Unit2 Using language（Grammar）課件-高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Unit2ExploringEnglish外研版（2019）英語(yǔ)必修一Usinglanguage(Grammar)010203DiscoveringtherulesStudyingtherulesApplyingtherules01

pineapple

basketball

pineapplebasketball01Discoveringtherulesbutterflybutterflymooncakemooncake01DiscoveringtherulesCanyoufindoutacommonfeatureofthesewords?…whethertherewashaminahamburger.Wecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting.Wecangetseasickatsea.Theyareinvisible.Discussion01Discoveringtherules

一種語(yǔ)言的詞匯絕不能看作是無(wú)生命的、完全的整體。詞匯是會(huì)通過(guò)其構(gòu)詞能力不斷地生成和再生成的。構(gòu)詞法（根據(jù)一定的規(guī)律構(gòu)成新單詞的方法）Compounding（合成）Conversion（轉(zhuǎn)化）Derivation（派生）Acronym（縮略）02StudyingtherulesCompounding（合成）createanewwordbycompoundingtwoormoreexistingwords(由兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞)＋＝＋＝02Studyingtherules(1)n.+n.:airconditioner（空調(diào)）；bloodpressure（血壓）(2)adj.+n.：centralbank（中央銀行）；fastfood（快餐）(3)v-ing.+n.：washingmachine（洗衣機(jī)）；drivinglicense（駕駛證）(4)n.+v-ing.：story-telling（講故事）；hand-writing（筆跡）(5)adv.+v.：outbreak（爆發(fā)）；output（產(chǎn)量）(6)v.+adv.：breakdown（故障）；feedback（反饋）1.合成名詞02Studyingtherules2.合成形容詞(1)詞尾為過(guò)去分詞或+ed:absent-minded（心不在焉的）；hand-made（手工的）(2)詞尾為現(xiàn)在分詞：good-looking（好看的）；easy-going（隨和的）(3)詞尾為形容詞：duty-free（免稅的）；homesick（想家的）3.合成動(dòng)詞overcome（戰(zhàn)勝）;undergo（經(jīng)歷）4.合成副詞whole-heartedly（全心全意地）;downstairs（在樓下）02StudyingtherulesFindtheCompoundingwordsinthereadingmaterialandgivethemeanings.Whilewe’redoingallthistravelling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.Andspeakingofhome,whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?seasick（暈船）;airsick（暈機(jī)）;carsick（暈車(chē)）;homesick（想家）;homework（家庭作業(yè)）;housework（家務(wù)事）【即學(xué)即練】02Studyingtheruleschangethepartofspeech（詞性）(改變單詞的詞性)Conversion（轉(zhuǎn)化）(1)動(dòng)詞名詞Lookatme.Letmehavealook.(2)名詞動(dòng)詞Openyourbook.Imustbooktheticket.(3)形容詞動(dòng)詞Ourclassroomisveryclean.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.(4)形容詞名詞(意義改變)Youareright.Citizenshavetherighttospeakfreely.02Studyingtherules請(qǐng)大家判斷詞性轉(zhuǎn)化類(lèi)型,然后翻譯句子(1)Letmehaveatry.(2)Youcould

shoulder

thetask.(3)Youshouldtryyourbesttobetteryourperformance.(4)Theyare

discussing

the

content

ofthe

story.v.-n.讓我來(lái)試一試。n.-v.你可以承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。adj.-v.你應(yīng)該盡最大努力讓自己有更好的表現(xiàn)。adj.-n.他們正在討論這個(gè)故事的內(nèi)容?！炯磳W(xué)即練】02StudyingtherulesDerivation派生byaddingaprefixor(and)asuffix(在詞根上加上前、后綴構(gòu)成另外一個(gè)詞)unemployment單詞=前綴詞根后綴改變?cè)~義詞的本意改變?cè)~性02StudyingtherulesPrefix-前綴by-inter-mid-under-1.表示否定的前綴：dis-il-im-ir-in-un-2.表示空間位置，方向的前綴：02StudyingtherulesPrefix-前綴ex-foremid-post-3.表示比較程度差別關(guān)系的前綴：extra-over-super-under…4.表示時(shí)間的前綴：5.表示重復(fù)的前綴：re-6.表示動(dòng)化的前綴：en-02Studyingtherules1.表示否定意義前綴：Prefix-前綴dis-in-il-im-ir-mis-non-un-convenient→inconvenient(不方便的)legal→illegal(不合法的)possible→impossible(不可能的)responsible→irresponsible(不負(fù)責(zé)的)ability→disability(無(wú)能力;殘疾)understand→misunderstand（誤解）profit→non-profit（非營(yíng)利的）certain→uncertain（不確定的）02StudyingtherulesPrefix-前綴by-“附近，鄰近”road→byroad（側(cè)道）under-“在......下面”ground→underground（地鐵）inter-“在……間，相互”national→international（國(guó)際的）mid-“中間”night→midnight（午夜）,autumn→mid-autumn（中秋）re-“又,再”arrange→rearrange（重新安排）en-“使......”able→enable（使能夠）pre-“前”war→pre-war（戰(zhàn)前的）post-“后”war→post-war（戰(zhàn)后的）2.表示空間位置，方向關(guān)系的前綴4.表示其他意義3.表示時(shí)間02Studyingtherulesadvantagesensitivemorallogicalreversible(可逆的）necessarydisadvantage不利的insensitive不敏感的immoral不道德的illogical無(wú)邏輯的irreversible不可逆的unnecessary沒(méi)有必要的給以下單詞加上前綴并猜測(cè)詞義【即學(xué)即練】02StudyingtherulesSuffix-后綴-er:design→designer（設(shè)計(jì)者）-or:act→actor（演員）-ee:employ→employee（雇員）-ist:art→artist（藝術(shù)家）-ian:music→musician（音樂(lè)家）-ant:assist→assistant（助手）-ess:god→goddess(女神)-ness:careless→carelessness（粗心）-ment:achieve→achievement（成就）-dom:free→freedom（自由）-tion:attract→attraction（吸引力）-ance:accept→acceptance（接受）-ence:depend→dependence（依賴(lài)）-ture:mix→mixture（混合，混合物）-y:recover→recovery（恢復(fù),痊愈）2.其他名詞后綴02StudyingtherulesSuffix-后綴-able:avoid→avoidable（可避免的）-tive:attract→attractive(有吸引力的)-al:nation→national（民族的）-(i)ous:danger→dangerous（危險(xiǎn)的）-ful:help→helpful（有幫助的）-less:care→careless（粗心的）-some:trouble→troublesome(有麻煩的)-ial:influence→influential(有影響力的)4.動(dòng)詞后綴-en:sharp→sharpen（使尖銳）-fy:simple→simplify（使簡(jiǎn)化）-ize:modern→modernize（使現(xiàn)代化）5.副詞后綴-ly:happy→happily（高興地）-s:indoor→indoors（在室內(nèi)）-ward(s):toward（趨向）02Studyingtherules找出段落中的派生詞并猜測(cè)詞義Thegesture“thumb-up”iscommonlymisinterpreted.InEnglish,itispopularlyknownas‘thumbsup’,despitethefactthattheactioniscommonlyperformedwithonlyonehand.English-speakingCaucasiansuseittosignal‘OK’,whichisthesamemeaningasO.K.ringgesture.Tmonly通常地；misinterpret誤解；popularly流行地；action動(dòng)作；interchangeably可交換地【即學(xué)即練】02StudyingtherulesAcronym（縮略）Awordformedfromthefirstlettersofthewordsthatmakeupthenameofsth.（縮略法，即將單詞縮寫(xiě)，詞義和詞性保持不變）WorldHealthOrganization→WHOInformationTechnology→ITtelephone→phoneaeroplane→plane2.截頭縮略1.首字母縮略examination→examlaboratory→lab3.去尾縮略02StudyingtherulesMatchthewordsinboldtothetypesofwordformation.1.changingthepartofspeech（詞性）2.addingaprefix（前綴）orsuffix（后綴）3.abbreviating（縮略）4.combiningtwoormorewordsa.Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.b....sculptasculpturec.Whenwe…seerain…wecansay“itraining”…d.WHO【即學(xué)即練】03Studyingtherulesrain(形容詞)________agree(反義)__________nation(形容詞)_______farm(人)__________recent(副詞)________friend(形容詞)________hope(形容詞)_______job(形容詞)_________visit(名詞)__________access(形容詞)________eight(八十)________true(名詞)___________kind(名詞)_______China(形容詞)________1.按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫(xiě)下列單詞rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreightykindnessdisagreefarmerfriendlyjoblessaccessibletruthChinese03ApplyingtherulesPractice(II)用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空：HarryPotterisaboywhoisfullof________________(imagine)___________________(congratulate)!Youhavedonesowellinthegame.Ireceivedaletterof________________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.Hislate____________(arrive)madeamessofourplan.Tothe_________________(amaze)oftheparents,theirchildcanlookafterhimselfwithouttheirhelp.Hedidexerciseto______________