口語(yǔ)突破英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

口語(yǔ)突破英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)口語(yǔ)突破英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)口語(yǔ)突破英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)口語(yǔ)突破英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)概念：在英語(yǔ)中不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的表達(dá)形式也不一樣，這就是時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)態(tài)和時(shí)間緊密相連。目標(biāo)：口語(yǔ)突破語(yǔ)法。實(shí)施步驟：【1:弄懂語(yǔ)法含義及構(gòu)成2:收集實(shí)用句子3:反復(fù)操練句子4:舉一反三】一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)概念：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行和發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成：be(am,is,are)+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1)一般在動(dòng)詞后面直接加-ing：eating,drinking,reading2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加-ing：come-coming,write-writing3)需要雙寫最后一個(gè)字母的：shop-shoppingsit-sittingstop-stoppingrun-runningswim-swimmingget-gettingbegin-beginningplan-planninghit-hittingbeg-beggingput-puttingtravel-travellingwin-winningcut—cuttingwrap-wrappingskip—skippingclap—clappingregret—regrettingforget--forgetting例句：1:I’mworkingonit.2:He’slookingforapart-timejob.3:Sheiscooking/sleeping.4:Theyaretalkingaboutyou.5:WearehavingEnglishclass.Canyoucallagainlater?6:It’sraininghard/again/outside.7:What’ssofunnyWhyareyoulaughing

8:Thephoneisringing.Pleaseansweritforme.I’mtakingashower.9:Whoareyoutakingto

I’mtalkingtomymother.10:You’remakinggreatprogressinEnglish.你的英語(yǔ)有了很大的進(jìn)步。（練習(xí)：用lookfor,waitfor,talkabout練習(xí)造句）特殊語(yǔ)法一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)：1:I’mleaving/coming.2:Myparentsarecomingtoseeme.3:HeisleavingforHktomorrow.4:Whatareyoudoinglater?

5:I’mnotworkingnextweek.6:We’rehavingapartynextweekend.7:I’mnotgoingouttonight.I’mstayingathome.8:Whatareyoudoinglater?

特殊用法二：與always，constantly等連用，含有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩：1:Youarealwayscomplaining.2:Sheisalwayschanginghermind.3:Iamalwaysforgettingpeople’snames.4:You’realwayswatchingTV,You’realwaysplayingcomputergames.請(qǐng)隨時(shí)隨地脫口而出下列句子：1:Whatareyoudoing?5:I’mreading./working.2:What’shedoing?6:Mymotheriscooking/sleeping.3:Whataretheydoing?7:I’mnotgoing.4:Whereareyougoing?9:Sheisgettingfatterandfatter.10:It’sgettinghotterandhotter.11:Everday,ineveryway,I’mgettingbetterandbetter.二：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)概念：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某個(gè)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。構(gòu)成：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞1:Whatwereyoudoingatthistimelastnight?

2:ItwasraininghardwhenIwenttoschoolthismorning.3:TheyweretalkingaboutmewhenIcamein.4:Iwastakingashowerwhenyoucalled.5:TheywerewatchingTVwhenthelightswentout.6:Iwashavingdinnerwithmyfriendat8o’clockyesterday.7:Shewassleepingatthistimelastnight.8:MymotherwaswaitingformewhenIgothome.9:IwasshoppingatthemarketwhenImetmyEnglishteacher.10:Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow

Sorry,Iwasn’tlistening.11:Icalledyouyesterdaymorningbutyouweren’tathome,wherewereyou?

三：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用來(lái)表示經(jīng)常性或反復(fù)性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，陳述事實(shí)及現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞用原形，但主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)動(dòng)詞要加-s【主語(yǔ)是he,she,it,Tom,Tom’sfather等時(shí)】動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化;一般在動(dòng)詞后加-s：sing—sings,like—likes以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變-y為i再加-es：study-studiesworry—worriescarry---carries以o,s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要加-es：do—doesgo—goeswash—washeswatch—watches一：表示主語(yǔ)所具備的性格、特征、狀態(tài)及喜好：1:I’manofficeworker.2:Hermotherisanurse.3:Heistallandthin.4:Weareofficerworkers.5:SheisfromAmerica.6:Theyaremyneighbours.7:Igotoworkonfooteveryday.8:Heworkshard.9:Shelivesnearhere.10:Theyworkovertimeeveryday.11:Thegirllookslikehermother.12:Theboyhatesgoingtoschool.二：表示經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：（常與頻度副詞always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等連用）1:Mymothergetsupearlyeveryday.2:Heoftenstaysuplate.3:Sheusuallygoestoworkbybike.4:Mysonoftendoesherhomeworkatthelastminute.5:Theysometimestravelduringsummerholiday.6:IpracticeEnglisheverymorning.三：表示早已列入時(shí)刻表的事件1:SchoolstartsonSept.1st.2:Thebusrunsevery10minutes3:Thetrainleavesat8tomorrowmorning.4:What’stomorrow’sdate?

5:Whatdayisittomorrow

6:Whenisyourbirthday?四：表示客觀真理：1:Timeisprecious.2:Healthisbetterthanwealth.3:Practicemakesperfect.4:Mothersalwaysworryabouttheirchildren.【請(qǐng)脫口而出下面的句子】Everyonewantstosucceed.Everybodymakessuchmistakessometimes.Thathappens.Thedishtastesdelicious.Theshopopensat9o’clockandclosesat6o’clock.Areyoufreenow?【舉例說(shuō)明一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定句和疑問句的變化】：I’mateacher.I’mnotateacher-->Areyouateacher?-->Yes,Iam/No,I’mnot.Sheisanurse.Sheisn’tanurse.-Issheanurse?

-->Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Theyarestudents.Theyaren’tstudents.-->Aretheystudents?

-->Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.4)Iliketravelling.-Idon’tliketravelling.-Doyouliketravelling?

-Yes,Ido./No,Idon/t.5)Heworkshard.-->Hedoesn’tworkhard.-Doesheworkhard?

-->Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.【一般疑問句】一：Doyou….

DoyoulikeChinesefoodDoyouhaveanyhobbies

DoyouseehimoftenDoyougetupearly

DoyoudrinkDoyouoftengoshopping

二：Does……

DoesheloveyouDoesshelivenearhereDoesTomspeakEnglishDoesyourmothercallyouoften

DoesyoursonstudyhardDoesyourwifework

DoesheteachEnglishDoesshehaveaBF

【特殊疑問句】Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Whatdoesthissignmean?

Whatdoestoday’snewssay?

WhatdoyoulikebestaboutChina?Wheredoyoulive/work?Wheredoyoucomefrom?Howdoyougotoworkeveryday?Howdoyoulikeit?Whendoyougotowork/getoffwork?Whendoesthemeetingstart?Whydoyoulikesuchaperson?Whydoyouhavetotellherthetruth?WhydoyouthinkSZisabadplacetolive?WhydoyoucometoChina?Whydon’twehavefun?

16)Whydon’tyoulikeher?

17)Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?

18)WhichplacedoyoulikebestinChina?

19)Howoldisyourdaughter?

20)Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?

21)Howmuchmoneydoyouneed?

22)HowmuchisitHowmucharethey

23)HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?

24)Howfarisitfromheretoyourcompany?

25)Howoftendoyoucallyourfamily?

26)Howsoonwillyoucomeback?

【額外奉送】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)對(duì)于描述自己的情況很有用;（一）Self-introduction自我介紹Helloeveryday.MynameisLily.I’mfromChina.IliveinBeijing.IloveEnglish.IreadEnglisheveryday.IyellEnglisheveryday.Myfavouritesportaretennisandswimming.Myfatherisadoctorandmymotherisateacher.WeareallinterestedinEnglish.DoyoulikeEeglish

Ihopewecanbefriends.（二）Self-introductionIhave2children.Mysonis8,hestudiesinaprimaryschool.Mydaughteris15,shestudiesinamiddleschool.I’matecher,Iworkinauniversity.Mywifeworksinahospital.Wehaveahappyfamily.(三)AliceAliceisaveryoutgoinggirl,shelikesmusic,shepalysbasketball,shespendsalotofmoneyonclothes.shegoestomovies,andsheoftengoestonightclub,sheknowsmanypeople,sheisverypopular.Alicedoesn’tstayhomealoneveryoften,shedoesn’treadbooks,shedoesn’twatchTV,shedoesn’tlistentomusic.Sheisveryactive,Shelikestalkonthephone,everyonelikesAlice.(四)MysisterandIMysisterandIareverydifferent.I’manofficeworker,she’sasecretaryinasmallcompany.IliveinGZ,shelivesinSZ,IhaveaBF,shelivesalone.I’mrich,sheispoor.Myfatherlikesme,mymotherlikesmysister.Aloughwearedifferent,welikeeachother.四：一般過去時(shí)一：含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般有明顯的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如：yesterday,lastnight,thismorning,lastweek/month/year,justnow,then(那時(shí))，atthatmoment,2yearsago,in1999.等等。二：一般過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成，動(dòng)詞要用過去式:1)系動(dòng)詞am,iswas(否定式wasn’t),are-were(否定式weren’t)2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一般加-ed.如：worked;lived;studied.3）不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞要分別記憶：如：go—went;do—did,take-took1:Wherewereyoulastnight

2:Hewasherejustnow.3:IwasshywhenIwasyoung.4:Youwerelateagain.5:Shewasabeautywhenshewasyoung.6：Shewaslateforworkyesterday.7:Wewentshoppinglastnightandboughtalotofthings.8:Heworkedherelastyear.9:TheymovedtoHKlastmonth.10:Wewenttothemovieslastnight,butthefilmwasn’tverygood.Wedidn’tenjoyit.Wewastedourtimeandmoney.11:Ididn’thavebreakfastthismorning.12:Didyouwatchthenewslastnight?

14:Didyouhaveagoodtimelastnight

13:Whydidn’tyoutellme?15:Wheredidyouspendyourholiday

16:Howdidyousleeplastnight?17:Whatdidyoudothismorning

18:WhendidyoucometoChina?19:Howwasyourtrip

20:WhocalledmeWhosaidthat【一般過去時(shí)的否定句和疑問句的變化】1:Iwasintheofficethismorning.-Iwasn’tintheofficeinthemorning.Wereyouintheofficeinthemorning?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.2:TheywereinAmericaatthistimelastyear.-Theyweren’tinAmericaatthistimelastyear?

WeretheyinAmericaatthistimelastyear>Yes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.3:Iboughtalotofthingsyesterday.-->Ididn’tbuyalotofthingsyesterday.Didyoubuyalotofthingsyesterday?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.額外附送：短文突破一般過去時(shí)PleasantweekendIwanttotellyoumyweekend.Itwasreallygreat.Iwentcampingwithsomeofmycolleagues.WeleftearlyonSundaymorninganddrovetothemountains.Wehikedforanhourtoabeautifullake.Wewentswimming,wecookedoveracampfire,andwesleptoutside.Wetoldstoriesandsangsongsuntilaftermidnight.Nextmorning,wemadeabigbreakfast,wewentotherplaces,andthenwepackedupourthings,hikedbacktothecar,andcamehome.Weweretotallytired,butwehadareallygreattime.五：一般將來(lái)時(shí)概念：表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)候?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或?qū)⒁瞿呈碌挠?jì)劃和打算。常和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如tomorrow,nextday//week/year,soon,thedayaftertomorrow等。構(gòu)成：1)will+動(dòng)詞原形（即時(shí)所作出的決定）2)begoingto句型（表示按計(jì)劃、安排要做的事）1:Sorry,I’mbusynow,I’llcallyoubacklater.2:I’lltakeit.3:I’lltakeyouradvice.4:I’llfindoutwhodidthis.5:I’llmissallofyou.6:I’llbereadyin5minutes.7:I’llthinkaboutit.8:Thetrainwillarriveat8o’clock.I’llbeheresoon9:He’llgoouttoplaywithhisfriendsafterschool.10:Shewillcometoseemetomorrow.11:Theywillcomeherethisevening,they’llcomebytrain.12:It’saniceday,IthinkI’llgoforawalk.13:Ithinktheweatherwillbefinelater.14:Fromnowon,I’llpracticeEnglisheveryday.15:It’sgoingtorain.16:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.17:Theyaregoingtogoabroadnextyear.18:AreyougoingtoHKthisweekend?

【否定句】I)Iwon’tforgiveyou.2)Hewon’tbeheretomorrow.3)Itwon’thappenagain.【疑問句】Willshecome2)Willhecometoyourbirthdayparty?Willyoubefreetomorrownight?【特殊疑問句】1:Whenwillyoucomeback

3:Where/Howareyougoingtospendyourholiday?

4:Whenareyougoingtogetmarried?

5:Whenandwherewillwemeettomorrow?

6:HowwillyougotoBeijing?

7:Whywillyougothereonholiday?

【短文突破語(yǔ)法】Longfortheweekend盼望周末Iamlookingforwardtotheweekend.Iamnotgoingtothinkaboutschool.I’mnotgoingtoworryaboutmyexams.I’mnotgoingtotouchmytextbooks.I’mgoingtoreadafewmagazinesandwatchafewDVDS.I’mgoingtocallmyfriends.I’mgoingtosurftheInternet.I’mgoingtorelaxathomewithmyfamily.Ican’twait!Thisisgoingtobethebestweekendever.六：過去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過去某時(shí)看將要發(fā)生的事情，它的構(gòu)成有兩種形式：一：would+動(dòng)詞原形二：was/were+goigto1:Hesaidhewouldhelpme/paybackmymoney/seeme.2:Shesaidshewouldcomebacknextweek.3:Hetoldmehewouldgoabroadtostudy.4:Wedidn’tknowwhenthemeetingwouldend.4:Shesaidshewasgoingtobuyacar.5:Ididn’tknowifhewasgoingtocome.6:LastSunday,weweregoingtovisittheGreatWall,butitrained.7:Iheardtherewasgoingtobeameetingthisafternoon.8:Wherewereyou

Ithoughtyouweregoingtowaitforme.

還可表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：9:Thisdoorwouldn’topen.這扇門老是打不開。10:IwouldplaywithhimwhenIwasachild.我小時(shí)候常跟他玩。七：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在所造成的影響或結(jié)果,如：Hehasspentallhismoney.二：構(gòu)成：has/have+過去分詞三：用法：一：表示原來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)至今：for+時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)1:IhavestudiedEnglishfor5years.2:Hehaslivedherefor20years.3:Ihavebeenhere/inDGfor3years.4:Shehasbeenateacherfor10years.5:Wehaveknowneachothersincewewereboys.6:HehasbeeninSZsince2000.7:Ihaveworkedheresince2yearsago.二：表示剛剛或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作：8:Ihavejusthaddinner.9:Hehasjustcomehere.10:Wehavealreadyfinishedourwork.三：表示曾經(jīng)有過的經(jīng)驗(yàn)：（常和never,ever,twice等連用）11:IhaveneverbeentoHKbefore.12:HaveyoueverbeentoMacao?

13:Ihaven’tmethimbefore.14:I’veneverthoughtofsuchathing.15:I’veneverseensuchanawfulperson.16:HehasbeentoTibettwice.17:Ihavenevermetsuchabeautifulgirl.四：過去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，常和:lately（recently）最近，atpresent目前，現(xiàn)在；sofar到目前為止；uptonow到目前為止，thesedays目前，這些天等連用18：Haveyoumethimlately

19:Ihaven’tbeenverysuccessfulsofar.至今我還不是很成功。熟記下面的句子：20:Hehasgonehome/hasgonetowork/hasgonetoGZ.21:Howhaveyoubeen?

22:HaveyouheardfromMary?

23:HowlonghaveyoustudiedEnglish?

24:HowlonghaveyoulivedinSZ?

25:Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?

【短文突破現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)】Ihavebeenverybusy,Ihaven’tbeentoarestaurantforalongtime,andI’venevereatenKoreanfood.Believeitornot,I’velivedhereallmylifeandI’veneverbeenthere!HowhaveyoubeenHaveyouseenanygoodmoviesrecentlyHaveyoueatenatanygoodrestaurantsHaveyougonetoanyinterestingplacesPleasewritebackandletmeknowwhatyouhavebeendoinglately.I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.八：過去完成時(shí)一：表示過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,含義是：過去的過去二：構(gòu)成：had+過去分詞1:Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned5000words.2:Bythetimewegottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.3:BythetimeIgottothebank,ithadalreadyclosed.4:Thechildrenranawayaftertheyhadbrokenthewindow.5:MyparentshadgotupbeforeIwokeupthismorning.6:Thetrainhadstartedwhentheygottothestation.7:WhenIgothome,mymotherhadfinishedcookingalready.8:Hesaidhehadtaughtinthatschoolsince1999.九：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一：含義：表示從過去某一時(shí)間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。二：構(gòu)成：has/havebeen+現(xiàn)在分詞1:I’vebeendyingtogohome.我一直都很想回家。2:I’vebeenlookingforwardtomeetingyouforalongtime.我一直以來(lái)都渴望見到你。3:Hehasbeenteachinginthisschoolsincehegraduated.4:Ithasbeenrainingallnight.5:Whereonearthhaveyoubeen

I’vebeenwaitingfor2hours.十：將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)一：表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻將進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，一般表示安排要做的事或預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)發(fā)生的事，常用于