《高級英語讀寫譯教程》Unit 11 Your Next Computer

Unit11YourNextComputerPassageTranslationSkills教學(xué)建議：本章重點(diǎn)：了解手機(jī)的功能，發(fā)展前景，以及手機(jī)與個(gè)人電腦的優(yōu)劣。本章難點(diǎn)：了解與手機(jī)相關(guān)的一些技術(shù)課時(shí)安排：精讀4學(xué)時(shí)。

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Pre-readingActivities

☆PassageExploration

☆Post-readingActivitiesUnit11

YourNextComputerPre-readingQuestionsHaveyougotacellphone?Besidesmakingcallsandsendingmessages,whatelsedoyouuseitfor??HaveyougotyourownPC?Whatdoyouoftenuseitfor?Ofalltheconveniencesprovidedbythecomputer,whichonedoyouthinkattractsyoumost?

HaveyougotaPDA?Doyouknowanythingaboutit?

BackgroundInformation☆

BradStone☆

Chanukah☆

Smartphone

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DifferencebetweenasmartphoneandPDA

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IPod

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Palm,Inc.

BackgroundInformation☆

PalmPilot

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Treo600☆

Moore'sLaw

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SprintNextelCorporation

☆A(yù)T&TCorp.

BradStone

BradStoneisanAmericanjournalistandwriter.HeisSiliconValleyCorrespondentforNewsweekMagazine.StoneisanalumnusofColumbiaUniversity,havinggraduatedin1991.In2003,hepublishedhisfirstbook,

Gearheads(ISBN0743229517),aboutthecombatrobotculture.StonelivesinSanFrancisowithhiswife,JenniferGranick.Chanukah

Chanukah(VariantofHanukkah),alsoknownastheFestivalofLightsorFestivalofDedicationisafestivalinJudaismthatoccurseachDecember.HanukkahcommemoratesthevictoryoftheJewsinthesecondcenturyb.c.overtheSyrians,whohadoccupiedtheircountry,andtherededicationoftheTempleinJerusalem(hanukkahisHebrewfor“dedication”).ChanukahObserversofHanukkahlightonecandleinacandleholdercalledamenoraheachnightforeightnightsinmemoryofalegendthat,whentheTemplewasrededicated,itslampsburned,withoutenoughoil,miraculouslyforaweek.HanukkahwasformerlyoneofthelessimportantJewishfestivals,buttodayitiscelebratedbyJewsinmanypartsoftheworld—especiallytheUnitedStates,whereitoverlapswiththecelebrationofChristmas.Smartphone

Asmartphoneisanyelectronichandhelddevicethatintegratesthefunctionalityofamobilephone,personaldigitalassistantorotherinformationappliance.ThisisoftenachievedbyaddingtelephonefunctionstoanexistingPDAorputting"smart"capabilities,suchasPDAfunctions,intoamobilephone.

SmartphoneSmartphonefeaturestendtoincludeInternetaccess,e-mailaccess,schedulingsoftware,built-incamera,contactmanagement,GPSnavigationsoftwareandoccasionallytheabilitytoreadbusinessdocumentsinavarietyofformatssuchasPDFandMicrosoftOffice.IntheCTIAconferenceheldinAtlanta,GeorgiainMarch2004,incorporationoftelevisionintothesmartphonewasamongthetopicsdiscussed.

Differencebetweena

smartphoneandPDA

Smartphonesarevoice-centric(voiceistheprimaryfunction,dataissecondary)devicesthatofferPDA-likecapabilities,whereasPDAs(suchasmostBlackBerries)mayoffervoicecapabilities,buttheyaredata-centric.Smartphonesaregenerallycapableofone-handedoperation,whilePDAsgenerallyrequireuseofbothhands.IPod

ThegeneralbrandiPodreferstoaclassofportabledigitalaudioplayersdesignedandmarketedbyAppleComputer.DevicesintheiPodfamilyofferasimpleuserinterfacedesignedaroundacentralscrollwheel.MostiPodmodelsstoremediaonabuilt-inharddrive,whilealower-endmodel,iPodshuffle,reliesonflashmemory.Likemostdigitalaudioplayers,aniPoddevicecanserveasanexternaldatastoragedevicewhileconnectedtoacomputer.Palm,Inc.

Palm,Inc.isapersonaldigitalassistantmanufacturerresponsibleforpopularproductssuchastheTungstenPDAs,TreosmartphonesandtheLifeDrive.PreviousproductlinesincludethePalmPilot,PalmIII,PalmVandPalmVII.WhilemostoftheirdevicesrunPalmOS,arecenteditionoftheTreorunsWindowsMobile.Thecompanywasfoundedin1992,startedtocreateaPDAforconsumers,calledtheZoomer.InAugust2003,thehardwaredivisionofthecompanymergedwithHandspring,wasrenamedtopalmOne,Inc.

PalmPilot

PalmPilotwasthenamegiventoseveralearlymodelsofpersonaldigitalassistantmanufacturedbyPalmComputing,Inc..MorerecentmodelsofPDAmanufacturedbyPalmarenotnamedPilotsduetonameinfringementlawsuitsbroughtonbythePilotPenCorporation,but"PalmPilot"hasbeenusedasasynonymforPDA,regardlessofbrand.

Treo600

ThepalmOneTreo600isasmartphone,combiningacolorPalmOSPDAwitharegularsizedmobilephone.IthasanumberofintegratedfeaturesincludingMP3andstereoaudioheadsetcompatible,digitalcamera,infraredportandtouch-screenwithstylus,anditispossibletocheckthecalendarwhiletalkingonthephone,dialdirectlyfromcontactslist,takepicturesorsendemails.Itincludesafive-waynavigationbuttonandfavoritesscreenallowingquickaccesstothephonefunctions.

Treo600

OnOctober24,2004,palmOneofficiallyunveiledtheTreo600'ssuccessor,theTreo650.AndTreo700isexpectedtobereleasedduringthefirstquarterof2006,accordingtotheofficialwordfromPalmandVerizon.TheconfirmedspecificationsofTreo700are:64MBMemory,1MegapixelCamera,Bluetooth,WindowsMobile5.0OperatingSystemandEV-DOcompatible.Moore'sLaw

“Thenumberoftransistorsandresistorsonachipdoublesevery18months,”saidIntelco-founderGordonMooreregardingthepaceofsemiconductortechnology.Hemadethisfamouscommentin1965whentherewereapproximately60devicesonachip.ProvingMoore'slawtoberatheraccurate,fourdecadeslater,Intelplaced1.7billiontransistorsonitsItaniumchip.In1975,Mooreextendedthe18monthsto24months.Morerecently,hesaidthatthecostofasemiconductormanufacturingplantdoubleswitheachgenerationofmicroprocessor.

SprintNextelCorporation

SprintNextelCorporationisoneofthelargesttelecommunicationscompaniesintheworld,withacombinedmarketcapitalizationof$68.99billionasofearly2006.ItoperatesthethirdlargestwirelessnetworkintheU.S.basedontotalwirelesscustomers—behindCingularWirelessandVerizonWireless—with45.6millionsubscribers,undertheSprintPCSandNextelbrands.Italsooperateslandlineandlongdistancebusiness,aswellasseveralunitsthatprovidebusinessesandgovernmentswithcommunicationsservices.SprintNextelCorporation

Thenewcompany,formerlyknownasSprintCorporation(foundedin1899,alandlinetelephonecompanyoperatedasacompetitortotheBellSystemoftheday),wascreatedfromthe$35billionpurchaseofNEXTELCommunicationsbySprint,thoughtheentiredealwasbilledasamergerofequals.AT&TCorp

AT&TCorp.,basedinSanAntonio,Texas,isthelargestproviderofbothlocalandlongdistancetelephoneservicesandwirelessserviceintheUnitedStates.AT&TCvidesvoice,video,data,andInternettelecommunicationsandprofessionalservicestobusinesses,consumers,andgovernmentagencies.In1877,AlexanderGrahamBell,theinventoroftelephone,createdtheNationalBellTelephoneCompany(renamedtheAmericanBellTelephoneCompanyin1880)withhisfinanciers.AlthoughBell'spatentonthetelephoneexpiredin1894,thecompany'smuchlargercustomerbasemadeitsservicemuchmorevaluablethanalternativesandsubstantialgrowthcontinued.

AT&TCorp

OnDecember30,1899,theAmericanTelephoneandTelegraphCompanyboughttheassetsofAmericanBell—thiswasbecauseMassachusettscorporatelawswereveryrestrictiveandlimitedcapitalizationtotenmilliondollars,forestallingthegrowthofAmericanBellitself.Duringitslonghistory,AT&Thadattimesbeentheworld'slargesttelephonecompany,theworld'slargestcabletelevisionoperator,andaregulatedmonopoly.Atitspeak,itemployedonemillionpeopleanditsrevenuewasroughly$300billionannuallyintoday'sdollars.

TextStudying☆

Structureofthetext☆LanguagepointsStructureAnalysis

Thearticleconsistsofthirteenparagraphs.Para.1and2:introducetwostudentswhospendalotoftimeontheircellphones.Para.3:Technologyrevolutionscomeintwoflavors:jarringlyfastandimperceptiblyslow.Para.4:introducesbrieflythehugenumberofcellphonesandtheimportantroletheyplayinourlives.Para.5Inonesense,cellphonesareturningtothenextcomputerwithmoreandmorecellphoneshavingcomputerlikefeatures.YetthereisacontroversyaboutwhethercellphoneswillreplacePCs.StructureAnalysis

Para.6:introducesasmartphone’smanufacturer,PalmOneanditsnewestproductTreo600.Para.7:dealswithsomeinformationaboutthesmart-phonesales.Para.8:InAsia,kidsarecrazyaboutcellphones,whichisthemajorimpetustothenewestinnovationsinthemobilemarket.Para.9ismainlyaboutthefunctionscellphonesmaydevelopinthefuture,accordingtosomeMobile-phonewatchers.Para.10:Hawkins’predictionofthepromiseofthemobilephoneStructureAnalysis

Para.11:DefendersofthePCarguetheprophecyiswrongthatcellphoneswilltakeadominantpositioninpeople’sliveswhilePCwillfadetothebackground.Para.12:Scientistsareworkingtosolvetheproblemthatthekeyboardofcellphonesissmallandthusinconvenientforusers.Para.13:dealswithsomeobstaclesforthedevelopmentofthemobileindustry.LanguagePoints

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WordsandExpressions☆

ExplanationofdifficultsentencesWordsandExpressions

popupphrvappearsuddenlyandunexpectedlyExamples★

Mushroomstendtopopupovernight.★

Afternoonehadheardfromhimforyears,Johnpoppedupintownagain.WordsandExpressionsintegraladj.essentialornecessaryforcompleteness

Examples★Steelisanintegralpartofamodernskyscraper.★Yourhelpisanintegralpartofourplan.WordsandExpressionseclipsevt.

make(sb.orsth.)appeardullbycomparison;outshine

Examples★

Sheisquiteeclipsedbyhercleveryoungersister.★

Itisanoutstandingperformancethateclipsed

thepreviousrecord.WordsandExpressionsprophecyn.StatementthattellswhatwillhappenExamples★

Hisprophecycametrue.★

Theteacher’sprophecythattheboywouldbecomeagreatnationalleaderwaslaterfulfilled.WordsandExpressionssoupsth.upphr.v.

improvesomethingbymakingitbigger,moreattractive,ormoreexciting

Examples★

Thecompanyworkedoutasoftwareprogramtosoupuptheofficee-mail.WordsandExpressionstakeholdtostarttohaveaneffectExamples★Thefeverwasbeginningtotakehold.ExplanationofdifficultsentencesP1That’snoteventhefullextentofhishabit.

ExplanationSpendinglonghourstalkingoverhiscellphoneisonlypartofwhatheuseshiscellphonefor.Explanationofdifficultsentences

P2…anantismokingmessagethatpopsuponhissmallscreeneachmorningaspartofaprogramtohelpstudentskickcigarettes.Explanation…anantismokingmessagethatappearsonhissmallscreeneachmorningaspartofaprogramtohelpstudentsgetridofsmoking.Explanationofdifficultsentences

P5Mobilephonesaresointegraltoourlivesthatit'sdifficulttorememberhowtheheckweevergotonwithoutthem.Explanation…Mobilephonesaresuchanessentialpartofourlivesthatit’shardtorememberwhatonearthourliveswerelikewithoutthem.Explanationofdifficultsentences

P5…84millionphoneswithdigitalcameraswereshippedlastyear.Explanation…,84millionphoneswithdigitalcamerasweredeliveredandavailableforpeopletobuy./producedandputonmarketforpeopletobuy.Explanationofdifficultsentences

P6PalmOneisamongthefirmsracingtotrotoutthefull-featuredcomputerlikephonesthattheindustrydubs“smartphones”.ExplanationPalmOneisoneofthefirmscompetingtoproducewhattheindustrycalls“smartphones”whichhaveallmajorfeaturesofcomputers.Unit11

YourNextComputerQuestionsfordiscussionDoyouthinkitpossibleforcellphonestoreplacecomputers?Why?Howdoyoufeelaboutsuchareplacement?Unit11

YourNextComputerAnswersKeyReadingcomprehension★1.B2.C3.C4.B5.D6.A7.B8.D9.A10.B

Vocabulary★A.1.B2.A3.C4.C5.D6.B7.C8.A9.D10.A★B.1.A2.A3.D4.D5.C6.C7.B8.B9.A10.DCloze★1.D2.D3.C4.C5.A6.B7.A8.B9.C10.DUnit11

YourNextComputerAnswersKey

Translation

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)也在改變著人們的生活方式。三月份，向來漠不關(guān)心的日本大學(xué)生們通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)組織了該國幾年來規(guī)模最大的示威游行之一，反對伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭。漢城女子商業(yè)中學(xué)的教室里裝滿了與網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的個(gè)人電腦終端機(jī)。位于遠(yuǎn)方的教師通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)講授諸如如何運(yùn)用企業(yè)資源策劃軟件等此類要留到學(xué)生畢業(yè)后的在職培訓(xùn)中才講授的內(nèi)容。Unit11

YourNextComputerAnswersKey

Translation

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

現(xiàn)在，日本正在開發(fā)全新的通訊方式。索尼公司正在探索“網(wǎng)絡(luò)”系統(tǒng)，用寬帶將成千上萬臺家庭計(jì)算機(jī)、游戲操作臺連成網(wǎng)絡(luò)。最終，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的一切設(shè)備將能夠利用其他設(shè)備，使每一臺計(jì)算機(jī)獲得一臺超級計(jì)算機(jī)的能力。如果日本和韓國的斷言──無處不在的高速通訊是增長的關(guān)鍵──是正確的，那么這一新的寬帶時(shí)代可能預(yù)示著亞洲黃金時(shí)代的到來。Unit11

YourNextComputerAnswersKey

Translation

B.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.

★1.Wecouldseethefullextentofthelakefromtheair.★2.Peoplehavebeendriventosuicidebyanxietiesforwhichtherewasreallynonecessity.★3.Toturndownaninvitationtoacocktailparty,heserveduptheexcusethathewasnotgoodatsmalltalk.

Unit11

YourNextComputerAnswersKey

Translation

B.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.

★

4.

Manyyoungpeoplesuccessfullyintegratedthemselvesintotheirnewsurroundings.

★5.Ithasbeenrathercostlytoinstallthemachine,butitshouldpayoffinthelongrun.

Fastreading

★1.B2.B 3.C 4.C 5.AUnit11

YourNextComputerResourcesformoreinformation★http://www.N★/wiki/Mobile_phoneMainMenuTranslationSkills名詞性從句的翻譯

名詞性wh-從句的翻譯

名詞性that-從句的翻譯在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(NounClauses)。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，因此名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句否定轉(zhuǎn)移的翻譯

Example

Tommayleaveittoustwo.

湯姆可以把這件事交給我們兩個(gè)。

ThisisMr.Zhou,directorofourhospital.

這是我們醫(yī)院院長周先生。

Sheseemeddifferentfromthemall.

她似乎和他們所有的人都不同。

ThistheorywasadvancedbyLiSiguang,afamousChinesegeologist.這一理論是由中國的一位著名的地質(zhì)學(xué)家李四光提出的。要點(diǎn)1．名詞或代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞等作同位語，一般與本位語譯在一起：Example

Thenarosethequestionwhereweweretogetthemachinesneeded.

這時(shí)就產(chǎn)生了這樣一個(gè)問題：我們到哪兒去找需要的機(jī)器。

Theyvisitedeightcities,forexample,LondonandParis.

他們訪問了八座城市，例如倫敦、巴黎。要點(diǎn)2．有些同位語結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜一些，如由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)，翻譯時(shí)一般譯在本位語之后，且要用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號（逗號或破折號）隔開。Example

Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.

我不知道你也在這兒。

Obviouslytherewaslittleprobabilitythat theywouldsucceed,buttheydidn’tmind.

很顯然他們成功的可能性極小，但是他們 不在意。要點(diǎn)3.在某些涵義需要進(jìn)一步說明的名詞（如idea,fact,news,hope,belief,thought,doubt等）后可用that從句作同位語，稱為同位語從句。翻譯時(shí)可譯成該名詞的定語。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，本身沒有詞義，例如：

Thatheisstillaliveissheerluck.

他還活著全靠運(yùn)氣。

JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondonon Wednesday.

約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。名詞性that-從句的翻譯

Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.

事實(shí)是近來誰也沒有見過他。

Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbs everyoneinhisoffice.

近來誰也沒有見過他，這一事實(shí)令辦公室所有的人不 安。That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末。

名詞性that-從句的翻譯Δ用it作先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯：(1)Itis＋名詞＋從句Itisafactthat…事實(shí)是…；

Itisanhonorthat…非常榮幸；Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常識(2)Itis＋形容詞＋從句Itisnaturalthat…很自然…；

Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…名詞性that-從句的翻譯(3)itis＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋從句Itseemsthat…似乎…；Ithappenedthat…碰巧…(4)it＋過去分詞＋從句Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道…；Ithasbeenprovedthat…已證實(shí)…名詞性that-從句的翻譯Wh-詞包括who,whom,.whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等連接代詞和where,when,how,why等連接副詞，例如：Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。Inone'sownhomeonecandowhatonelikes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。Theclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaprize.俱樂部將給得勝者設(shè)獎(jiǎng)。名詞性wh-從句的翻譯

MyquestioniswhowilltakeoverpresidentoftheFoundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。Shewillnamehimwhatevershewantsto.她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。I'mnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation.