醬獨(dú)家地道表達(dá)法

地道表達(dá)法（31期HefailedtogeectedcontrarytoourIfyoufailtodosomethingthatyouweretryingtodo,youareunabletotordonotsucceedinngit.而如果某一事實(shí)contrariesto某種觀點(diǎn)、想法，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)確鑿，而該觀點(diǎn)是錯誤的。Ifyousaythatsomethingistruecontrarytootherpeople'sbeliefsoropinions,youareemphasizingthatitistrueandthattheyarewrong.Ifonlyyouwerehere,Icouldconsultyouabout這兩個短語看起來很像，用法卻有很多不同。簡單地說，onlyif引導(dǎo)的是限制性條件狀語從句，有增強(qiáng)主句語勢的作用，強(qiáng)調(diào)“只有”；ifonly引導(dǎo)的條件句，通常用來表示說話人的強(qiáng)一定很好。比如一條接一條發(fā)，只是為了責(zé)備對方?jīng)]有回。Youuseifonlywithpasttensestointroducewhatyouthinkisafairlygoodreasonforngsomething,althoughyourealizeitmaynotbeaverygoodone.Youuseifonlytoexpressawishordesire,especiallyonethatcannotbeI'mafraidthatyouhavetoworkworkovertimetowinthegameIfyousaythatsomeoneisworkinertimetodosomething,youmeanthattheyareusingalotofenergy,effort,orenthusiasmtryingtot.HeexhibitedanumberofbehaviorstypicalofhisAnumberof指“若干，許多”，類似的還可以用到atyof，alotof，lotsof等等。Ifthereareanumberofthingsorpeople,thereareseveralofthem.Ifthereareanynumberofthingsorpeople,thereisalargetyofthem.“That’stypicalofhim.”Ifaparticularactionorfeatureistypicalofsomeoneorsomething,itshowstheirusualqualitiesorcharacteristics.Thebeautifulisnotalwaysthesameasthe在某些方面非常相像。如果AishappeningthesameasB，則指A與B類似或完全相同?？梢杂眠@個短語。比如前面說去了某地，而我也去過，就可以說“Itwasthesamewithme.”thesamewith還可用于倒裝，即，“Withme,itwastheIftwoormorethings,actions,orqualitiesarethesame,orifoneisthesameasanother,theyareverylikeeachotherinsomeway.地道表達(dá)法（32期I'manxioustoknowtheresultsofthebloodbeanxioustodosomething指急于做某事，或迫切希望某事發(fā)生，一般強(qiáng)調(diào)對結(jié)果感到焦慮beeager/dying/longingtodosomethingyearnforsomething，都表示非?？释?，其中，beeagerto是因巨大的熱情渴望實(shí)現(xiàn)或達(dá)到目的，含有積極向上的意義，有時也指因?yàn)槠渌榫w而急不可耐，bedyingto程度更甚；yearnfor則有向往之意，通常是求而不得，比如渴望。Ifyouareanxioustodosomethingoranxiousthatsomethingshouldhappen,youverymuchwanttotorverymuchwantittohappen.Whenwillthismachinebesetinmotion就是指啟動。表示“在中，在使用中”還可以用inoperation。除了詞組，一些單詞也可以表示“啟動，）”，如set，power，launch，start。Ifaprocessoreventisinmotion,itishappening.Ifitissetinmotion,itishappeningorbeginningtohappen.Thelittleboyheldaclusterofflowersinhishand,lookingwrylyAclusterofpeopleorthingsisasmallgroupofthemclose英語中表示“一群”的用法很多，比如，用于修飾人的有agroupof，指一群人，有組合的意思；acompanyof指為了某種目的而聚在一起的一群人；athrongof指一大群人，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量多；atribeof指同類或同一職業(yè)的一群人，含貶義。aherdof，指一起吃食或行走的獸群；alitterof指一胎所生的小獸，比如一窩小狗；acloudof指飛行在空中的一群小東西，比如一群。有的量詞即可修飾人，也可修飾物，比如原句中的aclusterof，是一小群；apackof指一伙人，一群狼或狗，含貶義；atroopof尤指行進(jìn)中的一群人或動物。Icannotaffordtobuyausedcar,muchlessanewCannotafford表示“買不起，負(fù)擔(dān)不起”。Afford也可指承受，cannotafford(todosomethingIfyoucannotaffordsomething,youdonothaveenoughmoneytopayforCannotafford是沒錢買，如果是說“入不敷出”，可以說cannotmake(both)endsmeet，Ifsomeoneislivingbeyondtheirmeans,theyarespendingmoremoneythantheycanafford.Ifsomeoneislivingwithintheirmeans,theyarenotspendingmoremoneythantheycanafford.less進(jìn)行替換。平時可能更常用到letalone或者nottospeak/mention，needlesstosayYouusetheexpressionsstillless,muchless,andevenlessafteranegativestatementinordertointroduceandemphasizeafurtherstatement,andtomakeitnegativetoo.Withrestrictionsremoved,thousandsofnewenterpriseshavecomeintoBeingisexistence.Somethingthatisinbeingorcomesintobeing地道表達(dá)法（33期TheQueenawardedaknighthoodtohiminacknowledgementofhisservicestotheawardsomethingtosomeone指“授予，頒發(fā)，打分”，也可以用形式來表達(dá)，someoneisawardedsomething。這個短語還可指“給予，判給”，比如將合同給了某家公司，awardthecontracttoacompany。reward和award均表示，那么兩者有什么區(qū)別呢？reward指對品德高尚和勤勞之人給予的，也可以指為某事付酬金；award則側(cè)重指的，或經(jīng)正式研究決定對有功或優(yōu)勝者給予的。Ifsomeoneisawardedsomethingsuchasaprizeoranexaminationmark,itisgiventothem.分時間都在擔(dān)任某一職務(wù)，就可以說“mostofsomeone'sserviceinsomewherehasbeensomething”,而表示共事，也可以說“theyhaveaXXyears'servicebetweenthem”Ifyourefertosomeone'sserviceorservicestoaparticularorganizationoractivity,youmeanthattheyhavedonealotofworkforitorspentalotoftheirtimeonit.Whatdoesyourremarkhavetodowiththesubjectwearetalkingnothingtodowith，或者nothaveanythingtodowith。berelatedto等等。to表示“必須，不得不”，dowith表示“處理，利用，湊合”，比如：“我買不起新車，只好湊合著用這輛二手的”，Ihavetodowiththeused-car,becauseIcannotaffordanewone.talkabout指“談?wù)?，議論”talkon來替換。還有一個短語表示“談起，提到”speakofIfyoutalkonoraboutsomething,youmakeaninformalspeechlingpeoplewhatyouknoworthinkaboutit.Couldyoudropmeoffatthe你能讓我在館下車嗎？dropoff指“在中途放下”，或“在中途卸下某物”，通常是用車或其他交通工具載人或運(yùn)此外，dropoff還可指“打瞌睡，睡著”dropoff，比如銷量，則指“減退，Ifyoudropsomeoneorsomethingsomewhere,youtakethemsomewhereandleavethemthere,usuallyinacarorothervehicle.Distrustofpeople,nottomentionhate,istherootofhumanmentioning。此外，還可以用letalone，tosaynothingof來表達(dá)。Youusenottomentionwhenyouwanttoaddextrainformationwhichemphasizesthepointthatyouaremaking.重于事物的或由來，也指人的出身。Youcanrefertothecauseofaproblemorofanunpleasantsituationastherootofitortherootsofit.Theyhavedecidedtosticktotheoriginalplanafter 也會用到insiston，這兩個短語的區(qū)別在于，insiston表示堅持要求， 除此以外，stickto還可指“緊隨，緊跟”，比如沿著熟悉的路走，sticktotheroadsweknow；ithardtosticktoadietforlong，當(dāng)然這樣的減肥方式對身體不好，小編并不提倡！stickto也可以指“遵守、遵循”規(guī)則，比如照章辦事，就可以說sticktotherules。Ifyousticktosomething,youcontinueng,using,saying,ortalkingaboutit,ratherthanchangingtosomethingelse.地道表達(dá)法（34期Intheabsenceofsufficientproof,thecouldnotindict沒有足夠的，不能他Theabsenceofsomethingfromaplaceisthefactthatitisnotthereordoesnot表示缺乏時，還可以用到shortage，scarcity和want。通常比較熟悉want作為“想要，希望，打算”的用法，但作名詞時，want也可指“極度貧困”，awantofsomething指“缺Wantisthestateofbeingextremelyabsence，lack，shortage，scarcitywant都能表示“不足，缺乏”，但這幾個詞有什么區(qū)別呢？首先，absence指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或者未到場；lack是普通用詞，指部分或完全不足；shortage側(cè)重指達(dá)不到規(guī)定的、需要的或已知應(yīng)有的數(shù)量；scarcity指產(chǎn)量不足或缺乏某物，以致難以應(yīng)付或滿足需求；wantlack窄一些，側(cè)重指缺Hegetsanumberofperquisites,overandabovehisanumberof表示“若干，一些”，而表示“許多”anynumberofagood/hugenumberofanumberofthenumberof弄混，前者的謂語動詞用復(fù)Ifthereareanumberofthingsorpeople,thereareseveralofthem.Ifthereareanynumberthingsorpeople,thereisalargetyofoverabove均可表示位置和高度，表示在垂直的正上方時可以通用。如果是在上方但不XXXfeetabovesealevelover，橋梁這種有橫跨或越過之意的也是用over，abridgeovertheriver，而表示在數(shù)量、速度、上表示“高于，多于”，則均需使用over。Overandaboveanamount,especiallyanormalamount,meansmorethanthatamountorinadditiontoit.Weshouldconfinethediscussiontothequestionatconfinesomethingtosomething指“限制，限定”，后面可接某一地區(qū)，表示為防止擴(kuò)散蔓延而限定，如將控制在某地區(qū)，就是confinetheepidemictothearea。如果confineToconfinesomethingtoaparticularplaceorgroupmeanstopreventitfromspreadingbeyondthatplaceorgroup.atissue表示“爭論中的，中的”，也可以用inquestion，表示“被提及的，相關(guān)的，ThequestionorpointatissueisthequestionorpointthatisbeingarguedaboutorStresscanhaveanenormousnegativeimpactonyourhaveanimpactonsomething指“對……有影響，對……造成沖擊”。impact也可以用作動詞，表表示影響時，還可以用effect，affect，influence，impress等。這幾個詞的區(qū)別在于，的潛移默化的影響，也可以指自然力的影響；而impress強(qiáng)調(diào)影響既深刻又持久。TheTheimpactthatsomethinghasonasituation,process,thatithasonisasuddenandpowerfulWehavetogobythegoby在本句中指“遵循，遵照”，比如“照我說的做”，gobywhatIsaid。表示“遵循”時，with等。goby還可指時間“流逝”，“過去”，astimegoesby/withthepassageoftimeIfyougobysomething,youuseitasabasisforajudgmentor地道表達(dá)法（35期Thenamesofthestudentswhofailedintheexaminationwerepostedonthebulletinfail在本句中指“不及格”test，examination，course等；相對的，考試及someonefailsyouinatest/examination/course，則表示“使不及格，評定……不及格”。表示“參加考試”時，美式英語中用takeanexam，英式英語中則用sitanexam。Ifsomeonefailsatest,examination,orcourse,theyperformbadlyinitanddonotreachthestandardthatisrequired.bulletinboard指“公告欄，布告牌”，用于張貼公文、告示等提示性內(nèi)容，在美式英語中則用notic 也就是常說的BBS了。Abulletinboardisaboardwhichisusuallyattachedtoawallinordertodisplaynoticesgivinginformationaboutsomething.dcomearoundinalittle還可以用到revive，regainconsciousness，cometo等。comearound/round還可指“拜訪，探訪”，如comearoundtosomeone'shouse，登門拜訪；也指“改變觀點(diǎn)，改變看法（以接受）”，如comearoundtoourwayofthinking，同意的思路；或者“（按照預(yù)期）發(fā)生，再度出現(xiàn)”，如wintercomesaround，冬天又來了。Whensomeonewhoisunconsciouscomesaround esround,theyrecoverconsciousness.ina(little)while指“一會兒，”，類似的表達(dá)還有很多，比如dosomethingalittle，不是指做一點(diǎn)，而是“短時間地，一會兒地”，比如散一會兒步，walkalittle；in/foraninstant表AwhileisaperiodofIwasburnedupbywhatheuptheforest.”，那片森林被大火燒光了；或是“消耗，耗費(fèi)”burnupthefat，即指消Ifsomethingburnsuporiffireburnsitup,itiscompleydestroyedbyfireorstrongIknowofhim,butIdon'tknowhimknowof表示“聽，略有耳聞”，類似的還有hearof，表示“聽……）；（對……）有hearofwon'thearofsomeonengsomething，比如“Iwanttobeanactor,butDadwon'thearofit.”，表示的是“不同意，不允許”。Ifyousaythatyouknowofsomething,youmeanthatyouhaveheardaboutitbutyoudonotnecessarilyhavealotofinformationaboutit.know比較常用作“知道，了解”，如果后接，則指“認(rèn)識，熟識”，可能以前就見過面或Ifyouknowsomeone,youarefamiliarwiththembecauseyouhavemetthemandtalkedtothembefore.Pleaseturndownthevolumealittlebit Whenyouturndownaradio,heater,orotherpieceofequipment,youreducetheamountofsoundorheatbeingproduced,byadjustingthecontrols.abit指“稍微”，用于more或less前面，表示稍微多（或少）一點(diǎn)；也可以用于某種觀點(diǎn)，如“Sheisabitstrange.”，表示“稍微，有點(diǎn)兒”，可以讓句子顯得不那么偏激或。Youuseabitbefore'more'or'less'tomeanasmallamountmoreorasmallamountAbitmeanstoasmallextentordegree.Itissometimesusedtomakeastatementless地道表達(dá)法（36期Thelasueofthemagazinewillcomeoutnextissue在本句中指報刊、雜志的“期，號，版次”，表示最近一期可以說thela 刊”則可說theMayissue。做動詞時，issue也可表示“，發(fā)布”。雜志的出刊周期大都分為：、雙、半、旬刊、、雙、季刊、年刊。其中，用weekly，旬刊用periodical，雙用bimonthly，季刊用quarterly，而年刊就是Anissueofsomethingsuchasamagazineornewspaperistheversionofitthatispublished,forexample,inaparticularmonthoronaparticularday.presspressWhenanewproductsuchasabookorCDcomesout, esavailabletotheThefactswillbeknownindueinduetime/course均指attherighttime，即“適時地，在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。類似的還可以用theapology.”，他如愿得到了道歉。Ifyousaythatsomethingwillhappenortakeplaceinduecourse,youmeanthatyoucannotmakeithappenanyquickeranditwillhappenwhenthetimeisrightforit.Atonetime,peoplewouldnothavehesitatedtolightupacigaretteinstations,restaurants,orhospitalwaitingrooms.atonetime指“一度，曾經(jīng)”，類似的還可以用once或onceuponatime是感覺分開看還好，放在一起就弄不清楚了？來簡單區(qū)分一下：每次”講時常用于“數(shù)詞+atatime”結(jié)構(gòu)中，比如“Taketwopillsatatime.”，一次吃兩顆藥；atonetime指“曾經(jīng)”；atthetime則指“那時”，比如“Shewasstillwithhimatthetime.”，那時他Ifyousaythatsomethingwasthecaseatonetime,youmeanthatitwasthecaseduringaparticularperiodinthepast.hesitatetodosomethingdonothesitatetodounhesitatingly，straightaway，rightoffthebatIfyouhesitatetodosomething,youdelayngitorareunwillingtot,usuallybecauseyouarenotcertainitwouldberight.Ifyoudonothesitatetodosomething,youtimmediay.light是光，lightup就是發(fā)光，“照亮，點(diǎn)亮”，比如煙火會照亮夜空。如果是說的臉或acigarette，香煙發(fā)光了，當(dāng)然是因?yàn)楸稽c(diǎn)燃了，也就是“點(diǎn)煙，開始吸煙”。這樣說是不是Ifyoulightup,youmakeacigarette,cigar,orpipestartburningandyoustartsmokingWewouldwriteoutthedirections,incaseyougot可以互相替換，比如“開支票”，write(out)acheque。此外，writeout也可指“寫出（篇幅較長的報告或）”，比如“writeouttheapplicationform”，指填寫表格，而不是做表格。writtenout了，指使系列劇中的人物不再出場。Whenyouwriteoutsomethingfairlylongsuchasareportoralist,youwriteitonthat，soasnotto，lest等。incase還可用于表示不耐煩地陳述顯而易見或與聽話人無關(guān)的事情，“竟然，難道，假使”?？雌饋肀容^復(fù)雜，舉個例子就好懂了，比如“Incaseyoudidn'tnotice.”你連這個都沒看出來？或者“Incaseyou'rewondering.”，要是你想知道的話。Ifyoudosomethingincaseorjustincaseaparticularthinghappens,youtbecausethatthingmighthappen.Youuseincaseinexpressionslike'incaseyoudidn'tknow'or'incaseyou'veforgotten'whenyouarelingsomeoneinaratherirritatedwaysomethingthatyouthinkiseitherobviousornoneoftheirbusiness.地道表達(dá)法（37期Withoutyourhelp,wewouldn'tbeabletocarryoutourbeableto指“能夠，可以”，在本句中指客觀可能，有足夠的、權(quán)利、時間、財力等，abletoprepareasimplemeal.”她會做一頓簡單的飯菜。示實(shí)際做了某事。放在本句中來說就是“Wewereabletocarryoutourplanwithyourhelp.”在可表示做某事有較大的可能性，比如“Shewasquitecapableoffallingasleep.”她很容易睡著。able和capable用于形容人時均表示“有能力的，能力強(qiáng)的”。Ifyouareabletodosomething,youhaveenoughfreedom,power,time,ormoneytocarryout指“實(shí)行，執(zhí)行”，也常會用到perform，conduct，plish，implement，fulfil等。其中，carryout側(cè)重實(shí)行或照辦；perform和conduct比較正式，表示完成較大、較復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，conduct還含有指導(dǎo)、、監(jiān)督的意思；plish表示成功，強(qiáng)調(diào)完成的結(jié)果而不是過程；implement強(qiáng)調(diào)確保計劃被執(zhí)行；fulfil指履行所許諾的、所期望Ifyoucarryoutathreat,task,orinstruction,youtoractaccordingtoTheThegardenisseparatedfromtheroadbyaseparatefrom也可以表示“分開的，單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)立的”，如aseparateroom，一個單獨(dú)的房間。如果是人與人之間的聯(lián)系中斷了，比如“Sheseparatedwithherhusband.”，表示她與丈夫“分居”，而“Idon'twanttoseparatefromhim.”，我不想和他“分開”，表示的就是與家人等分離separatefrom還可以表示“區(qū)分，分辨”，比如要separaegendfromtruth，就是將傳說和事實(shí)區(qū)別開來。這其中一定會有某種因素幫助作出判斷，也就是afactorthatseparateslegendfromtruth，使和事實(shí)“得以區(qū)分”的那個因素。Ifyouseparatepeopleorthingsthathavebeenconnected,orifoneseparatesfromanother,theconnectionbetweenthemisended.You'dbettergetgoingnowincaseyoumissthegetng表示迅速開始做某事，比如getmoving/going/working，表示讓馬上行動起來/Youcanusegetinexpressionslikegetmoving,getgoing,andgetworkingwhenyouwanttolpeopletobeginmoving,going,orworkingquickly.notice.”你連這個都沒看出來？或者“Incaseyou'rewondering.”，要是你想知道的話。Ifyoudosomethingincaseorjustincaseaparticularthinghappens,youtbecausethatthingmighthappen.Mybusinesshasatlastgottenontherightend，lastly，lastofall等等。則通常置于句首或動詞之前。finally還可用于表示一連串事情的最后一件。表示某事經(jīng)歷了較長的時間或過程后發(fā)生，則用in ，比如“Thegothimintheend.”，終于抓到了他。lastly用于談?wù)撘贿B串人或事物的最后一個或一件。lastofall則Ifyousaythatsomethinghashappenedatlastoratlonglastyoumeanithashappenedafteryouhavebeenhoforitforalongtime.ontherighttrack表示“循著正確的路線，在正確的道”，相對的，表示在錯誤的道則用onthewrongtrack。Ifyouareontherighttrack,youareactingorprogressinginawaythatislikelytoresultinsuccess.Ifyouareonthewrongtrack,youareactingorprogressinginawaythatislikelytoresultinfailure.地道表達(dá)法（38期Thelawsuitislikelytoendinourprone，liable等等。其中，liable表示極可能發(fā)生，表“傾向”時，一般指不太好的方面，“有……/傾向的，可能……的”，比如容易患抑郁癥，liabletodepression；beapttodo的“傾向”源于對或losehistemper，表示“易于……的，有……傾向的”；bepronetosomething也是指有不好的傾向，比如容易緊張，pronetonerves，表示易于受到影響或做某事。likely是“可能的”，表示“可能性”thelikelihoodofsomething，“……的可能性”，其中l(wèi)ikelihood還可以指某事有可能發(fā)生，somethingisalikelihood，“可能的事”。如果是極有可能，十有呢？則可以用到inalllikelihood。Ifsomeoneorsomethingislikelytodoaparticularthing,theywillveryprobably如果你說某事或某種情勢endinaparticularway，表示其以某種特定的方式“告終/收場”。而某物endwith/inaparticularthing，則指某物最后部分或尖端有什么東西，這樣說是不是很難懂？舉個例子來看一下：Itslegendsinalargeclaw.它的腿上有只巨大的爪子。Ifasituationoreventendsinaparticularway,ithasthatparticularHisHisresearchrankswiththebestofthe除了rankwith，還可以用place來表示“名列”，比如在班級第三就是placethirdin賽中“使獲得第……名，使名列”。需要注意的是，在美式英語中，beplaced常指獲得亞軍。Ifyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingrankswithagroupoffamouspeopleorthings,youmeanthattheyareextremelygoodandshouldbeincludedinthatgroup.Thisvitaminboostsyourimmunesystemfromimmune還可表示“免除的，豁免的”，比如免于，immunefromprosecution，這里也可也就是diplomaticimmunity。某種疾病，則可用immunizeagainst。Yourimmunesystemconsistsofalltheorgansandprocessesinyourbodywhichprotectyoufromillnessandinfection.TomconvertedabouthalfofhisyenintodollarsandtheotherhalfintoIfonethingisconvertedorconvertsintoanother,itischangedintoadifferenttheother表示兩個中的“另一個”，也可以用作代詞，文有所指的情況下表示另一個。比withachickeninonehandandaduckintheother。比如,Emmaisonherwaythere,withtheothers.艾瑪和其他人正在去那兒的。theothertheotherone。當(dāng)談?wù)摂?shù)個人或事物中剩余的部分時，通常用theothers。Youusetheothertorefertothesecondoftwothingsorpeoplewhentheidentityoftheisalreadyknownorunderstood,orhasalreadybeenmentioned.Onlytheonemostresponsivetochangecanbesurvivedfromnaturalresponsive在此處指“反映迅速的，積極響應(yīng)的”，主語可以是人也可以是物；responsive也Ifsomeoneorsomethingisresponsivetheyreactquicklyandfavourably.naturalselection也就是生物的自然選擇，適者生存，優(yōu)勝劣汰。Naturalselectionisaprocessbywhichspeciesofanimalsandplantsthatarebestadaptedtotheirenvironmentsurviveandreproduce,whilethosethatarelesswelladapteddieout.地道表達(dá)法（39期Theyfindithardtoexercisewhiletheyareonafind指“發(fā)覺，”，這里用到了一個句型：findit+n./adj.+todosomething。當(dāng)不定式find，think，feel，consider等動詞的賓語，且有名詞或形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，需要用itTheyfind(thatitishardto。在這一句型中，如果賓補(bǔ)為“nouse”ngsomething：finditnousengsomething。比如，Ifeelitnouselosingweightbygoingonadiet.我覺得靠節(jié)食減肥沒什么用。Ifyoufindthatsomethingisthecase, eawareofitorrealizethatitisthebeonadietbedieting。dietdrink/food則指低Ifyouareonadiet,youeatspecialkindsoffoodoryoueatlessfoodthanusualbecauseyouaretryingtoloseweight.ThisThismeanschargingafeeforthewateritselfaswellasforthesupplyaswellasaswell都表示“也，還”個詞組也可用于表示同級比較，意指兩者“一樣好”。aswell常用作狀語，表示“也，又”，通常放在句尾；在口語中，aswell也可放在句中，表示“也好，也行”或者“倒不如”，用來緩和Youuseaswellaswhenyouwanttomentionanotheritemconnectedwiththesubjectyouare'shumanpopulationhasgrownoutof們也可以用losecontrolof或者getoutofhand。runwild也指失控，但側(cè)重指小孩子恣意妄為，失去控制，比如常說的熊孩子，或者事無法控制，比如暢銷書一打響，arunawaybest-seller。Ifsomethingisoutofcontrol,no-onehasanypoweroverQualityandpricearecloselyrelatedtoeachberelatedto表示“與……有關(guān)的，”也可以說“Qualityandpricerelate.”或者“Qalityrelatestohavesomethingtodowith，beconnectedwith，inconnectionto等等。其中相較于其他的表達(dá)，bealliedto多指“與事物相關(guān)或在性質(zhì)上有因果聯(lián)系Iftwoormorethingsarerelated,thereisaconnectionbetweenother指兩者，oneanother指三者或三者以上，但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中兩者?；Q使用。Youuseeachotherwhenyouaresayingthateaemberofagroupdoessomethingtotheothersorhasaparticularconnectionwiththeothers.Interalrelationshipsareindispensabletopeople'ssocialwell- ingindispensabletohim.”需要注意的是，這里是后者離不開前者，可以這么看，對他而言越來越不可或缺，也就是他越來越離不開了。的意思；necessary是一般用語，強(qiáng)調(diào)不可避免，但并非絕不可缺少。Ifyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingisindispensable,youmeanthattheyareabsoluyessentialandotherpeopleorthingscannotfunctionwithoutthem.地道表達(dá)法（40期Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortand述為：Fashiondesignersrarelyconcernthemselveswithvitalthingslike...concern也可以表示“關(guān)于，涉及”，比如，“這本書講的是污染對健康的影響”，就可以表述為：Thebookconcernsitselfwith/isconcernedwiththeeffectsofpollutiononhealth.Ifyouconcernyourselfwithsomething,yougiveitattentionbecauseyouthinkthatitisExcessiveconcernwithsafetycanbe 前一句講了beconcernedwithconcernconcern用作名詞，concerntoyou，這個短語也可表示某事對而言非常重要，或有利害關(guān)系。Someone'sconcernwithsomethingistheirfeelingthatitisBusinessnewscanappearineveryother可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)，表示一組人或事物中“其余的，剩下的”ineveryothercountry，在其他takepillsatintervalsthroughoutthedayatparticularintervals，則表示“以……的間可說“Thetreesstoodatregularintervalsalongtheroad.”Ifsomethinghappens,forexample,everyotherdayoreveryothermonth,thereisadayormonthwhenitdoesnothappenbetweeneachdayormonthwhenithappens.Mosteducatorsobjectedtohisobjectto較常見的用法是“，不贊成”，此外也可表示“不喜歡”，比如“Iamobjecttothe表示“”時，還常用到oppose，resist，,against等。object指表示出對某事的不贊同或；而oppose除了，還有阻撓之意；resist則表示拒不接受，；是公然表示、提出；against可表示因覺得某個計劃、政策、制度是錯誤的，所，也可指“，反抗”，比如對的種族，racismagainstimmigrantsSometraditionsaretoosacredtomessYoucandescribesomethingassacredwhenitisregardedastooimportanttobechangedorinterferedwith.messwith表示“，與……有牽連，卷入”，如果你告訴不要messwithsomethingorsomeone，就是在警告對方，不要和或某事攪在一起，不要他人。表示“，干擾”時，還可以用到interferein/with，meddlewith或者tamperwith。其中，meddleinterfere指干預(yù)與自己毫不相關(guān)的事或不屬于自己職責(zé)范圍的事，側(cè)重指無權(quán)或未獲允許而妨礙、阻擾、他人之事；tamper則指“干預(yù)，篡改”，比如電腦動過手腳，就可以說Thecomputerhadbeentamperedwith.Ifyoulsomeonenottomesswithaorthing,youarewarningthemnottogetinvolvedwiththatorthing.地道表達(dá)法（41期Itcameassomethingofasurprisewhenheannounced在itcameasasurprise/shock這樣的表達(dá)中，come意指“讓人……”，用于表示對某事的Youusecomeinexpressionssuchasitcameasasurprisewhenindicatinga 'sreactiontosomethingthathappens.somethingof表示“有點(diǎn)兒，有幾份”，常用于口語中，類似的有kindof，somewhat。后接某種職業(yè)時，這個詞組表示“堪稱，算得上”，比如somethingofanartist，表示“堪稱藝術(shù)家”。Ifyousaythatathingissomethingofadisappointment,youmeanthatitisquitedisappointing.Ifyousaythata issomethingofanartist,youmeanthattheyarequitegoodatart.MostchildrenwillturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitched是turntheirattentiontoreading。如果是turntosomeone，指求助或求教于；如果后接某種特定的活動、工作或者做事Ifyouturnyourattentionorthoughtstoaparticularsubjectorifyouturntoit,youstartthinkingaboutitordiscussingit.switchoff指“關(guān)掉，關(guān)上”，比如關(guān)燈、關(guān)電視。那大家知道汽車停車熄火用這個怎么表達(dá)嗎？可以說switchtheengineoff。learntoswitchoffIfyouswitchoffalightorotherelectricaldevice,youstopitworkingbyoperatingaRichpeopleinBritainhavebeenhuntingfoxestoshowofftheir這個句子用到了一個語法，havebeennghave3杯水，就應(yīng)該說“Ihavedrunkthreecupsofwatertoday.”showoff就是“炫耀，賣弄”showoff是含有貶義的，這里炫耀、賣弄的可能是比如男生秀腹肌，就可以說showofftheirabs，這是在顯擺自己的所有物，比意無意露如果somethingshowsomethingelseoff，則指“襯托，使顯得更漂亮、迷人”。如果腰很細(xì)，穿収腰的衣服就可以更顯腰身，也就是showoffsomeone'stinywaist。Ifyousaythatsomeoneisshowingoff,youarecriticizingthemfortryingtoimpresspeoplebyshowingi yobviouswaywhattheycandoorwhattheyown.Memorydependstoacertainextentonthedependon表示“依賴，取決于”，在本句中，“Memorydependsontheenvironment.”，也就是說是受，或取決于環(huán)境的。dependon也可指為了謀生，或者因情感需求，而依賴于或某物。比如說靠寫作賺取收入，dependonwritingfor e，或是說孩子們于依賴父母，就可以講“Childrenareaccustomedtodependingontheirparents.”此外，dependon后接，某機(jī)構(gòu)或某條法律，表示“指望，依賴”。dependingon則是用Ifyousaythatonethingdependsonanother,youmeanthatthethingwillbeaffectedordeterminedbythesecond.toacertainextent表示“在一定程度上”，extentstillnotcleartowhatextentmemorydependsontheenvironment.”Youuseexpressionssuchastoalargeextent,tosomeextent,ortoacertainextentinordertoindicatethatsomethingispartlytrue,butnotentirelytrue.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardingengagein在此表示“參與，從事”beengagedin/on是動詞，后者engaged用作形容詞，表示“從事……的，忙于……的”engagein也可表示參與談話或，比如你試圖和交談，就可以說“YoutrytosomeoneinIfyouengageinanactivity,youtorareactivelyinvolvedwith表示“過著……的生活”時可以用到lead，比如leadahappylife，過著的生活，或leadalifeofconstantfrustrationliveYoucanuseleadwhenyouaresayingwhatkindoflifesomeonehas.Forexample,ifyouleadabusylife,yourlifeisbusy.地道表達(dá)法（42期Intimesofeconomiccrisis,theyturntotheirfamiliesfor所以也可以用thetimes來表示“當(dāng)代，時代潮流”keepupwiththetimesbehindtheYouusetimeortimestotalkaboutaparticularperiodinhistoryorinyourturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitchedoff.”turntoturnto的另一個意思，即“求助于，求教于”。Ifyouturntosomeone,youaskfortheirhelporHerenergy-efficienthouseturnedouttobeahorribleturnout的釋義比較多，在本句中表示“原來是，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)”turnouttobe，也可以用“Itturnsoutthat...”。熄滅的意味；而turnoff是通過調(diào)節(jié)開關(guān)，切斷某物的供應(yīng)，比、點(diǎn)、聲音或暖氣。(ofthemonastery)”，將僧侶（從寺廟中）turnout了某個容器，則指“翻出，倒出”；turnoutforanactivity，表示出席、前去某個活動。Ifsomethingturnsouttobeaparticularthing,itisdiscoveredtobethatSomeanimalshavethegiftoflingpeopleapartbyhowtheyagiftfor/ofngsomething表示“天賦，才能”，gift是著重于天賦的才能，或者在某方方面具有可發(fā)展和培養(yǎng)的突出才能，genius語氣更強(qiáng)，也就是常說的天才。Ifsomeonehasagiftforngsomething,theyhaveanaturalabilityfornglsomeone/somethingapart表示“區(qū)分，辨別”，也可以用lonethingfromanother，Ifyoucan lonethingfromanother,youareabletorecognizethedifferencebetweenitandothersimilarthings.IfyoucanlIfyoucan lonethingfromanother,youareabletorecognizethedifferencebetweenitandothersimilarthings.Idon'tlooktoofaraheadasregardstomyallookahead表示“展望未來，規(guī)劃未來”，類似的還可以說planforthefuture，plotoutthefuture等等。BBC和朗文一起推出過一系列很經(jīng)典的多英語教學(xué)課程，叫《未來Ifyoulookahead,youthinkaboutwhatisgoingtohappeninthefutureandperhapsmakeplansforthefuture.asregards表示“關(guān)于，至于”，也常用in/withregardsto，regarding，相當(dāng)于about，concerning，其中，concerning屬于正式用語。YoucanuseasregardstoindicatethesubjectthatisbeingtalkedorwrittenTigersfighttothedeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingherFighttothedeath表示“到底，輸死捍衛(wèi)”，如果你想表示某場決斗是“生死決斗，殊死決戰(zhàn)”，則可說afighttothedeath。Fighttodeathfighttothedeaththe，但意思有很大不同。Todeath用于動詞后，表示某行為導(dǎo)致，比如過多而死，bleedtodeath。Ifyousaythatyouwillfighttothedeathforsomething,youareemphasizingthatyouwilldoanythingtoachieveorprotectit,evenifyousufferasaconsequence.地道表達(dá)法（43期Shewascutoffwhileshewascutoff指中斷，在本句中，cutsomeoneoff指打斷的，如果是被打斷，則是becut此外，cutoff還可指中斷供給，比如斷水?dāng)嚯?，cutoffwatersupplyandelectricity。如果你在 ，卻突然被cutoff了，也就是斷線，或者被掛了。大家記不記得《后會無期》中主角收聽電臺時，有觀眾打后來被截斷的？這里就可以說cutoff，“I'mgoingtocutyouoffnowbecausewe'vegotlotsofcallerswaiting.”就談到這里好嗎，因?yàn)槲?既然cutoff表示中斷，那么中斷的那個點(diǎn)或者終止本身怎么表示呢？可以看到cut-offcutoffwatersupplyandelectricitythecut-offofwatersupplyandelectricity。Ifyoucutsomeoneoffwhentheyarespeaking,youinterruptthemandstopthemfromWewilldealwiththisproblemassoonasdealwith在此表示“處理，應(yīng)付，和……打交道”，也常用到copewith，handle，manage否；copewith指成功地處理更為重大、更為嚴(yán)重的問題或事物；handle的處理有管理和操縱的意味；而manage則指處理日常事務(wù)與工作，也可指經(jīng)營管理。dealwith還可指“與……做，和……有生意往來”，比如“He'sahardmantodealwith.”，即fear；或是用于表示書籍、或涉及到哪方面的內(nèi)容，比如這部主要講環(huán)保，就可以說“Thefilmdealsmainlywithenvironmentalissues.”Whenyoudealwithsomethingorsomeonethatneedsattention,yougiveyourattentiontothem,andoftensolveaproblemormakeadecisionconcerningthem.assoonaspossible表示“盡快”，也可以用其他形容詞來替換，比如盡可能多的，asmuchasIfyoudosomethingassoonaspossible,youtassoonasyoucan.Ifyougetasmuchaspossibleofsomething,yougetasmuchofitasyoucan.Wederiveagreatdealofpleasurefromwatchingbaseballderivefrom在此表示“獲取，得到”，常說助人為樂，就可以說，Heisoneofthosepeoplewhoderivepleasurefromhelothers.derivefrom還可表示“于，來自”，比如英語中有很多詞匯源于拉丁語，就可以說MuchofEnglishwordsarederivedfromIfyouderivesomethingsuchaspleasureorbenefitfromaorfromsomething,yougetitfromthem.adealof指“許多，很多”，agreat/gooddealof則指大量。agreatdeal是可以單獨(dú)使用的，也可用在形容詞或者副詞的前，表示“大量，許多”，比如說兔子比烏龜跑得快多了，就可以說，“Rabbitsrunagreatdealfasterthanturtles.”agreatdealof只能用于不可數(shù)名Ifyousaythatyouneedorhaveagreatdealoforagooddealofaparticularthing,youareemphasizingthatyouneedorhavealotofit.Whydidn'ttheydrawupasourcing如果你drawyourselfup，則指“伸直背部，挺直身子”。表示“起草”時，還可以用到draft，compose，mapout等等。其中，draft作動詞時表示起草件、一本書或者一封稿，作名詞時則表示信件、書或的“初稿”。通compose作為“構(gòu)成，譜曲”composealetter/poem/speech，則指寫、創(chuàng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)非常用心，或是使用了大量的寫作技巧。mapout更強(qiáng)調(diào)“規(guī)劃，安排”，Ifyoudrawupa,list,orplan,youprepareitandwriteitDuetoanaccidentattheairport,ourarrivalwillbeonthegroundsthatbecause，for，since，as，其中，because用于回答why問題，所引導(dǎo)的從句為全句的重心；for的語氣較弱，表示附帶說明或推斷的理由；sincebecauseas的語氣最弱，表示重Ifaneventisduetosomething,ithappensorexistsasadirectresultofthat地道表達(dá)法（44期Adoptingnewtechnologiesinvolvesriskandso丁語，通常用于正式文體，在書寫時應(yīng)縮寫，但讀作“etcetera”。需要注意的是，這個縮寫則可用“etal.”或者andothers。Andsoforth(alsoandsoon)referstoadditionalrelatedorsimilarthingsmentioned(butnotIfyoumentionparticularthingsorpeopleandthenaddandthelike,youareindicatingthatthereareothersimilarthingsorpeoplethatcanbeincludedinwhatyouaresaying.Youwillneedtoknowwhereyourenemiesareatallatalltimes，指“隨時，總是”。Atanytime也表示“隨時，任何時候”，比如隨時會升級，“Thefightcouldescalateatanytime.”allthetime，“始終，一直”，這幾個詞組之間有什么區(qū)別呢？Atalltimestime還含有atanytime的含義，即無論什么時候。Youusetimetorefertoaperiodoftimeorapointintime,whenyouaredescribingwhatishappeningthen.Forexample,ifsomethinghappenedataparticulartime,thatiswhenithappened.Ifithappensatalltimes,italwayshappens.Hedoesn'tseemtobelieveinloveatinghosts。Believein也可指“認(rèn)為……是應(yīng)該的（正確的）”，比如信奉政治，believeIfyoubelieveinfairies,ghosts,ormiracles,youaresurethattheyexistorhappen.Ifyoubelieveinagod,youaresureoftheexistenceofthatloveatsight大家應(yīng)該比較熟悉，意思是“一見鐘情”，如果你說你對一見鐘情，就可fallinlovewithsomeoneatsight，或者你可以說，我一見到他/她啊，就把心都弄丟啦，losesomeone’sheartwithsomeoneatsight。表示對的迷戀、愛慕，還可以用到crush，haveacrushonsomeone，強(qiáng)調(diào)喜歡但沒有在一起。這個詞組和fallinlovewithsomeone不太一樣，crush就是對十分著迷，但彼此并不是很熟悉，而fallinlovewith多指和陷入熱戀，通常是已經(jīng)比較熟悉彼此了。Loveatsightistheexperienceofstartingt