò)頭來(lái)根據(jù)上下文聯(lián)系和思考，推測(cè)剩下空格的可能答案。（五）、聯(lián)系上下文，綜合考慮綜合考慮是指根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則，把上下文的意思、語(yǔ)法功能、詞法結(jié)構(gòu)、習(xí)慣用法、邏輯推理等常識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)加在一起綜合考慮。注意填的詞要符合句意同時(shí)也遵循句子中語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，即注意詞的正確形式。所填單詞詞性及其正確形式主要注意點(diǎn)：名詞：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)（可數(shù)名詞的變化規(guī)律、單復(fù)數(shù)同形、不規(guī)則變化、不可數(shù)名詞）動(dòng)詞：謂語(yǔ)：時(shí)態(tài)（變化規(guī)律和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表）和語(yǔ)態(tài)（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）非謂語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞：比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)、+ed和+ing的區(qū)別；做定語(yǔ)（adj.+n.）或表語(yǔ)（be+n.）副詞：修飾動(dòng)詞或放句首修飾整個(gè)句子；程度副詞修飾形容詞（或副詞）冠詞：a/an、the（不定冠詞特殊的有哪些）數(shù)詞：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別；其他表達(dá)數(shù)量多少的詞（ome;any;much;many）代詞：人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞連詞：轉(zhuǎn)折或并列關(guān)系;因果關(guān)系；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：賓語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句介詞：方位介詞、時(shí)間介詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配【其他：】固定搭配；原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)；固定句型；語(yǔ)法一致等。（六）、復(fù)讀短文，仔細(xì)檢查所有空格填詞初步完成后，把全文復(fù)讀一遍，復(fù)讀時(shí)根據(jù)語(yǔ)感和對(duì)整篇文章的理解，檢查全文是否前后貫通，邏輯關(guān)系是否合理，句法結(jié)構(gòu)是否恰當(dāng)，主謂是否一致，詞的性、數(shù)、格時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等形式以及搭配是否恰當(dāng)?shù)取Ｈ┠M沖刺（5篇）（一）Twoyearsago,Ifailedinthecollegeentrancexam.Itwasaheavyshocktomyfamilyandme.Thesouthofthecountr.yIwaseighteenandmyfamilywaspoo.rTheythoughtthatmylifecouldbe2.bygoingtoagoodcollegeI.wasunderstressandworriedI.stayedathomeanddidn'twanttoseeanyone.Onenight,I3.thatIerestinlgessonA.llthestudentwserelaughinHappilMwoleupsuddenlYndfouncMyselfDnthebecinmyownroom.」realizedthatIcouldn'tletmyself5..Idecidedtotakethenextyear'scollegeentranceexam.Itwasadifficultyear.Istudiedayandnighttoget6.fortheexam.Whentheexamcame,IfoundthatIwasn'tasnervousasbefore.NowIamstudyinginagooduniversit.yItrytopayfortheeducatiobnydoingpar-ttime7..IbelieveIcan8.abettelrifeinthefutureP.leaseremembetrh:ebesttimeofyourlifemaystillbeaheadofyou,butitwon'tjustmagicallyshowup.9.youhavetocreateit.It'sinyourpowertocreatethebrightesftuture10.youwantforyourlife.Ifyouworlhardtoday,youwillthanlyourselfoneday..5.6?0.（二）AreyoustilldoingtheVforvictory勝生利）sign?It'sout.Thelatestpopularhandgesture（手勢(shì)）isputtingbothofyourhandsandputthemtogethEtiomaleahear—shapeltis_1_“handheart”.Manyyoungpop_2_intheUShavedonethemoveinrecentphotos.“The‘handheart'gesturemeanssomethingbetween‘Iloveyou'_3‘thankyou',”saidTaylorSwift,thecountrysinger.“Youcansendaswee,simplemessagwithout__4aword.”SwiftoftendoesitatherconcertsA.ndsheisbelievedtobethefirsttomaleitpopula.rLastmonth,JustinBieberdidthe“handheart”5hisbestfriendsandputthephotoonlineTheydidittohelpoutthreecidswhosqoarentwerekilledinacaraccidenHateron,many3eople_6awaymuchmonytohelpthekids.Itusedtotalemichlongefornonverbal非語(yǔ)言的）culturEomoveButnowitmovefaster_7_ofthesmartphoneasndtheInternet.InKorea,the“handheart”hasbeenpopularforalongtime,butinadifferent8.PeoplEther甲u(yù)ttheirhancsabovetheirheadsandmakeabiggerheartshapewiththeirarms.Itmeans:“Iloveyou.”Thisisnotonlyforthecouples,_9_alsoforfriends.Canyoudoitlikethem?Let'sdoitmoreoftentomakeourlife10ofloveandkindness...9.10.(三)Somepeoplethinkwebuytoomanythingsforsaleonshopingdaysorduringthefestival,(1)theyhavestartedaspeciadlay(2)thenameofBuyNothingDay.Theydon'twantanyonetogo(3)onthatdayBuyNothingDayisafterThanksgivingndtisofteithefirstdayofChristmashoppingAtthattime,weseeads(4)newspapersandonTVtelingusto“BUY!BUY!BUY！”.allovertheworldcelebratBeuystoriess,ingsongsanddrawpictures.TheideaforBuyNothingDay(5)inCanadaN.ow(6)allovertheworldcelebratBeuystoriess,ingsongsanddrawpictures.NothingDay.InCaliforniap,arentsandchildrengettogetherto(7)___Thechildrentalkabou(t8)theydon'tgetalotoftoys.InNewMexico,highschoosltudentmsakeposterstogivepeopleinformatioanboutBuyNothingDay.Mostpeoplelike(9)newidea.Theydecidenottobuyanythingonthatday(10)year.....0.OnemorningitwasalreadyaquartetoeightwherIgotup.1wasafraidthatIwoulcbelate,__1_Iputonmyclothehurriedlyjndleftwithoubreakfast.Thereweresomanypeopletthebusstop_2_itwasnoteasytocatchabus?Fiveminutehadpassed,stillcouldhgetonone.Theonlythingleftfor__3_todowastowalk.Irushecthoug^thecrowdandrantowardmyschoolSuddeniymetanoldwomanandshe_4—downWithouanapologyleftherandwentonmywayThateveningwherlwasback__5_schoolllearnedhattheoldwomawasbadlyhurtinthelegfromthefall.Shewassen社oa__6_afterlleft.1feltvery__7_andnearlycried.Theonlywayformetoaskherpardonwastopayheravisit.Thenextdaylwen社othehospitaL__8_theoldwomarandtoldherwholwas.AtfirstIthoughthatshewouldgivemeascolding責(zé)'怪).Shedidit,butsmiledForme,tha1smilewas__9_thaneverything.begano__10__.Shestrokec撫摸)myhandandsaidwithwarmth,“Nevermind,mygirl.Iknewyoudidn'twanttohurtme,didyou?Don'tworry.Iwillgetbetter.”Iwasthankfutloher,andIpromisednottodosuchasillythingagain.....0.（五）BatsprefetoliveindarkandwetplacesTherearealll.ofviruses（病毒）.Batsalwaysliveingoups2.thevirusescanhavelarger“playgrounds”toevolve（進(jìn)化）andbecomemorepowerfuvlariants.Likehumansbatsaremammal（哺乳動(dòng)物）.Wehavesimilargenes基因）insomeways,whichmalesiteasierfor3.tobecomeinfectedwiththesameviruses.Whenbatsfly,theirbodytemperatucreanreachas4.as40°