Unit 5小題組合練習(xí) 人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

人教版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)Unit5小題組合練習(xí)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Itisfoodnewsguaranteedtoputasmileonyourface.Scientistshavefoundthateatingdarkchocolateappearstolowertheriskofdepressionbyaquarter.While7.6percentofthe13,000peoplesurveyedreporteddepressivesymptoms,just1.5percentofthechocolateeatersdid.ThestudybyUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL),theUniversityofCalgaryandAlbertaHealthServicesCanada,alsofoundthatthepeoplewhoconsumedthemostofanychocolatewerealso57percentlesslikelytoreportdepressivesymptoms.LeadauthorDr.SarahJacksonsaid,“Thisstudyprovidessomeevidencethatconsumptionofchocolate,particularlydarkchocolate,maybeassociatedwithreducedoddsofclinicallyrelevantdepressivesymptoms.”Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeofchocolateconsumed.Theteamassesseddatafrom13,626adultsfromtheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey.Arangeofotherfactorsincludingheight,weight,maritalstatus,ethnicity,education,householdincome,physicalactivity,smokingandchronichealthproblemswerealsotakenintoaccounttoensurethestudyonlymeasuredchocolate’seffectondepressivesymptoms.Afteradjustingforthesefactors,itwasfoundthatindividualswhoreportedeatinganydarkchocolateintwo24-hourperiodshad70percentloweroddsofreportingclinicallyrelevantdepressivesymptomsintheprevioustwoweeksthanthosewhoreportednoteatingchocolateatall.Chocolatecontainsanumberofpsychoactiveingredientswhichproduceafeelingofeuphoriasimilartothatofcannabinoid(大麻素),foundincannabis.Italsocontainsphenylethylamine(苯乙胺),aneuromodulator(神經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì))whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople’smoods.Darkchocolatealsohashigherconcentrationofflavonoids(類(lèi)黃酮),antioxidantchemicalswhichlowerinflammationandcanpreventtheonset(發(fā)生)ofdepression.However,Britishscientistspointedoutthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors.Forexample,peoplewhochoosedarkchocolatemaybemorehealth-consciousingeneral,whichisknowntoprotectagainstdepression.Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytodesireformoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalterativewhenchoosingchocolate.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthestudy?A.minorityofchocolateeaterssufferfromdepression.B.majorityofpeoplesurveyedaredepressive.C.Allkindsofchocolatecanhelpfightdepression.D.Halfofpeoplewithdepressionaresurveyed.2.Thestudyistypicalinthat________.A.itpointedouttherelationshipbetweendepressionandchocolateB.itdemonstratedtheprotectiveeffectsofblackchocolateC.thefindingswerebasedonthetypeofchocolateconsumedD.theresearchersconductedthesurveyworldwide3.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofchocolate.B.Thereasonsfortheprotectiveeffects.C.Thecausesofdepression.D.Theeffectsofchocolate.4.What’stheBritishscientists’attitudetowardthefindings?A.Cautious. B.Supportive. C.Unimportant. D.Curious.【答案】1-4ACBAⅡ.七選五Ifyourfriendshipsaregoingtolastalongtime,yousimplyhavetoacceptthatthingswillalwayschange.Butneverfear.36Hereisalittleoftheiradvice:Startwiththefriendshiptriangle.ShastaNelsonisafriendshipexpertwhogivesaconceptcalledthe“friendshiptriangle”.37Anyway,thebaseispositivity,andtwosidesofthetriangleareconsistency(一致性)andvulnerability(脆弱性).Ifyourfriendshiphassomethingwrong,it’smucheasiertoseewhatisoffbalanceandadjustintime.Figureoutwhatyouvalue.AnotherhelpfultoolcomesfromRachelWilkersonMiller.WilkersonMillerrecommendslookingatfriendshipsthroughyourTME-time,moneyandenergy.“Thoseareyourmostvaluableresources,”shesays.“ThinkaboutwhereyourTMEisgoing,howyou’respendingitandwhoyou’regivingitto.”38Don’tbeafraidtoaskforthings.39Beingdirectcanfeelawkward,butifyougetinthehabitofstatingyourneeds,youcanavoidapileofhatemuchlateron.“Askforexactlywhatyouneed,”Havrilesky,afamouswriter,says,“Sometimesitcanworklikemedicine.Soask!”40Duringlonglife,yougothroughlotofdifferentversionsofyourself.Thatcanmeanthatsometimes,afriendisonlypresentforacertainchapter—andthatisOK.A.Noteveryfriendisgoingtobethereforever.B.Weoffersomeadvicefromexpertsforyoutodealwiththeshiftsinyourfriendship.C.Friendshipislikeashiptocarryyougofurther.D.Thefriendshiptriangleismadeofthreeequallylongsides.E.Ifyouwastetheseresources,itmightbetimetoshifttherelationship.F.Youshouldgetcomfortableaskingforwhatyouneed.G.Theexpertrecommendsbeingclearwhenyourfriendshipisnolongerthesame.【答案】36-40BDEFAⅢ.完形填空WhenIwasfiveyearsold，Grandmotherinvitedsomefriendstoherapartmentforaparty.1theguestswasaneighborhoodbigshotwhowasdoing2inbusiness.Theyhadalittlegirlwhowas3andverymuchusedtogettingherownway.Duringtheparty，Iwenttothebathroomandclosedthedoor.Aminuteortwolater，thelittlegirl4thebathroomdoorandsimplywalkedin.Iwasstillsittingdown.“Don’tyouknowthatlittlegirlsaren’t5tocomeintothebathroomwhenalittleboyisusingit！？”Ishouted.Itshockedthelittlegirlandthenshestartedtocry.Shetearfully6toherparentsandmygrandmother.GrandmotherwaswaitingformesoIreceivedthelongest，sharpest7.Twentyminuteslater，Grandmotherwalkedbythebathroomandnoticedafloodofwater8outfromunderthedoor.Shefoundthe9weregoingatfullblast(擰到最大)．Everyoneknewwhodidit.Theguestsquicklyformeda10wallaroundme，butGrandmotherwas11angrythatshealmostgottomeanyway.Mygrandfathertookme12tothewindow.Hewasakindandgentleman.13didheraisehisvoicetoanyone，andneverdidhe14withhiswife.“Tellme，”heasked，“whydidyoudoit？”“Well，sheyelledatme15，butnowshe’sgotsomethingtoyellabout.”Grandfatherlookedatme，smiling.“Eric，”hesaidatlast，“youaremyrevenge.”1．A.Between B．AmongC．Within D．Beside2．A.good B．badC．better D．well3．A.spoiled B．harmedC．liked D．concerned4．A.closed B．openedC．beat D．tapped5．A.expected B．a(chǎn)skedC．supposed D．told6．A.complained B．a(chǎn)pologizedC．replied D．referred7．A.crying B．scoldingC．murmuring D．whispering8．A.moving B．stirringC．floating D．streaming9．A.pipes B．tapsC．tubes D．switches10．A.productive B．hardC．protective D．rough11．A.so B．tooC．a(chǎn)s D．very12．A.onmyfeet B．bythehandC．withasmile D．inmyshoes13．A.Often B．SometimesC．Always D．Rarely14．A.argue B．standC．communicate D．debate15．A.forall B．fornothingC．withoutdoubt D．withsympathy1-15BDABCABDBCABDABⅣ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文?！癐t’snotlookingtoogood，darling.Ithinkyou’dbetterpackafewthingsandgotoyourmother’splace.Andyou’dbettertakeRosieandMontywithyou.”P(pán)uttingdownthephone，Sarasighed.TomorrowwasherhusbandTony’sbirthday.Shehadplannedtocookhimanicemealandthensurprisehimwiththenewmountainbikeshe’dboughtforhim.Ifshewenttohermother’shouse，Tonywouldn’tgethispresentfordays.However，hermother’shousewasthebestplacetoberightnow.Beingonhigherland，itwouldbesafefromthefloods.IthadbeenrainingheavilyforalmosttwoweeksandtherivernearSaraandTony’shousewasrisinghigherandhigherallthetime.Tonyandothersfromthevillagehadspentthelasttwodaysputtingsandbagsalongthesideoftherivertostopitfromoverflowing.Nowtheyfearedthattheirhardworkhadbeenuselessandsoonthewholevalleywouldbeflooded.SaradressedbabyJamesinwarmclothesandcollectedthethingsshewouldneedforhimoverthenextfewdays.SheputtheleadonthedogandwentinsearchofMonty，thecat.Ittookheralongtime，buteventuallyshefoundhimsafeandwarmunderthecoversonherbed.SheplacedhiminhiscatbasketandtookhimintothekitchenwhereJamesandthedog，Rosie，werewaiting.Justasshewasreachingforthecarkeys，Saraheardasoundlikethenoisebathwatermakeswhenyoupullouttheplug.Shelookedatthebackdoor，waterwasflowinginunderneath.Turningaround，shesawdirtybrownwaterfountainingoutofthedrainandfillingthesink.Realizingthattheyweretrappedbythefloodanditbecameimpossibleforhertodriveout，quicklysheputJamesintoherbackpackandpulledontoherback.CallingtoRosie，shepickedupthecatbasketandrantothefrontofthehouseandoutintothefrontgarden，wherethecarwasparked.注意：續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Thewaterwasalreadyuptoherknees，andRosiewasswimmingbesideher.Sara，togetherwithJames，RosieandMonty，washungryandfrightenedontheroofofthehousewhenaboatappearedinthedistance.一、故事梗概二、情節(jié)推斷根據(jù)已經(jīng)給出的續(xù)寫(xiě)部分每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)并展開(kāi)合理想象可推斷：1．第一段開(kāi)頭是：水已經(jīng)到她的膝蓋了。羅西在她旁邊游泳……所以接下來(lái)應(yīng)該描述她們是怎么自救的。2．第二段開(kāi)頭是：薩拉、詹姆斯、羅西和蒙蒂在房頂上又餓又怕，這時(shí)遠(yuǎn)處出現(xiàn)了一艘船。本段應(yīng)該寫(xiě)她們是不是得救了，遠(yuǎn)處的船是否過(guò)來(lái)幫助了她們?？筛鶕?jù)自己的想象構(gòu)建故事情節(jié)。續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段的四個(gè)要素如下：Paragraph1Paragraph2時(shí)間：Whentheyweretrappedintheflood地點(diǎn)：inthefrontgarden，whereSara’scarwasparked人物：Sara，James，thedogandthecat事件：howtheymanagedtoclimbuptotheroofofthehouse...時(shí)間：Afterclimbingontothehouseroof...地點(diǎn)：onthehouseroof，intheboat人物：Sara’sfamily，thepeopleintheboat事件：Saracalledhelpandthepeopleintheboatfou